IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172546

Hagar Marouf , Khalil M. Elkhamisy , El-Sayed M. El-Rabaie , Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed , Nariman Abdel-Salam

{"title":"Design of a high-efficiency PV array of 3rd generation perovskite solar cells using a ZnO/TiO₂ ETL and Au in the back electrode","authors":"Hagar Marouf , Khalil M. Elkhamisy , El-Sayed M. El-Rabaie , Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed , Nariman Abdel-Salam","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines the performance enhancement of third-generation perovskite solar cells (PSCs) utilizing a novel pyramidal electron transfer layer (ETL). Utilizing the high electron-transporting capabilities of zinc oxide (ZnO), a 3D-COMSOL Multiphysics model was created to analyze the optical and electrical properties of the device. This study examines replacing the traditional titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) ETL with ZnO and swapping the silver back contact for gold (Au). A major focus is on the geometric optimization of the pyramidal ETL structure. Through various simulations, we discovered that optimal performance occurs with a pyramid height of 0.7 of the total ETL thickness. This configuration yields a notable power conversion efficiency (PCE) and other key performance metrics, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed design. Additionally, the study examines the impact of temperature and solar irradiance fluctuations on device performance. The novelty of this research lies in using a pyramid height of 0.7 and comparing our results from a single cell modeled in COMSOL with those from a single cell in MATLAB-SIMULINK, and then with a cell array. Our findings show that for the 0.7 pyramid, the J<sub>SC</sub> is 34.9 mA/cm², while in the PV array, the J<sub>SC</sub> reaches 9.3 A/cm².</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 172546"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145220321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ultra-sharp plasmonic resonance in graphene-coated triangular arrays for high-precision sensing 用于高精度传感的石墨烯涂层三角形阵列的超尖锐等离子体共振

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172511

Leila Mehraban, Mojtaba Sadeghi, Zahra Adelpour

{"title":"Ultra-sharp plasmonic resonance in graphene-coated triangular arrays for high-precision sensing","authors":"Leila Mehraban, Mojtaba Sadeghi, Zahra Adelpour","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A high-performance plasmonic sensor featuring a graphene-coated triangular array is presented that achieves an exceptional combination of spectral sharpness and sensitivity. The sensor design demonstrates an ultra-narrow full width half maximum (<em>FWHM</em>) of 0.52 nm, enabled by strong plasmonic field confinement from the triangular array’s sharp vertices, suppressing radiative losses and graphene’s unique damping of plasmon decay via its high charge-carrier mobility and conductivity. The finite element method (FEM) simulations yield a record <em>Q</em>-factor of 1211 and figure of merit (<em>FOM</em>) of 769 RIU⁻<sup>¹</sup> while maintaining 400 nm/RIU sensitivity across a broad refractive index range (1.0–2.0). The optimized geometry (400 nm periodicity, 5 nm Au thickness) efficiently excites surface plasmons in the visible-NIR (400–800 nm). Graphene-enhanced charge-density oscillations, combined with the array’s field confinement, enable a resolution of 1.3 × 10⁻<sup>5</sup> RIU (at <em>SNR</em>=100), establishing this platform for sub-nanometer spectral resolution in molecular sensing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 172511"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144904064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dual-function analysis of triple unsymmetrical microring resonators for biosensor and optical filter applications 用于生物传感器和光学滤光器的三不对称微环谐振器的双功能分析

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172567

Pankaj Kumar Ray, Suman Ranjan

{"title":"Dual-function analysis of triple unsymmetrical microring resonators for biosensor and optical filter applications","authors":"Pankaj Kumar Ray, Suman Ranjan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a compact micron-sized triple unsymmetrical microring resonator (TUMRR) using the Vernier effect based optical filter and highly sensitive refractive index (RI) based biosensor for cancer cells detection has been demonstrated. The simulation analysis of dual-function TUMRR as an optical filter is done using MATLAB, and the sensitivity results for cancer cell detection using the refractive index change technique have been obtained in OptiFDTD software. The proposed structure may act as a 1 × 3 input-output optical filter to address high FSR and Q-value. Mathematical modeling to obtain the transfer function for filter analysis is done using delay line signal processing, where a unit delay is modeled as <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>z</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>. The obtained FSRs for <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>Tf</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><mspace></mspace><msub><mrow><mi>Tf</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><mi>and</mi><msub><mrow><mi>Tf</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> are 315 THz, 615 THz, and 835 THz, and the Q-factors are 842, 1338, and 2200, respectively. The reported sensitivity range of the proposed sensor structure is from 150.3 to 167 nm/ RIU.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"340 ","pages":"Article 172567"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145334365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Propagation behavior of a modified anomalous vortex beam in fractional Fourier transform 分数阶傅里叶变换中修正反常涡旋光束的传播特性

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172526

Faroq Saad , Halima Benzehoua , Salma Chib , Abdelmajid Belafhal

引用次数: 0

Multiplexed detection of refractive indices among analytes via microfluidics and optical ring resonator: Optical coupling approach 利用微流体和光环谐振器对分析物折射率的多路检测：光耦合方法

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172531

Shamshad Alam , Mohd Mansoor Khan , Ramesh Kumar Sonkar

{"title":"Multiplexed detection of refractive indices among analytes via microfluidics and optical ring resonator: Optical coupling approach","authors":"Shamshad Alam , Mohd Mansoor Khan , Ramesh Kumar Sonkar","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The presented work examines the detection of multiple biological analytes associated with various diseases in humans using an optical ring resonator-based refractive index sensor. The suggested sensor has great potential in the healthcare domain for early disease diagnosis. The sensor system, utilizing a C-band (1550 nm) optical source, has been designed and numerically analyzed to detect sickle cell anemia (SCA), breast cancer cells, glucose concentrations, and tuberculosis. The time-efficient finite different time domain (FDTD) method has been employed to optimize the performance metrics of the sensor enhancing the sensitivity (<span><math><mi>S</mi></math></span>), figure of merit (<span><math><mrow><mi>F</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow></math></span>), and quality factor (<span><math><mrow><mi>Q</mi><mi>F</mi></mrow></math></span>). Apparently, the designed sensor can detect multiple analytes with <span><math><mrow><mi>S</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>420</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>45</mn></mrow></math></span> nanometer/Refractive Index Unit (nm/RIU), <span><math><mrow><mi>F</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>M</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>289</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>85</mn></mrow></math></span> RIU<sup>-1</sup>, and <span><math><mrow><mi>Q</mi><mi>F</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1107</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>36</mn></mrow></math></span>, respectively. The obtained results further motivates the fabrication of ubiquitous sensing system for multiple disease detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 172531"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Secure image encryption using Rubik’s Cube-based scrambling with chaos-driven diffusion and circular shifts 使用基于混沌驱动扩散和圆移位的魔方置乱的安全图像加密

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172533

S. Sharmila , R.S. Bhuvaneswaran , Dhandapani Vaithiyanathan

{"title":"Secure image encryption using Rubik’s Cube-based scrambling with chaos-driven diffusion and circular shifts","authors":"S. Sharmila , R.S. Bhuvaneswaran , Dhandapani Vaithiyanathan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing exchange of multimedia content in the digital era demands reliable image encryption techniques to ensure data privacy and security. This paper presents an image encryption method that integrates Rubik’s Cube-inspired scrambling with a chaos-based diffusion process to provide strong security while maintaining computational efficiency. The scrambling stage is implemented using iterative modulo-two operations that determine left or right circular shifts for rows and columns, and these operations are deterministic without the involvement of chaotic sequences in controlling their direction or magnitude. In the diffusion stage, logistic-map-generated keys modify pixel intensity values through XOR operations. Comprehensive security analyses, including entropy, NPCR, UACI, correlation coefficients, SSIM, PSNR, chi-square, and NIST statistical test suite assessments, demonstrate strong cryptographic performance. The proposed method achieves an entropy value of 7.99, an NPCR greater than 0.994, and a UACI greater than 0.32, while the correlation coefficients of the encrypted images approach zero in all orientations. Histogram analysis shows a nearly uniform distribution, and low structural similarity and peak signal-to-noise ratio values confirm strong encryption with accurate decryption. This approach effectively balances implementation simplicity, security strength, and suitability for real-time hardware applications such as FPGA-based systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 172533"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Theoretical investigation of space division multiplexing capacity of unaltered and D-shaped multimode step-index POF 不变和d型多模阶跃折射率点of空分复用能力的理论研究

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172541

Svetislav Savović , Konstantinos Aidinis

引用次数: 0

Automated optical inspection system for real-time dent defect detection in button cell batteries 用于钮扣电池凹陷缺陷实时检测的自动光学检测系统

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172532

Li Sun , Jingyu Wang , Cong Xie , Wenli Zhang , Wei Ding

{"title":"Automated optical inspection system for real-time dent defect detection in button cell batteries","authors":"Li Sun , Jingyu Wang , Cong Xie , Wenli Zhang , Wei Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172532","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dent defects in button cell batteries frequently arise during production and transportation, which not only impair their aesthetic appeal but also pose safety risks. The detection of these defects is particularly challenging due to the highly reflective surfaces of the cells and the interference caused by stamped characters. To tackle these issues, an automatic optical imaging system featuring dark field lighting is developed to capture time-series images. By employing shape template matching, relative position calculation, and affine transformation, the character regions were accurately located. The threshold segmentation method is then applied to both the original and Gaussian-filtered images, excluding the character regions, to identify potential defect areas. Defect pixel areas are determined using a 200-pixel threshold. Through comparative analysis, the number of time-series images is optimized to 7, significantly enhancing defect recognition accuracy. Online testing of 150,911 batteries demonstrated a 97.87% accuracy rate for normal batteries and a 99.05% detection rate for defective ones. The proposed algorithm processes each sample in under 300 ms, satisfying the requirements for real-time industrial detection. This study presents an effective solution for the real-time monitoring of dent defects in button cell batteries, contributing to improved quality control and safety assurance in the battery manufacturing industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 172532"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145109701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unveiling CsInTiO₄ quantum dots: A novel wide-band-gap material with exceptional nonlinear optical properties CsInTiO₄量子点：一种具有特殊非线性光学特性的新型宽带隙材料

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172544

M.A.M. El-Mansy , M.S. El-Bana , Ashwani Kumar , Pankaj Sharma

{"title":"Unveiling CsInTiO₄ quantum dots: A novel wide-band-gap material with exceptional nonlinear optical properties","authors":"M.A.M. El-Mansy , M.S. El-Bana , Ashwani Kumar , Pankaj Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A comprehensive detailed theoretical investigation into structural, optical, and optoelectronic properties of <sub>caesium</sub> indium titanate (CsInTiO₄) quantum dots (QDs), modelled with a unit cell size of approximately 15 Å. As a structural analogy of CsAlTiO₄, CsInTiO₄ crystallizes in a monoclinic phase with space group <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>P</mi><mn>21</mn><mo>/</mo><mi>N</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The material exhibits a wide optical band gap <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>5.33</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>eV</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>, classifying it as a robust wide-band-gap insulator. Optical dispersion behavior was analyzed using the Wemple-DiDomenico model, yielding a high single-oscillator energy (<span><math><mrow><mi>E</mi><mi>₀</mi><mspace></mspace><mo>=</mo><mspace></mspace><mn>7.68</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>eV</mi></mrow></math></span>) and oscillator strength of (<span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>35.8</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>eV²</mi></mrow></math></span>), indicative of strong ionic character and electronic stability. Furthermore, nonlinear optical (NLO) characterization revealed a significant third-order susceptibility (<span><math><msup><mrow><mi>χ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></msup></math></span>) and a high nonlinear refractive index (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>), highlighting the material’s strong nonlinear response. Such insights, supported by both theoretical simulations and XRD data, represent the 1st detailed exploration of CsInTiO₄-QDs, laying the ground for upcoming experiments. These numerical benchmarks not only establish CsInTiO₄-QDs as a wide-band-gap insulator but also underscore their exceptional potential for UV optoelectronic and nonlinear optical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 172544"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis on nanoparticles induced alignment stability of dye doped liquid crystal at varying temperatures 纳米颗粒诱导染料掺杂液晶在不同温度下的排列稳定性分析

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172536

Chinky , Pankaj Kumar

{"title":"Analysis on nanoparticles induced alignment stability of dye doped liquid crystal at varying temperatures","authors":"Chinky , Pankaj Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, an analysis on the stability of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) induced homeotropic alignment (HA) of dichroic dye doped nematic liquid crystal (NLC) at varying temperatures has been carried out. Three sample cells, namely conventional PI coated homeotropically aligned liquid crystal (HALC) (S1), NPs induced HALC (S2), and dye doped NPs induced HALC (S3) were prepared. Further, their morphological and electro-optical (E-O) characteristics were determined between temperature ranges from 20 °C to 60 °C. Findings illustrate that there are no observable textural changes in terms of background consistency, phase transitions, and uniformity in coloration across all the cells. Also, with increasing electric field, the liquid crystal (LC) molecules exhibit uniform switching behavior up to 60 °C, confirming that the performance of the HALC device remains unaffected under elevated thermal conditions. Comparatively, cell S1 shows larger threshold and operating voltages, whereas cell S3 exhibits the most thermally stable alignment with low threshold and operating voltages with highest contrast ratio (CR) at all temperatures. Thus, NPs induced dichroic dye doped HALC cells have potential to contribute to the development of thermally reliable LC based devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 172536"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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