Optik最新文献

{"title":"Surface plasmon resonance sensor with 2D materials for enhanced refractive index detection of chemical pollutants in seawater","authors":"V. Nirmal Kannan ,&nbsp;G. Prabhakar ,&nbsp;N. Ayyanar","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2024.172157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2024.172157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper introduces a highly sensitive, graphene-based, multilayer surface plasmon resonance (SPR) refractive index sensor is designed for the detection of chemical pollutants in seawater. The sensor structure consists of multiple layers, specifically BK7 glass, Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), MXene, and Graphene. SPR sensors have gained significant attention in the field of real-time chemical sensing due to their label-free detection capabilities, high sensitivity, and excellent reproducibility. In this sensor design, the refractive index (RI) of the sensing region is altered by the interaction of chemical pollutants present in the seawater. These variations in RI directly affect the excitation of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) at the multilayer sensor interface. This interaction forms the basis for detecting chemical pollutants, as changes in RI modulate the sensor's optical response, which can be accurately measured. The performance of the proposed sensor is thoroughly evaluated using numerical simulations based on the Transfer Matrix Method (TMM). The simulations are carried out over a refractive index range of 1.329–1.433, covering the typical RI variations caused by chemical pollutants in seawater. The sensor demonstrated exceptional performance, achieving a maximum sensitivity of 186 deg/RIU at an operational wavelength of 633 nm. Additionally, the sensor is exhibited a high detection accuracy (DA) of 1.5 deg⁻¹ and a figure of merit (FOM) of 205 RIU⁻¹, highlighting its ability to precisely distinguish small changes in refractive index. These results emphasize the potential of this graphene-based SPR sensor configuration for high-performance detection of chemical pollutants, making it an excellent candidate for environmental monitoring applications. Its robust design, combined with its high sensitivity and accuracy, positions it as a promising solution for addressing challenges in seawater pollution detection and monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"321 ","pages":"Article 172157"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143182067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ns laser-Si interaction in air flow: The phenomena of surface etching and hetero-structuration","authors":"Nazim Aslam ,&nbsp;Taj Muhammad Khan ,&nbsp;M. Zakria ,&nbsp;Shahab Ahmed Abbasi ,&nbsp;Ishtiaq Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2024.172171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2024.172171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates interaction of ns laser pulses with n-type Si under two irradiation conditions: ambient air and flowing air at 16 ms⁻¹. This study was conducted using laser fluence of 1.5–2 J-cm⁻², and laser shots number n (6 ≥ n ≥ 1) at focus and off-focus. Two different topographical phenomena were observed; in flowing air, at focus surface etching dominates, while ripple formation occurred in both conditions. Both of them were strongly dependent on the laser shots and irradiation condition at focus and off-focus. In air flow, at focus or off-focus, randomly distributed etched pits form, increasing in size and population with more laser pulses. Off-focus in air flow, formation of etched patches was reduced and regular ripples transitioned into broken ripples as the shot number increased. Contrary to this, in ambient air, no etching was seen, and persistent ripples were formed, showing localised topographical interruption and fractured features with increased shots. The broken features were more dominant for the increased laser shots due to the incubation impact and the hydrodynamic instabilities of molten silicon. Raman analysis revealed a striking difference in properties of textured Si under two conditions. The distinct topographical features in air flow and ambient air reflect altered melt dynamics and ripple formation driven by laser interaction. It shows a critical role of air flow in selectively altering the surface topography through etching, ripple formation or a combination of both.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"321 ","pages":"Article 172171"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143183061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of quantum frequency conversion on the quantumness of radiation field states","authors":"R. Usefi,&nbsp;M.K. Tavassoly","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2024.172172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2024.172172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Analyzing the environmental response to high-power optical waves radiated into a quantum frequency converter is our aim of the paper. We examine the non-classical properties of the electromagnetic waves emitted from this system, using a fully quantum description for this nonlinear optical system. With the help of rotating wave approximation and solving the Heisenberg equations of motion for signal (strong) and idler (weak) frequencies, we study the non-classical properties of the produced output waves, including squeezing, entanglement and quantized field antibunching. Analytical and numerical results evidently confirm that most of these non-classicality signs can be revealed for the composite number and pair coherent states, as the entrance waves to the quantum frequency converter, distinctly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"321 ","pages":"Article 172172"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143183065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photoluminescence and thermally stimulated luminescence properties of Ba3Gd(PO4)3 single crystals doped with Dy","authors":"Haruaki Ezawa,&nbsp;Yuma Takebuchi,&nbsp;Takumi Kato,&nbsp;Daisuke Nakauchi,&nbsp;Noriaki Kawaguchi,&nbsp;Takayuki Yanagida","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2024.172189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2024.172189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The good optical and chemical properties of Ba₃Gd(PO₄)₃ (BGPO) make it an attractive option for use as an optical material. In this study, photoluminescence (PL) and thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) properties of Dy-doped BGPO single crystals were investigated. The floating zone furnace was utilized to fabricate the bulk Dy-doped BGPO single crystals. Out of all the prepared Dy-doped BGPO single crystals, the 10 % Dy-doped sample exhibited the highest PL quantum yield value. All the prepared Dy-doped BGPO single crystals showed PL and TSL peaks at 310, 480, 580, 670, and 760 nm, resulting from 4f-4f transitions of Gd³⁺ and Dy³⁺. The PL decay profiles had one component with a decay time constant of approximately 0.9 ms in all the prepared Dy-doped BGPO samples. The TSL glow peak of all the prepared Dy-doped BGPO samples located at 75 ℃. The 5 % Dy-doped BGPO sample displayed the highest TSL intensity with the lower detection limit of 0.01 mGy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"321 ","pages":"Article 172189"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143183068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of beam wandering and influence of partial coherence on fourth-order moment of the light field in turbulent atmosphere","authors":"V. Andriichuk,&nbsp;L. Derzhypolska,&nbsp;I. Matsniev,&nbsp;O. Chumak","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2024.172156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2024.172156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The method of photon distribution function (PDF) is used to study the fluctuations of light beams propagating through a turbulent atmosphere. Our analysis concerns the regime of saturated fluctuations. The focus is on the phenomena of beam wandering and the effect of partial coherence on photon density fluctuations. The size of the quasiclassical part of wandering is shown to decrease with the propagation distance, while the quantum part increases. We explain this qualitative difference by beam fragmentation that is accompanied by a loss of correlation between individual parts. The effect of the phase diffuser on the fourth moment of the irradiance is taken into account. An explicit expression obtained for the fourth moment indicates the possibility of a significant reduction of noise in the communication channel. The diffuser changes the shot noise from delta-correlated (in the spatial domain) to smoothly distributed. The theory developed here can be used to estimate the influence of the phase diffuser on light fluctuations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"321 ","pages":"Article 172156"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143182064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DualCompliCube reflector: A novel reflex reflector design for dual standard compliance and enhanced automotive safety","authors":"Hien-Thanh Le ,&nbsp;Lanh-Thanh Le","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2024.172170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2024.172170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper performs a comparative analysis of the retro-reflective efficacy of two reflector designs: the DualCompliCube structure and the conventional structure, evaluated under both European Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) and the US Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) standards across various incident angles. The findings demonstrate that the DualCompliCube structure consistently outperforms the conventional structure, achieving up to 70 % greater luminous intensity at a 0° incident angle and enhancements ranging from 69 % to 87 % at non-zero angles under the ECE standard. Even at broader angles, such as 20° Left and 20° Right, the DualCompliCube structure exhibits improvements of up to 83 %. The DualCompliCube structure's innovative design optimizes dihedral angles, enhances light distribution, and maintains superior visibility, yielding modest yet consistent improvements of up to 6 % higher Ri values compared to conventional structures. This study demonstrates that the DualCompliCube structure effectively meets the stringent demands of both ECE and SAE standards, thereby improving safety and visibility across various driving conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"321 ","pages":"Article 172170"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143181663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interdiffusion induced changes in the absorption spectra of III-V quantum dot systems","authors":"Subindu Kumar ,&nbsp;Anjali Rai ,&nbsp;Syed Sadique Anwer Askari","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2024.172159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2024.172159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>III-V Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) grown with growth interruption technique do not have uniform group III composition inside the dot. Modelling such as-grown structures requires in-depth knowledge of the composition and potential well profile. In this work, we have developed a three-dimensional analytical model which incorporates strain, as well as the variation of group III composition profile in both lateral and vertical directions inside an as-grown QD in order to quantify the effect of dot size variation on the interband optical absorption spectra of as-grown QD systems. Earlier reports on this subject considered the variation of either the dot height or base to account for the size deviation, which may not be sufficient enough to predict the dot size distribution in realistic systems, where all dimensions are likely to suffer from deviation. Keeping this in mind, Gaussian distribution of dot volume has been adopted here to consider the variations of height and base of QDs in a cumulative way. In our study, we considered InGaAs/GaAs and InGaN/GaN QD systems. The non-uniform distribution of indium inside the as-grown dot leads to a non-rectangular potential well profile, which eventually transforms into a rectangular one after annealing. Through the proposed model, we have investigated the effect of inhomogeneous indium composition and dot size variation on the optical absorption spectra of InGaAs/GaAs and InGaN/GaN as-grown QD systems through Gaussian distribution of dot volume. We have also discussed the effect of size deviation on the full width at half maxima (FWHM) of both as-grown and annealed QD systems. Emphasis has been given to the changes in the conduction and valence band potential profiles due to changes in the morphology inside the dot leading to subsequent changes in the energy levels caused by composition uniformity due to annealing and interdiffusion, thus modifying the nature of absorption spectra.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"321 ","pages":"Article 172159"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143181665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction Notice: “Optimized shortest path algorithm for on-chip board processor in large scale networks” [Optik 271, December 2022, 170151]","authors":"Ameer N. Onaizah ,&nbsp;Yuanqing Xia ,&nbsp;Khurram Hussain ,&nbsp;Abdullah Mohamed","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2024.172125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2024.172125","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"321 ","pages":"Article 172125"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143181666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responsivity enhancement of TiO2 based UV photodetector by antimony doping","authors":"Yusuf Shehu ,&nbsp;Alghareeb Abbas A. M ,&nbsp;Naser M. Ahmed ,&nbsp;Sameen Aslam ,&nbsp;Siti Azrah Mohamad Samsuri ,&nbsp;W. M. Edmund Loh","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2024.172188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2024.172188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The excellent photoelectric properties, high stability, and low-cost fabrication have gained TiO₂ tremendous attention as a cutting-edge material for various energy-related applications. However, the bandgap energy in the UV range and the low excited states of TiO₂ have urged researchers to incorporate different dopant elements to optimize its properties. We demonstrated the effect of antimony (Sb) incorporation to TiO₂ as UV photodetector using chemical bath deposition technique. The structural, optical, and electrical behaviour of undoped and doped devices (Sb:TiO₂) were analyzed. Under UV irradiation at a wavelength of 365 nm and a power intensity of 130 μW, we achieved remarkable enhancement in device sensitivity. Compared to an undoped device (TiO₂-Ns/PSi/Ag), the doped device (Sb:TiO₂-Ns/PSi/Ag) demonstrated superior photoresponse and performance. The device exhibited Schottky characteristics within a voltage range of -5V to 5 V, demonstrating strong responsiveness and excellent electrical behaviour. <em>I-V</em> analysis at bias voltages of 3 V, and 5 V revealed outstanding responsivity and sensitivity. The best optimized performance device (Sb:TiO₂-Ns/PSi/Ag) demonstrate highest photodetector parameters of responsivity as 23.5 A/W, quantum efficiency as ∼8 × 10³%, sensitivity as 685.71 %, gain as 7.86, detectivity as 1.97 × 10¹² Jones, and NEP as 9.0 × 10^–14 W compared to that of the undoped TiO₂ device (TiO₂-Ns/PSi/Ag) with responsivity of 15.4 A/W, quantum efficiency as 5.22 × 10³%, sensitivity as 420.81 %, gain as 5.21 detectivity as 1.25 × 10¹² Jones, and NEP as 1.42 × 10^–13 W, as a results of Sb incorporation to TiO₂ both under UV light illumination (wavelength 365 nm and power intensity of 130 <em>μW</em>) at 5 V bias voltage. These findings underscore the significant impact of Sb doping on TiO₂ for photodetection, leading to enhanced photo-responsivity and sensitivity compared to conventional TiO₂-based devices, thereby establishing Sb:TiO₂ structures as promising candidates for UV sensing applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"321 ","pages":"Article 172188"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143181661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Axial-rotation beam-steering folded reflective-transmissive hybrid array","authors":"Rui Wang ,&nbsp;Jingwen Sun ,&nbsp;Chunhua Xue ,&nbsp;Teng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2024.172169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2024.172169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on the concept of Risley prism and phase gradient lens theory for beam steerability, an innovative architecture for reducing the phase coverage of a phase gradient transmitarray is proposed by using axially rotating beam steering antenna. By employing the proposed folded antenna system, the profile height is reduced by half and the implementation of transmitarray is simplified with only <span><math><mrow><mn>180</mn><mo>°</mo></mrow></math></span> phase coverage for supercells due to the twice transmission. A concise linear-polarized prototype is designed and experimented for validation. The measured results demonstrate that the system can realize the beam-steering within a conical solid angle ranging <span><math><mrow><mo>±</mo><mn>49</mn><mo>°</mo></mrow></math></span>, with a peak gain of 24.8 dBi at the <span><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>°</mo></mrow></math></span> beam direction at 30 GHz. The proposed axial-rotation folded reflective-transmissive hybrid array provides a new approach for beam steering which is a good candidate for communication systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"321 ","pages":"Article 172169"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143183066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}