Optik最新文献

{"title":"Research on D-shape PCF temperature sensor with simple structure and high sensitivity","authors":"Qiunan Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhao Zhang ,&nbsp;Can’er Cheng,&nbsp;Chuanyang Huang,&nbsp;Xiangyu Liao,&nbsp;Jian Tang,&nbsp;Junhui Hu,&nbsp;Yongmei Wang,&nbsp;Weijia Shao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A D-type photonic crystal fiber optic temperature sensor incorporating a gold nanowire was developed. The design and optimization process utilized the finite element method to refine key sensor parameters, including the diameter of the air holes within the fiber, the dimensions of the gold nanowires, and the spacing between the air holes. Through this optimization, the optimal structural parameters were determined. The temperature sensing properties of the sensor were investigated, demonstrating a sensing capability within the range of 10–50 °C, achieving a maximum sensitivity of −19.0 nm/°C. The sensor exhibits notable performance, characterized by a straightforward structural design and a fabrication process of relatively low complexity, highlighting its strong potential for applications in temperature sensing technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"323 ","pages":"Article 172228"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143183014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-dimensional photonic crystals with two defects: An analytical approach","authors":"A.O. Kamenev ,&nbsp;N.A. Vanyushkin ,&nbsp;I.M. Efimov ,&nbsp;A.H. Gevorgyan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, for the first time, exact analytical expressions for determination of the wavelength of defect modes (DMs) in one-dimensional (1D) photonic crystals (PCs) with two defect layers (DLs) have been obtained from the condition of total transmittance. In contrast to the approximate expressions derived earlier by other authors, exact analytical solutions depending on the reflection coefficients of the PC mirrors have been found. These equations are also an alternative to a more direct calculation of the DM wavelengths via reflection or transmission spectra of the whole structure. The main difference from this method is that the conventional method requires finding the DMs at the particular DL thicknesses while our method allows calculation of the necessary DL thicknesses for any desired DM wavelength. Also, analytical condition for the DM merging in PC with two DLs has been derived for the first time. Furthermore, the results obtained previously by other researchers concerning the merging of DMs as the number of layers in the central part of a PC with two DLs increases have been summarized and explained. Moreover, the analytical condition of the maximum amplitude of DMs was obtained for the first time. The results of this research permit the simplification of the analysis of optical sensors and filters based on 1D PCs with two DLs, as well as a more comprehensive understanding of the DM behavior within the PBGs of such structures. Such defected PCs have a variety of potential practical applications including lasers, sensors, filters and more.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"323 ","pages":"Article 172231"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143183015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-sensitive fiber taper-sphere probe based on polydimethylsiloxane-packaged for measurement of transverse load and temperature","authors":"Guoxu Shang,&nbsp;Xiaojie Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A high sensitive reflective fiber taper-sphere sensing probe wrapped by a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) sphere is proposed for measurement of transverse load and temperature simultaneously. First, a fiber taper probe is prepared, and its end is melted into a microsphere to improve the quality of the spectrum. Then, the fiber taper-sphere is wrapped by a PDMS sphere, and the proposed fiber sensing probe is obtained. The diameter of PDMS sphere is 950 μm. In the whole process of preparation, only a fusion splicer and a temperature box are used. Because the PDMS surrounds the fiber taper-sphere firmly, the mechanical strength of the proposed fiber sensing probe is good. With the transverse load and the temperature varying, the shifts of two interference peaks in spectrum are monitored. The transverse load sensitivities can reach 1756.7 nm/N and 1780.1 nm/N, and the temperature sensitivities are 789.1 pm/℃ and 644.7 pm/℃, respectively. Both the transverse load and the temperature can be measured simultaneously by using the method of sensing matrix. The transverse load sensitivity of our fiber sensing probe is significantly improved. It will has important application prospects in the fields of safety monitoring, aerospace and automotive industry due to high sensitivities, good mechanical strength, ease fabrication and low cost.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 172227"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on tunable beam deflection technology based on metasurface","authors":"Ke Jin,&nbsp;Yong-qiang Liu,&nbsp;Xing-hong Liu,&nbsp;Jun Han,&nbsp;Hui-na Wang,&nbsp;Gao-yuan Mi,&nbsp;Song-lin Wang,&nbsp;Jian-fu Zhang,&nbsp;Xiao-qun Zhu,&nbsp;Hai-bo Wang,&nbsp;Qing-long Liu,&nbsp;Ying-hui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a two-dimensional tunable metasurface beam deflector utilizing the electro-optic effect of lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) thin films.Theoretical calculations and simulation have verified that the regular variation of applied voltage can form a continuous phase gradient on the metasurface, thereby achieving adjustable two-dimensional beam deflection or scanning. Compared to the non tunability of traditional metasurfaces, the design in this paper can achieve continuous scanning of the beam at large angles in two dimensions. The results show that the designed beam deflector can achieve large angle deflection at a wavelength of 1.064μm, with a deflection angle greater than 13°and an optical efficiency greater than 90 %. The tunable metasurface beam deflection technology designed in this article is expected to be applied as a laser scanning device in fields such as optical communication, LiDAR, and laser guidance, and has certain reference significance for designing multifunctional beam control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"323 ","pages":"Article 172226"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143183012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asymmetric Coplanar Strip‑Fed multiband loop antenna with FSS cover for gain improvement","authors":"R. Samson Daniel","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Asymmetric Coplanar Strip (ACS)-Fed with loop resonators is fashioned in the form of nested configuration, which imparts multiband radiation. By forming nested loops, it increases the number resonance substantially. An invented antenna possesses five rectangular loops, which induces the antenna to radiate 1.17 GHz, 1.74 GHz, 2.31 GHz, 2.93 GHz, 3.63 GHz and 5 GHz frequencies. The developed antenna is amalgamated by ACS-fed with loop resonators, it has been fabricated on a FR-4 substrate having the size of 18<span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span>18<span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span>1.6 mm³, <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ε</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>= 4^.4 and <span><math><mrow><mi>tan</mi><mrow><mi>δ</mi></mrow></mrow></math></span> = 0.02. To ascertain the optimal peak gain of the antenna, Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) amelioration approach has been carried out. It is fashioned on 44.5<span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span>44.5<span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span>0.8 mm³ FR-4 substrate by 4<span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span>4 FSS array configurations. At 5 GHz resonance, the antenna imparts the peak gain of 0.52 dBi without FSS. To meliorate the peak gain, the antenna is covered by 4<span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span>4 FSS array, which executes as the reflector for rendering the peak gain of 6.62 dBi. The transmission line model of FSS unit cell has been explored with the help of LC values to identity the band reject mechanisms, which is examined by Agilent ADS software. The calibrated radiation factors of the fabricated antenna with FSS cover endorse simulated counterparts, which is suitable for GSM, WiMAX and WLAN applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"323 ","pages":"Article 172230"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143183013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research of fiber Bragg gratings inscription by the method of translation of a laser beam relative to a phase mask","authors":"V.A. Yakimuk,&nbsp;S.V. Varzhel,&nbsp;I.D. Moor,&nbsp;Y.I. Yandybaeva,&nbsp;U.R. Korobkova,&nbsp;V.A. Klishina,&nbsp;A.V. Kulikov","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper demonstrates the research of a fiber Bragg gratings inscription method including translation of a laser beam relative to a phase mask. Passing laser radiation through a phase mask results in diffraction into +1 and −1 orders, which makes it possible to inscribe FBGs inside a fiber core and the laser beam translation allows to obtain long apodized gratings. For each Bragg grating, the dependences of optical characteristics on the parameters of laser radiation are established. The result of inscription FBGs to obtain laser generation is presented in the article as well.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"323 ","pages":"Article 172216"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143183011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Terahertz multifunctional elements based on all-dielectric metamaterials","authors":"Li Min ,&nbsp;Keyuan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A multifunctional terahertz element (MTE) was constructed with a silicon substrate etched with periodically distributed rectangular holes, integrating the functions of a quarter-wave plate, half-wave plate, and reflector. Results show that the quarter-wave plate has a transmittance of over 90 % within a bandwidth exceeding 1 THz, the half-wave plate achieves nearly 100 % polarization conversion efficiency at 5 THz, and the reflector maintains 100 % reflectivity within the frequency range of 13 THz to 21 THz. It suitable for photonic chip integration to achieve polarization control and filtering, with broad applications in sensing, detection, and photonic computing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"323 ","pages":"Article 172225"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143183009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling two-photon absorption dynamic in melt grown 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone (DHBP) single crystal: Insights from bridgman method using double-zone glass furnace","authors":"Mohamad Asikali Abdul Hakkim ,&nbsp;Rajesh Paulraj ,&nbsp;Sabari Girisun T.C.","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172215","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172215","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a single crystal of 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone (DHBP) was grown using the vertical Bridgman method using a custom-designed double zone furnace. DSC revealed the melting and freezing points of DHBP as 149 ℃ and 61 ℃, respectively. A transparent Bridgman furnace with a steep temperature gradient was employed to accommodate the significant phase change temperature difference. The conventional V-shaped ampoule was modified with a shorter cone length and angle to optimize the growth process. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the monoclinic structure (P2_1/c) of the DHBP crystal retained post-melting and crystallization. High-resolution XRD revealed excellent crystalline perfection of the grown DHBP crystal with an FWHM of 154” for the (0 2 0) lattice plane. The FTIR and FT-Raman analyses confirmed the functional groups of the melt-grown DHBP single crystal aligned well with those of the solution-grown crystal. The grown DHBP shows 70 % transmittance (450–1000 nm), a 390 nm cut-off, an optical band gap of 3.13 eV and an Urbach energy of 0.11 eV. Photoconductivity analysis revealed that the as-grown crystal in the (0 2 0) plane acquired negative conductivity. Photoluminescence studies revealed fluorescence at 530 nm under 390 nm excitation. A Z-scan experiment was performed using both CW He-Ne laser (632 nm) and Nd:YAG pulsed laser (532 nm) to explore third-order NLO properties. The DHBP crystal demonstrates reverse saturable absorption, attributed to the phenomenon of two-photon absorption. According to pure electronic nonlinearity, the nonlinear absorption coefficient and optical limiting threshold were determined to be 5.4 × 10⁻¹¹ m/W and 3.24 × 10¹² W/m², respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"323 ","pages":"Article 172215"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143183010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Femtosecond laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy of aluminum plasma under the vacuum & air environments at various laser irradiances","authors":"Sadia Waheed ,&nbsp;Shazia Bashir ,&nbsp;Gin Jose ,&nbsp;Robert Mathieson ,&nbsp;Eric Kumi Barimah ,&nbsp;Asma Hayat ,&nbsp;Muhammad Rana Ayub","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effect of environmental conditions and irradiances on femtosecond laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy of Aluminum (Al) plasma has been investigated. For this purpose, a femtosecond laser (1030 nm, 220 fs) was employed to irradiate the Al targets under air and vacuum environments at different laser irradiances ranging from 1.8 TWcm⁻² to 5.4 TWcm⁻². LIBS analysis shows that optical intensity of emission spectra and plasma parameters (electron temperature “T_e” and electron number density “n_e”) are increased with increasing the laser irradiances of Al plasma under both environments. The electron temperature is evaluated by using both Boltzmann and Saha Boltzmann distributions, whereas electron density is evaluated by using Stark broadening. With increasing laser irradiances, the values of T_e of Al plasma increases from 8061 K to 8745 K under vacuum environment, whereas, for air T_e increases from 8203 K to 8874 K. In case of Saha Boltzmann plot, the values of T_e under vacuum vary from 8467 K to 8949 K and in air environment the estimated values of T_e increases from the 8600 K to 9027 K. Likewise, the values of n_e of Al plasma vary from 8.52 x 10¹⁸ cm⁻³ to 9.22 x 10¹⁸ cm⁻³ under vacuum environmental condition, while in case of air, the values of n_e vary from 8.72 x 10¹⁸ cm⁻³ to 9.38 x 10¹⁸ cm⁻³. Slightly higher values of Al plasma parameters in air as compared to vacuum are explainable on the basis of confinement effect offered by 760 Torr atmospheric pressure. The air environment restricts free expansion of Al plasma that results into enhanced rate of collisional excitation, recombination with increased life time of plasma that slows down the plasma plume. The laser-target interaction process of air also causes exothermic reactions of reactive gases (H₂, O₂, CO₂ etc) which are responsible for enhanced energy coupling to target in addition to laser energy deposition which in turn increases ablation rate and evaporation of the target. The increasing trends of emission intensity and plasma parameters with the increasing laser irradiances are attributed to enhanced mass ablation rate due to more energy deposition that increases the excitation and de-excitation within the plasma. The higher values of Al plasma parameters under certain environments make it more beneficial for various applications including surface structuring, electron ion implantation, pulse laser deposition of thin films and other industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"324 ","pages":"Article 172214"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defect-driven sequential two-photon absorption for enhanced optical limiting in Co:ZnO","authors":"Amegha Sahni ,&nbsp;S. Deepika ,&nbsp;C. Nagarajan ,&nbsp;Seunghwoi Han ,&nbsp;J. Kawya ,&nbsp;T.C. Sabari Girisun ,&nbsp;K. Manirahulan ,&nbsp;N. Angeline Little Flower ,&nbsp;R. Annie Sujatha","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The optical limiting study of intrinsic and cobalt doped ZnO has been carried out in the ns regime with varying dopant concentrations. The flower-like structured, polycrystalline wurtzite ZnO has been revealed by the structural and morphological data. Presence of cobalt ions was confirmed by the Raman peaks corresponding to the Co-O-Zn vibrations and absorption peaks indicating d-d transitions in cobalt (II) ions. The single beam Z- scan technique with nano pulsed Nd-YAG laser is employed to study the nonlinear optical responses and optical limiting studies. While 5 % doped samples showed the lowest optical limiting threshold value of 18.8 GW/cm², 1 % and 3 % doped samples exhibited higher values than intrinsic ZnO. Intensity-varying nonlinear optical studies have also been performed to confirm the defects-assisted sequential two-photon absorption (2PA), which promoted the reverse saturable absorption (RSA) characteristics of the materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"323 ","pages":"Article 172213"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143183007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}