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Highly sensitive Fano resonance due to coupling between metal-insulator-metal waveguide and semi-ring resonators 金属-绝缘体-金属波导与半环形谐振器之间耦合的高灵敏度范诺谐振
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理
Optik Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172530
Zeinelabedin A. Mohamed
{"title":"Highly sensitive Fano resonance due to coupling between metal-insulator-metal waveguide and semi-ring resonators","authors":"Zeinelabedin A. Mohamed","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fano resonance with asymmetric and sharp spectral features has recently been intriguing for refractive index sensing. In this study, we demonstrate a Fano resonance sensor that employs the coupling between a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) waveguide and a semi-ring resonator. The MIM waveguide has a three-ring resonator built in the center, and high-field confinement is observed due to the coupling of the two structures. The coupled structure's transmission spectrum exhibits three Fano resonance modes that are influenced by structure geometry and the surrounding medium's refractive index. The high-quality factor (<span><math><mrow><mi>Q</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>factor</mi></mrow></math></span>) of mode 3 indicates that this sensor is suitable for use in optical sensing applications. To achieve maximum sensing performance, the parameters of the proposed structure are manipulated and different sensing parameters are computed. The sensor's estimated sensitivity of 3164.97 nm/RIU is equivalent to that of other Fano resonance sensors. Additionally, for plasmonic MIM sensors, the developed sensor achieves high values of <span><math><mrow><mi>Q</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>factor</mi></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mi>FOM</mi></math></span> of 5420.99 and 5641.57 <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>RIU</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>, respectively. The proposed high-sensitivity sensor could be an attractive choice for sensing applications because of its straightforward design and ease of fabrication. Also, the combination of very high sensitivity and FOM in a tiny and compact configuration is ideal for on-chip plasmonic nanosensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 172530"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Secure image encryption using Rubik’s Cube-based scrambling with chaos-driven diffusion and circular shifts 使用基于混沌驱动扩散和圆移位的魔方置乱的安全图像加密
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理
Optik Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172533
S. Sharmila , R.S. Bhuvaneswaran , Dhandapani Vaithiyanathan
{"title":"Secure image encryption using Rubik’s Cube-based scrambling with chaos-driven diffusion and circular shifts","authors":"S. Sharmila ,&nbsp;R.S. Bhuvaneswaran ,&nbsp;Dhandapani Vaithiyanathan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing exchange of multimedia content in the digital era demands reliable image encryption techniques to ensure data privacy and security. This paper presents an image encryption method that integrates Rubik’s Cube-inspired scrambling with a chaos-based diffusion process to provide strong security while maintaining computational efficiency. The scrambling stage is implemented using iterative modulo-two operations that determine left or right circular shifts for rows and columns, and these operations are deterministic without the involvement of chaotic sequences in controlling their direction or magnitude. In the diffusion stage, logistic-map-generated keys modify pixel intensity values through XOR operations. Comprehensive security analyses, including entropy, NPCR, UACI, correlation coefficients, SSIM, PSNR, chi-square, and NIST statistical test suite assessments, demonstrate strong cryptographic performance. The proposed method achieves an entropy value of 7.99, an NPCR greater than 0.994, and a UACI greater than 0.32, while the correlation coefficients of the encrypted images approach zero in all orientations. Histogram analysis shows a nearly uniform distribution, and low structural similarity and peak signal-to-noise ratio values confirm strong encryption with accurate decryption. This approach effectively balances implementation simplicity, security strength, and suitability for real-time hardware applications such as FPGA-based systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 172533"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Multilayer image authentication using deep search convolution for image integrity protection 基于深度搜索卷积的多层图像认证图像完整性保护
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理
Optik Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172534
Ferda Ernawan , Afrig Aminuddin , Agit Amrullah , Dhani Ariatmanto , Achraf Daoui
{"title":"Multilayer image authentication using deep search convolution for image integrity protection","authors":"Ferda Ernawan ,&nbsp;Afrig Aminuddin ,&nbsp;Agit Amrullah ,&nbsp;Dhani Ariatmanto ,&nbsp;Achraf Daoui","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A fragile image watermarking framework can be employed to ascertain any modifications that may have occurred within the image content. This manuscript introduces a deep search convolution for the localization of tampering, utilizing multiple layers of authentication alongside a chaotic map. The proposed approach generates three distinct metrics of scrambled bits through the application of a chaotic map. Each matrix corresponds in size to the cover color image. Subsequently, the watermark data is created using the parity of the seven most significant bits of the image, along with a scrambled bit, and then embedded into the least significant bit of each pixel. The findings illustrate that our scheme is capable of accurately identifying tampered regions in scenarios involving copy-move forgery, removal, additional text, noise, and collage attacks. The proposed scheme attained a remarkable tamper localization accuracy of approximately 0.9995, alongside an average computational time of about 6.5964 s, which is superior to or comparable with existing tamper detection algorithms. Furthermore, the proposed method yielded a PSNR of 51 dB and an SSIM of 0.9992.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 172534"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145105669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Propagation behavior of a modified anomalous vortex beam in fractional Fourier transform 分数阶傅里叶变换中修正反常涡旋光束的传播特性
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理
Optik Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172526
Faroq Saad , Halima Benzehoua , Salma Chib , Abdelmajid Belafhal
{"title":"Propagation behavior of a modified anomalous vortex beam in fractional Fourier transform","authors":"Faroq Saad ,&nbsp;Halima Benzehoua ,&nbsp;Salma Chib ,&nbsp;Abdelmajid Belafhal","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a new investigation into the evolution properties of a modified anomalous vortex beam (MAVB) within a fractional Fourier transform (FRFT). Analytical formulas for the MAVB as it propagates through both apertured and unapertured FRFT are derived by applying the Collins formula and expanding the hard aperture function into a finite series of Gaussian functions. Numerical simulations produce graphical representations that show the variations in intensity at the receiving plane. These illustrations indicate that initial beam parameters, such as topological charge, beam order, modification parameters, and FRFT parameters like fractional order and truncation parameter, significantly impact the beam's intensity distribution. The intensity evolution of the beam within the FRFT system demonstrates a periodic dependence on the fractional order. Our findings offer a convenient method for laser beam shaping.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 172526"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Graphene-based series-fed plasmonic antenna array optimised with metaheuristic algorithm for 6G THz communications 基于元启发式算法优化的石墨烯串联等离子体天线阵列用于6G 太赫兹通信
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理
Optik Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172514
Kalaiarasan K., Ramesh G. P.
{"title":"Graphene-based series-fed plasmonic antenna array optimised with metaheuristic algorithm for 6G THz communications","authors":"Kalaiarasan K.,&nbsp;Ramesh G. P.","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents the modelling and optimisation of a compact series-fed plasmonic antenna array operating in the terahertz (THz) frequency range from 1 THz to 1.8 THz, suitable for 6 G communication applications. The proposed antenna is designed using graphene over a polyimide substrate, taking advantage of graphene’s tunable plasmonic properties and the substrate’s mechanical flexibility. The antenna elements are configured using a single resonator structure, comprising a rhombus-shaped resonator and an octagonal resonator, connected via a central cross dipole to ensure broadband impedance matching and stable radiation characteristics. Firefly Algorithm (FFA) is employed for optimisation, improving the antenna’s performance parameters. A series-fed configuration is adopted to achieve compact integration with directional gain. The design is extended to a two-element multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system for improved data throughput. The array occupies a physical size of 125 × 28 µm, corresponding to 0.417λ × 0.093λ at 1 THz, and achieves a fractional bandwidth of 55.5 %. The realized gain of the antenna is greater than 7.8 dBi and a total efficiency above 80 % across the entire operational band. Key MIMO performance indicators—envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), diversity gain (DG), total active reflection coefficient (TARC), and channel capacity loss (CCL)—are evaluated and presented, demonstrating strong isolation and diversity performance. Simulation results confirm that the optimized antenna array, using FFA, is a promising candidate for integration into compact THz front-end modules for 6 G communication systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 172514"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144996216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Designing enhanced two-terminal tandem photovoltaic devices with AgSb2(SxSe1−x)3 absorbers 利用AgSb2(SxSe1−x)3吸收剂设计增强型双端串联光伏器件
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理
Optik Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172515
Sanghyun Lee , Kent J. Price
{"title":"Designing enhanced two-terminal tandem photovoltaic devices with AgSb2(SxSe1−x)3 absorbers","authors":"Sanghyun Lee ,&nbsp;Kent J. Price","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172515","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integrating silver (Ag) into antimony sulfide selenide Sb(S<sub><em>x</em></sub>Se<sub>1<em>−x</em></sub>)<sub>3</sub> thin films has recently highlighted their potential as efficient light-absorbing layers in thin-film solar cells. In this work, we have designed and analyzed two-terminal monolithic tandem solar cells with AgSb(S<sub>x</sub>Se<sub>1−x</sub>)<sub>3</sub> and Sb<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>. The novel tandem device is configured with a AgSb(S<sub>x</sub>Se<sub>1−x</sub>)<sub>3</sub> bottom subcell with and a top subcell with a Sb<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> photovoltaic device with different bandgaps, enabling the selective absorption of targeted photon energy. The upper absorber layer's thickness is carefully calibrated according to the sulfur concentration optimized at x<sub><em>sulfur</em></sub> = 0.2 of the AgSb(S<sub>x</sub>Se<sub>1−x</sub>)<sub>3</sub> layer to enhance the performance. The bandgap energies for the AgSb(S<sub>0<em>.</em>2</sub>Se<sub>0<em>.</em>8</sub>)<sub>3</sub> bottom and the Sb<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> top subcells are optimized at 1.19 eV and 1.7 eV, respectively. After employing spectral filtering and current matching methodologies, tandem devices demonstrate open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.63 V, short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 17.04 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, and fill factor (FF) of 62.94 %. These tandem devices could be promising candidates for future photovoltaic devices. The power conversion efficiency is 17.48 %, which shows a promising candidate for high-performing tandem solar cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 172515"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Multiplexing and demultiplexing in hexagonal plasmonic lens induced on Weyl semimetals Weyl半金属诱导六角形等离子体透镜的多路复用与解路复用
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理
Optik Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172512
Ritwik Banerjee, Tanmoy Maiti
{"title":"Multiplexing and demultiplexing in hexagonal plasmonic lens induced on Weyl semimetals","authors":"Ritwik Banerjee,&nbsp;Tanmoy Maiti","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a hexagonal plasmonic lens engraved on Weyl semimetals has been designed. The modulation of plasmonic vortices caused by plasmonic lens as a function of wavelength modulation have been demonstrated using FDTD simulations. Further, a concentric hexagonal lens having 3 rings satisfying Bragg condition has been proposed. Due to the constructive interference caused by the lens' design, the maximum intensity is greater than the single ring plasmonic lens. The number of vortices also increases according to a non-linear quadratic formula when lens radius is changed, imbibing Moore's law followed in semiconductor industry. The mathematical calculation followed by the MATLAB visualizations of the theoretically computed electrical field intensity and phase distribution corroborates quite well with the FDTD simulation results. Finally, a device scheme based on spatial light modulator is presented for information encoding by multiplexing and demultiplexing the plasmonic vortices. We also derived the electric field equations of different optical vortices of arbitrary topological order (t<sub>m</sub>), conceive different weight coefficients (a<sub>m</sub>) and positions (ρ<sub>n</sub>, θ<sub>n</sub>) in the far field emerging from hexagonal plasmonic lens. This method could significantly impact optical communication, potentially marking one of the very first deep exploration of this topic using plasmonic lenses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 172512"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144907355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A triband graphene-based linear array THz antenna for 6G IoT applications using Spotted Hyena Optimizer 一种基于石墨烯的三波段线性阵列太赫兹天线,用于6G物联网应用,使用斑点鬣狗优化器
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理
Optik Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172510
Sreekumar K.N. , Ranganathan G. , Lal Raja Singh R. , Bindhu V.
{"title":"A triband graphene-based linear array THz antenna for 6G IoT applications using Spotted Hyena Optimizer","authors":"Sreekumar K.N. ,&nbsp;Ranganathan G. ,&nbsp;Lal Raja Singh R. ,&nbsp;Bindhu V.","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172510","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172510","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a novel tri-band terahertz (THz) antenna array designed with graphene on a flexible, low-profile polyimide base, integrated with a SiO₂ layer. The antenna element comprises a hexagonal patch integrated with a cross slot and a cross loop resonator, enabling three distinct resonances at 0.252 THz (sub-THz), 0.493 THz (transition range), and 0.696 THz (THz regime). These bands are realised through geometrical evolution and strong inter-resonator coupling. The structure is optimised using the Spotted Hyena Optimizer (SHO) to achieve fractional bandwidths of 10.7 %, 8.3 %, and 8.05 %, respectively. The design is further extended into a two-element differential-fed array with an element spacing of 0.034λ at 0.252 THz, which ensures excellent isolation above 50 dB across all frequency bands. The proposed array achieves gains of 7.22 dBi, 11.106 dBi, and 11.06 dBi at the three operating bands with corresponding efficiencies of 85 %, 87 %, and 86 %, confirming its high-performance radiation capability. The estimated Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) performance shows an Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) below 0.01, apparent Diversity Gain (DG) close to 10 dB, and a low Total Active Reflection Coefficient (TARC), confirming high diversity performance. The antenna’s compact geometry, superior electromagnetic isolation, and consistent far-field patterns position it as a suitable option for 6 G IoT systems and integrated THz networks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 172510"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144923001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ultra-sharp plasmonic resonance in graphene-coated triangular arrays for high-precision sensing 用于高精度传感的石墨烯涂层三角形阵列的超尖锐等离子体共振
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理
Optik Pub Date : 2025-08-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172511
Leila Mehraban, Mojtaba Sadeghi, Zahra Adelpour
{"title":"Ultra-sharp plasmonic resonance in graphene-coated triangular arrays for high-precision sensing","authors":"Leila Mehraban,&nbsp;Mojtaba Sadeghi,&nbsp;Zahra Adelpour","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A high-performance plasmonic sensor featuring a graphene-coated triangular array is presented that achieves an exceptional combination of spectral sharpness and sensitivity. The sensor design demonstrates an ultra-narrow full width half maximum (<em>FWHM</em>) of 0.52 nm, enabled by strong plasmonic field confinement from the triangular array’s sharp vertices, suppressing radiative losses and graphene’s unique damping of plasmon decay via its high charge-carrier mobility and conductivity. The finite element method (FEM) simulations yield a record <em>Q</em>-factor of 1211 and figure of merit (<em>FOM</em>) of 769 RIU⁻<sup>¹</sup> while maintaining 400 nm/RIU sensitivity across a broad refractive index range (1.0–2.0). The optimized geometry (400 nm periodicity, 5 nm Au thickness) efficiently excites surface plasmons in the visible-NIR (400–800 nm). Graphene-enhanced charge-density oscillations, combined with the array’s field confinement, enable a resolution of 1.3 × 10⁻<sup>5</sup> RIU (at <em>SNR</em>=100), establishing this platform for sub-nanometer spectral resolution in molecular sensing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 172511"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144904064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Convergence of multi-domain hybrid dispersion compensation paradigms for ultra-high-speed optical fiber transmission in spectrally-efficient coherent communication systems 频谱高效相干通信系统中超高速光纤传输多域混合色散补偿范式的收敛性
IF 3.1 3区 物理与天体物理
Optik Pub Date : 2025-08-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172509
Noor J. Jihad, Ahmed H. Abbas, Shayma W. Nourildean, Murooj A. Abd Almuhsan
{"title":"Convergence of multi-domain hybrid dispersion compensation paradigms for ultra-high-speed optical fiber transmission in spectrally-efficient coherent communication systems","authors":"Noor J. Jihad,&nbsp;Ahmed H. Abbas,&nbsp;Shayma W. Nourildean,&nbsp;Murooj A. Abd Almuhsan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As global data traffic accelerates, the challenge of chromatic dispersion in high-speed long-haul optical fiber systems has become increasingly critical. This study explores advanced hybrid dispersion compensation techniques designed to mitigate dispersion effects and enhance transmission fidelity in 100 Gbps optical networks. A comprehensive simulation framework was implemented using Opti System and MATLAB to analyze the performance of individual and hybrid compensation methods, including Dispersion Compensating Fiber (DCF), Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG), Electronic Dispersion Compensation (EDC), and Optical Phase Conjugation (OPC). Results indicate that while DCF and FBG offer notable improvements individually, their performance is significantly enhanced when integrated with EDC. The DCF+EDC configuration achieved a Bit Error Rate (BER) of <span><math><msup><mrow><mspace></mspace><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>7</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>, while FBG and EDC further reduced BER to 5 ×<span><math><msup><mrow><mspace></mspace><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>8</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> The OPC with DCF scheme demonstrated superior performance with BER approaching 1 ×<span><math><msup><mrow><mspace></mspace><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>9</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>and a corresponding Q-factor of approximately 21 dB. Eye diagram analysis revealed substantial improvements in signal integrity, with minimal inter-symbol interference and restored pulse symmetry. These results confirm the efficacy of hybrid compensation schemes in extending transmission reach, maintaining signal quality, and supporting ultra-high-speed optical communication over long distances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 172509"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144923000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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