IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172643

Fang Guo , Longmei Luo , Xueming Zhang , Mengsi Zhang , Youji Zhan , Guofu Lian

{"title":"An automated measurement method for dendritic structures in laser cladding coatings using deep learning","authors":"Fang Guo , Longmei Luo , Xueming Zhang , Mengsi Zhang , Youji Zhan , Guofu Lian","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To enhance the efficiency of intelligent recognition of the microstructure of laser cladding coatings and optimize the evaluation methods for coating performance and quality, we introduce an image segmentation model called DendriticNet and develops an automated measurement method for the dendritic structure images of laser cladding coatings. The DendriticNet model enables precise pixel-level segmentation and recognition of three types of dendritic structures—dendritic, bulk, and equiaxed crystals—effectively overcoming the limitations of traditional metallographic recognition methods. This provides efficient and accurate technical support for the microstructural analysis of laser cladding coatings. The DendriticNet model combines transfer learning with the Res_CSP attention mechanism module, enabling accurate recognition in complex scenarios involving varying scales and overlapping dendritic structures. Additionally, it achieves qualitative characterization of dendritic microstructures at the micron scale. Experimental results demonstrate that the DendriticNet model achieves an mIoU of 80.31 %, an MPA of 88.43 %, and an accuracy of 93.01 %. By integrating the predicted images produced by the DendriticNet model with the automatic measurement method for dendritic microstructure images of laser cladding coatings, quantitative analysis is conducted to automatically calculate the density ratios of various dendritic structures. Experimental results demonstrate that the measurement accuracy for the total dendritic density ratio exceeds 96.6 %, confirming the feasibility and effectiveness of this automatic measurement method. This approach not only enables the quantitative characterization of dendritic structures at the micron scale but also offers an innovative solution for exploring the relationship between the microstructure and macroscopic performance of coatings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 172643"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145814298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-image encryption based on DCT coefficients and random vortex lattice 基于DCT系数和随机涡格的多图像加密

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2026.172666

Rahul Kumar , Sonu Kumar Rao , Naveen K. Nishchal , Ayman Alfalou

{"title":"Multi-image encryption based on DCT coefficients and random vortex lattice","authors":"Rahul Kumar , Sonu Kumar Rao , Naveen K. Nishchal , Ayman Alfalou","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2026.172666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2026.172666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The secure transmission and storage of information have become increasingly critical in this technological era. While traditional image encryption techniques, such as double random phase encoding and its variants, offer robust security for single or paired images, they face significant challenges when applied to large-scale, multi-image scenarios. The challenges include high storage and computational complexity, inefficient processing, and difficult key management. To address these limitations, this study proposes an efficient and scalable method for multi-image encryption. The approach begins by applying the discrete cosine transform to each image, followed by cropping the transformed data. The cropped images are then assembled into a composite image of the original input size to prevent spectral overlap. Additional security is achieved through the application of the Arnold transform and the use of a random array-structured phase mask, generated by the random topological charges of a vortex lattice. The proposed method significantly reduces the storage and computational overhead, simplifies key management, and maintains high encryption quality. Numerical simulations demonstrate its effectiveness, robustness against various attacks, and suitability for securing multiple images.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 172666"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Developed a new activation function for machine learning using wavelet function for Fiber Bragg Grating sensor 利用小波函数为光纤光栅传感器开发了一种新的机器学习激活函数

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2026.172667

Sunil Kumar , Ugra Mohan , Somnath Sengupta , Yogesh K.M.

{"title":"Developed a new activation function for machine learning using wavelet function for Fiber Bragg Grating sensor","authors":"Sunil Kumar , Ugra Mohan , Somnath Sengupta , Yogesh K.M.","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2026.172667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2026.172667","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The advanced wavelet-based activation function for machine-learning applications in Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors presented in this manuscript has been developed to enhance peak-detection performance. The traditional activation function is replaced with a new activation function derived from an efficient wavelet formulation. The proposed activation function demonstrates improved response characteristics, enabling more accurate peak detection when applied to machine-learning models. A deep feedforward neural network is used to develop the machine-learning training model, which is effective for this application. The goal of the proposed technique is to reduce the dependency on the optical spectrum analyser (OSA) for measuring peak wavelengths, strain, and temperature. The wavelet-based activation function is constructed as a combination of the Gaussian wavelet function and ReLU. The developed activation function for machine-learning applications exhibits high accuracy. The proposed peak-detection technique is also verified experimentally, showing good accuracy. The mean-square error is as low as 0.0012 pm for FBG-1 and 0.0015 pm for FBG-2, with the peak-area entropy measured at approximately 1 for both FBGs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 172667"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optical radiation forces on Rayleigh spheres produced by focused vortex higher-order cosine-hyperbolic-Gaussian beams 聚焦涡高阶余弦双曲高斯光束对瑞利球产生的光辐射力

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172654

Abdellah Ahlane, Salma Chib, Zoubir Hricha, Abdelmajid Belafhal

{"title":"Optical radiation forces on Rayleigh spheres produced by focused vortex higher-order cosine-hyperbolic-Gaussian beams","authors":"Abdellah Ahlane, Salma Chib, Zoubir Hricha, Abdelmajid Belafhal","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a theoretical investigation of the optical radiation forces exerted by highly focused vortex higher-order cosine-hyperbolic-Gaussian beams (vHOChGBs) on Rayleigh dielectric spheres. Analytical expressions for the focused vHOChGBs field and the resulting gradient and scattering forces are derived, explicitly revealing their dependence on key beam parameters (decentering <em>b</em>, beam order <em>N</em>, topological charge <em>m</em>), particle characteristics, and the environment medium. Numerical results show that the structured intensity profiles of vHOChGBs enable simultaneous trapping of low and high-index particles. High-index particles localize in bright focal regions, while low-index particles are confined into inter-lobe minima. Stability analysis establishes that gradient forces dominate scattering and thermal effects across parameter spaces, with beam waist ω<sub>0</sub> and topological charge <em>m</em> critically governing trapping potential depths. This parametric flexibility could allow precision assembly of micro/nanostructures and non-invasive biological specimen handling, advancing vHOChGBs as versatile tools for optical tweezers and biophotonics applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 172654"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145885495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Increasing the depth of focus in mirror optical systems using high-order aspheric coefficients 利用高阶非球面系数增加镜面光学系统的聚焦深度

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172646

Noe Vazquez-Osorio , Jorge Castro-Ramos , Alexis Vázquez-Villa , Freddy Narea-Jiménez

引用次数: 0

Generation of quantum coherence in a magnomechanical system 磁力学系统中量子相干性的产生

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172653

Mulugeta Tadesse Bedore , Tesfay Gebremariam Tesfahannes , Tewodros Yirgashewa Darge , Menisha Alemu Tufa , Abdelkader Hidki , Habtamu Dagnaw Mekonnen , Muhdin Abdo Wodedo , Philippe Djorwe

{"title":"Generation of quantum coherence in a magnomechanical system","authors":"Mulugeta Tadesse Bedore , Tesfay Gebremariam Tesfahannes , Tewodros Yirgashewa Darge , Menisha Alemu Tufa , Abdelkader Hidki , Habtamu Dagnaw Mekonnen , Muhdin Abdo Wodedo , Philippe Djorwe","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate macroscopic quantum coherence in a hybrid magnomechanical system consisting of a microwave cavity with a yttrium iron garnet (YIG) sphere coupled to an auxiliary microwave cavity. By solving the Lyapunov equation and analyzing the steady-state mean values, we use the magnetic dipole interaction between the cavity mode and the magnon mode, as well as the magnetostrictive interaction between the magnon mode and the mechanical vibrations of the YIG sphere, to generate and transfer Gaussian quantum coherence across different subsystems. Our results reveal that significant quantum coherence can be realized between various bipartitions, even at high temperatures. We identify optimal parameter regimes that enhance coherence, offering insights into the robust generation and control of quantum correlations in macroscopic systems. These findings contribute to the advancement of macroscopic quantum technologies and highlight promising directions for quantum information processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 172653"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145885497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thermal robustness of nanowire quantum correlations with rashba spin-orbit interaction and external fields rashba自旋轨道相互作用和外场下纳米线量子相关的热鲁棒性

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2026.172674

A.-B.A. Mohamed , E.K. Jaradat , S.S. Alharbi

{"title":"Thermal robustness of nanowire quantum correlations with rashba spin-orbit interaction and external fields","authors":"A.-B.A. Mohamed , E.K. Jaradat , S.S. Alharbi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2026.172674","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2026.172674","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A comprehensive theoretical investigation of quantum correlations (Bell nonlocality, EPR steering, and entanglement) in a nanowire is presented. We analyze the system’s thermal state to determine how a perpendicular magnetic field, Rashba spin-orbit (RSO) interaction, and an external electric field (EEF) interact to maintain non-classicality in the presence of thermal decoherence. Our results reveal a competition between the RSO interaction, which generates the quantum resources, and the Zeeman effect from the magnetic field, which acts to suppress them. Furthermore, a resonant revival of quantum correlations driven by the EEF is demonstrated, even in regimes of high temperature and strong magnetic fields where they are suppressed. This phenomenon originates from a cancellation of the Zeeman-induced spin alignment by the EEF’s orbital perturbation, which restores the efficacy of the RSO entanglement. Specifically, we show that tuning the electric field enables the recovery of entanglement and steering at temperatures where they are otherwise extinguished. These findings highlight a pathway for dynamic control of quantum resources in solid-state spintronic devices, relevant for quantum information applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 172674"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MAPbBr3-2D material based on ultrahigh efficiency urine glucose detection SPR sensor 基于MAPbBr3-2D材料的超高效尿糖检测SPR传感器

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172655

Alagu Vibisha G , Senthilkumar V , Priyadharsini N , Habibur Rahman S.M. , Jaroszewic Z , Rajesh K.B.

引用次数: 0

Contingent bit-pair based high capacity reversible data hiding technique in encrypted images for secure message communication 基于随机位对的加密图像高容量可逆数据隐藏技术

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172645

Sanjay Kumar , KJ Shruthikeerthi , Gurjit Singh Walia , Dhana Lakshmi MP

{"title":"Contingent bit-pair based high capacity reversible data hiding technique in encrypted images for secure message communication","authors":"Sanjay Kumar , KJ Shruthikeerthi , Gurjit Singh Walia , Dhana Lakshmi MP","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172645","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172645","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reversible Data Hiding (RDH) in the encrypted domain has gained significant attention due to its wide range of applications and the growing need for security and privacy in secure communication. However, existing methods often face challenges, including low embedding capacity, high communication overhead, security vulnerabilities, and overflow/underflow. Addressing these limitations, this paper proposes an efficient separable RDH in Encrypted Images (RDH-EI) method based on a contingent bit-pair. Embedding data at the contingent bit-pair level enhances the embedding capacity and fortifies the security and privacy of both the user message and the plain cover. The embedding process modifies the Most Significant Bits (MSBs) of interpolated pixels according to the proposed bit-pair rule set. Each encrypted cover byte can contribute up to seven bits for data embedding, enabling greater data concealment. At the receiving end, the extraction process recovers the embedded message by reconstructing it using the XOR operation and the plain cover by reversing the encryption, requiring no overhead for recovery. The proposed method is evaluated against state-of-the-art techniques, and results demonstrate significant enhancements in embedding capacity. It achieves a maximum embedding capacity of 455,175 bits at a bit rate of 1.7432 bpp, utilizing minimal execution time over BOWS2, USC-SIPI, and Kodak datasets, low distortion, and perfect reversibility, making it suitable for secure data transmission.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 172645"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145885498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Flat band fine-tuning in photonic crystals via unsupervised shape artificial intelligence 基于无监督形状人工智能的光子晶体平带微调

IF 3.1 3区物理与天体物理

Optik Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2026.172669

J.G. Cardona , H.A. Gómez-Urrea , M.E. Mora-Ramos , F.J. Caro-Lopera

引用次数: 0

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