Optics and Laser Technology最新文献

{"title":"Establishment and calibration of a spectral reduction model for argon-filled broadband echelle grating spectrometer","authors":"Chunyang Shen ,&nbsp;Yanju Ji ,&nbsp;Jicheng Cui ,&nbsp;Jiwei Zhu ,&nbsp;Hongsong Miao","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A spectral reduction model (SRM) introducing the refractive index parameter of the light transmission medium is proposed for the argon-filled high-resolution broadband echelle grating spectrometer (EGS). This model is essentially established based on a mathematical modeling method, combining the optical design parameters and the structure of the broadband EGS, and considering a new factor accounting for the variation of the refractive index of the medium inside the instrument due to the argon filling. By employing geometric optics principles to evaluate the light transmission path and imaging position, a mapping relationship between the wavelength and the coordinate position of the detector pixel is constructed to achieve accurate spectral conversion. To enhance the accuracy of the model, the SRM is further calibrated, and the key parameters of the medium refractive index, the grating incidence angle, the prism vertex angle, the grating offset angle, and the system focal length are optimized in the SRM. The obtained results reveal that in the argon-filled broadband EGS, the SRM is capable of achieving accurate conversion of spectral information, and the position deviation of the calibrated SRM is within 2 pixels, which proves the accuracy and reliability of the model. This study presents a high-precision implementation approach for the EGS in broadband spectral detection and provides ideas and directions for the design and optimization of spectrometers in similar gas environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 114044"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large-scale CFRTP-Al alloy stacks laser assisted joining with a reciprocating feed method","authors":"Fuji Wang ,&nbsp;Ziming Wang ,&nbsp;Qi Wang ,&nbsp;Chaoyang Luo ,&nbsp;Jiankang Li ,&nbsp;Gongshuo Wang ,&nbsp;Shiheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Rao Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>No-bolt joining Aluminum alloys and carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic (CFRTP) are popular topic in aerospace and automation field, in which laser fusion joining is characterized by high-quality and high-efficiency. However, high-energy laser input and material property differences often cause interface temperature difficult to control, leading to thermal defects, which become more challenging as stacks size increases. This study investigates the temperature distribution and thermal defect formation at the Al/CFRTP lap interface under laser heating, based on one-dimensional heat transfer in dissimilar materials. A laser reciprocating feed method for regulating lap interface temperature is proposed. A quantitative evaluation standard for fusion joining quality was established based on lap interface temperature characteristics. Using this standard, an empirical model was developed to optimize process parameters, providing an optimized parameter set and a fusion joining strength prediction model. Experimental results show that the optimized process parameters improve lap interface temperature uniformity by an average of 47 %, while the joint strength in high-strength zones exceeds 20 MPa, offering effective guidance for laser fusion joining of similar Al/CFRTP stack structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 114022"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital retina combined with SERS technology to capture hepatobiliary biomarkers in serum","authors":"Zelong Li ,&nbsp;Zengshan Yu ,&nbsp;Yueqi Jian ,&nbsp;Shan Guo ,&nbsp;Hao Chen ,&nbsp;Mingli Wang ,&nbsp;Guochao Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hepatobiliary diseases pose significant challenges for early clinical detection due to their subtle initial symptoms. This study combines Ag@5/Ag-Cu@20/PSS surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensors with “digital retina” technology to establish an intelligent diagnostic strategy for automatically identifying serum biomarkers. By collecting peripheral serum samples from healthy individuals and patients with hepatobiliary diseases, SERS spectra were obtained using the Ag@5/Ag-Cu@20/PSS sensor. Feature peak analysis revealed significant differences between the healthy group and the patient group in multiple SERS feature peaks, reflecting disease-related biochemical changes. After preprocessing, various deep learning models were employed for classification evaluation. The results showed that the “digital retina” framework centered on a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) achieved an accuracy of 92.34 % on the test set, with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) value of 0.9738, outperforming models such as deep neural networks (DNN), ResNet, simple convolutional neural networks (SimpleCNN), AlexNet, and Transformers. Five-fold cross-validation further validated the model’s robustness and generalization ability. This study demonstrates that the combination of SERS platforms with deep learning enables highly sensitive, non-invasive, and automated detection of serum biomarkers for hepatobiliary diseases. The “digital retina” technology holds significant potential for early diagnosis, health screening, and precision medicine management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 114040"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precision spectroscopy and frequency stabilization using a compact dual-mode operation cavity-enhanced absorption spectrometer at 1550 nm","authors":"Wen-Tao Wang ,&nbsp;Tian-Peng Hua ,&nbsp;Zi-Tan Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhi-Jian Yuan ,&nbsp;Yu R. Sun ,&nbsp;A.-W. Liu ,&nbsp;S.-M. Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of precision frequency references at 1550 nm is limited by scarce molecular transition options for fiber-optic communications and coherent LiDAR applications. We identify the 3₂₁ (101) ← 3₁₂ (000) ro-vibrational transition of HD¹⁶O at 1549.8639 nm as a metrologically viable candidate, offering complementary capabilities to existing BIPM-recommended standards. A compact dual-mode operation cavity-enhanced absorption spectrometer (30 cm × 30 cm footprint) employing spectral characterization and active locking enables precision spectroscopy and laser stabilization via differential piezoelectric transducer (PZT) feedback for cavity length control. Using wavelength-modulated cavity-enhanced saturated absorption spectroscopy with optical frequency comb calibration, we determine the absolute transition frequency to be 193,431,476,145.8(12) kHz. The system achieves 2 × 10⁻¹² frequency stability at 512 s integration time and sustains &lt;20 kHz frequency deviation over 10-hour continuous operation with a cavity leaking rate of 0.18 Pa/hour performance rivaling conventional acetylene-based references in this spectral band. This work establishes HD¹⁶O transitions as practical frequency references for field-deployable wavelength stabilization in next-generation photonic systems operating at telecom wavelengths.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 114001"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional nanofabrication of hollow wavelength-thick lenses deep inside solid-state optical crystals","authors":"Franzette Paz-Buclatin ,&nbsp;Pablo Molina ,&nbsp;Urma González-Tombolato ,&nbsp;Kei Kamada ,&nbsp;Akira Yoshikawa ,&nbsp;Leopoldo Luis Martin ,&nbsp;Airán Ródenas","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efficient light control and sensing in harsh environments using small footprint sensors require robust photonic components capable of withstanding extreme temperatures, chemical conditions, and ionizing radiation. In this work, we present a novel approach for manufacturing nanostructured diffractive hollow lens (NDHL) embedded inside highly resistant yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) laser crystals using 3D femtosecond-pulsed laser subtractive nanolithography. To ensure high precision and fidelity to the design, laser writing parameters such as the pulse repetition rate and pulse energy were optimized. This technique enables high-fidelity nanostructuring, up to 100 nm feature sizes, inside the volume of ultra-hard optical crystal, overcoming longstanding fabrication challenges. The NDHL here reported has a diffraction-limited focus, confirmed by both numerical simulations and experimental validation, obtaining a high fidelity (&gt;95 %) between simulated and experimental data. The proof-of-concept microlens has a numerical aperture <em>NA</em> of 0.49 and is embedded 10 μm inside the crystal. This work therefore demonstrates the potential for seamlessly integrating 3D nanostructured focusing elements inside key optical crystals such as YAG, and opens a path towards monolithic, ultra-compact photonic devices for extreme environment applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 114034"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined learning for augmented super-resolution imaging","authors":"Congmin Ren ,&nbsp;Tianying Pan ,&nbsp;Tianjie Yang ,&nbsp;Nan Yin ,&nbsp;Lusheng Gu ,&nbsp;Bei Liu ,&nbsp;Wei Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) is prone to reconstruction artifacts under low-light conditions. While deep learning-based strategies have been employed to restore super-resolved images, these methods often result in excessive smoothing, compromising the resolution of fine subcellular structures. Here, we present Combined Learning Augmented Super-resolution Imaging (CLASI), which employs a two-stage probabilistic diffusion model framework for super-resolution image restoration across different imaging modalities. CLASI integrates the high-fidelity restoration capabilities of supervised deep learning (SDL) models with the ultra-fine structure generation strengths of generative deep learning (GDL) models. CLASI first utilizes the SwinIR model for initial image restoration, followed by fine subcellular structure reconstruction leveraging the generative priors of a pre-trained stable diffusion model. We validated CLASI across various cellular structures and imaging modalities, demonstrating its ability to achieve resolution comparable to ground truth SIM (GT-SIM) images, even at fluorescence intensities 20 times lower than standard conditions, while preserving the authenticity of the recovered details. CLASI enabled long-term, super-resolution, multi-color imaging of light-sensitive processes in living cells, revealing the directional movement of lysosomes along microtubules, the hitchhiking remodeling mechanism of microtubules driven by lysosomal traction, and the rapid fission and fusion dynamics of mitochondria interacting with the endoplasmic reticulum.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113943"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of a high-sensitivity MTM-based multi-band micro-biosensor for early-stage non-melanoma skin cancer diagnosis in the terahertz region","authors":"Musa N. Hamza ,&nbsp;Mohammad Tariqul Islam ,&nbsp;Slawomir Koziel ,&nbsp;Iftikhar ud Din ,&nbsp;Ali Farmani ,&nbsp;Sunil Lavadiya ,&nbsp;Bruno Sanches","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) ranks among the most prevalent cancer types, primarily affecting the outer layer of the skin. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are the two primary categories of NMSC. While treatable, the efficacy of treatment largely depends on accurate diagnostics. Several methods exist for early-stage NMSC detection, including clinical examination (typically visual inspection) and skin biopsy, though the latter is invasive. Microwave imaging (MWI) has garnered significant attention in recent years as a non-invasive diagnostic technique for various cancers. MWI exploits differences in dielectric properties between healthy and malignant tissues to discriminate and categorize tumors. A subset of MWI, terahertz (THz) biosensors, particularly those operating in the low THz range (up to 10 THz), show promise for analyzing biomarkers present in body fluids. This article proposes a novel THz biosensor structure for detecting NMSC, operating within the range of 0 to 5 THz. The sensor design incorporates meticulously engineered metamaterial layers implemented in microstrip technology to precisely control absorption properties. This control is crucial for distinguishing between healthy and NMSC-affected skin. Comprehensive numerical studies validate the suitability of the proposed sensor for early NMSC detection. Specific case studies and numerical analyses of the absorption profile further illustrate the effectiveness of the device.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 114015"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive study on the influence of spatial power distribution on time-dependent keyhole behavior in laser beam welding of copper by means of high-speed synchrotron X-ray imaging","authors":"Klaus Schricker ,&nbsp;Leander Schmidt ,&nbsp;Falk Nagel ,&nbsp;Christian Diegel ,&nbsp;Hannes Friedmann ,&nbsp;Marc Seibold ,&nbsp;Peter Hellwig ,&nbsp;Fabian Fröhlich ,&nbsp;Peter Kallage ,&nbsp;Yunhui Chen ,&nbsp;Herwig Requardt ,&nbsp;Alexander Rack ,&nbsp;Jean Pierre Bergmann","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113999","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113999","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines the impact of spatial power distributions on the time-dependent keyhole behavior during laser beam welding of copper using high-speed synchrotron X-ray imaging. The experimental setup utilized a COHERENT HighLight FL8000-ARM fiber laser with concentric intensity distribution created by an optical fiber cable. The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF, beamline ID19) was used to conduct high-speed synchrotron imaging at 20,000 images per second to study the spatio-temporal keyhole behavior. Keyhole geometries were extracted through advanced image processing techniques, allowing quantification of parameters like depth, aperture, bulging, and determination of related oscillation frequencies. The results showed that core-dominated processes exhibit significant variations in keyhole geometry. In contrast, ring-dominated processes exhibited reduced penetration depths but increased melt pool dynamics due to altered absorption conditions and increased temperatures within the melt pool. A stabilized core-ring power distribution minimized fluctuations, resulting in improved process stability. The findings were summarized in a model concept describing three characteristic keyhole regimes: core-dominated, ring-dominated, and stabilized core-ring processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113999"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of Laser-Induced Plasma-Assisted Ablation for High-efficiency and High-quality Micromachining of Sapphire Substrate via Heating Target","authors":"Yilan Wu ,&nbsp;Xiangfu Liu ,&nbsp;Minghui Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sapphire (α-Al₂O₃) is widely used in high-power electronic devices. Fabricating microstructures on sapphire with high efficiency and quality remains a significant challenge. In this study, a new method is proposed to assist laser-induced plasma-assisted ablation (LIPAA) for microgrooves fabrication by heating target up to molten state and maintaining the temperature during the laser ablation. As a result, both the laser ablation threshold and the temperature differential between the irradiated and surrounding areas are significantly reduced. Laser processing parameters are optimized to increase material removal rates and decrease surface roughness. This method enables the tin target to generate a more intense plasma. The sapphire material removal rate increases by up to three times. The fabricated cross-section is clean and smooth. The sidewall roughness is reduced from 3.5 μm to 0.9 μm. The method also shows great potential for laser micromachining of other transparent materials, such as diamond, crystals, and glass.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 114023"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of preload modulation on laser weld quality of multilayer copper micro-foils and anode disk","authors":"Junzhuo Guo ,&nbsp;Haoyue Li ,&nbsp;Liqun Li ,&nbsp;Hongbo Xia ,&nbsp;Xiangbing Zeng ,&nbsp;Dingkai Yuan ,&nbsp;Lina Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In cylindrical lithium-ion batteries, high-quality welding of the stacked copper foil (full-tab structure) and the anode disc is critical. Poor welding can induce porosity and non-uniform formation, which may impair current capability or pose risks of overheating. Laser welding is the preferred choice, owing to its minimal heat input and high-speed capabilities. However, ultrathin interlayer gaps between stacked copper foils and anode disks significantly affect heat conduction during welding, yet it has received limited attention. In this study, the effect of precisely modulating the preload on the laser weld quality of multilayer copper foil stacks and anode disks and the underlying thermal transfer in the micro-gap was investigated. The weld quality was comprehensively evaluated by examining surface and cross-sectional morphology. It was found that within the preload range of 20 N to 60 N, the weld surface defects increased with higher preload, while too little preload led to incomplete penetration. Although the weld depth and width are enhanced with increasing preload, the weld cross-section exhibits lower volatility and fewer porosities at a preload of approximately 40 N. The cross-section fluctuation of the weld was reduced to 34.3 % at 40 N preload, with fewer defects of voids and pores. The weld had a lower resistance value (2.05 mΩ) and higher tensile strength (59.9 N). Theoretical analysis indicates that the ultrathin inter-foil gas gap operates in a slip-flow regime with substantial thermal resistance. The preload governed the thermal resistance of gaps, thereby directly altering thermal transfer efficiency during laser welding. Higher quality welds with greater depth and fewer defects were obtained with an optimum preload of about 40 N, whereas too small preload induced incomplete depth and excessive preloads destabilized the welding process. This research established preload optimization as an effective strategy for enhancing multi-layer copper foil welding reliability, providing novel insights for optimizing fixturing conditions in battery manufacturing processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113998"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}