Optics and Laser Technology最新文献

{"title":"The effect of laser scanning direction on the bonding properties of unidirectional CFRP","authors":"Zhan Teng ,&nbsp;Zihao Li ,&nbsp;Wenfeng Yang ,&nbsp;Yikai Yang ,&nbsp;Chenyang Zhang ,&nbsp;Rongkun Jian ,&nbsp;Chunyong Zhou ,&nbsp;Yu Cao ,&nbsp;Shaolong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Laser surface treatment presents a promising method for high-quality pretreatment of CFRP prior to adhesive bonding, owing to its advantages in precision, efficiency, and controllable processing quality. However, the complex heat transfer behavior resulting from the disparity between axial and radial thermal conductivities of carbon fibers poses significant technical challenges in achieving high-quality bonded joints. This study examines the effects of anisotropic heat transfer and thermal accumulation induced by the angle between the laser scanning path and fiber orientation, as well as by scanning speed, on the surface morphology, physicochemical properties, mechanical performance, and failure modes of laser-treated CFRP. The results reveal that optimized parameters, specifically a 45° scanning direction and a scanning speed of 3000 mm/s, effectively remove resin while preventing carbon fiber damage. This preserves the structural integrity of unidirectional CFRP and produces surface textures with distinct fiber exposure and consistent alignment. The treated surfaces exhibit improved wettability and achieve a maximum tensile shear strength of 17.25 MPa, which is 61.82% to 96.12% higher than that obtained under other processing conditions—with cohesive failure as the predominant failure mode. These findings offer new insights into the control of thermal effects during the laser processing of anisotropic materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 113199"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of using laser peening to mitigate hydrogen-induced mechanical and fatigue properties degradation in metallic alloys","authors":"Shu Huang ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Agyenim-Boateng ,&nbsp;Jie Sheng ,&nbsp;Xiangqi Lin ,&nbsp;Shuai Zhang ,&nbsp;Jinjin Wen ,&nbsp;Chaojun Zhao ,&nbsp;Qinqing Sha ,&nbsp;Sican Liu ,&nbsp;Mingliang Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112969","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112969","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although hydrogen energy has been touted as the promising clean energy solution to the escalating global energy demand, the issue of hydrogen embrittlement (HE) of metallic alloys remains a key challenge that has limited its full deployment. Surface deformation techniques have been utilized within the last two decades as HE mitigation measures, for which laser peening (LP) technology has been known to achieve great results. This review discusses the effect of LP-produced compressive residual stresses (CRS), grain refinement, and dislocations on the HE mitigation in metals by looking at the outcome of LP on hydrogen diffusivity, microhardness, tensile properties, and vibration fatigue properties of hydrogenated metallic alloys. The anti-HE mechanism of LPed metallic alloys was also discussed, and some prospective research directions on the topic were subsequently proposed. This paper can serve as a reference for researchers in the area of HE mitigation research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 112969"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parametric analysis and mechanism investigation of Laser-Induced structural colors on stacked Thin-Film metasurfaces","authors":"He Zhao ,&nbsp;Tong Xia ,&nbsp;Siyuan Cao ,&nbsp;Penglei Zhang ,&nbsp;Shengli Pan ,&nbsp;Yanrong Song ,&nbsp;Pu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The induction of red and green structural colors on titanium surfaces through laser-induced oxidation remains challenging, limiting the achievable color range within the visible spectrum. Structural colors based on surface plasmons, however, can generate a wide range of hues through the interaction of nanostructures with light. In this work, we proposed the employment of stacked thin-film metasurfaces (STFMs) composed of random nanoparticles to enhance electric fields and produce a wide color gamut, subjecting them to parametric analysis and mechanistic investigations. Electric field simulations of laser-induced STFMs reveal that the random distribution of Au<em>NPs</em> and Cu<em>NPs</em> enhances uniform local surface plasmon resonance responses. This enhancement is crucial for broadening the coverage of the reflection spectrum, enabling the generation of a diverse range of colors. We have developed a response surface methodology (RSM) model to quantitatively analyze the influence of laser parameters on the color changes of STFMs, as well as the coupling effects among these parameters. Based on this model, color prediction becomes feasible, facilitating the rapid identification of desired colors without extensive experimentation. This work demonstrates the significant potential of our method in creating a broad color gamut on metallic surfaces, which could also serve as a means of information storage for preserving and protecting traditional culture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 113209"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of Bi-level adiabatic mode converters for compact and efficient mode conversions","authors":"Baiyu Wang ,&nbsp;Zi-Ye Xiao ,&nbsp;Jiarui Zhang ,&nbsp;Yihang Yan ,&nbsp;Jin Zhang ,&nbsp;Wenxi Zhou ,&nbsp;Tu-Lu Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113193","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the optimal design of bi-level adiabatic mode converters to enhance efficient and compact mode conversion in integrated optics, particularly for applications requiring compatibility with various polarizations and mode orders. As the demand for high-capacity communication increases, conventional waveguides encounter limitations in both bandwidth and mode conversion efficiency. To address these challenges, this study designs bi-level adiabatic mode converters based on the adiabatic mode evolution mechanism, which enables efficient mode conversion. The approach integrates theoretical methods and simulations to evaluate mode conversion in a bi-level ridge waveguide and to identify potential regions of mode hybridization. By leveraging the mechanisms of adiabatic mode evolution, compact bi-level converters with optimized waveguide geometries are proposed. Specifically, four bi-level adiabatic mode converters are designed to facilitate conversion between TE- and TM-polarized waves. Results indicate that the proposed designs offer a more compact footprint compared to conventional linear configurations. Additionally, mode conversion between higher-order TE modes is achieved through the intermediate TM₁ mode; a bi-level adiabatic converter enables efficient conversion between TE₂ and TE₄ modes as well as TE₄ and TE₆ modes, achieving a power conversion efficiency of 96 % within a compact length of just 86 μm. Overall, the developed bi-level adiabatic mode converters demonstrate efficient and compact conversion between TE and TM modes, as well as between higher-order TE modes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 113193"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing and manipulation of the modes of a blue laser diode with a double-grating external cavity","authors":"Yaodan Hu,&nbsp;Zhihao Chang,&nbsp;Ping Wang,&nbsp;Cong Hu,&nbsp;Hao Peng,&nbsp;Yu Xiao,&nbsp;Xiahui Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The lateral modes in linewidth-compressed blue laser diodes are key factors affecting the laser beam quality and are essential to high-efficiency dense spectral beam combing. In this Letter, we use a self-designed high-resolution mode measurement system to study the modes of a blue laser diode coupled to a Littrow-configuration double-grating external cavity which compresses the linewidth to about 30 pm. We found that the linewidth compression leads to only one or two longitudinal mode groups, while the uncompressed spectrum contains more than ten of them. Furthermore, the excited lateral modes depend on both the azimuthal angle <em>φ</em> and the polar angle <span><math><mi>θ</mi></math></span> of the end grating. The order of the prominent lateral modes tends to decrease when the peak wavelength is tuned to the ends of the achievable wavelength range, i.e., from 439.4 nm to 448 nm, by varying <span><math><mi>φ</mi></math></span>. On the other hand, increasing <span><math><mi>θ</mi></math></span> increases the order of the dominating lateral modes, from the 1st order to the 7th order for a working current of 400 mA, and introduces asymmetry in the intensity distribution. These results provide a simple way of tuning the mode structure of a linewidth-compressed diode laser and are useful for various high-precision applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 113184"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-scale and collaborative photon processing for 3D imaging through atmospheric obscurants using an array Gm-APD LiDAR","authors":"Yinbo Zhang ,&nbsp;Qingyu Hou ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Sun ,&nbsp;Xin Zhou ,&nbsp;Boteng Zhang ,&nbsp;Jie Lu ,&nbsp;Feng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The limited statistical frames data and strong backscattering interference from atmospheric obscurants result in an ultra-low signal-to-background ratio (SBR) and photon per pixel (PPP) regime, which seriously limits the depth imaging capability of array Gm-APD LiDAR in strong scattering environments. Here, we propose a novel estimation algorithm, multi-scale and collaborative photon processing for 3D imaging algorithm (MCPPA), for depth imaging through high levels of atmospheric obscurant. It adopts a three-step strategy, including data preprocessing and guided image generation, signal extraction of spatio-temporal frequency collaborative photon processing, and image fusion output of multi-scale collaborative photon processing, to reduce the statistical frames data requirements. It has been successfully demonstrated in different attenuation lengths and atmospheric obscurants. Especially when the visibility is 1.7 km, we acquire depth image through dense fog equivalent to 1.5 attenuation lengths at distances of 1.4 km by using only 200 statistical frames data with PPP of 2.34 and SBR as low as 0.0091. This study has great potential for rapid depth imaging of dynamic targets under extreme weather conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 113147"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-situ measurements of residual heating during pulse-on-demand femtosecond laser surface microprocessing","authors":"Jaka Petelin,&nbsp;Matevž Marš,&nbsp;Jaka Mur,&nbsp;Rok Petkovšek","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Femtosecond laser processing offers highly precise structuring with minimal residual heating of materials. However, at high average powers and pulse repetition rates, heating can limit process efficiency. The pulse-on-demand laser operation regime has proven to be an optimal solution for achieving high throughput and quality in laser microstructuring, independent of the scanner’s capabilities. Here, we present in situ measurements of residual heating during femtosecond laser microstructuring. By combining experimental observations with simulations, we investigate residual heat retention in various target materials and its associated effects. A high-speed thermal camera was employed for direct process monitoring, providing spatially and temporally resolved measurements of surface temperatures during laser microstructuring. The results were quantified using finite element–based numerical simulations of the material’s transient thermal response, enabling us to assess the conversion of laser power into unwanted residual heating. Surface topography measurements further contextualize the temperature data within the framework of microprocessing performance. We compare the effects of the pulse-on-demand regime with those observed in quasi-stationary cases, addressing both scanner acceleration compensation and advanced surface shaping achieved through laser repetition rate modulation algorithms. The pulse-on-demand regime’s ability to compensate for irregular scanner movements enables faster and more precise femtosecond laser processing of brittle and heat-sensitive materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 113201"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anisotropic ablation mechanism of single crystal diamond surface in ultrafast laser processing: A molecular dynamics study","authors":"Xiansong He ,&nbsp;Rong Chen ,&nbsp;Jin Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrafast laser ablation mechanism of the single crystal diamond surface (SCD) is essential for controlling the micro-nanostructured morphology, but it has been unclear how the crystalline orientation affects the surface ablation mechanism. Hence, an improved two-temperature model is proposed in coupling molecular dynamics (MD) to perform the non-equilibrium energy conduction between diamond and ultrafast laser. The objective is to reveal the atomic-scale phase transition, surface structure evolution, and mechanical property on ultrafast laser processed SCD. Firstly, the atomic evolution of ultrafast laser ablation of SCD was studied by MD simulation. Then the ultrafast laser was performed on SCD surface. Finally, Raman spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were employed to verify MD simulation. It is shown that the diamond (1<!--> <!-->1<!--> <!-->1) and (1<!--> <!-->0<!--> <!-->0) surfaces are mainly removed by graphitization and amorphous carbon, respectively. The ablation thresholds of diamond (1<!--> <!-->1<!--> <!-->1) and (1<!--> <!-->0<!--> <!-->0) surfaces were calculated by the proposed novel MD simulation prediction method to be 2.33J·cm⁻² and 3.29 J·cm⁻² respectively, which is consistent with the experimental results. The microgroove depth on diamond (1<!--> <!-->1<!--> <!-->1) surface is greater than that on (1<!--> <!-->0<!--> <!-->0) surface with the same laser power. Moreover, the elastic modulus and tensile strength decrease significantly with the increase of ablation degree.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 113171"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controllable high-order LP mode-locked fiber laser based on superimposed acoustically induced fiber gratings","authors":"Tao Han,&nbsp;Zhengwei Zhang,&nbsp;Jiafeng Lu,&nbsp;Jiangtao Xu,&nbsp;Xiang Li,&nbsp;Fufei Pang,&nbsp;Xianglong Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-order modes exhibit intricate spatial oscillations, which facilitate more uniform and stable energy distribution within the laser cavity. In particular, high-order linearly polarized (LP) modes that demonstrate superior performance compared to random or nonlinearly polarized modes effectively mitigate mode competition and suppress noise interference. This leads to significant enhancement in both the stability and efficiency of laser output. Here, this study demonstrates, for the first time, the application of superimposed acoustically induced fiber gratings (SAIFGs) to generate higher-order LP-modes other than <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>L</mi><mi>P</mi></mrow><mn>11</mn></msub></math></span>, <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>L</mi><mi>P</mi></mrow><mn>21</mn></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>L</mi><mi>P</mi></mrow><mn>02</mn></msub></math></span>, such as <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>L</mi><mi>P</mi></mrow><mn>31</mn></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>L</mi><mi>P</mi></mrow><mn>12</mn></msub></math></span>. Over a wide dynamic range of wavelengths, the mode converter maintains excellent tunability, with the modes presenting high purity. Under dual-resonant response, LP-modes exhibit orthogonal characteristics. Furthermore, during frequency tuning between two orthogonal LP-modes, the evolution of LP-mode component weights in the hybrid modes is analyzed by using the deep learning-based stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) algorithm, which enables precise control of the mode composition. In high-energy Yb-doped fiber lasers, high-order LP-modes output can be achieved, and the temporal evolution of the pulse exhibits characteristics consistent with dissipative soliton dynamics. Additionally, we observed the hybrid modes (comprising <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>L</mi><mi>P</mi></mrow><mn>01</mn></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>L</mi><mi>P</mi></mrow><mn>11</mn></msub></math></span> components) at the few-mode fiber (FMF) end, where each component maintains the mode-locked (ML) state.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 113188"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of biomimetic bone structures controlled by vortex and Multi-Polarized femtosecond laser","authors":"Zipeng Yu ,&nbsp;Lan Jiang ,&nbsp;Baoshan Guo ,&nbsp;Guanxiang Wang ,&nbsp;Chi Zhang ,&nbsp;Huan Yao ,&nbsp;Chong Zhang ,&nbsp;Shiyi Song ,&nbsp;Zhipeng Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we present a method for fabricating biomimetic bone structures using optimized vortex light. Conventional fabrication techniques have been constrained by production rules, limiting the complexity of achievable structures. Our method leverages the phase separation bubble phenomenon that occurs in PEGDA-NIPAM precursor solutions under femtosecond laser irradiation to process bone structures. By employing vortex rotation optimized for multiple polarizations, we controlled the generation, stabilization, and rupture of bubbles, thereby repairing local defects caused by liquid-phase separation. This approach facilitates the manufacturing of submicron biomimetic bone structures, which exhibit higher structural resolution and more stable pore distribution compared to previously reported bone repair materials. This research introduces a novel method for processing micro/nano biomimetic bone structures using femtosecond laser technology, highlighting the potential of femtosecond lasers in the fabrication of complex micro/nano-scale biomimetic structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 113104"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}