Precision spectroscopy and frequency stabilization using a compact dual-mode operation cavity-enhanced absorption spectrometer at 1550 nm

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI:10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114001

Wen-Tao Wang , Tian-Peng Hua , Zi-Tan Zhang , Zhi-Jian Yuan , Yu R. Sun , A.-W. Liu , S.-M. Hu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The development of precision frequency references at 1550 nm is limited by scarce molecular transition options for fiber-optic communications and coherent LiDAR applications. We identify the 3₂₁ (101) ← 3₁₂ (000) ro-vibrational transition of HD¹⁶O at 1549.8639 nm as a metrologically viable candidate, offering complementary capabilities to existing BIPM-recommended standards. A compact dual-mode operation cavity-enhanced absorption spectrometer (30 cm × 30 cm footprint) employing spectral characterization and active locking enables precision spectroscopy and laser stabilization via differential piezoelectric transducer (PZT) feedback for cavity length control. Using wavelength-modulated cavity-enhanced saturated absorption spectroscopy with optical frequency comb calibration, we determine the absolute transition frequency to be 193,431,476,145.8(12) kHz. The system achieves 2 × 10⁻¹² frequency stability at 512 s integration time and sustains <20 kHz frequency deviation over 10-hour continuous operation with a cavity leaking rate of 0.18 Pa/hour performance rivaling conventional acetylene-based references in this spectral band. This work establishes HD¹⁶O transitions as practical frequency references for field-deployable wavelength stabilization in next-generation photonic systems operating at telecom wavelengths.

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精密光谱和频率稳定使用紧凑的双模操作腔增强吸收光谱仪在1550纳米

1550纳米精确频率参考的发展受到光纤通信和相干激光雷达应用中缺乏分子跃迁选择的限制。我们确定HD16O在1549.8639 nm处的321（101）←312（000）无振动跃迁是计量学上可行的候选，为现有的bipm推荐标准提供补充功能。紧凑的双模操作腔增强吸收光谱仪（30cm × 30cm占地面积）采用光谱表征和主动锁定，通过差分压电换能器（PZT）反馈进行腔长控制，实现精确光谱和激光稳定。利用波长调制腔增强饱和吸收光谱和光学频率梳校准，我们确定了绝对过渡频率为193,431,476,145.8(12)kHz。该系统在512秒的积分时间内实现了2 × 10−12的频率稳定性，并在10小时的连续运行中保持了20 kHz的频率偏差，在该频段内的空腔泄漏率为0.18 Pa/小时，性能可与传统的乙炔基准相媲美。这项工作建立了HD16O转换作为在电信波长下工作的下一代光子系统中现场可部署波长稳定的实用频率参考。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Optics and Laser Technology 物理-光学

CiteScore

8.50

自引率

10.00%

发文量

1060

审稿时长

3.4 months

期刊介绍： Optics & Laser Technology aims to provide a vehicle for the publication of a broad range of high quality research and review papers in those fields of scientific and engineering research appertaining to the development and application of the technology of optics and lasers. Papers describing original work in these areas are submitted to rigorous refereeing prior to acceptance for publication. The scope of Optics & Laser Technology encompasses, but is not restricted to, the following areas: •development in all types of lasers •developments in optoelectronic devices and photonics •developments in new photonics and optical concepts •developments in conventional optics, optical instruments and components •techniques of optical metrology, including interferometry and optical fibre sensors •LIDAR and other non-contact optical measurement techniques, including optical methods in heat and fluid flow •applications of lasers to materials processing, optical NDT display (including holography) and optical communication •research and development in the field of laser safety including studies of hazards resulting from the applications of lasers (laser safety, hazards of laser fume) •developments in optical computing and optical information processing •developments in new optical materials •developments in new optical characterization methods and techniques •developments in quantum optics •developments in light assisted micro and nanofabrication methods and techniques •developments in nanophotonics and biophotonics •developments in imaging processing and systems