Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Factors Relating to Tumor Size and Survival in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Significance of Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio, Portal Vein Thrombosis, and Albumin.","authors":"Rossella Donghia, Brian Irving Carr, Sezai Yilmaz","doi":"10.1159/000545636","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Maximum tumor diameter (MTD) is one of the key aggressiveness features of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the clinical associations and causes of large size HCC are not well understood. The aim was to compare small and large MTD (≤/>6 cm) HCCs with respect to clinical associations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MTD ≤/> 6 cm HCCs were compared by clinical characteristics and analyzed through logistical regression models, as well as Cox proportional hazard models for death, on clinical parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with larger HCCs had more portal vein thrombosis (PVT) and tumor multifocality, higher AST, ALKP and GGT levels and lower albumin levels. A logistic regression model of MTD (≤/>6 cm) showed the highest risk for PVT and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) >150, while albumin and female gender were protective. The combination of male gender, PLR >150, plus PVT had an odds ratio of 12.124. In Cox proportional hazard models, the highest hazard ratio for death was for PVT, and only albumin was significantly protective. PVT plus low albumin had a hazard ratio of 4.254.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PVT, albumin, PLR, and gender were significant for ≤/>6 cm MTD. PVT and albumin were significant for survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"145-155"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12353039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143811683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Social Vulnerability Index on Multiple Myeloma Mortality.","authors":"Jia Yi Tan, Boon Jian San, Tze Ern Ong, Yong Hao Yeo, Modupe Idowu","doi":"10.1159/000545459","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545459","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The incidence of multiple myeloma (MM) in the USA has been increasing over the past decades with persistent demographic disparities. Social determinants of health (SDOH) were found to affect health outcomes among certain diseases. However, there were limited data on the impact of SDOH on the MM mortality rates. Our study aimed to investigate the association between the SDOH and MM mortality rates from 2016 to 2020.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>County-level data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry Social Vulnerability Index (CDC/ATSDR SVI) were correlated with MM mortality rates from the CDC WONDER database. Counties were categorized into four quartiles based on SVI scores: SVI-Q1 (lowest vulnerability) to SVI-Q4 (highest vulnerability). Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 individuals for patients aged 25 years and above were analyzed. The rate ratio (RR) was measured by calculating the ratio of the AAMRs in SVI-Q4 to SVI-Q1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 2016 and 2020, 61,307 MM-related deaths occurred, with 20,390 in SVI-Q4 versus 8,498 in SVI-Q1. Overall, AAMR was higher in SVI-Q4 (4.90; 95% CI, 4.83-4.97) than in SVI-Q1 (4.66; 95% CI, 4.56-4.76), though the RR was not significant (1.05; 95% CI, 0.81-1.36). Higher SVI was not significantly associated with higher AAMR among males (RR: 1.03; 95% CI, 0.73-1.45) or females (RR: 1.10; 95% CI, 0.75-1.62). Among the younger patients (25-64 years old) and the older patients (65 years old and above), increasing SVI was not associated with higher AAMR (RR: 1.27 [95% CI, 0.69-2.34] and 1.01 [95% CI, 0.76-1.34], respectively). SVI was also not significantly associated with higher AAMR in the rural populations (1.07 [95% CI, 0.60-1.92]). Across racial groups - American Indians, Asians, African Americans, Hispanics, and Whites - SVI was not significantly associated with AAMR differences. Similarly, no significant differences were observed when stratified by census regions (Northeast, Midwest, South, and West).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>African Americans had higher AAMRs from MM compared to other racial groups. However, SVI scores were not significantly associated with MM mortality disparities. These findings suggest that SVI alone is insufficient to determine mortality disparities in MM. Future research should explore more specific indicators to identify at-risk populations and address mortality inequities in MM.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"176-180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Inflammatory Blood Factors during Chemoradiation Therapy in Rectal Cancer.","authors":"Hiroshi Miyakita, Takashi Ogimi, Hajime Kayano, Masaki Mori, Seiichiro Yamamoto","doi":"10.1159/000545312","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Multidisciplinary treatments for advanced rectal cancer are diverse. Neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (nCRT) is a total neoadjuvant therapy treatment option. Some studies have reported that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and inflammatory blood factors (neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio [NLR], platelet-lymphocyte ratio [PLR], and systemic immune inflammatory index [SII]) are predictors of nCRT efficacy. However, the relationship between changes in TILs and inflammatory blood factors during nCRT and the resulting tumor regression grade (TRG) remains unclear. In this study, we investigated whether changes in TILs and inflammatory blood factors during nCRT were related to TRG.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively studied 196 patients with rectal cancer who underwent curative resection after nCRT for advanced rectal cancer. Immunohistochemical staining of lymphocyte surface markers, including CD3, CD4, and CD8, was performed on biopsy specimens before and during nCRT. Inflammatory blood factors were assessed using blood samples collected before treatment and 7 days after the initiation of nCRT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Changes in CD4 levels were related to TRG. NLR, and SII during nCRT were associated with TRG. TRG tended to be better in patients with values below the cutoff. The NLR during nCRT and changes in NLR, PLR, and SII were associated with the tumor shrinkage rate. Changes in PLR were related to TRG. There was no relationship between TIL, peripheral blood changes, and recurrence rate.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It was suggested that changes in CD4+ TILs immediately after treatment initiation and changes in inflammatory blood factors during treatment may be useful for predicting the reduction rate and TRG. These changes begin early during treatment and may be useful in predicting efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"137-144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antihistamines Improve the Survival of Lung Cancer: A 10-Year Cohort Study of Tertiary Hospital in Taiwan.","authors":"Chun-Hsiang Hsu, Chiu-Fan Chen, Chun-Hao Yin, Yao-Shen Chen, Jin-Shuen Chen","doi":"10.1159/000545458","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Antihistamines (AHs) have beneficial effects as adjuvant anticancer agent in several preclinical and observational studies. We aimed to evaluate the effect of AHs on stage IV lung cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from the Cancer Registry Database provided by the Cancer Center of Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital to investigate whether AH use is associated with improved survival among patients with stage IV lung cancer. We analyzed AHs use across various patient subgroups, including sex, age, comorbidities, co-medications, smoking status, histologic type, treatment modality, and survival time. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,886 lung cancer patients were enrolled. Of them, 41 (2.1%) patients were AH users, 1,845 (97.8%) were AH nonusers before lung cancer diagnosis, and 594 (31.6%) patients were AH users, 1,292 (68.4%) were AH nonusers after lung cancer diagnosis. AH users were more to have comorbidities with hypertension (p < 0.001), diabetes mellitus (p < 0.001), allergic disease (p < 0.001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (p = 0.002), co-medications with targeted therapy (p < 0.001), and nonaspirin NSAID (p < 0.001). Pre-diagnostic AH users did not show improved survival outcomes. Post-diagnostic AH users tend to have a better OS among patients with a survival period of more than 90 days (median, 28.4 months and 15.1 months, respectively; HR: 0.49; 95% confidence interval: 0.43-0.55).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AHs use was associated with improved OS in patients with stage IV lung cancer. Further prospective studies are needed to better elucidate the role of AHs in the treatment of lung cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"103-112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statin and Immune-Related Cardiovascular Events in Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.","authors":"Junmin Song, Kuan-Yu Chi, Hyein Jeon, Yu-Cheng Chang, Nutchapon Xanthavanij, Zhiting Tang, Yu Chang, Cho-Hung Chiang, Yu-Shiuan Lin, Shuwen Lin, Xiaocao Haze Xu, Cho-Han Chiang","doi":"10.1159/000546204","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved lung cancer treatment but are associated with an increased risk of cardiotoxicity. We investigated whether statins could mitigate ICI-associated cardiovascular risks in lung cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective, propensity score-matched cohort study utilizing the TriNetX database. We identified lung cancer patients receiving ICIs between April 2013 and June 2023. We created two cohorts: statin users and non-users. The primary efficacy outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as a composite of myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and heart failure. The secondary efficacy outcomes were myocarditis and cardiac arrest. Safety outcomes were all-cause mortality and serious immune-related adverse events (irAEs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 16,650 lung cancer patients undergoing ICIs were identified, consisting of 6,812 statin users and 9,838 non-users. After propensity score matching, 4,379 patients were well-matched in baseline characteristics. Over a follow-up period of 12 months, statin use was associated with a lower risk of MACE (HR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.78-0.98), primarily driven by reductions in myocardial infarction (HR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.58-0.97) and heart failure (HR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.74-0.98). For safety outcomes, statin use was associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality (HR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.77-0.90) and did not result in an increased risk of serious irAEs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of statins in lung cancer patients with cardiovascular risk factors and without previous cardiovascular events undergoing immunotherapy was associated with a reduction in MACE and all-cause mortality without an increased risk of serious adverse events.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"319-326"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144120479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-World Comparative Analysis of Polatuzumab Vedotin-Based Polatuzumab Vedotin Combined with Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, and Prednisone versus Standard Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisone in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study.","authors":"Ziqian Wang, Chong Wei, Kai-Ni Shen, Huacong Cai, Danqing Zhao, Daobin Zhou, Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1159/000549477","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549477","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The regimen of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) remains the standard first-line treatment for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), yet many patients relapse. Polatuzumab vedotin combined with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisone (Pola-R-CHP) has shown promise in trials. This study investigates the real-world efficacy and safety of Pola-R-CHP versus R-CHOP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed 505 DLBCL patients treated at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 2011 and March 2025. Thirty-six patients received Pola-R-CHP; 36 matched R-CHOP patients were selected using 1:1 propensity score matching based on age, sex, subtype, stage, and IPI. Outcomes included interim and end-of-treatment response, overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and adverse events (AEs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Post-matching, 72 patients were included. Pola-R-CHP achieved higher interim complete response (CR) (72.2% vs. 63.9%, p = 0.035) and objective response rate (ORR) (100.0% vs. 83.3%, p = 0.011). At the end of treatment, CR was further improved (88.9% vs. 63.9%, p = 0.007), and ORR remained superior (100.0% vs. 86.1%, p = 0.020). At a median follow-up of 13.3 months (range, 1.1-141.9 months), 1 death and 2 progressions occurred in the Pola-R-CHP group compared with 9 deaths and 9 progressions in the R-CHOP group. Median OS and PFS were not reached in either cohort. At 12 months, the estimated OS was 97% for Pola-R-CHP and 94% for R-CHOP (p = 0.825), while the estimated PFS was 86% and 94%, respectively. This represented a numerical but not statistically significant difference (p = 0.457), likely reflecting the immature survival data and limited number of events at the time of analysis, rather than a true efficacy difference. Neutropenia was the most frequent AE (69.4%) and showed comparable severity between groups, while grades ≥3 AEs were numerically less frequent with Pola-R-CHP (8.3% vs. 13.9%, p = 0.453).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pola-R-CHP achieved higher interim and end-of-treatment response rates than R-CHOP with a comparable safety profile. However, survival outcomes remain immature, and given the small matched sample size (n = 72), these findings should be interpreted cautiously and confirmed in larger prospective studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"759-771"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145564671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Real-World Single-Center Cohort Study on the Tolerability of Trastuzumab Deruxtecan for HER2+ Metastatic Breast Cancer.","authors":"Ameer Basta, Kyle Lien, Weihong Sun, Junmin Whiting, Melissa Armitage, Aixa E Soyano, Avan Armaghani, Loretta Loftus, Tracey O Apos Connor, Kathrin Dvir, Hyo S Han, Hatem Soliman, Brian J Czerniecki, Ricardo L B Costa","doi":"10.1159/000547685","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547685","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The DESTINY-B01 trial led to trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) approval for human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2+) metastatic breast cancers (mBCs), with efficacy further confirmed by DESTINY-B03, demonstrating improved progression-free and overall survival versus trastuzumab emtansine. Despite its efficacy, T-DXd had notable adverse events (AEs), including interstitial lung disease, necessitating real-world studies on safety and tolerability. Findings from such studies may help guide treatment selection and inform risk-benefit discussion in routine clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A real-world cohort study evaluated the safety and tolerability of T-DXd in patients with HER2+ mBC. De-identified patient data, tumor characteristics, AEs, dose modifications, and discontinuation rates due to AEs were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between January 2020 and June 2024, 85 predominantly non-Hispanic white patients with a median age of 57 years were treated. Notably, 17.6% had an ECOG performance status of 2-3, 69.4% had 1-2 prior metastatic treatments, 94% had visceral involvement, and most received primary prophylaxis with dexamethasone and palonosetron. Approximately 29.4% initiated treatment at a reduced dose; 40% required further dose reductions, primarily due to fatigue (9.4%). Permanent discontinuation due to AEs occurred in 10.6%. Common AEs included fatigue (95.3%), alopecia (14.1%), and peripheral neuropathy (14.1%). Grade ≥3 AEs were infrequent and included neutropenia (10.6%), elevated aspartate aminotransferase (2.4%), elevated alkaline phosphatase (2.4%), and interstitial lung disease (1.2%). No grade 5 events were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>T-DXd demonstrated acceptable tolerability with manageable AEs in real-world patients with HER2+ mBC, aligning with clinical trial outcomes and supporting its continued use in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"508-517"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144784909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating MicroRNA Expression in Glioblastoma: A Promising Diagnostic Panel.","authors":"Vincenzo Macaione, Francesca Graziano, Francesca Polito, Gianluca Scalia, Laura Licitri, Marieme Khouyyi, Margherita Maria Torre, Selene Francesca Anna Drago, Alba Migliorato, Giovanni Federico Nicoletti, Salvatore Massimiliano Cardali, Domenico La Torre, M Apos Hammed Aguennouz","doi":"10.1159/000548121","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000548121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Among malignant brain tumors, glioblastoma (GB) is one of the most common. An early diagnosis would benefit the prognosis: in this regard, the search for sensitive and specific biomarkers is particularly active. In fact, liquid biopsy has been proposed by many researchers as a valid and repeatable method of studying GB. Among the biomarkers researched in blood patients, microRNAs (miRNAs) are among the most encouraging. The aim of our research was to select blood miRNAs overexpressed in GB patients to establish a reliable biomarker panel for pathology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied blood expression of 14 miRNAs in 30 subjects with GB, before and after surgery, and 30 healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistical analysis allowed us to select a panel of 3 miRNAs (miR-340-5p, miR-369-3p, miR-486-5p) that are overexpressed in GB patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results showed that simultaneous measurement of circulating miR-340-5p, miR-369-3p, and miR-486-5p represents a promising biomarker for the diagnosis and follow-up of GB patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"518-527"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145001028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and Treatment Continuity of Switching between CDK4/6 Inhibitors for Metastatic Breast Cancer due to Adverse Events: An Exploratory Single-Center Study in Japan.","authors":"Makiko Go, Michio Kimura, Shiori Yamada, Keitaro Kamei, Yoshihiro Noguchi, Eiseki Usami, Tomoaki Yoshimura","doi":"10.1159/000548801","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000548801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Palbociclib and abemaciclib, CDK4/6 inhibitors with a shared primary mechanism of action, differ in their adverse effect profiles. We encountered several cases of switching between CDK4/6 inhibitors following treatment discontinuation owing to adverse events (AEs) in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we evaluated the safety and treatment continuity of switching between palbociclib and abemaciclib for hormone receptor-positive HER2-negative metastatic or recurrent breast cancer (HR+/HER2-MBC) in patients and prescribed these agents between January 1, 2018, and August 31, 2024, at Ogaki Municipal Hospital. Patients who did not discontinue treatment owing to AEs were defined as the non-AE group (79 patients), those who switched to another CDK4/6 inhibitor after treatment discontinuation owing to AEs were defined as the AE-switch group (16 patients), and those who did not switch to another CDK4/6 inhibitor after treatment discontinuation owing to AEs were defined as the AE-stop group (13 patients).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The main AEs for which treatment was discontinued included neutropenia, interstitial lung disease, increased AST and ALT levels, gastrointestinal symptoms, and skin disorders. Switching only caused recurrent neutropenia, with no serious recurrence being observed for the other AEs. The median progression-free survival in the non-AE, AE-switch, and AE-stop groups was 392, 1,043, and 203 days (p = 0.00858), and the median overall survival was 1,598, 3,725, and 1,701 days (p = 0.269), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggest that switching following the emergence of AEs may be useful in terms of safety and treatment continuity of CDK4/6 inhibitor therapy for HR+/HER2-MBC. However, since this study was an exploratory analysis based on real-world data from a single center in Japan, further validation through large-scale, prospective, multicenter clinical trials is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"628-638"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145225696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preclinical Evaluation of ^99mTc-Labeled LHRH Analog as Cancer Receptor Imaging.","authors":"Lucía Alfaya, Ximena Camacho, Mirel Cabrera, Marcos Tassano, Eduardo Savio, Laura Reyes, Andrea Paolino, María Fernanda García, Marcelo Fernández, Juan Pablo Gambini, Pablo Cabral","doi":"10.1159/000542823","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542823","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Breast cancer is the main cause of cancer-related mortality in women in the developed world. In particular, receptors of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH or GnRH) are overexpressed in this malignant disease. The aim of this study was to develop a new molecular probe [99mTc]Tc-HYNIC-GSG-LHRH(<sc>d</sc>-Lys6)/tricine/nicotinic acid (NA) as a novel molecular imaging agent for breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>HYNIC-GSG-LHRH(D-Lys6) was acquired and radiolabeled with [99mTc]Tc. Radiochemical purity and stability under different conditions were evaluated by instant thin-layer chromatography (ITLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography. Lipophilicity was determined by the partition coefficient test. In vitro cell binding studies were performed in different human and mice breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-435, MCF-7, BT474, and 4T1) as well as in normal murine fibroblasts (NIH-3T3) and CHO-K1 as a negative control. Biodistribution studies were performed in normal Balb/c mice and 4T1 tumor-bearing Balb/c mice up to 6 h post-injection (pi). SPECT/CT images were performed in 4T1 tumor-bearing Balb/c mice up to 5 h pi.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>[99mTc]Tc-HYNIC-GSG-LHRH(<sc>d</sc>-Lys6)/tricine/NA complex was labeled with a high radiochemical purity (>98%) and remained stable for up to 4 h. It exhibited good hydrophilicity (log p = -2.82 ± 0.04) and also demonstrated significant and specific binding across all evaluated breast cancer cell lines. Biodistribution studies showed a high renal clearance and low nonspecific binding (<2% Act/g) in most organs, as well as appreciable tumor uptake (5.8 ± 0.5 % ID/g 1 h pi) and high tumor-to-muscle ratio (maximum of 30.5 ± 11.2 at 1 h pi). SPECT/CT imaging of 4T1-tumor-bearing Balb/c mice revealed results consistent with the biodistribution studies, showing a tumor-to-non-tumor ratio of greater than 3.5 at all evaluated time points. In vivo blocking studies confirmed specificity for the LHRH receptor.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>[99mTc]Tc-HYNIC-GSG-LHRH(<sc>d</sc>-Lys6)/tricine/NA complex has shown significant potential for in vivo visualization of LHRH receptors expression in breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19497,"journal":{"name":"Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"381-393"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}