Nutrients最新文献

{"title":"Exploring Nutrient-Adequate Sustainable Diet Scenarios That Are Plant-Based but Animal-Optimized.","authors":"Thom Huppertz, Luuk Blom, Lionel van Est, Stephan Peters","doi":"10.3390/nu17020343","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17020343","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Transitions toward more sustainable food systems may become rather polarized, particularly in the plant-based vs. animal-based debate. These discussions, however, are often based on environmental impact data from individual products or product groups and do not consider that the products together should form a nutrient-adequate diet that is also affordable. Linear programming approaches are ideal for exploring the impact of changes in diet composition on environmental impact and price while ensuring nutrient adequacy. <b>Methods</b>: In this study, we used a linear programming system, Optimeal 2.0, based on the diet in the Netherlands to explore the impact of changing the contributions of specific food groups on the environmental impact and price of the diet. <b>Results</b>: Reducing the amount of meat products in the diet reduced the environmental impact but increased the price. On the other hand, when dairy products were reduced or even omitted, the environmental impact of the nutrient-adequate optimized diet did not change notably, but prices increased notably. This could be attributed to the fact that the products required to compensate for the nutrient gaps by removing dairy products have equal environmental impact and higher prices. Increasing vegetable or fruit consumption increased price but did not affect the environmental impact nor did it increase the consumption of beans and pulses when kept within realistic levels. <b>Conclusions</b>: Overall, this work strongly highlights that consideration of 'sustainability' at a food product level is insufficient and that their role in nutrient-adequate diets needs to be considered. Furthermore, dietary shifts should be considered from the perspective of affordability and consumer preferences.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11767869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143040534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Food-Related Social Media and Its Relationship to Body Image and Disordered Eating.","authors":"Bethany A Roorda, Stephanie E Cassin","doi":"10.3390/nu17020342","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17020342","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Appearance-related social media, such as \"thinspiration\" and \"fitspiration\" posts, have been shown to contribute to poor body image and disordered eating. Food-related social media is becoming increasingly popular; however, far less is known about its relationship to body image and disordered eating.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The current review searched PsycNet and PubMed (Medline) for all the literature examining food-related social media and its relationship with body image and/or disordered eating outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 796 initial hits, the search identified 16 relevant studies. The study designs and types of media examined varied widely, including mukbang videos, food blogs, and \"What I Eat In A Day\" videos. Findings on the relationship between food-related social media and outcome variables were quite mixed, perhaps speaking to the wide variety of media included in the review.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The existing literature is sparce, but overall, it suggests a potential relationship between food-related social media, negative body image, and disordered eating. Additional experimental research is needed to clarify outcomes for different media types (e.g., food blogs versus mukbang videos) and to determine the direction of causality for each.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11767927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143040560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional Status of 8,128,014 Chilean and Immigrant Children and Adolescents Evaluated by the National Board of School Aid and Scholarships (JUNAEB) Between 2013 and 2023.","authors":"Edson Bustos-Arriagada, Fabián Vásquez, Karina Etchegaray-Armijo, Sandra López-Arana","doi":"10.3390/nu17020327","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17020327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Nutritional issues, including overweight and obesity, along with the rising number of immigrants facing their own nutritional problems, continue to keep Chile on alert.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the epidemiological and nutritional status changes among Chilean and immigrant boys, girls, and adolescents (BGA) in schools evaluated by the National Board of School Aid and Scholarships (JUNAEB) from 2013 to 2023.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This descriptive study analyzed individual, anonymous, and de-identified data on the nutritional status of BGA in pre-kindergarten, kindergarten, first grade, fifth grade, and the first year of high school using the JUNAEB Nutritional Map.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sample consisted of 8,128,014 BGA, 49.2% women and 50.8% men. In 2013, immigrant BGA represented 0.4% of the total number of children evaluated, and by 2023, this percentage increased to 7.9%. It was observed that Chilean BGA had a lower proportion of thinness, risk of thinness, stunting, and normal weight, but a higher proportion of overnutrition compared to immigrants, similar to observations made during the COVID-19 pandemic. Comparisons by sex showed that Chilean and immigrant women had a lower percentage of thinness, risk of thinness, obesity, severe obesity, and stunting, and a higher proportion of normal weight when compared to men.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The rise in immigrant BGA within the Chilean school system, together with the nutritional differences between both groups, highlights the need to consider these particularities when designing nutritional public policies in the health and education sectors.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11767989/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143040640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food Insecurity and Coping Mechanisms: Impact on Maternal Mental Health and Child Malnutrition.","authors":"Berna Rahi, Farah Al Mashharawi, Hana Harb, Myriam El Khoury-Malhame, Lama Mattar","doi":"10.3390/nu17020330","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17020330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Household food insecurity (HFI) is a serious public health concern in Lebanon. Adverse mental health issues have been reported among food insecure households in addition to physical and nutritional complications. Caregivers in food insecure families tend to adopt different coping mechanisms to mitigate the effects of food insecurity (FI) on their children.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This cross-sectional observational study aimed to explore the relationship between FI, maternal depression, child malnutrition, and differential coping mechanisms adopted by mothers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 219 women were enrolled in this study; FI was assessed using the household food insecurity assessment (HFIAS), maternal depression using the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9), and their children's nutritional status through recall of anthropometric measurements. Pearson's correlations and logistic regressions were performed to evaluate the associations between HFI, maternal depression, and children's nutritional status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A strong positive correlation between HFI and maternal depression (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and children's nutritional status (<i>p</i> = 0.008) was shown. Logistic regressions revealed that being food secure decreased the risk of maternal depression (OR = 0.328, 95% CI 0.125-0.863, <i>p</i> = 0.024), while it did not predict children's nutritional status. Eight main themes related to coping mechanisms were identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the understudied relationship between food insecurity and maternal depression, showing an increased prevalence of HFI among residents in Lebanon with a positive correlation with increased maternal depression. Further investigation is warranted to better explore how to mitigate the negative impact of food insecurity on mental health, maternal nutritional needs, and Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) practices in Lebanon.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11768350/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143040502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet, Advanced Maternal Age, and Neonatal Outcomes: Results from the GESTAGE Study.","authors":"Maria Puche-Juarez, Juan M Toledano, Daniel Hinojosa-Nogueira, Catalina de Paco Matallana, Javier Sánchez-Romero, Julio J Ochoa, Maria Paz Carrillo, Estefanía Martín-Álvarez, Javier Diaz-Castro, Jorge Moreno-Fernandez","doi":"10.3390/nu17020321","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17020321","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maternal nutrition during pregnancy plays a pivotal role in influencing both maternal and fetal health, impacting neonatal anthropometric outcomes and long-term disease susceptibility. An advanced maternal age (AMA ≥ 35 years) has been linked to increased risks of obstetric complications and adverse neonatal outcomes, yet its specific nutritional profile remains underexplored. <b>Background/Objectives</b>: This study aimed to evaluate the nutrient and polyphenol intakes of women at an AMA compared to those of a younger control group and to investigate associations with neonatal anthropometric measures. <b>Methods</b>: A cohort of 200 pregnant women, stratified into AMA and control groups, completed a food frequency questionnaire during the second trimester. Neonatal anthropometric data were collected at delivery. <b>Results</b>: Intakes of fiber, zinc, copper, selenium, vitamins E, B1, B3 and folate were lower in the AMA group in comparison with the control values. Negative correlations were found between fiber, vitamin A and vitamin E and the head circumference of the newborn, with fiber being identified as a potential predictor of this parameter. <b>Conclusions</b>: Despite some limitations, such as the fact that the FFQ was completed only once during pregnancy and the cross-sectional design of the study, the findings highlight notable nutritional deficiencies among AMA women, which may influence neonatal outcomes such as head circumference. These results underscore the need for nutritional guidelines and supplementation strategies tailored to pregnant women over 35 years of age.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11769228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143040507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fucoidan Oligosaccharide Supplementation Relieved Kidney Injury and Modulated Intestinal Homeostasis in D-Galactose-Exposed Rats.","authors":"Jing Shi, Yan Xu, Kening Zhang, Ying Liu, Nan Zhang, Yabin Zhang, Huaqi Zhang, Xi Liang, Meilan Xue","doi":"10.3390/nu17020325","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17020325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> A fucoidan oligosaccharide (FOS), a potent compound derived from algae, is known for its diverse biological activities, including prebiotic activity, anticancer activity, and antioxidative properties, and has demonstrated supportive therapeutic effects in treating kidney ailments. This study was conducted to explore the protective influence of FOS on kidney damage due to aging induced by D-galactose in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. <b>Methods:</b> The low-dose FOS group was administered FOS (100 mg/kg) by gavage, and the high-FOS group received FOS (200 mg/kg) by gavage. <b>Results:</b> The findings showed that FOS could effectively mitigate kidney damage and improve the pathological condition of kidney tissues caused by D-gal and enhance kidney function. Intervention with FOS significantly reduced serum creatinine, serum uric acid, and serum urea nitrogen levels, compared to the model group. The protective mechanism of FOS on D-gal-induced kidney injury may be to inhibit oxidative stress and improve impaired mitochondrial function by downregulating the AMPK/ULK1 signaling pathway. FOS could also modulate the expression of mitochondrial autophagy-related proteins (Beclin-1, P62, and LC3II/LC3I), thereby mitigate D-gal-induced excessive mitophagy in the kidney. Furthermore, FOS may protect against kidney injury by preserving intestinal homeostasis. FOS decreased serum lipopolysaccharide levels and enhanced intestinal mucosal barrier function. FOS upregulated the abundances of <i>Bacteroidota</i>, <i>Muribaculaceae</i>, and <i>Lactobacillus</i>, while it decreased the abundances of <i>Firmicutes</i>, <i>NK4A136_group</i>, and <i>Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group</i>. FOS supplementation modulated gut microbiota composition, increasing beneficial bacteria and reducing detrimental ones, potentially contributing to improved kidney function. <b>Conclusions:</b> FOS may safeguard against renal injury in D-gal-exposed rats by inhibiting kidney excessive mitophagy, preserving mitochondrial function, and regulating intestinal homeostasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11769225/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143040524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Improvement Effects of <i>Weizmannia coagulans</i> BC99 on Liver Function and Gut Microbiota of Long-Term Alcohol Drinkers: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial.","authors":"Jie Zhang, Cheng Li, Mengyao Duan, Zhen Qu, Yi Wang, Yao Dong, Ying Wu, Shuguang Fang, Shaobin Gu","doi":"10.3390/nu17020320","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17020320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>With the improvement of living standards, alcoholic liver disease caused by long-term drinking has been a common multiple disease. Probiotic interventions may help mitigate liver damage caused by alcohol intake, but the mechanisms need more investigation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study involved 70 long-term alcohol drinkers (18-65 years old, alcohol consumption ≥20 g/day, lasting for more than one year) who were randomly assigned to either the BC99 group or the placebo group. Two groups were given BC99 (3 g/day, 1 × 10¹⁰ CFU) or placebo (3 g/day) for 60 days, respectively. Before and after the intervention, blood routine indicators, liver function, renal function, inflammatory factors and intestinal flora were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that intervention with <i>Weizmannia coagulans</i> BC99 reduced the levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, glutamyl transpeptidase, serum total bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid and 'blood urea nitrogen/creatinine'. <i>Weizmannia coagulans</i> BC99 also reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6 and increased the levels of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10. The results of intestinal flora analysis showed that <i>Weizmannia coagulans</i> BC99 regulated the imbalance of intestinal flora, increased the beneficial bacteria abundance (<i>Prevotella</i>, <i>Faecalibacterium</i> and <i>Roseburia</i>) and reduced the conditionally pathogenic bacteria abundance (<i>Escherichia-Shigella</i> and <i>Klebsiella</i>). Both LEfSe analysis and random forest analysis indicated that the increase in the abundance of <i>Muribaculaceae</i> induced by BC99 was a key factor in alleviating alcohol-induced liver damage.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings demonstrate that <i>Weizmannia coagulans</i> BC99 has the potential to alleviate alcoholic liver injury and provide an effective strategy for liver protection in long-term drinkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11769147/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143040588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photoprotective Effects of Phytochemicals on Blue Light-Induced Retinal Damage: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.","authors":"Wan-Ju Yeh, Cin Yan, Chi-Hao Wu","doi":"10.3390/nu17020331","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17020331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The widespread use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) has increased blue light (BL) exposure, raising concerns about its potential adverse effects on ocular health. Prolonged exposure to BL has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various retinal disorders, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), primarily through mechanisms involving oxidative stress and inflammation mediated by the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This review synthesizes current evidence on the photoprotective properties of dietary bioactive compounds, (e.g., anthocyanins, curcumin, quercetin, myricetin, and resveratrol), with a focus on their potential to mitigate BL-induced retinal damage. Accumulating research suggests that dietary antioxidants, particularly polyphenols, may offer photoprotective benefits. These phytochemicals act by neutralizing ROS and enhancing the retina's endogenous antioxidant capacity. Based on these findings, this review advocates for a food-first approach in future investigations, emphasizing the development of evidence-based dietary recommendations to bolster retinal health and mitigate the risk of BL-related ocular diseases. Considering the current lack of empirical clinical studies examining the impact of BL on human ocular health, future research in the field of BL hazard should prioritize two key approaches: conducting large-scale epidemiological dietary surveys and implementing clinical trials on functional ingredients that have demonstrated beneficial effects against photodamage in preclinical animal studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11768023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143040644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>TAS1R2 rs35874116</i> Associations with Taste, Diet, and Health in an Italian Population.","authors":"Harry Stevens, Catherine Anna-Marie Graham, Maria Pina Concas, Francesco Piluso, Yiannis Mavrommatis, Alexandra King, Leta Pilic, Paolo Gasparini","doi":"10.3390/nu17020329","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17020329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>The <i>TAS1R2</i> SNP <i>rs35874116</i> has previously been associated with sweet taste, diet, and health status, although never comprehensively in a single study. Also, associations between <i>TAS1R2</i> and sweet taste might be body mass index (BMI)-dependent. Therefore, this study aimed to conduct a comprehensive investigation of <i>rs35874116</i> and sweet taste intensity and liking, food liking, and diet and health status whilst considering BMI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five-hundred and fifty-four participants were recruited. Linear regression models were used to explore <i>rs35874116</i> associations with sweet taste intensity and liking, food liking, and diet and health status. A secondary analysis stratified participants by BMI <25/≥25 kg/m².</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The <i>rs35874116</i> wildtype was associated with increased sweet taste intensity (<i>p</i> = 0.0345, B 1.29, SE 0.61) and liking (<i>p</i> = 0.021, B 0.25, SE 0.11). However, these associations only remained in BMI ≥25 individuals (intensity: <i>p</i> = 0.037, B 1.29, SE 0.61, liking: <i>p</i> = 0.008, B 0.46, SE 0.17). It was also associated with decreased diet quality (<i>p</i> = 0.03, B -0.27, SE 0.13) and reduced free sugar consumption but increased saturated fat consumption in BMI ≥25 individuals (free sugars: <i>p</i> = 0.0416, B -0.8, SE 0.38, saturated fat: <i>p</i> = 0.031, B 1.38, SE 0.62). There was no association with the mean liking score for sweet foods, although there were some associations with individual foods, which require further investigation. There were no associations with health status.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study revealed an association between the <i>rs35874116</i> wildtype and an increased intensity and liking of the sweet taste and a corresponding worse overall dietary quality. This study adds to previous evidence regarding how associations between <i>TAS1R2</i> and sweet taste are BMI-dependent.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11769509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143040503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Egg and Egg-Derived Cholesterol Consumption, and Their Change Trajectories, with Obesity Among Chinese Adults: Results from the China Health and Nutrition Survey.","authors":"Tianhui Tang, Binghua Chen, Jiahao Hu, Hangzhao Fan, Zilan Zhang, Tianyang Zhai, Chunxiao Li, Duolao Wang, Wanli Xue, Leilei Pei, Fangyao Chen, Baibing Mi, Yaling Zhao","doi":"10.3390/nu17020333","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17020333","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Background/Objectives:&lt;/b&gt; As a widely consumed, nutritious, and affordable food, eggs and their derivatives' impacts on obesity remain inconclusive. In this study, we aimed to determine the association between egg and egg-derived cholesterol consumption, and their change trajectories, with obesity among Chinese adults. &lt;b&gt;Methods&lt;/b&gt;: Longitudinal data collected by the China Health and Nutrition Survey from 1997 to 2015 were analyzed. The latent growth mixture model was used to identify eggs and egg-derived cholesterol consumption trajectories. Cox proportional hazard models with shared frailty were used to analyze the association between egg and egg-derived cholesterol consumption, and their change trajectories, with obesity. &lt;b&gt;Results&lt;/b&gt;: Data from 10,971 and 9483 participants aged ≥18 years old were used for the analyses of general obesity and central obesity, respectively. Compared to participants with an average egg intake of 0.1-50.0 g/d during the follow-up period, adults who never consumed eggs or those with an average egg intake of 50.1-100.0 g/d and &gt;100.0 g/d had a higher risk of general obesity, with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of 1.31 (1.08, 1.58), 1.30 (1.07, 1.60), and 1.98 (1.17, 3.35), respectively, and had a higher risk of central obesity, with HRs (95% CIs) of 1.17 (1.04, 1.31), 1.31 (1.14, 1.50), and 1.64 (1.15, 2.36), respectively. Participants with a \"Baseline Low-Significant Rising Pattern\" or a \"Baseline High-Rising then Falling Pattern\" of egg consumption trajectories during the follow-up period had a higher risk of general obesity, with HRs (95% CIs) of 1.56 (1.25, 1.93) and 1.38 (1.13, 1.69), respectively, and central obesity, with HRs (95% CIs) of 1.47 (1.29, 1.68) and 1.52 (1.34, 1.72), respectively. Compared to the second quartile (&lt;i&gt;Q&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) group of the average egg-derived cholesterol intake during the follow-up period, &lt;i&gt;Q&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Q&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;Q&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; groups had a higher risk of general obesity, with HRs (95% CIs) of 1.28 (1.06,1.54), 1.21 (1.02, 1.44), and 1.43 (1.19, 1.71), respectively, and a higher risk of central obesity, with HRs (95% CIs) of 1.20 (1.08, 1.33), 1.11 (1.01, 1.23), and 1.32 (1.19, 1.46), respectively. Participants with a \"Baseline Low-Significant Rising Pattern\" or with a \"Baseline High-Rising then Falling Pattern\" of egg-derived cholesterol consumption during the follow-up period had a higher risk of general obesity, with HRs (95% CIs) of 1.54 (1.25, 1.92) and 1.37 (1.15, 1.64), respectively, and a higher risk of central obesity, with HRs (95% CIs) of 1.46 (1.28, 1.68) and 1.47 (1.32, 1.64), respectively. &lt;b&gt;Conclusions&lt;/b&gt;: Both the insufficient and excessive intake of eggs and egg-derived cholesterol tended to be associated with a higher risk of general and central obesity. Suddenly increasing or consistently high levels of egg and egg-derived cholesterol intake seemed to be associated with a higher risk o","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11767974/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143040570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}