Nutrients最新文献

{"title":"The Antiaging Potential of Dietary Plant-Based Polyphenols: A Review on Their Role in Cellular Senescence Modulation.","authors":"Matteo Centonze, Emanuela Aloisio Caruso, Valentina De Nunzio, Miriam Cofano, Ilenia Saponara, Giuliano Pinto, Maria Notarnicola","doi":"10.3390/nu17101716","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aging is a complex biological process characterized by a progressive decline in physiological functions and an increased risk of chronic diseases. A key mechanism of this process is cellular senescence, the permanent arrest of the cell cycle in response to stress or damage, which contributes to the accumulation of dysfunctional cells in tissues. Recent research has highlighted the role of polyphenols, bioactive compounds present in numerous plant-based foods, in positively modulating these processes. Polyphenols exert antioxidant effects, regulate gene expression and improve mitochondrial function, helping to delay cellular aging and prevent age-related diseases. In addition, some polyphenols exhibit senolytic properties, selectively eliminating senescent cells and promoting tissue regeneration. This review summarizes the current evidence on the effects of polyphenols on aging and cellular senescence, exploring the underlying molecular mechanisms and discussing their potential in nutritional strategies aimed at promoting healthy aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12114605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-Term Beetroot Juice Supplementation Enhances Strength, Reduces Fatigue, and Promotes Recovery in Physically Active Individuals: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Crossover Trial.","authors":"Atef Salem, Achraf Ammar, Mohamed Kerkeni, Mohamed Ali Boujelbane, Ayse Merve Uyar, Leonard Moritz Köbel, Saranya Selvaraj, Reza Zare, Katie M Heinrich, Haitham Jahrami, Slim Tounsi, Piotr Zmijewski, Wolfgang I Schöllhorn, Khaled Trabelsi, Hamdi Chtourou","doi":"10.3390/nu17101720","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Beetroot juice (BJ), a natural source of dietary nitrate, has gained increasing attention for its potential to improve exercise performance and cardiovascular function. While its benefits are well documented in endurance contexts, less is known about its short-term effects on resistance training performance and recovery. Thus, this study investigated the effects of short-term BJ supplementation on strength performance, cardiovascular responses, muscle oxygenation, and post-exercise recovery in resistance-trained males. <b>Methods:</b> Twelve healthy men (age: 21.3 ± 1.9 years; body mass index: 21.42 ± 2.36 kg/m²) completed two supplementation protocols involving BJ, providing 450 mg of nitrate per day, and a nitrate-free placebo (PLA). Each protocol consisted of two laboratory visits, one to assess the acute ergogenic effects and another to evaluate recovery after 72 h, resulting in a total of four sessions over a two-week period. During the three consecutive days of supplementation, participants ingested a single 900 mL dose (15 g BJ powder/PLA) 2 h before the first session, followed by three daily 300 mL doses (5 g BJ each/PLA) over the next two days, and a final dose (15 g BJ powder/PLA) taken 2 h before the second session (72 h post-first session). Each testing session involved incremental back squat (BS) and bench press (BP) exercises at 60%, 70%, and 80% of the one-repetition maximum (1RM) performed to failure, with three-minute rest intervals between sets. Repetition to failure, movement velocity, peak power, peak heart rate (HR), and muscle oxygenation (SmO₂) were recorded during BP and BS exercises. Heart rate variability (HRV) and blood lactate were assessed before and after each training session. Lower-limb strength (CMJ and SJ) and delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) were assessed daily during the 3-day supplementation period. <b>Results:</b> BJ significantly increased repetitions completed at 80% 1RM during BP and BS (<i>p</i> < 0.05) compared to the PLA. Peak movement velocity improved across all intensities using BJ with higher values compared to the PLA at 60-80% 1RM (<i>p</i> < 0.05). SmO₂ was higher in BJ at 70-80% 1RM) and further improved after 72 h of BJ supplementation (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Cardiovascular strain was reduced in BJ, evidenced by lower peak HRs and smaller post-exercise declines in HRV indices (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Post-exercise recovery favored BJ, with faster recovery in jump performance at 24 h and reduced upper-limb DOMS at 24-48 h (<i>p</i> < 0.05). <b>Conclusions:</b> Short-term BJ supplementation enhances high-intensity resistance performance, improves muscle oxygenation, attenuates cardiovascular strain, and accelerates neuromuscular recovery. These benefits highlight its potential as a practical strategy for athletes seeking to optimize training performance and recovery during periods of intense resistance training.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113839/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Significance and Process of Inflammation Involving Eicosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Derivatives in Hashimoto's Disease.","authors":"Małgorzata Szczuko, Klaudia Zawadzka, Urszula Szczuko, Leon Rudak, Jakub Pobłocki","doi":"10.3390/nu17101715","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The anti-inflammatory effects of omega-3 fatty acids and their derivatives are of considerable interest as a potential therapeutic agent in many diseases characterized by inflammation. <b>Methods:</b> This study aimed to measure the concentration of mediators derived from eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) fatty acids. We included 33 women suffering from Hashimoto's disease, with an average age of 37.58 ± 8.41 kg, in the study. The levels of EPA and DHA acids were examined using gas chromatography, and their derivatives were studied with liquid chromatography (HPLC). Patients were assessed after being put on a healthy and balanced diet supplemented with omega-3 fatty acids. <b>Results:</b> The results showed statistically significant correlations between the C-reactive protein (CRP) level and derivatives: resolvins E1 and D1 (RvE1, RvD1), 10S17R DiHDHA (Protectin DX), and 18RS HEPE (18-hydro(peroxy)-eicosapentaenoic acid) following the diet. There was also a significant correlation observed between Maresin 1 and free thyroxine (fT4). Moreover, a dependency between the RvD1 level and some anthropometric parameters was observed. <b>Conclusions:</b> The findings suggest that the chronic inflammatory state occurring in the course of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is associated with increased synthesis of anti-inflammatory mediators of omega-3 fatty acids, particularly DHA derivatives. Consequently, these may affect the level of thyroid hormone synthesis, which should be considered in future research on biological drugs in Hashimoto's therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113837/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144159767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Gut Microbiome as a Key Determinant of the Heritability of Body Mass Index.","authors":"Thomas M Barber, Stefan Kabisch, Andreas F H Pfeiffer, Martin O Weickert","doi":"10.3390/nu17101713","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pathogenesis of obesity is complex and incompletely understood, with an underlying interplay between our genetic architecture and obesogenic environment. The public understanding of the development of obesity is shrouded in myths with widespread societal misconceptions. Body Mass Index (BMI) is a highly heritable trait. However, despite reports from recent genome-wide association studies, only a small proportion of the overall heritability of BMI is known to be lurking within the human genome. Other non-genetic heritable traits may contribute to BMI. The gut microbiome is an excellent candidate, implicating complex interlinks with hypothalamic control of appetite and metabolism via entero-endocrine, autonomic, and neuro-humeral pathways. The neonatal gut microbiome derived from the mother via transgenerational transmission (vaginal delivery and breastfeeding) tends to have a permanence within the gut. Conversely, non-maternally derived gut microbiota manifest mutability that responds to changes in lifestyle and diet. We should all strive to optimize our lifestyles and ensure a diet that is replete with varied and unprocessed plant-based foods to establish and nurture a healthy gut microbiome. Women of reproductive age should optimize their gut microbiome, particularly pre-conception, ante- and postnatally to enable the establishment of a healthy neonatal gut microbiome in their offspring. Finally, we should redouble our efforts to educate the populace on the pathogenesis of obesity, and the role of heritable (but modifiable) factors such as the gut microbiome. Such renewed understanding and insights would help to promote the widespread adoption of healthy lifestyles and diets, and facilitate a transition from our current dispassionate and stigmatized societal approach towards people living with obesity towards one that is epitomized by understanding, support, and compassion.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12114430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multistrain Probiotics Plus Vitamin D Improve Gut Barrier Function and Gut Microbiota Composition in Irritable Bowel Syndrome Without Constipation: Results from a Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.","authors":"Lucrezia Laterza, Cesare Cremon, Gaetano Coppola, Carlo Romano Settanni, Rossella Maresca, Martina Strazzeri, Eleonora Durini, Valentina Petito, Franco Scaldaferri, Giorgio Gargari, Diego Mora, Elnaz Vojoudi Yazdi, Chiara Marangelo, Gianluca Ianiro, Lorenza Putignani, Maria Raffaella Barbaro, Giovanni Marasco, Giovanni Barbara, Antonio Gasbarrini","doi":"10.3390/nu17101708","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The disruption of the intestinal barrier and the imbalance of the gut microbiota (GM) seem to play a major role in the complex pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Specific microbial strains could improve the gut microenvironment, promoting anti-inflammatory pathways; similarly, vitamin D supplementation could play a role in enhancing the barrier integrity and modulating the immune response in the gut. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a new multistrain probiotic, combined with vitamin D, in improving gut barrier function in IBS without constipation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this phase IIb double-blind randomized placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter, clinical trial, 35 patients were treated for 12 weeks with OttaBac^®, a high concentration multistrain probiotic plus cholecalciferol, or placebo and were followed up until week 16. Symptoms, quality of life, intestinal permeability, fecal biomarkers, and microbiota composition were evaluated at 0, 12, and 16 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean zonulin values showed a significant progressive reduction in the active group (-10.2 ng/mL at week 12, <i>p</i> = 0.0375; -19.5 ng/mL at week 16, <i>p</i> = 0.0002), with a significant difference between groups at week 16 in the per-protocol population (-19.01, <i>p</i> = 0.0053). The active group showed a more stable trend toward improvement in stool frequency and consistency at both week 12 and 16, with a significant improvement compared to the baseline and to the placebo group (-23.2, <i>p</i> = 0.0265, and 5.57 vs. -23.2, <i>p</i> = 0.0492, respectively). No differences were found in regards to the lactulose/mannitol ratio, Irritable Bowel Syndrome Severity Scoring System (IBS-SSS) and Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) total scores, plasmalemmal vesicle associated protein-1 (PV-1), and citrulline levels. In the active group, <i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> subsp. <i>lactis</i> and <i>Streptococcus thermophilus</i> levels were increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while those for <i>Lachnospira</i> were decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and significant changes in Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria were observed (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Lactate (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and acetate (<i>p</i> < 0.05) levels increased post-treatment. Correlation analysis pointed out a significant association between the microbial biomarkers and the symptoms (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Probiotic plus vitamin D could improve IBS-associated symptoms through gut microbiota modulation and gut barrier enhancement, with persistent benefits after treatment discontinuation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12114473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sweet Taste Receptors' Genetic Variability in Advanced Potential Targets of Obesity.","authors":"Sonia Wagner-Reguero, Lara P Fernández, Gonzalo Colmenarejo, Silvia Cruz-Gil, Isabel Espinosa, Susana Molina, María Carmen Crespo, Elena Aguilar-Aguilar, Helena Marcos-Pasero, Rocío de la Iglesia, Viviana Loria-Kohen, Ricardo Ramos Ruiz, Moisés Laparra-Llopis, Ana Ramírez de Molina, Marta Gómez de Cedrón","doi":"10.3390/nu17101712","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background</i>: Obesity, mainly visceral obesity, causes a low-grade of chronic inflammation (meta-inflammation), associated with comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and certain cancers. Precision Nutrition aims to understand the bidirectional crosstalk between the genome and diet to improve human health. Additionally, by leveraging individual data, Precision Nutrition seeks to predict how people will respond to specific foods or dietary patterns, with the ultimate goal of providing personalized nutritional recommendations tailored to their unique needs and lifestyle factors, including poor dietary habits (e.g., high intake of sugar or saturated fatty acids, alcohol consumption, etc.) and sedentary habits, exacerbate obesity in genetically predisposed individuals. Genetic, metabolic, and environmental factors can play a crucial role during obesity. <i>Objective</i>: To investigate the effects of genetic variability in sweet taste receptors and their downstream signaling pathways in the gut-brain axis on anthropometry, biochemistry, and lifestyle variables. <i>Methods</i>: A sample of 676 volunteers (mean age of 42.22 ± 12 years, ranging from 18 to 73 years) from the database of the GENYAL platform for nutritional trials at the IMDEA Food Institute were included in this study. We present a first-in-class genetic chip, Glucosensing, designed to interrogate 25 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in genes encoding sweet taste receptors and components of downstream signaling pathways. These include elements of the gut-brain axis and its associated metabolic networks, enabling a comprehensive analysis of individual variability in sweet taste perception and metabolic responses. <i>Results</i>: Several significant associations were found after correction for multiple comparisons, representing potential targets for personalized interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medium-Chain Triglyceride Dietary Supplements Reduce Glucose Metabolism of Gait-Related Skeletal Muscle in Older Adults: A Longitudinal ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT Analysis.","authors":"Tatsushi Mutoh, Hiroki Kataoka, Yasuko Tatewaki, Yasuyuki Taki","doi":"10.3390/nu17101707","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Dietary supplementation with medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) improves walking balance and cognitive function in healthy older adults. This study aimed to determine the biological effects of MCTs on gait-related skeletal muscles in healthy older adults by analyzing muscle density and glucose metabolism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>¹⁸F-FDG-PET/CT imaging data from 63 participants (18 g/day of MCTs and matching placebo in the form of a jelly stick [6 g each, ingested 3 times/day]) in a randomized clinical trial were analyzed. The three-dimensional regions of interest were set as muscles associated with walking balance (bilateral triceps, psoas, and vastus medialis). Each muscle's mean standardized uptake value (SUV_mean) and Hounsfield units (HU) were calculated for relative quantitative measurements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MCT supplementation for 3 months decreased the SUV_mean (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and increased the HU of the psoas (<i>r</i> = -0.61) and vastus medialis muscles (<i>r</i> = -0.59) (<i>p</i> < 0.001); no changes were apparent in participants supplemented with long-chain triglycerides. The changes in the SUV_mean for each muscle were correlated negatively with those of plasma β-hydroxybutyrate in MCT-supplemented participants (<i>r</i> = -0.57 [psoas] and -0.59 [vastus medialis]; <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A 3-month MCT supplementation suppressed glucose metabolism and increased the muscle density in gait-related skeletal muscles, consistent with previous findings that MCT supplementation stabilizes balance functions during walking in healthy older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Caffeine Supplementation on Exercise Performance in Volleyball Players: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Bin Chen, Chuanmin Zhang, Zhenghong Xu, Yiqian Li, Li Guo, Yinhang Cao, Olivier Girard","doi":"10.3390/nu17101709","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> The ergogenic effects of caffeine in team sports, particularly volleyball, have received significant research attention. This study sought to examine the effects of caffeine on both volleyball-specific and general performance outcomes. <b>Methods:</b> This systematic review comprises 11 studies, each utilizing a blinded crossover experimental design. A meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effect model to determine the standardized mean difference (SMD), estimated by Hedges' g, with a 95% confidence interval (CI). <b>Results:</b> Caffeine supplementation improved volleyball-specific outcomes, including attack and serve accuracy (SMD: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.11-0.90; <i>p</i> = 0.01). Regarding nonspecific outcomes, caffeine increased single-jump performance (SMD: 0.23; 95% CI: 0.02-0.44; <i>p</i> = 0.03), repeated-jump performance (SMD: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.05-0.96; <i>p</i> = 0.03), and handgrip strength (SMD: 0.23; 95% CI: 0.03-0.42; <i>p</i> = 0.02), while decreasing agility test completion time (SMD: -0.32; 95% CI: -0.60-0.03; <i>p</i> = 0.03). Furthermore, caffeine increased the frequency of positive game actions during simulated volleyball matches (SMD: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.26-1.43; <i>p</i> < 0.01). <b>Conclusions:</b> Caffeine supplementation enhances physical performance and volleyball-specific actions during competition, supporting its role as an effective ergogenic aid for volleyball players.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113779/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impaired Mitophagy Contributes to Pyroptosis in Sarcopenic Obesity Zebrafish Skeletal Muscle.","authors":"Xiangbin Tang, Yunyi Zou, Siyuan Yang, Zhanglin Chen, Zuoqiong Zhou, Xiyang Peng, Changfa Tang","doi":"10.3390/nu17101711","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Growing evidence suggests that the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity (SOB) is on the rise across the globe. However, the key molecular mechanisms behind this disease have not been clarified. <b>Methods:</b> In this experiment, we fed zebrafish a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks to induce sarcopenic obesity. <b>Results:</b> After a dietary trial, HFD zebrafish exhibited an obese phenotype with skeletal muscle atrophy and decreased swimming capacity. We demonstrated that mitochondrial content and function were abnormal in SOB zebrafish skeletal muscle. These results may be associated with the impairment of mitophagy regulated by the PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin (PRKN) pathway. In addition, we also found that NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)/gasdermin D (GSDMD) signaling was activated with the upregulation of NLRP3, GSDMD-NT, and mature-IL1β, which indicated that pyroptosis was induced in SOB zebrafish skeletal muscle. <b>Conclusions:</b> Our study identified that impaired mitophagy and pyroptosis were associated with the pathogenesis of SOB. These results could potentially offer novel therapeutic objectives for the treatment of sarcopenic obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12114099/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Dietary Supplements on Male Infertility in Terms of Pregnancy, Live Birth, and Sperm Parameters: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Mette Peters Michaelsen, Michelle Poulsen, Anne Ahrendt Bjerregaard, Maria Borgstrøm, Lotte Kraglund Poulsen, Maria Bach Chortsen, Sahra Gatten Henriksen, Ulrik Schiøler Kesmodel","doi":"10.3390/nu17101710","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effect of dietary supplements on male infertility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL were searched from inception to May 2024. Randomized controlled trials with treatment durations of ≥12 weeks investigating the effect of dietary supplements on male infertility compared to placebo were included. Primary outcomes were pregnancy and live birth, while secondary outcomes were sperm concentration, sperm count, total motility, progressive motility, normal morphology, and DNA Fragmentation Index. Risk of bias was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk of bias (RoB2) tool. Data were meta-analyzed using random effects-restricted maximum likelihood models. Certainty of evidence was evaluated using the grading of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 3137 articles identified, 50 were included. No effect on pregnancy and live birth was found. Different supplements improved single sperm parameters: Zinc and folic acid and ≥3 substance dietary supplements improved sperm concentration, selenium, carnitine, and coenzyme Q10 improved motility and alpha-lipoic acid improved normal morphology. Vitamin D, vitamin E, and omega-3 fatty acids showed no improvement in sperm parameters. The majority of studies had some concerns or high risk of bias, and certainty of evidence was generally low or very low.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study found no convincing evidence of an effect of any dietary supplements on male infertility. Larger and more well-conducted randomized controlled trials focusing on specific supplements and considering pregnancy outcomes are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113742/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}