Nutrients最新文献

{"title":"Association Between Diet Quality and 20-Year Heart Failure Incidence: Findings from the ATTICA Cohort Study (2002-2022).","authors":"Christina Chrysohoou, Panagiotis Iliakis, Ioana Christina Daha, Ioannis Leontsinis, Kyriaki Mavromoustakou, Evangelia Damigou, Konstantinos Konstantinou, Christos Pitsavos, Konstantinos Tsioufis, Demosthenes B Panagiotakos","doi":"10.3390/nu18193278","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18193278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Diet quality is a potentially modifiable determinant of heart failure (HF), yet evidence regarding its long-term association with HF incidence remains limited. This study examined the association between baseline diet quality and 20-year incident HF in the population-based ATTICA cohort. <b>Methods:</b> Among 3042 adults free of cardiovascular disease at baseline (2001-2002), HF status was available for 2159 participants in 2022, of whom 241 (11.2%) developed HF. Diet quality, including the relative contributions of healthy and unhealthy food groups, was assessed using the Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS), derived from a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression models were sequentially adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, education, physical activity, smoking burden, hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia. <b>Results:</b> HF incidence was 20.7%, 5.1%, and 6.6% among participants with low, intermediate, and high diet quality, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.001). In the fully adjusted analysis (n = 1973), better overall diet quality was associated with lower odds of HF (odds ratio [OR] per 1-point increment, 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.94-0.99). A greater contribution of healthy foods was also inversely associated with HF (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.93-0.98), whereas the unhealthy-food component was not independently associated with the outcome (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.96-1.13). <b>Conclusions:</b> Better diet quality, particularly greater consumption of health-promoting foods, was independently associated with lower 20-year HF incidence in a Mediterranean population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13666669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Gap Between Perceived and Objective Diet Quality in Patients with Lynch Syndrome.","authors":"Jessica Fitzpatrick, Daniel Clayton-Chubb, Sarah Melton, Douglas Tjandra, Jadon Karp, Daniel Zhu, Kate Dunbar, Gregor Brown, Alex Boussioutas","doi":"10.3390/nu18193284","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18193284","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Background and Aims&lt;/b&gt;: Lynch syndrome (LS) confers a substantially elevated lifetime risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). While enhanced endoscopic surveillance and aspirin chemoprevention are the cornerstones of management, evidence suggests modifiable lifestyle factors like diet may help mitigate or modify hereditary cancer risk. Because specific LS dietary guidelines are lacking, general CRC prevention recommendations are often substituted. Therefore, the aim of this study was to conduct a detailed and comprehensive examination of dietary habits, cancer-related dietary beliefs, and overall cancer-related worry in individuals with Lynch syndrome who attend a Gastrointestinal (GI) Risk Management Clinic. &lt;b&gt;Methods&lt;/b&gt;: A cross-sectional study was conducted using data collected between June 2025 and June 2026 from individuals with a confirmed LS diagnosis attending a tertiary Gastrointestinal Risk Management Clinic in Melbourne, Australia. Participants completed electronic questionnaires capturing demographics, clinical history, a Food Frequency Questionnaire, the 14-item Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS), and the Cancer Worry Scale (CWS). Self-reported dietary beliefs regarding the relationship between food and cancer risk were captured. Lifestyle behaviors were benchmarked against the Australian Bowel Cancer Risk Reduction Recommendations. The MEDAS was primarily analysed as a population-specific top-vs-bottom half (\"better adherence\"), and secondarily as a priori \"good\" adherence (MEDAS &gt; 7). &lt;b&gt;Results&lt;/b&gt;: A total of 94 LS patients completed the study (65% female, median age ~51). A striking paradox was observed: 73.3% of participants believed they maintained a healthy diet, yet the cohort demonstrated poor objective adherence to a Mediterranean pattern (median MEDAS: 5 [IQR 4, 7]; range 0-10), with only 14.9% achieving a \"good adherence\" score (&gt;7). Cancer worry was prevalent, with 60.9% having a CWS &gt; 13, consistent with significant worry about future cancer, with no sex-based differences. However, higher cancer worry (CWS &gt; 11: aOR 1.59, 95% CI 0.48-5.28) and a personal history of cancer (aOR 0.69, 95% CI 0.24-1.97) were not significantly associated with better dietary adherence. Aspirin use was a strong predictor of better Mediterranean diet adherence, yielding an aOR of 3.09 (95% CI: 1.10-8.68), likely reflecting improved overall engagement in health promotion. Only one participant (1.1%) met all objective bowel cancer prevention guidelines. Of the cohort, 37% intentionally restricted foods (primarily processed/red meats) and 21% intentionally included specific foods to prevent cancer; their primary information sources were doctors and the internet. &lt;b&gt;Conclusions&lt;/b&gt;: A substantial gap exists between perceived diet quality and objective adherence to evidence-based cancer prevention recommendations among individuals with Lynch syndrome. High levels of cancer-related worry and a willingness to modify dietary choices d","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13666811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sulforaphane Alleviates α-Amanitin-Induced Liver Injury by Modulating Pink1-Parkin Pathway.","authors":"Jian Sun, Yangyang Li, Zehui Li, Zhijie Liu, Zhengwang Yi, Peng Wu, Juyu Wang, Weijie Qu, Bundit Tengjaroenkul, Yi Wu, Xiaolong Gu","doi":"10.3390/nu18193282","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18193282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>α-Amanitin (α-AMA) is the primary lethal toxin found in poisonous mushrooms of the genus Amanita; accidental ingestion can lead to severe liver injury, and there is currently no specific antidote. Due to its significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity, Sulforaphane (SFN) has attracted increasing attention for its role in preventing liver injury. However, it remains unclear whether SFN can alleviate α-AMA-induced liver injury. This study aimed to elucidate the protective effects of SFN against α-AMA-induced liver injury and its potential molecular mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>The results showed that SFN significantly reduced serum ALT and AST levels in α-AMA-intoxicated mice (<i>p</i> < 0.01), alleviated pathological damage such as hepatic edema, lobular rupture, and inflammatory infiltration, reduced apoptosis, lowered MDA levels, and simultaneously increased CAT activity (<i>p</i> < 0.01). In AML-12 cells, SFN effectively reversed α-AMA-induced cellular damage (including reduced cell viability and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential). This study further found that SFN significantly upregulated the expression of Pink1 and Parkin. Furthermore, the overexpression of Pink1 significantly alleviated α-AMA-induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and apoptosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The above results indicate that SFN may alleviate α-AMA-induced liver damage by promoting the expression of Pink1 and Parkin, improving mitochondrial dysfunction, and inhibiting apoptosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13666618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid-Adjusted Vitamin E Status in Children with Chronic Liver Disease: Reclassification Patterns and Differences According to Cholestasis and Liver Transplantation.","authors":"Sorina Adam, Alina Grama, Alexandra Mititelu, Gabriel Bența, Răzvan M Cherecheș, Tudor Lucian Pop","doi":"10.3390/nu18193283","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18193283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Serum α-tocopherol depends on lipids, so absolute concentrations misclassify vitamin E status in children with chronic liver disease (CLD). The CALIPER program defined lipid-adjusted E:cholesterol (E:C) and E:triglyceride (E:TG) ratios, but their application in mixed-etiology pediatric CLD using immunoassay has not been reported.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Exploratory single-center cross-sectional study of 66 children (observed age range 4 months-17.9 years) with mixed-etiology CLD. Retinol and total vitamin E were measured by ELISA, whereas the CALIPER reference intervals applied here were established for α-tocopherol measured by HPLC; the two platforms are not interchangeable, so every classification reported is an exploratory application of those cutoffs. Vitamin E status was classified by absolute concentration, E:C (<3.7) and E:TG (<8.5). Cholestatic (<i>n</i> = 15), non-cholestatic (<i>n</i> = 45) and post-transplant (<i>n</i> = 6) groups were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Vitamin A was largely preserved (5.2% below WHO). Vitamin E was low in 45.3% by absolute concentration, 62.5% by E:C and 43.8% by E:TG. Of 35 children with a normal absolute vitamin E concentration, 11 (31.4%) were reclassified as low by E:C. Low E:C differed across groups (cholestatic 78.6%, non-cholestatic 63.6%, post-transplant 16.7%; <i>p</i> = 0.030). E:TG was inversely correlated with 25(OH)D (rho = -0.45; <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lipid-adjusted interpretation reclassified a substantial proportion of children whose absolute vitamin E concentration appeared adequate, and the prevalence of a low E:C ratio was lower among post-transplant participants than in the other two groups. In this exploratory cohort, the E:C ratio showed greater potential than the E:TG ratio for lipid-adjusted interpretation of vitamin E status; prospective validation against HPLC-based measurements and established functional indices is required before routine clinical adoption.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13666619/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Therapeutic Potential of Berry-Derived and Berry-Based Interventions in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Preclinical and Clinical Evidence.","authors":"Lucia Carmela Passacatini, Rosamaria Caminiti, Valeria Mazza, Saverio Nucera, Stefania Proietti, Francesca Oppedisano, Jessica Maiuolo, Roberta Macrì, Maria Serra, Valentina Malafoglia, Federica Marrelli, Andrea Soluri, Myriam Carpenito, Carlo Tomino, Vincenzo Mollace, Sara Ilari, Carolina Muscoli","doi":"10.3390/nu18193280","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18193280","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Berry-derived and berry-based interventions have gained increasing attention for their potential health benefits. Berries are rich in diverse bioactive compounds, including polyphenols and anthocyanins, which are associated with a broad range of biological activities, particularly antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Over the last decade, numerous studies have focused on berries, particularly those from the Ericaceae family (blueberry, cranberry and bilberry), the Solanaceae family (goji berry, &lt;i&gt;Solanum nigrum&lt;/i&gt; berries) and the Elaeocarpaceae family (maqui berry). Berries are considered among the best dietary sources of bioactive compounds (BACs). Among chronic gastrointestinal disorders, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) mainly includes Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), both chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. The multifactorial nature of IBD significantly impairs quality of life and makes disease management particularly challenging, increasing interest in complementary approaches, in addition to pharmacological treatments, such as phytotherapeutic strategies based on plant-derived bioactive compounds and, in particular, berry-derived and berry-based interventions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. Specific inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to identify relevant articles published up to July 2026. After the removal of duplicates and a thorough screening of titles, abstracts, and full texts, a total of 19 studies were included, comprising 16 studies conducted on animal models and 3 clinical studies involving patients. The 3 clinical studies corresponded to 5 publications and involved a total of 68 unique participants, as two publications were secondary analyses of the same patient cohorts. These investigations evaluated the possible effects of berry-derived and berry-based interventions in both experimental models and clinical settings.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Preclinical studies suggested potential protective effects against intestinal inflammation by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, improving epithelial barrier integrity, and restoring gut microbiota composition. The included clinical studies reported improvements in disease activity, fecal calprotectin levels, quality of life, and remission rates in patients with ulcerative colitis. Nevertheless, the available clinical evidence remains limited and heterogeneous, preventing definitive conclusions regarding clinical efficacy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The current clinical data should therefore be considered preliminary. Larger and more rigorous randomized controlled trials are needed to determine whether the biological effects observed in preclinical models translate into clinically relevant benefits in patients with IBD. Overall, preclinical evidence complements clinical findings by ","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13667136/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Gut Microbiota as a Mediator of the Metabolic Benefits of Fungi and Their Polysaccharides: A Review of Evidence Addressing Causality.","authors":"Stevan Samardžić, Dragana D Božić, Milica Drobac, Mirjana Marčetić, Jelena Arsenijević, Djordje Medarević, Zoran Maksimović","doi":"10.3390/nu18193281","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18193281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prebiotic supplementation has emerged as a promising strategy to ameliorate metabolic disorders through beneficial reshaping of the gut microbiota. Accumulating evidence suggests that fungi and their polysaccharides (e.g., those from <i>Auricularia auricula-judae</i>, <i>Boletus edulis</i>, <i>Hirsutella sinensis</i>, <i>Isaria cicadae</i>, <i>Ramaria botrytoides</i>, and <i>Wolfiporia cocos</i>) possess considerable potential in this context. The present review summarizes studies providing data relevant to the potential involvement of the gut microbiota in mediating the metabolic benefits of fungal interventions. Observed outcomes, potentially linked to the gut microbiota, included reductions in body, visceral fat, and liver weights, improved lipid and glycemic profiles, enhanced insulin sensitivity, and decreased circulating lipopolysaccharide, leptin, and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6). Upregulation of tight junction proteins in the colon implied strengthened gut barrier function. Histological analyses revealed smaller adipocytes and attenuation of hepatic steatosis. Additional effects included stimulation of white adipose tissue browning and enhanced hepatic thermogenesis. Alterations in gut microbiota composition were diverse; however, a reduction in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was commonly reported. Furthermore, oral administration of bacterial species enriched by fungal interventions, such as <i>Papillibacter cinnamivorans</i>, <i>Parabacteroides goldsteinii</i>, <i>Bacteroides intestinalis</i>, <i>Lactobacillus johnsonii</i>, and <i>Enterococcus casseliflavus</i>, reproduced the metabolic improvements, supporting their possible mediating role. Collectively, current evidence indicates that fungi and their polysaccharides may exert metabolic benefits, at least in part, through gut microbiota modulation; however, further investigation is needed to determine the extent to which the gut microbiota contributes causally to these benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13666899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Planetary Health Diet and the Gut-Liver-Brain Axis: Implications for MASLD and Cognitive Aging.","authors":"Hairong Cai, Chulin Chen, Huiling Cai, Deju Zhang, Qiuping Huang","doi":"10.3390/nu18193275","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18193275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and cognitive aging are prevalent, interrelated conditions that share gut-derived pathomechanisms. The Planetary Health Diet (PHD), a sustainable plant-forward framework proposed by the EAT-Lancet Commission, may offer dual-target benefits for hepatic and neurological health through the gut-liver-brain axis. <b>Methods</b>: A structured narrative literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus (2015-2026) was conducted to identify observational, mechanistic, and interventional studies addressing PHD adherence in relation to MASLD, cognitive aging, and gut-liver-brain axis pathways. <b>Results</b>: Epidemiological evidence from large cohorts links higher PHD adherence to lower MASLD prevalence and severity, slower cognitive decline, reduced dementia incidence, and more favorable Alzheimer's disease neuropathology. Mechanistically, PHD components may modulate gut microbiota composition and diversity, enhance short-chain fatty acid production, regulate bile acid signaling through farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and Takeda G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5), reinforce intestinal barrier integrity, and attenuate metabolic endotoxemia and neuroinflammation. <b>Conclusions</b>: Although current evidence remains predominantly observational, the PHD is a promising dietary framework for simultaneously supporting liver and brain health. Future research should prioritize randomized controlled trials integrating liver imaging, cognitive assessment, microbiome profiling, and culturally adapted dietary interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13666984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrition, Circadian Regulation, and the Gut-Melatonin-Visceral Adipose Tissue Axis: An Integrative Narrative Review.","authors":"Katarzyna Weronika Walkiewicz, Sylwia Dziegielewska-Gesiak, Małgorzata Muc-Wierzgoń","doi":"10.3390/nu18193277","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18193277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) dysfunction is a major determinant of obesity-related metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and chronic low-grade inflammation. Growing evidence indicates that VAT function is regulated by a complex interplay between nutrition, circadian rhythms, intestinal melatonin secretion, and the gut microbiota rather than by isolated metabolic pathways. The gastrointestinal tract represents an important interface between dietary exposures, microbial activity, immune signaling, and host metabolic regulation. Melatonin is a potential component of this network because it participates in circadian regulation and has been detected in gastrointestinal tissues, while experimental studies suggest that intestinal melatonin signaling may interact with gut microbial and metabolic processes. However, the cellular sources, quantitative contribution, local dynamics, and physiological significance of intestinal melatonin remain incompletely established, particularly in humans. This narrative review integrates current evidence regarding the interactions between nutrition, circadian regulation, intestinal melatonin, gut microbiota, and visceral adipose tissue. Rather than proposing a validated causal pathway, we introduce the Gut-Melatonin-Visceral Adipose Tissue (Gut-Melatonin-VAT) Axis as an integrative, hypothesis-generating conceptual framework that organizes established interactions together with candidate mechanisms requiring further experimental validation. Particular attention is given to the bidirectional relationships among dietary composition, meal timing, microbial rhythmicity, intestinal signaling, immune regulation, and VAT dysfunction. The framework may provide a basis for generating testable hypotheses concerning nutritional, chrononutritional, microbiota-targeted, and melatonin-related interventions, while recognizing that direct human evidence validating the complete pathway is currently lacking.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13666679/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hexokinase II as a Potential Target of Apigenin Through the Induction of Apoptosis and Necroptosis in Malignant Mesothelioma.","authors":"Moon-Kyun Cho, Sang-Han Lee, Hae-Seon Nam, Yoon-Jin Lee","doi":"10.3390/nu18193276","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18193276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Lactate-acclimated MSTO-211HAcT and H2452AcT malignant mesothelioma (MM) cells were previously found to tolerate gemcitabine more readily than their parental cells while remaining sensitive to apigenin. We examined whether changes in glucose metabolism and HKII contribute to the apigenin response. <b>Methods</b>: Apigenin was evaluated in monolayer and spheroid cultures and in a xenograft model; HKII was also silenced in the acclimated cells. <b>Results</b>: Apigenin reduced cell viability, p-AKT (Ser473), glycolysis-associated proteins including HKII, and mitochondrial electron transport chain proteins, while increasing p53 and markers of cell death. Tumor growth and selected metabolic proteins were reduced in the xenograft model. HKII silencing reduced cell viability and glucose utilization, lowered cellular ATP, altered mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased markers of apoptosis and necroptosis. <b>Conclusions</b>: HKII-associated metabolism contributes to survival of lactate-acclimated MM cells, and apigenin affects this metabolic phenotype. Direct targeting of HKII by apigenin and the complete mitochondrial apoptotic pathway require further study.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13666630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Milk Consumption Patterns and Gut Microbiota Composition in Healthy Adults: Insights from a Propensity Score-Matched Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Giada La Placa, Paola Gualtieri, Daniele Peluso, Daniele Marcoccia, Giuseppe Merra, Antonino De Lorenzo, Antonella Smeriglio, Domenico Trombetta, Laura Di Renzo","doi":"10.3390/nu18193272","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18193272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> Milk consumption patterns may be associated with gut microbiota composition, but observational findings can be strongly influenced by demographic and body composition differences among consumers. This observational cross-sectional study evaluated whether questionnaire-derived habitual milk consumption patterns were associated with gut microbiota composition in healthy adults by comparing non-milk consumers, bovine milk consumers, and plant-based beverage consumers. <b>Methods</b>: Baseline cross-sectional data from 265 participants were analyzed: 99 non-milk consumers, 139 bovine milk consumers, and 27 plant-based beverage consumers. Clinical, anthropometric, body composition, and microbiota data were integrated. Alpha diversity was assessed using standard diversity indices, whereas beta diversity was evaluated using Bray-Curtis distances and permutational multivariate analysis of variance. Taxon-level analyses were corrected using the false discovery rate, and pairwise propensity score matching was applied as a sensitivity analysis to evaluate the influence of measured demographic, anthropometric, and body composition imbalance. <b>Results</b>: Crude analyses showed a small beta-diversity difference between bovine milk and plant-based beverage consumers (R² = 0.0119, <i>p</i> = 0.014), alongside marked differences in age, body mass index, fat mass, and impedance-derived parameters. In matched sensitivity analyses, the crude beta-diversity difference between bovine milk consumers and plant-based beverage consumers was not reproduced in a smaller matched subset (pair-stratified PERMANOVA R² = 0.0214, <i>p</i> = 0.506). No matched comparison showed significant alpha-diversity differences, and no taxa remained significant after false-discovery-rate correction. <b>Conclusions</b>: Crude beta-diversity differences between bovine milk consumers and plant-based beverage consumers were small and were not reproduced in propensity score-matched sensitivity analyses. These findings should be interpreted cautiously because of categorical exposure assessment, residual imbalance, limited PBBC sample size, dispersion differences in crude analyses, and potential unmeasured confounding.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13667258/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}