Nutrients最新文献

{"title":"Immunomodulatory and Immunonutritional Effects of a Standardized Extract of Cultured <i>Lentinula edodes</i> Mycelia in Cancer: From Prevention to Perioperative Microenvironment Stabilization.","authors":"Richi Nakatake, Tetsuya Okuyama, Shigeki Adachi, Toru Matsu-Ura, Hiroaki Kitade, Mikio Nishizawa","doi":"10.3390/nu18162731","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18162731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A standardized extract of cultured <i>Lentinula edodes</i> mycelia (ECLM), commercially known as AHCC^®, shows anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and organ-protective properties. Experimental studies have indicated that ECLM modulates innate and adaptive immunity, including natural killer (NK) cell activity, antigen-presenting cell function, T-cell responses, and cytokine balance. These effects are particularly relevant in oncology because surgical stress and ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) generate a transient perioperative environment characterized by immune suppression, inflammation, and conditions favorable for metastatic progression. Recent animal studies have demonstrated the protective effects of ECLM in intestinal and hepatic IRI models, providing a potential mechanistic rationale for improving the perioperative host microenvironment. Clinical studies on hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, and gynecological malignancies suggest that ECLM may offer potential benefits in immune preservation, nutritional support, symptom management, and recurrence prevention, although most studies are small and hypothesis-generating. Emerging evidence from patient-derived xenograft and spontaneous carcinogenesis models further suggests that ECLM may influence tumor biology beyond host immune activation, although the underlying mechanisms require elucidation. This review summarizes the mechanistic, preclinical, translational, and clinical evidence supporting the use of ECLM as a candidate for perioperative immunonutritional strategies. We propose the hypothesis that ECLM may function as a perioperative microenvironmental stabilizer that integrates immune preservation and intestinal barrier protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13516589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148831098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a Prolonged-Release Protein Substitute on 24-h Phenylalanine and Tyrosine Profiles in Phenylketonuria: A Randomized Crossover Study.","authors":"Valentina Rovelli, Graziella Cefalo, Alice Re Dionigi, Annalisa Finizii, Sabrina Paci, Juri Zuvadelli, Giuseppe Banderali","doi":"10.3390/nu18162738","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18162738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Achieving optimal metabolic control in phenylketonuria (PKU) remains challenging, particularly in adolescents and adults. Conventional free amino acid-based protein substitutes are absorbed rapidly, whereas prolonged-release formulations are designed to provide a more gradual amino acid release profile. Whether this translates into more favorable 24 h Phe and Tyr profiles and improved short-term biochemical parameters of metabolic control remains uncertain. This study evaluated whether a prolonged-release amino acid-based protein substitute (PR-AA) could improve 24 h metabolic control compared with standard protein substitutes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized, controlled, open-label crossover study included adolescents and adults with PKU aged ≥16 years. Participants received either conventional protein substitutes (standard of care; SC) or PR-AA three times daily for two consecutive days, followed by crossover to the alternate treatment. Blood spot samples were collected at five time points over 24 h on the second day of each treatment period. The primary outcome was the 24 h blood Phe profile. Secondary outcomes included blood Tyr, Phe/Tyr ratio, and exploratory assessment of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-one patients were enrolled, of whom 16 were included in the intention-to-treat analysis and 12 in the per-protocol analysis. PR-AA treatment resulted in significantly lower mean blood Phe levels over 24 h compared with SC (522 ± 194 vs. 561 ± 165 µmol/L; p = 0.0009), corresponding to a reduction of approximately 6-7%. The effect was consistently observed throughout the 24-h assessment period, particularly during the early morning, and became detectable after only two days of treatment. PR-AA was also associated with significantly higher blood Tyr levels (approximately +18-20%; p < 0.05) and a lower Phe/Tyr ratio (approximately -20%; p < 0.001) compared with SC. Exploratory analyses demonstrated modestly lower and more stable BCAA profiles with PR-AA. No significant carryover effects or treatment-related safety concerns were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Short-term treatment with a prolonged-release protein substitute was associated with modest but consistent improvements in short-term biochemical parameters of metabolic control in adolescents and adults with PKU, including lower blood Phe and higher Tyr levels, resulting in a reduced Phe/Tyr ratio. These findings suggest that optimizing amino acid delivery kinetics may represent a promising strategy to improve short-term metabolic control in PKU. Given the preliminary nature of these findings and the limited number of participants who completed the study protocol, larger studies with longer follow-up, including direct clinical and neurocognitive outcomes and formal variability metrics, are needed to determine the clinical relevance of these biochemical effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13516870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148830242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beneficial Effects of Purified Cytoplasm of Pollen Associated with Vitamin D and Vitamin K2 on Menopausal Symptoms and Bone Health.","authors":"Anna Capozzi, Anna Fagotti, Davide Sacco, Anna Pasi, Rossella Mellino, Stefano Lello","doi":"10.3390/nu18162734","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18162734","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The menopausal transition may be accompanied by several disabling symptoms which impair quality of life. Many women cannot proceed with and/or refuse hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) and, thus, they rely on non-hormonal remedies to manage climacteric syndrome. <b>Methods:</b> This was a retrospective study analyzing the impact of a combination of Purified Cytoplasm of Pollen (PCP) with vitamin D (vitD) and vitamin K2 (vitK2) on menopausal symptoms and bone parameters in a sample of symptomatic women (Group A, <i>n</i> = 22) compared to controls (Group B, <i>n</i> = 23). <b>Results:</b> We found that blood levels of vitD (25OHD) significantly increased within Group A (<i>p</i> = 0.0004) whereas no significance was reached within Group B (<i>p</i> > 0.05) after a three-month therapy. Compared with the baseline, serum <i>C</i>-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) turned out to be significantly reduced within Group A (<i>p</i> = 0.0415) but not within Group B (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Comparing Group A and Group B, the values of CTX significantly differed after treatment (<i>p</i> = 0.0458). In comparison to the baseline, significant differences emerged within Group A for physical, psychosocial, and vasomotor domains of Menopause-Specific Quality of Life (MenQol) (<i>p</i> < 0.05) whereas no significant difference was found for the sexual domain (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Comparing Group A and Group B, significant differences were observed for all MenQol domains (<i>p</i> < 0.05), except for the sexual domain (<i>p</i> > 0.05) after therapy. <b>Conclusions:</b> Based on our findings, the combination of PCP, vitD, and vitK2 could be used for managing vasomotor and mood disturbances associated with menopause, whilst also offering the added benefit of maintaining bone health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13516513/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148829724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racial and Ethnic Differences in Dietary Intake and Metabolic Profiles Among Adults with Heart Failure, Type 2 Diabetes, and Overweight or Obesity: A Secondary Analysis of the Pro-HEART Trial.","authors":"Lorraine S Evangelista, Angelina P Nguyen, Jennifer Kawi, Rebecca Meraz, Kelly L Wierenga, Alona D Angosta, Michele A Hamilton, Gregg C Fonarow","doi":"10.3390/nu18162737","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18162737","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Racial and ethnic disparities in heart failure (HF) outcomes are well documented, but little is known about dietary intake and metabolic profiles among individuals with chronic HF and overweight or obesity. This exploratory secondary analysis of baseline data from the Pro-HEART randomized trial compared dietary intake and laboratory biomarkers across racial and ethnic groups. <b>Methods:</b> This secondary analysis used baseline data from the Pro-HEART randomized clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01423266). Baseline data from 92 adults with chronic HF, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), and overweight or obesity were analyzed. Participants self-identified as White (<i>n</i> = 49), Asian/Other (<i>n</i> = 17), Hispanic (<i>n</i> = 14), or Black (<i>n</i> = 12). Dietary intake was assessed using 3-day food records, which were analyzed with the Nutrition Data System for Research. Selected biomarkers included lipid measures, fasting glucose, hemoglobin A1c, albumin, total protein, and creatinine. Group differences were evaluated using one-way analysis of variance and chi-square or Fisher's exact tests, as appropriate. Because multiple outcomes were examined without a prespecified primary endpoint, <i>p</i>-values were not adjusted for multiplicity and are reported as descriptive. <b>Results:</b> Participants had a mean age of 58.5 ± 9.7 years, were predominantly male (69.6%), married (64.0%), and had New York Heart Association Class II HF (75.0%). Mean age differed across groups (omnibus <i>p</i> = 0.046); no pairwise contrast remained significant after Bonferroni adjustment. No statistically significant between-group differences were identified in the available data for body mass index, waist circumference, left ventricular ejection fraction, dietary intake, or laboratory biomarkers (all <i>p</i> > 0.05); however, the small subgroup sizes and substantial missing dietary data limited the precision of these comparisons. <b>Conclusions:</b> In this exploratory cohort of adults with chronic HF, type 2 DM, and overweight or obesity, no statistically significant racial or ethnic differences were identified in the dietary and laboratory measures examined. However, the small subgroup sizes and substantial missing dietary data limit the precision of these findings, and smaller or clinically meaningful differences cannot be excluded. Larger studies with more complete dietary data are needed to better characterize potential racial and ethnic differences in nutrition and metabolic health in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13516202/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148830597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of N-PEP-12 Supplementation on Attentional Performance and Mental Wellbeing in Healthy Adults with Subjective Cognitive Complaints: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.","authors":"Diana Chira, Nicoleta Jemna, Olivia Verișezan-Roșu, Ana-Maria Buruiană, Ștefan Strilciuc, Vlad-Florin Chelaru, Simona Pârvu, Dafin Fior Mureșanu","doi":"10.3390/nu18162739","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18162739","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Subjective cognitive complaints (SCCs) are common in middle-aged and older adults and may reflect early cognitive changes, alongside alterations in stress, mood, sleep, and quality of life. N-PEP-12 is a peptide-based nutritional supplement with potential neuroprotective effects, but evidence of its benefits in healthy adults with SCCs remains limited. <b>Objective</b>: To evaluate the effects of N-PEP-12 supplementation on attention, cognitive function, and mental wellbeing in healthy middle-aged and older adults with SCCs. <b>Methods</b>: In this prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 276 participants aged 50-75 years with SCCs and no clinically significant cognitive impairment were randomized to placebo, N-PEP-12 45 mg, or N-PEP-12 90 mg. Assessments were performed at baseline and after 30, 90, and 180 days. Primary outcomes included Test of Attentional Performance measures. Secondary outcomes included WAIS-IV Digit Span Forward and Backward, perceived stress, mood, sleep quality, and EQ-5D-5L visual analog scale. <b>Results</b>: Across the three primary attention outcomes analyzed jointly in a multivariate repeated-measures model, there was a significant group-by-visit interaction (<i>p</i> = 0.003) and a significant effect of visit (<i>p</i> < 0.001), without a significant main effect of treatment arm (<i>p</i> = 0.133), indicating a time-dependent treatment effect. This result was obtained in a sensitivity analysis population in which missing values were imputed under assumptions least favorable to the active arms. In exploratory endpoint-specific comparisons at 90 days, both N-PEP-12 groups showed greater improvements than placebo in alertness, attention omissions and memory omissions, and Digit Span Forward and Backward scores also improved. In a subsequent uncontrolled extension phase, in which all participants received active treatment, participants initially assigned to placebo showed comparable improvements after switching to N-PEP-12 90 mg. These observations are exploratory. Adverse events were infrequent and similarly distributed across groups. <b>Conclusions</b>: N-PEP-12 supplementation was associated with improvements in attention, working memory, and mental wellbeing in healthy middle-aged and older adults with subjective cognitive complaints. These findings support further investigation of N-PEP-12 as a nutritional intervention for early subjective cognitive changes associated with aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13516771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148831096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topical Magnesium Orotate Lipogel in Kidney Transplant Recipients with Persistent Hypomagnesemia: Formulation Development and Pilot Clinical Study.","authors":"Corina Moisa, Florin Bănică, Ioana Adela Rațiu, Octavia Gligor, Laura Grațiela Vicaș, Cristian Adrian Rațiu, Mădălin Florin Ganea, Csaba Nagy, Anamaria Ratiu, Edy Hagi Islai, Mariana Ganea","doi":"10.3390/nu18162740","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18162740","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: In solid-organ transplant recipients, hypomagnesemia is a frequent and persistent complication, predominantly related to long-term use of calcineurin inhibitors. Oral magnesium supplementation is often ineffective due to poor adherence, gastrointestinal adverse effects, and high treatment costs. <b>Objectives</b>: This pilot study aimed to (i) develop a topical magnesium formulation for use in renal transplant recipients with persistent hypomagnesemia; (ii) evaluate the influence of formulation excipients on magnesium release from pharmaceutical preparations; and (iii) preliminarily assess the clinical outcomes, functional parameters, patient satisfaction, and tolerability associated with topical magnesium lipogel use in renal transplant recipients with persistent hypomagnesemia. <b>Materials and Methods</b>: Three lipogel formulations containing magnesium orotate, citrate, or sulfate were prepared and characterized in terms of organoleptic properties, pH, colloidal stability, and rheological behavior. In vitro magnesium release was evaluated using Franz diffusion cells. The formulation demonstrating the most favorable release profile, magnesium orotate lipogel, was administered twice daily for two months to 21 renal transplant recipients with persistent hypomagnesemia who had shown inadequate response, intolerance, or non-adherence to oral magnesium supplementation. Laboratory parameters were assessed at baseline and after treatment. Patient satisfaction was evaluated using the Lübeck questionnaire, while physical activity and exercise capacity were assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and metabolic equivalent task (MET) calculations. <b>Results</b>: Franz cell studies demonstrated superior magnesium release from the magnesium orotate lipogel compared with the other formulations. After two months, serum magnesium levels were higher than baseline (1.554 ± 0.124 vs. 1.448 ± 0.111 mg/dL, <i>p</i> < 0.001), although they remained below the normal reference range. No significant changes were observed in eGFR or hsCRP. Moderate-intensity physical activity increased significantly (310.475 ± 92.505 vs. 279.286 ± 89.907 MET-min/week, <i>p</i> < 0.001), while vigorous-intensity activity did not change significantly. No relevant adverse effects were reported. Patient satisfaction was high across all evaluated domains, including practicability (86.6%), efficacy (96.4%), tolerability (97.1%), and trust in medical professionals (97.6%). <b>Conclusions</b>: In this pilot study, topical magnesium orotate lipogel was well tolerated and accepted by renal transplant recipients with persistent hypomagnesemia. Serum magnesium levels and moderate physical activity improved over the two-month observation period, although magnesium levels remained below the normal range. These preliminary findings warrant confirmation in larger, randomized, placebo-controlled studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13516101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148831201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking Food Insecurity and Coping Strategies to Children's Dietary Intake in Urban Areas in Surabaya, Indonesia.","authors":"Emyr Reisha Isaura, Aprilia Kusumawardhani, Annis Catur Adi, Charles Frans, Gloriana Seran, Sherly Vantono, Laili Rahmawati, Andianto Indrawan Tjiptohardjo, Maria Natalia Indawati, Taufiqurrahman Taufiqurrahman, Roselynne Anggraini, Yuyun Erlina Susanti, Romyun Alvy Khoiriyah","doi":"10.3390/nu18162724","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18162724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Food insecurity continues to pose a significant public health challenge in urban low-income communities, where limited resources and unstable food systems may negatively relate to children's nutrition. Although prior studies have linked food insecurity with inadequate dietary intake, the role of coping strategies in this relationship remains insufficiently understood. This study investigated the associations between household food insecurity, coping strategies, and children's dietary intake in densely populated urban areas of Surabaya, Indonesia. <b>Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study was conducted among 55 mother-child pairs in Simolawang and Bulak Banteng from September 2025 to February 2026. We used the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) and the Short Food Literacy Questionnaire (SFLQ), and coping behaviors were assessed using the Reduced Coping Strategy Index (r-CSI). Children's dietary intake was obtained through a Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Pearson correlation and multivariate regression analyses were applied to examine relationships among variables. <b>Results:</b> Most households were classified as food secure (61.82%), although varying degrees of food insecurity were observed. Household food insecurity was not significantly associated with children's energy or macronutrient intake. In contrast, coping strategy scores were positively associated with household food insecurity (β = 0.26-0.27), indicating greater use of coping strategies among households experiencing greater food insecurity. <b>Conclusions:</b> Food insecurity was linked to increased coping behaviors but not directly to children's macronutrient intake. Coping mechanisms may help sustain short-term intake but do not guarantee adequate nutrition. Interventions should address both food access and dietary quality in urban poor settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13516720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148831139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Online Food Purchase Frequency Across Generations: Associations with Healthy Eating, Environmental Concern, and Economic Decision Indicators.","authors":"Robert Wolny, Marcin Awdziej, Magdalena Jaciow, Ilona Lipowska, Marcin Lipowski, Jolanta Tkaczyk","doi":"10.3390/nu18162730","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18162730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Online food purchasing may be associated with health-related, environmental, economic, and technological factors. However, limited evidence exists on whether these factors are associated with online food purchase frequency in similar ways across generational groups. This study examined whether self-reported healthy eating, environmental concern, and economic decision indicators were associated with online food purchase frequency among Polish consumers who had previously purchased food online and whether these associations differed across birth-cohort groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected in Poland in 2025 in a cross-sectional study using Computer-Assisted Web Interviewing. The analytical sample comprised 669 respondents who declared having purchased food online. Online food purchasing was measured both as a binary distinction between frequent and occasional purchasing and as an eight-category ordinal frequency variable. Pearson's chi-square tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, binary logistic regression, and ordinal logistic regression were applied. Moderation was assessed through predictor-by-generation interaction terms. The Benjamini-Hochberg procedure was used to control the false discovery rate, and seven economic decision-making indicators were additionally examined in mutually adjusted multivariable models. Ordinal models were interpreted as sensitivity analyses because the proportional-odds assumption was not fully satisfied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Healthy eating was not directly associated with online food purchasing frequency and did not interact significantly with generation. Environmental concern showed a significant interaction with generation in both binary and ordinal models. It was associated with more frequent online food purchasing among Baby Boomers but with less frequent purchasing among Generation Z. In separate models, price comparison and careful product choice were associated with more frequent online purchasing. Saving orientation also showed an exploratory interaction with opposite directions across generational groups: it was associated with more frequent purchasing in Generation X and less frequent purchasing in Generation Z. However, these economic decision indicators did not remain robust after correction for multiple testing and simultaneous adjustment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Online food purchasing frequency was not uniformly associated with health, environmental, or economic tendencies across generations. In this cross-sectional sample, generation moderated the association between environmental concern and online food purchase frequency, although this pattern should not be interpreted as evidence of a distinct causal cohort effect. The findings suggest that similar declared tendencies may be associated with different patterns of online food purchase frequency across generational groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13516827/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148831291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Media and out of Home Food Selection and Health Promoting Choices: A Generational Perspective in Poland.","authors":"Andrzej Soroka, Agnieszka Godlewska, Anna Katarzyna Mazurek-Kusiak","doi":"10.3390/nu18162727","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18162727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigates the relationship between social media use and consumer purchase intentions or out-of-home food choices in the Polish gastronomic market, focusing specifically on variations across generations.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Data were collected between May and July 2024 through a diagnostic survey using the Computer-Assisted Web Interviewing (CAWI) technique (N = 1099). Respondents were recruited via a non-probability quota sampling approach based on strict demographic inclusion criteria. To test the research hypotheses regarding generational variations in market behaviour, a multivariate discriminant function analysis was performed using Statistica 13.1 PL. A preliminary pilot study (N = 30) confirmed the initial questionnaire readability and overall consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.87), while subscales were treated independently during the main analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multivariate models were found to be highly significant, revealing clear differences between age groups. The youngest cohort (aged 18-35) relies heavily on Instagram and TikTok, showing distinct patterns regarding visual triggers such as \"instagrammable\" aesthetics, digital validation, and menu uniqueness alongside weight loss claims. Conversely, seniors (aged 61 and older) lean unexpectedly towards X. This older segment displays pragmatic, utility-driven motives, searching for detailed textual data about ingredients and the health-promoting properties of food. General product quality and calorie control were identified as universal factors that do not vary by generation. Conclusions and Managerial Implications: The digital transformation of the Polish restaurant industry does not follow a single path. Social media is closely linked to modern customer journeys, with physical dining spots frequently serving as spaces for socialisation. Consequently, restaurant operators should move away from mass communication and adopt a selective omnichannel strategy, where message formats shift from visual appeal to factual, nutrition-oriented text that is tailored to the digital literacy and dietary needs of each generation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13516072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148830975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sphingolipid Metabolism in Obesity: Bidirectional Regulation and Comparative Perspectives on Plant Sphingolipids.","authors":"Mingrui Li, Yunlong Yao, Tianxing Li, Tianqi Cai, Fufangyu Zhao, Yini Fang, Yi Zheng, Chenyu Fei, Can Yang, Wenlong Sun, Mingyan Shao, Lingru Li, Yanfei Zheng","doi":"10.3390/nu18162723","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18162723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sphingolipids, a class of lipids, are widely present in the cell membranes of all eukaryotic and some prokaryotic organisms. These lipids play crucial roles in the formation of the lipid bilayer and are categorised into several groups, including sphingomyelins, ceramides, sphingosine-1-phosphate, and glycosphingolipids. In addition to their structural significance, sphingolipids also show bioactivity, regulating various signalling pathways involved in cell growth, differentiation, ageing, and apoptosis, and are closely associated with several chronic diseases, including obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Notably, dysregulated sphingolipid metabolism contributes to obesity-related metabolic dysfunction through altered lipid accumulation, insulin signalling, organelle stress, and inflammation. This review summarises the various mechanisms and recent research advances related to sphingolipids and their association with obesity. It further examines how the metabolic effects of ceramides vary according to their acyl-chain length, enzyme of origin, tissue distribution, and metabolic context, as well as how adipose depot, sex, age, and metabolic phenotype influence the sphingolipid response to obesity. It further considers plant-derived sphingolipids as a compositionally distinct exogenous input to host sphingolipid pools, comparing their structural and enzymatic features with those of mammalian sphingolipids. Pharmacological, dietary, and lifestyle approaches that modify sphingolipid metabolism are also considered. Accordingly, the review summarises our current knowledge regarding the dietary occurrence, intestinal handling, and metabolic effects of sphingolipids and identifies the evidence gaps that currently limit conclusions regarding their relevance to obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13516135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148831138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}