Nutrients最新文献

{"title":"Is There a Relationship Between the Gut Microbiome and the Functional Capabilities of Skeletal Muscle? A Narrative Review.","authors":"Kristin S Ondrak, Evan A Seicshnaydre, Sharon J Duffy, Corinna L Rodriguez, Cassidy Scott, Sheri Gladish, Lauri O Byerley","doi":"10.3390/nu18193300","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18193300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diet is one of the primary determinants of gut microbiota composition and its metabolic output. That output is emerging as a critical determinant of systemic health and has been linked to most physiological systems in the body, yet its relationship to skeletal muscle physiology has only recently received attention. Evidence from experimental, observational, and clinical studies supports the existence of a gut-muscle axis, in which microbial composition and metabolic activity in the gut, influenced by diet, affect muscle metabolism, strength, function, and physical performance. Fiber, protein intake, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and fermented foods are examples of dietary constituents that transiently alter the gut microbiota, producing key metabolic mediators including short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), microbially generated amino acid products, and metabolites implicated in systemic inflammation and gut barrier integrity, alongside endocrine crosstalk involving myokines and hormones (e.g., cortisol and testosterone). Human studies consistently associate higher microbial diversity and enrichment of SCFA-producing taxa with improved muscle-related outcomes, while age-related dysbiosis has been linked to sarcopenia and functional decline. This narrative review summarizes current evidence of the gut-muscle axis and highlights potential mechanisms linking gut microbial composition to skeletal muscle function. Future advances in personalized nutrition may offer novel opportunities to preserve muscle health and functional capacity throughout aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13666990/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specialized Nutrition Products in Pediatric Medical Care: Clinical Applications, Formulation, Regulation, and Future Directions.","authors":"Robert D Murray, Matthew D Teegarden, Andie Lee Gonzalez, Mary Beth Arensberg, John T Stutts","doi":"10.3390/nu18193298","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18193298","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Specialized nutrition products are often used as a component of nutrition care across a spectrum of acute and chronic pediatric medical conditions. These products differ from conventional foods due to their clinical purpose, composition, and context of use, yet these distinguishing characteristics are rarely discussed collectively. The objective of this narrative review is to provide an interdisciplinary overview of specialized pediatric nutrition products, including their clinical applications, formulation considerations, regulatory environment, and future opportunities for innovation and evidence generation. These products are specially formulated and processed to provide nutrition support for vulnerable children during critical periods of growth and development. At the same time, they are subject to specialized and complex regulations. Globally, there is increased interest in the role of food formulation and processing in childhood nutrition. As policy landscapes evolve, attention should be given to specialized pediatric nutrition products to ensure continued availability and support for future research and innovations that benefit pediatric growth, development, and health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13666675/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparities in Exclusive Human Milk Feeding and Unintended Formula Supplementation Among Infants Discharged Following Birth at an Academic Medical Center.","authors":"Georgette Richardson, Robert D Roghair, Kelly E Wood, Aunum Akhter, Jennifer R Bermick, Emily A Spellman, Lora B Albert, Temitope M Awelewa","doi":"10.3390/nu18193294","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18193294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The mitigation of existing disparities in human milk intake is a shared responsibility. Health systems have emphasized antenatal decision making to increase the proportion of infants that receive Exclusive Human Milk (EHM). However, our recent focus group reported that inadequate communication and other systemic barriers were contributing to unintended formula supplementation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To explore the influence of sociodemographic factors on EHM intake, we analyzed records for 10,214 newborns discharged from our medical center.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While race or ethnicity and prenatal EHM intent were the best predictors of EHM, the lowest rates were seen among infants born to Muslim women or women with non-English language preference (NELP). Even when analysis was restricted to those with a prenatal plan for EHM, unintended formula use exceeded 50% among those that identified as Black, Muslim, or having a NELP. In exploratory analysis, the same predictors were associated with the lowest rates of pasteurized donor human milk (PDHM) utilization.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Looking deeper than race and ethnicity, Muslim women and women with NELP have the lowest rates of PDHM utilization and the highest rates of unintended formula use at our institution. These findings can inform culturally responsive interventions focused on education and effective communication.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13667070/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149194583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut Microbiota and Nutritional Aspects in Pancreatic Diseases: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Klara Szwarc, Joanna Witkowska, Agnieszka Dobrowolska, Agnieszka Zawada","doi":"10.3390/nu18193297","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18193297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pancreatic diseases, including acute pancreatitis (AP) and chronic pancreatitis (CP), pancreatogenic diabetes mellitus (T3cDM), autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP), and pancreatic cancer (PDAC), are associated with metabolic, inflammatory, and nutritional disturbances. Increasing evidence indicates a bidirectional relationship between pancreatic diseases and the gut microbiota. On the one hand, alterations in microbial composition and function, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and bacterial translocation may contribute to their pathogenesis and progression. On the other hand, pancreatic diseases and associated changes in nutrition and treatment may affect the composition and function of the gut microbiota. This narrative review aimed to discuss the role of the gut microbiota and nutritional aspects in selected pancreatic diseases. PubMed/MEDLINE was searched up to May 2026 for English-language publications, with emphasis on studies from the previous 10 years, while earlier relevant studies were also considered. Google Scholar was used as a supplementary source. Human observational, experimental and mechanistic studies, as well as secondary literature, were considered, addressing pancreatic microbiota, intestinal permeability, bacterial translocation, nutrition, and microbiota-targeted interventions. Available evidence indicates that pancreatic diseases are associated with alterations in gut and pancreatic microbial communities, although the reported patterns vary between diseases and studies. These changes may be relevant to intestinal barrier integrity, inflammatory signaling, microbial metabolite production, and, in pancreatic cancer, the tumor microenvironment and treatment response. Nutritional management remains an important component of care, particularly in patients with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and those at risk of malnutrition. However, the causal relationships between pancreatic diseases and microbiota alterations remain incompletely established, and evidence for microbiota-targeted interventions is limited and heterogeneous. Further clinical studies are needed to clarify these interactions and their potential diagnostic and therapeutic relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13666904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Feeding Difficulties to Nutritional Risk in Children with Down Syndrome.","authors":"Maja Ergović Ravančić, Valentina Obradović, Svjetlana Škrabal","doi":"10.3390/nu18193295","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18193295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Children with Down syndrome (DS) may experience feeding difficulties arising from interactions among hypotonia, cardiorespiratory and gastrointestinal conditions, swallowing dysfunction, oral-motor and sensory differences, delayed feeding skill development, and psychosocial or environmental factors. These difficulties may compromise feeding safety and efficiency, restrict dietary diversity, and contribute to inadequate fluid or nutrient intake, faltering growth, micronutrient deficiencies, or excess adiposity. This narrative review synthesized the literature selected for its relevance to feeding development and nutritional risk in children and adolescents with DS. Sources were identified through PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and the Web of Science Core Collection, supplemented by reference-list review and citation tracking; cited sources were last verified on 26 August 2026. Evidence was organized according to developmental stage and clinical domain, with attention to study design, sampling, assessment methods, and applicability to the pediatric DS population. The findings indicate that breastfeeding is possible but may require early assessment of milk transfer and nutritional adequacy. Oropharyngeal dysphagia and silent aspiration are important clinical concerns, although much of the evidence comes from selected clinical and referral-based cohorts. Impaired chewing, delayed texture progression, and food selectivity may restrict the consumption of meat, vegetables, whole grains, and other nutrient-dense foods, potentially reducing dietary variety and the intake of protein, fiber, and specific micronutrients. Reliance on a narrow range of accepted soft or energy-dense foods may nevertheless provide adequate or excessive energy, allowing poor dietary quality to coexist with excess body weight. Nutritional assessment should therefore consider food choices, texture adaptations, and actual nutrient intake alongside growth and body mass index. The strongest support is for systematic, individualized, and multidisciplinary care integrating swallowing safety, feeding skills, actual dietary and fluid intake, growth, biochemical status, associated medical conditions, and family circumstances. Evidence for specific feeding therapies, supplements, and nutrition-related interventions remains limited by small samples, heterogeneous methods, and short follow-up. More representative longitudinal and intervention studies using standardized, age-appropriate outcomes are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13666837/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key Components of Prenatal Nutrition Education Interventions to Prevent Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Min Gao, Yulu Zhang, Zixuan Liu, Yunqi Yang, Yadi Zhang, Shanshan Cui, Xiaxia Cai, Huanling Yu","doi":"10.3390/nu18193303","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18193303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the association between key components of prenatal nutrition education interventions and the prevention of GDM in pregnant women. <b>Methods</b>: We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from database inception to 18 January 2026, using search terms including \"gestational diabetes mellitus,\" \"glycemic control,\" \"pregnancy,\" and \"nutrition interventions\"; only English-language publications were eligible. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing prenatal nutrition education interventions and reporting gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) incidence. Of the initial 4961 retrieved records, 29 RCTs fulfilled the selection criteria. In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, two reviewers independently performed data extraction and risk-of-bias assessment using the Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool. Given expected clinical heterogeneity, pooled risk ratios (RRs) were synthesized via a random-effects model. The primary outcome was GDM incidence, expressed as a pooled RR comparing nutrition education intervention groups with control groups. <b>Results</b>: A total of 29 RCTs comprising 17,937 pregnant women were included. The pooled analysis showed that prenatal nutrition education interventions were associated with a statistically significant reduction in GDM risk (pooled RR, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.79-0.98]; <i>p</i> = 0.02). In absolute terms, the GDM incidence was 16.01% in the intervention group vs. 17.06% in the control group. Moderate between-study heterogeneity was observed (<i>I</i>² = 51.1%; <i>p</i> for heterogeneity < 0.001), largely driven by variations in dietary protocols and intervention fidelity. <b>Conclusions</b>: In this meta-analysis of 29 RCTs, prenatal nutrition education was associated with a significantly lower GDM risk. Interventions grounded in nutritional theory, delivered in hospital settings, and achieving high fidelity were associated with the largest reductions in risk; delivery by healthcare professionals, high individualization, and balanced dietary content showed favorable but statistically nonsignificant trends. These findings support the systematic adoption of these core components in routine antenatal care to mitigate the GDM burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13667000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Sedentary Behavior and Breast Milk Extracellular Vesicle MicroRNA Across Pregnancy: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Beatriz B Elliott, Kara M Whitaker, Jacob Gallagher, Brooke Burnett, Ian J Shofner, Karl Kerns, Elizabeth M McNeill","doi":"10.3390/nu18193293","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18193293","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Human breast milk (HM) is the gold-standard nutritional source for infants, delivering not only macro- and micronutrients but also bioactive components, including extracellular vesicles (EVs) enriched with microRNAs (miRNAs) that regulate immune, metabolic, and neurodevelopmental programming. Maternal lifestyle, including nutrition, is known to shape milk composition, yet it remains unknown whether maternal physical activity modulates the bioactive miRNA cargo of HM EVs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This pilot study examined associations between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA; ≥3.0 metabolic equivalents) and prolonged sedentary behavior (SED60+; total sitting/lying minutes of bouts ≥60 min) with EV-enriched miRNA expression in HM collected in the early postnatal period (<i>n</i> = 11). Maternal activity was measured using a thigh-worn activPAL monitor across pregnancy trimesters and days 10-18 postnatal; HM was collected at day 18 postnatal. The EV-enriched fraction from skim milk was isolated and small RNA sequencing identified 691 unique miRNAs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Principal component analysis showed that EV-enriched miRNA profiles were nominally most associated with prolonged sedentary behavior during the first two trimesters, though these associations did not survive correction for multiple testing. Differential expression analysis identified nine sedentary-associated miRNAs in trimester two, with smaller signals in trimesters one and three. Pathway enrichment revealed overrepresentation of genes involved in RNA regulation and post-transcriptional control, cell adhesion and cytoskeletal organization, and growth and nutrient signaling.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Together, these findings suggest that maternal sedentary behavior during early and mid-pregnancy may be associated with candidate variation in HM EV-miRNA composition, offering a preliminary molecular link between prenatal behaviors and early-life programming that warrants replication in larger, independent cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13667177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Multi-Strain Probiotic SLAB51 Intake on Aerobic Performance and Oxidative Stress Responses in Elite Athletes: A Randomized Crossover Trial.","authors":"Sang-Yong Lee, Sehwa Kim, Jae-Hyeon Park, Hyo-Jun Yun, Jiwun Yoon","doi":"10.3390/nu18193299","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18193299","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Exercise performance and recovery depend on interactions between energy metabolism and redox regulation. SLAB51, a multi-strain probiotic, may influence oxygen-related metabolism and antioxidant responses, but evidence in elite athletes remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of SLAB51 supplementation on aerobic exercise capacity and oxidative stress responses in elite athletes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial evaluated the effects of SLAB51 supplementation on aerobic exercise performance and oxidative stress in elite athletes. Participants received SLAB51 and placebo for one week each, separated by a two-week washout period. Assessments were performed at baseline, after a single intake, and after one week of intake. Exercise performance was evaluated using a treadmill-based Bruce protocol, and physiological and oxidative stress markers were measured. Data were analyzed using two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), supplemented by post hoc linear mixed-effects models (LMMs) accounting for the crossover design.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The original ANOVA showed significant treatment × time interactions for exercise duration, duration above a respiratory exchange ratio (RER) of 1.0, and pre-exercise superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, but not for maximal oxygen uptake, lactate removal, or malondialdehyde concentration. The additional post hoc LMM analysis also identified a significant treatment difference in exercise duration after one week (mean difference = 33.32 s, 95% CI: 17.42-49.22, <i>p</i> < 0.001), with significant differences in duration above RER 1.0 and SOD activity also observed after one week.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings support the potential benefits of one-week SLAB51 supplementation for exercise duration in elite athletes, consistent with the additional crossover-adjusted analysis. Favorable differences in duration above RER 1.0 and pre-exercise antioxidant enzyme activity warrant further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13666794/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospective Evaluation of Individualized Nutrition Support on the Incidence of High-Output Ileostomy.","authors":"Rahel M Strobel, Stella Toepfer, Konrad Neumann, Kati Engel, Michael Schumann, Wael Rayya, Christian H W Schineis, Katharina Beyer, Arved Weimann, Johannes C Lauscher","doi":"10.3390/nu18193301","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18193301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with an ileostomy are at risk of developing a high-output ileostomy (HOS). An episode of HOS can lead to dehydration and acute kidney injury (AKI). Existing dietary recommendations are largely based on expert opinion. At Charité-Campus Benjamin Franklin, a new interdisciplinary nutrition concept was developed for patients following ileostomy creation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective, single-centre interventional study included adult patients undergoing elective surgery with the creation of an ileostomy between July 2022 and November 2024. The primary outcome was the incidence of post-discharge HOS occurring during the follow-up period. Patients received standardized postoperative meals and individualized dietary counselling. Outcomes were compared to a historical cohort.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 103 patients (44.2% female; median age 47.5 years), HOS occurred in 13 patients (12.6%; 95% CI 6.8-20.4%) during follow-up and in 41 of 296 patients in the historical cohort (13.9%; 95% CI, 10.4-18.3%). Patients (<i>n</i> = 23) developing HOS during hospitalization experienced no recurrence at follow-up. Readmission was more frequent in the HOS group (53.8% vs. 21.1%, <i>p</i> = 0.011), particularly due to AKI (46.2% vs. 5.6%, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Weight loss was also more common during follow-up in the group with HOS (76.9% vs. 35.6%, <i>p</i> = 0.005), with a median weight loss of 2 kg.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HOS incidence was not different from that observed in the historical cohort; however, the study was not designed to establish equivalence or non-inferiority. The structured nutrition pathway was feasible to implement. Post-discharge HOS was associated with readmission, acute kidney injury, and weight loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13666628/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VSL#3 Co-Administration Is Associated with Altered Early-Phase Obeticholic Acid Exposure in MASLD Mice.","authors":"A-Hyeon Lee, Seung Min Lee, In Young Kang, Gye Ryeol Park, Hye Hyun Yoo, Jun Sang Yu, Hyun Sung Kim, Ji-Hee Shin, Young-Do Nam, Eileen Laurel Yoon, Dae Won Jun","doi":"10.3390/nu18193296","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu18193296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease, and its global incidence continues to increase. MASLD can progress from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, effective preventive and therapeutic options remain limited. In this study, obeticholic acid (OCA) and the probiotic mixture VSL#3 were co-administered to a mouse model of MASLD to modulate gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism. <b>Methods:</b> Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a WD to induce MASLD and treated with OCA, VSL#3, or both. Gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing, bile acid (BA) composition was assessed by LC-MS/MS, hepatic and intestinal gene expression was determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry, and unconjugated OCA pharmacokinetics (PK) were evaluated. <b>Results:</b> VSL#3-containing groups showed differences in selected taxa with reported bile salt hydrolase (BSH) potential and in BA composition, including a numerical shift toward higher levels of deconjugated BAs. Co-administration of OCA and VSL#3 was accompanied by lower hepatic steatosis, numerically favorable serum markers of liver injury, and lower cholesterol and total bilirubin levels. In addition, mice receiving VSL#3 showed numerically higher early plasma concentrations of unconjugated OCA. Lower intestinal ATP-binding cassette subfamily C member 2 (<i>Abcc2</i>) expression was also observed as a separate exploratory finding. <b>Conclusions:</b> The co-administration of VSL#3 with OCA was accompanied by exploratory differences in selected biological parameters and early-phase unconjugated OCA exposure. Lower intestinal <i>Abcc2</i>/Mrp2 expression was observed as a separate exploratory finding, and no functional relationship between intestinal transporter expression and OCA pharmacokinetics was established.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"18 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13667209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149195629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}