Nutrients最新文献

{"title":"The Role of the Mediterranean Diet in the Prevention of Sarcopenia and Frailty in Older Adults: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Marta Arroyo-Huidobro, Magali Amat, Aina Capdevila-Reniu, Ariana Chavez, Martina Pellicé, Andrea Ladino, Constanza Sepúlveda, Emilio Sacanella","doi":"10.3390/nu17101743","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101743","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Sarcopenia and frailty are interrelated conditions and have a high incidence in older adults. They contribute to increased morbidity and mortality and poor quality of life. There is emerging evidence that healthy diets such as the Mediterranean diet could delay the onset of sarcopenia and frailty. This review aims to evaluate the role of the MD in preventing these conditions. <b>Methods</b>: A literature search was conducted on PubMed (MEDLINE, NCBI) for English-language articles published within the last 10 years (2014-2024) using the search terms \"Mediterranean diet\", \"frailty\", \"sarcopenia\", and \"old people\". A total of 111 articles were identified, of which 36 were excluded during the initial screening. Subsequently, 75 manuscripts were assessed for eligibility. Subsequently, a further 62 articles were excluded (narrative reviews, articles not focused on the elderly population, or articles with different outcomes). Finally, 13 articles were included in the review. <b>Results</b>: The 13 selected studies comprised seven observational studies, three systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and three clinical trials. The findings suggest that adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD), particularly when combined with physical activity, may improve body composition and cardiometabolic health and reduce indicators of sarcopenia in obese older adults. Furthermore, MD-based nutritional interventions were associated with improved physical functions such as balance, gait, fall risk, flexibility, and muscle strength (<i>p</i> < 0.05, all). The MD also demonstrated a preventive effect against frailty, particularly in pre-frail individuals. <b>Conclusions:</b> High adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) may delay the onset of sarcopenia and improve muscle function in older adults. However, the available scientific evidence is of low to moderate quality. Well-designed prospective intervention studies are needed to confirm whether the MD can modify the natural history of sarcopenia and/or frailty in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12114186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Dietary Betaine Intake and Dyslipidemia in Chinese Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Peiliang Chen, Zhitong Xu, Chengping Li, Lianlong Yu, Qianrang Zhu, Zhihao Li, Tao Liu, Dan Liu, Chen Mao","doi":"10.3390/nu17101742","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101742","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Evidence remains limited on the effects of dietary betaine intake and dyslipidemia. We aim to investigate the association between dietary betaine intake and dyslipidemia in Chinese children and adolescents and illustrate the differences in these associations stratified by different food sources. <b>Methods:</b> Based on a national cross-sectional study from the China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance of Children and Lactating Mothers, 11,452 individuals aged 6-17 years were enrolled between October 2016 and December 2018. Participants were divided into quartiles according to residual energy-adjusted dietary betaine intake. The associations of dietary betaine with dyslipidemia and lipid profiles were estimated using restricted cubic spline regression and logistic regression analysis. <b>Results:</b> Among the 11,452 participants, 2577 (22.5%) individuals were found to have dyslipidemia. The median (IQR) intake of dietary betaine was 56.35 (25.77, 207.66) mg/day. Negative dose-dependent associations were found between residual energy-adjusted dietary betaine intake and dyslipidemia. Compared with participants in the lowest quartile (Q1) of residual energy-adjusted betaine intake, participants in the fourth quartile (Q4) had lower odds of high total cholesterol (TC), high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), high remnant cholesterol (RC), and dyslipidemia, with odds ratios (<i>OR</i>) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of 0.56 (0.45, 0.70), 0.65 (0.48, 0.87), 0.53 (0.41, 0.68), 0.42 (0.28, 0.61), and 0.79 (0.69, 0.91), respectively. Furthermore, reduced odds of high TC, high LDL-C, high non-HDL-C, high RC, and dyslipidemia were observed in dietary betaine from plant-source foods but not in animal-source foods. <b>Conclusions:</b> High intake of dietary betaine (56.35-207.66 mg/day) was associated with reduced odds of dyslipidemia, including elevated TC, LDL-C, non-HDL-C, and RC, and dietary betaine from plant-source foods revealed significant benefits for dyslipidemia in Chinese children and adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-Specific Associations of Gut Microbiota Composition with Sarcopenia Defined by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 Consensus in Older Outpatients: Prospective Cross-Sectional Study in Japan.","authors":"Daisuke Asaoka, Kazuya Toda, Shin Yoshimoto, Noriko Katsumata, Toshitaka Odamaki, Noriyuki Iwabuchi, Miyuki Tanaka, Jin-Zhong Xiao, Yuriko Nishikawa, Osamu Nomura, Tsutomu Takeda, Akihito Nagahara, Shigeo Koido, Toshifumi Ohkusa, Nobuhiro Sato","doi":"10.3390/nu17101746","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Sarcopenia (SA), an age-related impairment in skeletal muscle mass and function, is related to gut microbiota (GM) through inflammation and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) generation. However, data on this relationship in older Japanese adults remain limited. We investigated the relationship of GM composition with SA, based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 criteria, among elderly Japanese outpatients. <b>Methods:</b> Between June 2022 and January 2023, this prospective cross-sectional study enrolled 356 community-dwelling outpatients aged ≥ 65 years at the Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center. SA was determined based on the AWGS 2019 consensus criteria. GM was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and alpha/beta diversity, taxonomic composition, detection rates, and correlations with skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), grip strength, and gait speed were investigated. <b>Results:</b> Among 356 (144 males, 212 females) participants, 50 (35 males, 15 females) had SA. Differences in GM diversity and composition were primarily noted among male participants. Men with SA had lower alpha diversity and distinct beta diversity profiles. Six bacterial genera-<i>Eubacterium I</i>, <i>Fusicatenibacter</i>, <i>Holdemanella</i>, <i>Unclassified Lachnospira</i>, <i>Enterococcus H</i>, and <i>Bariatricus</i>-had lower abundances in the SA group. Several of these genera showed positive correlations with SMI, grip strength, and gait speed. Conversely, no differences in GM characteristics were seen among females. <b>Conclusions:</b> GM composition was associated with SA among older Japanese men. These sex-specific differences emerged consistently, highlighting the potential of microbiota-based strategies for SA prevention in older males.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12114429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fish Oil Supplementation Attenuates Offspring's Neurodevelopmental Changes Induced by a Maternal High-Fat Diet in a Rat Model.","authors":"Yasna Muñoz, Heidy Kaune, Alexies Dagnino-Subiabre, Gonzalo Cruz, Jorge Toledo, Rodrigo Valenzuela, Renato Moraga, Luis Tabilo, Cristian Flores, Alfredo Muñoz, Nicolás Crisosto, Juan F Montiel, Manuel Maliqueo","doi":"10.3390/nu17101741","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101741","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> A maternal high-fat diet (HFD) impairs brain structure in offspring. In turn, fish oil (FO) rich in <i>n</i>-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has neuroprotective effects. Therefore, we investigated whether maternal HFD exposure affected the neurological reflexes, neuron morphology, and <i>n</i>-3 PUFA levels in the cerebral cortex of the offspring and whether these effects were mitigated by maternal FO consumption. <b>Methods:</b> Female Sprague Dawley rats received a control diet (CD, 10% Kcal fat) or HFD (45% Kcal fat) five weeks before mating and throughout pregnancy and lactation. From mating, a subgroup of HFD was supplemented with 11.4% FO into the diet (HFD-FO). Neurological reflexes were evaluated from postnatal day (PND) 3 until PND20. Brains were removed at PND22 for neuron morphology analysis. Moreover, fatty acid composition and transcripts of genes encoding for factors associated with synapse transmission (SNAP-25), plasticity (BDNF), transport of DHA (MFSD2a), and inflammation (NF-κB and IL-1β) were quantified in prefrontal, motor, and auditory cortices. <b>Results:</b> FO diminished the effects of HFD on the number of thin and mushroom-shaped dendritic spines in the cerebral cortex in both sexes. It also reversed the HFD effects on the motor and auditory reflexes in female and male offspring, respectively. In males, FO up-regulated <i>Bdnf</i> transcript levels in the motor cortex compared with CD and HFD. In females, <i>n</i>-3 PUFAs were higher in HFD and HFD-FO than in CD in the auditory cortex. <b>Conclusions:</b> Our results highlight the protective role of maternal dietary <i>n</i>-3 PUFAs in counteracting the effects induced by HFD on the acquisition of neurological reflexes and neuronal morphology in the cerebral cortex of the offspring of both sexes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113741/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural Characterization and Efficacy in Alleviating Lung Inflammation of Sialylated Glycopeptides from Edible Bird's Nest.","authors":"Qiushi Li, Chenxi Zhang, Guandong Fang, Shuang Qiu, Man Yuan, Nan Qian, Dongliang Wang, Xiangrong Cheng","doi":"10.3390/nu17101745","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This study aimed to characterize the basic structure of sialylated glycopeptide (SCP) from edible bird's nest, and to explore the intervention effect and mechanism of SCP based on a mouse lung inflammation model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). <b>Methods:</b> C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the control group (CON), model group (LPS), EBN group, SCP group, and SA group. <b>Results:</b> The results showed that SCP had the typical structures of polypeptides and carbohydrates. SCP effectively intervened in the lung inflammation response. The number of neutrophils (Neu) in BALF decreased by 41.3%, the level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) decreased by 36.4%, and the W/D ratio of lung tissues decreased by 27.2%, effectively preventing pathological changes in lung tissues. A total of 40 differential metabolites such as choline, linolenic acid, and xanthine were screened between the SCP group and the LPS group. These differential metabolites were mainly enriched in the metabolic pathways of glycerophospholipids, alpha-linolenic acid, and purines. <b>Conclusions:</b> The research results support that SCP, as the active substance of edible bird's nest, can effectively improve lung inflammation, providing theoretical guidance for the development of functional edible bird's nest products.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113800/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Eating Disorders in Children and Adolescents: Challenges, Progress, and Future Directions.","authors":"Omer Horovitz","doi":"10.3390/nu17101744","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eating disorders (EDs) in children and adolescents pose significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to their early onset, developmental complexity, and frequent psychiatric comorbidities. This narrative review identifies key clinical and systemic challenges, including difficulties in early detection, overlapping symptomatology, limited pharmacological options, and unequal access to specialized care. Recent progress includes revisions in diagnostic criteria (e.g., DSM-5 and ICD-11), advancements in psychometric assessment tools tailored for pediatric populations, and increasing evidence supporting psychotherapeutic interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy, family-based therapy, and digital health approaches. Future directions involve long-term outcome studies on treatment efficacy, developing culturally sensitive and personalized care models, and implementing integrated multidisciplinary treatment frameworks. By synthesizing empirical literature from 2018 to 2024, this review underscores the urgent need for developmentally informed, evidence-based strategies to enhance the early detection, treatment, and recovery outcomes for young individuals affected by EDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113955/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daily Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake and Its Association with Undiagnosed Non-Communicable Diseases Among Malaysian Adults: Findings from a Nationally Representative Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Shi-Hui Cheng, Sumarni Mohd-Ghazali, Chee-Cheong Kee, Lay-Kim Tan","doi":"10.3390/nu17101740","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101740","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/objective:</b> We examined the prevalence of daily sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake, identifying its sociodemographic determinants and exploring its potential association with undiagnosed non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among Malaysian adults. <b>Methods:</b> This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 6596 Malaysian adults participating in the 2019 National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS). Multiple logistic regression was used to examine the association between daily SSB intake and the risk of undiagnosed diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity while adjusting for potential confounders. <b>Results:</b> The prevalence of daily SSB intake was 53.6%, with higher intake observed among females, older adults, Indians, and unemployed individuals. After adjusting for confounders, daily SSB intake was not significantly associated with undiagnosed diabetes (adjusted OR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.80-1.29), undiagnosed hypertension (adjusted OR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.81-1.22), undiagnosed hypercholesterolemia (adjusted OR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.83-1.18), or obesity (adjusted OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.91-1.27). <b>Conclusions:</b> This study highlights the high prevalence of daily SSB intake among Malaysian adults, driven by sociodemographic factors. While a lack of direct associations with undiagnosed NCDs was observed, the high prevalence of SSB intake raises concerns about long-term health impacts. Targeted public health interventions are essential to address the cultural and economic determinants of SSB intake, as well as future research adopting longitudinal designs to explore how sustained reductions in SSB intake influence the risk of developing NCDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12114064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CONUT Score as a Predictor of Mortality Risk in Acute and Chronic Heart Failure: A Meta-Analytic Review.","authors":"Diana Andreea Fărcaș, Anda Cerghizan, Raluca Maior, Andreea-Cornelia Mîndrilă, Monica Tarcea","doi":"10.3390/nu17101736","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101736","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heart failure (HF) is a major global health burden and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Nutritional status has emerged as an essential factor influencing outcomes in HF, with the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score gaining attention as a simple, objective marker derived from serum albumin, total cholesterol, and lymphocyte count. This meta-analysis evaluated the prognostic value of the CONUT score in predicting all-cause mortality in patients with acute and chronic heart failure. A systematic search was conducted in the PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library databases for the past ten years, using combinations of keywords such as \"heart failure\", \"CONUT score\", \"malnutrition\", and \"mortality\". Studies were included if they reported hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality in relation to CONUT score categories in adult HF populations. Eight eligible studies comprising 15,761 patients were included. Pooled analysis showed that higher CONUT scores were significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality (pooled HR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.30-1.66). Despite substantial heterogeneity (<i>I</i>² = 80%), the direction of effect was consistent across studies. The CONUT score is a useful prognostic marker in acute and chronic heart failure patients. Further research should explore the effects of targeted nutritional interventions in high-risk HF patients identified by elevated CONUT scores and efforts to standardize malnutrition cut-offs in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12114259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rutin-Whey Protein Nanoparticles Inhibit D-Galactose-Induced Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Pathways.","authors":"Yijing Ren, Lianyan Wang, Danyang Wang, Jian Huang, Ou Wang, Gangqiang Ding","doi":"10.3390/nu17101734","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101734","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Rutin (R) is a bioactive compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, but its low bioavailability limits its application. To address this problem, R was encapsulated with whey protein (W) as nanoparticles, and the potential effect and mechanism of rutin-whey protein nanoparticles (RW) on skeletal muscle dysfunction was investigated in D-galactose induced mice. <b>Methods</b>: R was encapsulated with W to form RW, and its characteristics like particle size, encapsulation efficiency, and bioaccessibility were evaluated. In the in vivo study, male C57BL/6J mice were treated with R, W or RW, respectively. The muscle function, hepatic antioxidant capacity, serum inflammatory levels, gut microbiota, and metabolomic profiles of mice were evaluated. <b>Results</b>: RW showed a uniform particle size, with an encapsulation efficiency of 68.7%. In the RW, the bioaccessibility of rutin was approximately 3.3 times that of free rutin. This in vivo study indicated that in comparison with D-galactose induced mice (model group), R, W and RW treatments could enhance hepatic antioxidative capacity and regulate inflammation levels, while W and RW could also increase muscle strength. Among these, RW treatment significantly elevated the hepatic GSH-PX activity and decreased the serum MSTN, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels, which were all markedly better than those of the individual effect of R or W. Such effects of R, W, and RW may be achieved through the modulation of gut microbiota that produced short-chain fatty acids or involved in anti-inflammatory function and the regulation of metabolic profiles associated with amino acid metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, etc. <b>Conclusions</b>: RW was found to enhance the bioaccessibility of rutin, and exhibited positive effects on skeletal muscle dysfunction via the modulation of gut microbiota and metabolic pathways. The results of this study may provide new scientific strategy for the utilization of rutin to achieve its health benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113907/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Diet Quality Index and Its Constituents in Preschool Children Diagnosed with a Food Allergy as Part of the \"Living with an Allergy\" Project.","authors":"Malgorzata Kostecka, Julianna Kostecka, Paulina Kawecka, Magdalena Sawic","doi":"10.3390/nu17101724","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pediatric food allergies (FAs) are health conditions that adversely impact the quality of life of children and their caregivers.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The primary objective of the present study was to assess the quality of the diets administered to allergic children based on the Healthy Diet Index (HID-10), to determine the influence of parental knowledge about FAs and the elimination diet, and to identify the factors that contribute to healthy food choices.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This study was conducted as part of the \"Living with an Allergy\" research and educational program for preschool children, which was implemented between June 2021 and June 2023 in the city of Lublin.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Food allergies were diagnosed and confirmed in 241 children, including 106 boys (44%). A higher number of unhealthy dietary factors (DQI-1) was significantly associated with gender, and lower DQI values were more often noted in boys (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In turn, a higher number of health-promoting dietary factors (DQI-3) was significantly associated with a younger age in children (OR 1.54; 95%CI 1.17-1.74, <i>p</i> < 0.01) and with an older age in parents (OR 1.43; 95%CI 1.2-1.67, <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Children whose diets, including the necessary modifications, were recommended by a physician or a dietitian were characterized by significantly higher DQI values and a higher number of health-promoting dietary factors. The diets of children with FAs should consist mainly of unprocessed foods to control the intake of unhealthy products that suppress immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12114564/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}