Nutrients最新文献

{"title":"Cholesterol-Lowering Mechanism of <i>Lactobacillus</i> Bile Salt Hydrolase Through Regulation of <i>Bifidobacterium pseudolongum</i> in the Gut Microbiota.","authors":"Yingying Liu, Weijia Kuang, Man Li, Zhihao Wang, Yanrong Liu, Menghuan Zhao, Hailin Huan, Yao Yang","doi":"10.3390/nu17183019","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17183019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent a major global health burden, and cholesterol reduction is a key strategy for their prevention and management. This study investigated the mechanism by which bile salt hydrolase (BSH) from <i>Lactobacilli</i> reduces cholesterol levels by modulating the growth of <i>Bifidobacterium pseudolongum</i>. <b>Methods:</b> The BSH-recombinant strain YB334 was administered to high-cholesterol-diet mice, and the cholesterol-lowering function of the strain was evaluated by assessing serum cholesterol parameters, including total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Metagenomic sequencing was used to analyze the gut microbiota, leading to the screening and acquisition of the \"responsive\" strains affected by BSH. Subsequent investigations were conducted into their cholesterol-lowering effects and mechanisms of action. <b>Results:</b> Oral administration of the BSH-recombinant strain YB334 can effectively reduce serum cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemic mice while simultaneously leading to a significant increase in the abundance of <i>B. pseudolongum</i> within the gut microbiota. In vitro experiments indicated that this increased abundance might be closely associated with the strain's high tolerance to CA, the catalytic product of the BSH enzyme. The BPL-4 strain, obtained through screening, demonstrated cholesterol-lowering efficacy. Mechanistically, BPL-4 altered bile acid pool composition and modulated the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) signaling axis: it suppressed ileal FXR-fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) expression, thereby de-repressing hepatic cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and accelerating cholesterol catabolism into bile acids. <b>Conclusions:</b> This study provides the first evidence that BSH from lactobacilli can shape the signature gut microbiota by modulating bile acid metabolism via the FXR-CYP7A1 axis, thereby demonstrating a mechanism for its cholesterol-lowering effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Undernourished and Undertreated: The Role of Nutritional Care in Geriatric Hospital Outcomes.","authors":"Paolo Orlandoni, Nikolina Jukic Peladic, Mirko Di Rosa, Claudia Venturini, Fabrizia Lattanzio","doi":"10.3390/nu17183021","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17183021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Malnutrition is highly prevalent in hospitalized older adults and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. However, the extent to which nutritional care is systematically implemented and its relationship with outcomes remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of 4963 patients aged ≥65 years who were admitted to the National Institute for Health and Scientific Research for the Elderly (IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy) between 2012 and 2020 and received at least one nutritional consultation. We examined associations between timing and type of nutritional interventions, the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI), and clinical outcomes, including in-hospital mortality and length of hospital stay (LOS). We also analyzed the prevalence of different complications during Medical Nutritional Therapy (MNT).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only 11% of hospitalized patients received a nutritional consultation. Among them, in-hospital mortality was 35.8%. The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index was a significant predictor of mortality (HR 1.89; 95% CI: 1.55-2.31; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and inversely associated with LOS, reflecting a frail subset of patients with complex clinical conditions. The timing of nutritional consultation showed no significant association with mortality or LOS, possibly due to relatively prompt intervention (median 4 days). Enteral (EN) and parenteral nutrition (PN) were more frequently prescribed to non-survivors. Medical nutrition therapy-related complications were also more common in non-survivors (22.3% vs. 14%, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Artificial nutrition (AN) was not associated with increased mortality, but it was associated with prolonged hospital stays both in survivors and in non-survivors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings highlight the limited use of nutritional consultations in hospitalized elderly patients despite the high prevalence of malnutrition and its prognostic relevance. The GNRI is a valuable tool for early risk stratification and clinical decision-making. Systematic screening and timely nutritional intervention, integrated with broader therapeutic goals, may improve care and optimize outcomes even in this vulnerable population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Education Level and Cardioprotective Dietary Patterns in Polish Post-MI Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study Using the KomPAN Tool.","authors":"Elżbieta Szczepańska, Barbara Janota, Karolina Janion, Krzysztof Biernacki, Oskar Kowalski","doi":"10.3390/nu17183018","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17183018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Among patients who have experienced a myocardial infarction, adherence to the principles of healthy eating becomes particularly important. These behaviors may potentially depend on the level of education. <b>Objectives:</b> The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between the level of education and dietary behaviors potentially beneficial to health among patients hospitalized due to a previous myocardial infarction. <b>Methods:</b> This study includes 164 patients of the Silesian Center for Heart Diseases in Zabrze (Poland). The research tool used was the KomPAN questionnaire for assessing dietary beliefs and habits. The analysis focused on the part of the questionnaire related to the consumption of products with potentially beneficial health effects. To assess diet quality and its association with educational level, the pro-Healthy Diet Index (pHDI) was used. <b>Results:</b> The participants consumed an average of 3.42 ± 0.81 meals per day, with individuals with higher education consuming more meals daily (3.85 ± 0.78). Daily consumption of vegetables and fruits was most common among patients with higher education (69.23% and 63.16%, respectively), followed by those with secondary (47.37% and 63.16%), vocational (37.93% and 40.74%), and primary education (33.33% and 33.33%). Statistically significant correlations were observed between education level and frequency of consumption of vegetables (rs = 0.25, <i>p</i> = 0.001), fruits (rs = 0.24, <i>p</i> = 0.003), legumes (rs = 0.21, <i>p</i> = 0.009), whole grain bread (rs = 0.23, <i>p</i> = 0.006), and coarse groats (rs = 0.24, <i>p</i> = 0.002). The dietary patterns of all study groups were characterized by a moderate level of pro-health features (pHDI among all study participants was 49.87 ± 12.40 points). However, a statistically significant correlation was found between education level and the pro-health diet index (rs = 0.24, <i>p</i> = 0.002), with this index increasing with higher education levels. <b>Conclusions:</b> Dietary behaviors with potentially beneficial health effects among patients hospitalized due to a myocardial infarction may be related to education level. A higher level of education in our study is associated with more favorable dietary choices compared to a lower level of education.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472266/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Oral Administration of D-Chiro-Inositol Reverses Hippocampal Insulin and Glutamate Signaling Deficits in the 3×Tg Humanized Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Beatriz Pacheco-Sánchez, Julia Verheul-Campos, Antonio Vargas, Rubén Tovar, Miguel Rodríguez-Pozo, Juan A Navarro, Antonio J López-Gambero, Elena Baixeras, Pedro J Serrano-Castro, Juan Suárez, Carlos Sanjuan, Patricia Rivera, Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca","doi":"10.3390/nu17183024","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17183024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and Objective:</b> Humanized models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) provide valuable tools for investigating the mechanisms of this neurodegenerative disorder, the leading cause of dementia. These models enable the study of AD progression and the potential disease-modifying properties of drugs or dietary nutrients delivered through nutrition. Here, we examine molecular markers of metabolic and synaptic dysfunction in the hippocampus of 6-month-old 3×Tg-AD mice and assess whether a dietary insulin sensitizer can delay synaptic decline. <b>Methods</b>: First we characterized the molecular phenotype of 3×Tg-AD at 12 months using shotgun proteomics and phosphoproteomics to assess metabolic and synaptic changes in the hippocampus. Then, we characterized the effects of early daily oral D-chiro-inositol (DCI, <i>Gyneos</i>^®) for three months, starting at 3 months of age, to test restoration of insulin signaling and glutamatergic synaptic markers. To this end we evaluated a) insulin signaling pathway components (insulin receptor, IRS1, PI3K, AKT, GSK3β) at mRNA, protein, and phosphorylation levels, and b) the expression of glutamate receptors (mGluR5, GluR1, GluR2, NMDAR1, NMDAR2A, NMDAR2B). Sex effects were explored. <b>Results</b>: 12-month 3×Tg-AD mice exhibit metabolic and synaptic dysfunction in the hippocampus, with phosphoproteomic changes suggesting altered glutamatergic synapses. At 6 months, disruptions in insulin signaling were evident, including altered expression and phosphorylation of insulin pathway components, and changes in glutamate receptor subunits. Early DCI treatment largely reversed these alterations. Several effects showed sex dependency. <b>Conclusions:</b> Early insulin-sensitizing intervention via DCI can restore insulin signaling and counteract hippocampal synaptic impairments in this AD model, supporting the potential for nutrient-based strategies to delay synaptic decline. Sex differences underscore the need to tailor therapeutic approaches in modifying AD progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472782/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional Value, Health Properties, Safety Considerations, and Consumer Acceptance of <i>Lemnoideae</i> as Human Food.","authors":"Gabriela Zięć, Oskar Michalski, Anna Konieczna-Molenda, Tomasz Dera, Joanna Tkaczewska","doi":"10.3390/nu17183026","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17183026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The growing demand for sustainable and nutrient-rich food has drawn attention to aquatic plants, particularly those of the <i>Lemnoideae</i> subfamily, commonly known as duckweed. These fast-growing plants are rich in high-quality protein and offer an attractive alternative to traditional plant and animal protein sources, especially in the context of targeted nutrition and sustainable diets.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review is a critical assessment of <i>Lemnoideae</i> potential as a functional food ingredient for various population groups, including vegans, diabetics, the elderly, and individuals with specific dietary needs. Their amino acid profile, protein digestibility, allergenicity, and bioactive compound content are evaluated in the paper. Also examined are health-related outcomes and applications, including clinical and space nutrition, alongside current barriers such as limited consumer acceptance and regulatory hurdles.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusions: </strong><i>Lemnoideae</i> demonstrate a favorable amino acid profile, high digestibility, and low allergenic potential. They are a source of bioactive compounds with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, and show promising effects in managing metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Legal approvals in the EU and U.S. mark a shift towards broader acceptance. While sensory attributes and consumer unfamiliarity remain challenges, the findings allow us to highlight <i>Lemnoideae</i> as a promising next-generation plant protein source that could contribute to sustainable food systems and support the development of novel functional foods tailored to specific dietary needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472376/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking Hopeaphenol: A Potent Ally Against Cardiac Hypertrophy via AMPK Activation.","authors":"Jinhong Chen, Mengyuan Wang, Zhongzheng Zhang, Chongkai Fang, Haowen Zhuang, Jiaqi Zhao, Tianyu Wang, Junyan Wang, Chun Li, Chunping Fang","doi":"10.3390/nu17183025","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17183025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Abnormal mitochondrial energy metabolism is a key factor in the development and progression of cardiac hypertrophy. Hopeaphenol (HP), a tetramer of the natural polyphenol resveratrol, exhibits higher biological activity than resveratrol, but its specific role in cardiac hypertrophy and underlying mechanisms remains unclear. <b>Methods:</b> This study explored the protective effect and mechanism of hopeaphenol on cardiac hypertrophy through in vivo and in vitro experiments. In in vivo experiments, transverse aortic constriction (TAC) was used to induce cardiac hypertrophy in mice; HE, Masson, and WGA staining were applied to observe myocardial changes, ELISA was used to detect animal serum indicators, and the Cellular Thermal Shift Assay (CETSA) was conducted to verify the interaction between hopeaphenol and AMPK. In in vitro experiments, angiotensin II (Ang II) was used to induce hypertrophy of HL-1 cardiomyocytes, and the AMPK-specific inhibitor Compound C was employed to confirm the role of the AMPK pathway. <b>Results:</b> In in vivo experiments, TAC-induced cardiac hypertrophy in mice was characterized by left ventricular cavity enlargement and decreased ejection fraction; hopeaphenol treatment significantly improved these cardiac function indices, and HE, Masson, and WGA staining confirmed that hopeaphenol could restore cardiomyocyte morphology and reduce fibrosis. ELISA results of animal serum showed that hopeaphenol could improve metabolic disorders in TAC mice. Furthermore, CETSA confirmed a direct interaction between hopeaphenol and AMPK. In in vitro experiments, hopeaphenol reduced Ang II-induced hypertrophy and apoptosis of HL-1 cardiomyocytes, enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential, and decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels by activating the AMPK pathway; moreover, the AMPK-specific inhibitor Compound C blocked these effects. This suggests that hopeaphenol's cardioprotective effect is largely mediated by AMPK activation. <b>Conclusions:</b> The protective effect of hopeaphenol on cardiac hypertrophy is highly dependent on the activation of the AMPK signaling pathway, with CETSA and molecular docking supporting direct binding between hopeaphenol and AMPK; this pathway improves mitochondrial dysfunction through AMPK, thereby alleviating heart failure caused by pressure overload. This finding identifies hopeaphenol as a potential candidate for further development in the prevention and treatment of heart failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472553/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Review of the Effects of Plant-Based Foods on Metabolic Outcomes in Adults with MASLD and Comorbidities Such as Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Type 2 Diabetes.","authors":"Joanna Michalina Jurek, Katarzyna Zablocka-Slowinska, Joanna Pieczynska, Helena Clavero Mestres, Teresa Auguet","doi":"10.3390/nu17183020","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17183020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has become one of the most prevalent liver diseases, affecting up to 40% of adults and strongly associated with obesity and metabolic dysfunction. Despite the lack of approved pharmacological treatments, dietary interventions with plant-based foods, including the Mediterranean diet (MED), rich in numerous bioactive compounds may offer benefits for metabolic health and hepatic function. However, the role of individual plant foods in MASLD management remains unclear. <b>Objectives</b>: This review investigates the effects of specific plant-based foods, consumed as part of the MED and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASHs) diet, on metabolic outcomes, including hepatic function, in MASLD patients alone or in combination with comorbidities such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). <b>Methods</b>: A systematic search was registered and conducted across nine databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) carried out in adults with MASLD and published between January 2020 and May 2025, following PRISMA guidelines. <b>Results</b>: Plant-based interventions including oranges, whole-grain products (WGPs), high-fiber buns (HFBs), beetroot juice (BJ), garlic, ginger, flaxseed, spirulina, rapeseed oil, sour tea, and green coffee extract (GCE) demonstrated mixed effects on metabolic and hepatic outcomes. GCE, flaxseed, and rapeseed oil improved anthropometric measures, while sour tea and ginger supported blood pressure control. WGPs, GCE, flaxseed, rapeseed oil, spirulina, ginger, and garlic were beneficial for glycemic regulation, whereas WGPs, HFBs, BJ, golden flaxseed, rapeseed oil, and garlic improved lipid profiles. Liver enzymes improved following consumption of WGPs, BJ, sour tea, flaxseed oil, and garlic, and hepatic steatosis was reduced after intake of oranges, WGPs, HFBs, BJ, flaxseed powder, rapeseed oil, and garlic powder. Conversely, a solely fruit-rich diet (FRD) had negative effects across all outcomes. <b>Conclusions</b>: Plant-based foods improved metabolic outcomes, with WGPs, HFBs, beetroot, oranges, sour tea, flaxseed oil, and garlic providing specific benefits for liver health. Further research is needed to validate these effects and ensure their safety in MASLD management.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional Status Is Not a Predictor of Anaphylaxis Severity in a Pediatric Cohort: A Retrospective Analysis.","authors":"Izabela Kucharek, Krzysztof Przystał-Dyszyński, Aleksandra Godyńska, Maria Gregorczyk, Adam J Sybilski","doi":"10.3390/nu17183023","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17183023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Childhood obesity is a pro-inflammatory state associated with poorer outcomes in chronic allergic diseases, such as asthma, and in adults, it is a recognized risk factor for more severe anaphylaxis. However, whether this association extends to the pediatric population remains unclear. <b>Objectives</b>: The aim of this study was to assess the association between nutritional status, as measured by Body Mass Index (BMI), and anaphylaxis severity and presentation in a cohort of hospitalized children. <b>Methods</b>: We retrospectively assessed the association between BMI categories (underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese) and the severity (WAO grading) and clinical presentation of anaphylaxis in 199 hospitalized children (0-18 years). <b>Results</b>: No statistically significant association was found between BMI categories and anaphylaxis severity (χ² = 7.06, <i>p</i> = 0.861). Severe reactions (WAO grades 4-5) were rare across BMI categories, occurring in 0% of underweight, 3.8% of normal-weight, 9.1% of overweight, and 7.7% of obese children. In regression analyses adjusting for age, sex, asthma, and atopic dermatitis, BMI was not an independent predictor of anaphylaxis severity, whether considered as a categorical or continuous variable (all odds ratios non-significant, 95% CIs crossing 1). Similarly, organ system involvement did not differ between BMI groups (all <i>p</i> > 0.05). <b>Conclusions</b>: In this pediatric cohort, contrary to findings in adults, we did not find nutritional status to be a predictor of anaphylaxis severity or presentation. This suggests obesity's role as a risk factor may be age-dependent and that adult data should be extrapolated to children with caution.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feeding Models in Classical Phenylketonuria: Do They Make a Difference in Infant Sleep?","authors":"Ezgi Burgaç, Ebru Çiçek Türköz, Adnan Barutçu, Fatma Derya Bulut, Deniz Kor, Tuğçe Kartal, Sema Uzunoğlu, Esra Kara, Burcu Köseci, İrem Kaplan, Nazlı Totik, Neslihan Onenli Mungan","doi":"10.3390/nu17183022","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17183022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inherited metabolic disorder that requires early diagnosis and strict phenylalanine (Phe)-restricted diet to prevent neurocognitive impairment. Various infant feeding models have been used to achieve optimal metabolic control during early life. The aim of this study was to compare two different feeding models for infants with classical PKU in terms of metabolic control, growth parameters, micronutrient status, the process of introducing complementary foods, and with a particular focus on sleep quality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective observational study, 26 infants with classical PKU were followed for 12 months. Patients were assigned to one of two feeding groups: Group-1 received breast milk and Phe-free formula in alternating feeds, while Group-2 received Phe-free formula followed by breastfeeding until satiety. Blood Phe, micronutrient levels and anthropometric measurements were recorded. Sleep quality was evaluated using the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire-Revised (BISQ-R). A structured set of parental questions was used to evaluate their experiences during the complementary feeding period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistically significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of blood Phe levels, anthropometric measurements, serum levels of iron, ferritin, vitamin-B12, vitamin-D, and zinc. Complementary feeding tolerance were similar across the groups. The BISQ-R analysis revealed no significant differences between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both feeding models were equally effective in maintaining metabolic control, supporting normal growth, complementary feeding processes, and preserving sleep quality during infancy. These findings suggest that either approach can be adopted based on the preference of the caregiver and the practicality of the clinical setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12473024/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Media Consumption and Risk of Addiction Associated with Adolescent Disordered Eating Behaviour: An Observational Analysis.","authors":"María Peréz-Jiménez, María Del Mar Uclés-Torrente, Gema Esperanza Ruiz-Gamarra, Manuel Vaquero-Álvarez, Isabel Maria Blancas-Sánchez, Pilar Aparicio-Martínez, Manuel Vaquero-Abellán","doi":"10.3390/nu17183017","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17183017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine the association between social media (SM) use and content exposure with the risk of developing eating disorders (EDs) among adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive observational study was conducted using a structured questionnaire incorporating validated scales. The instrument assessed quantitative and qualitative variables related to eating habits, SM usage, self-esteem, and body image. The sample comprised students aged 12-17 years from a school in Córdoba, Spain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 115 students participated in the study. Among them, 43.5% were identified as being at risk of developing EDs. Of this subgroup, 54.0% were female, with male gender appearing as a protective factor against ED risk. A significant association was found between increased hours of SM use and higher ED risk, with an odds ratio (OR) of 5.54 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.03-14.33).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest that low self-esteem and negative body image are key factors associated with increased ED risk, and that SM may act as an amplifying influence. Preventive interventions should focus on enhancing self-esteem and fostering critical and conscious engagement with SM among adolescents to mitigate the development of eating disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}