Nutrients最新文献

{"title":"Gnetin C in Cancer and Other Diseases: What Do We Know So Far?","authors":"Gisella Campanelli, Anait S Levenson","doi":"10.3390/nu17050863","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17050863","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stilbenes are a class of natural polyphenols with multiple positive pharmacologic assets such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. While monomeric stilbenes, represented mostly by resveratrol and pterostilbene, have been studied intensely in the last two decades, oligomeric compounds, which may have better prospects of becoming potent nutraceuticals, are much less studied. The goal of this review is to compile all available literature to date on the beneficial pharmacologic effects of Gnetin C, a resveratrol dimer, in cancer and other diseases. While studies have shown the beneficial effects of Gnetin C, as a single compound or a component of melinjo seed extract, through cellular models, in vivo preclinical studies are still lacking. This is except for prostate cancer, where various animal models, including xenografts and transgenic mice, have been used to evaluate Gnetin C's more potent anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects compared to resveratrol and its monomeric analogs. Since Gnetin C's safety has already been demonstrated in healthy volunteers, it is now logical to evaluate its efficacy for prostate cancer chemoprevention, interception and therapy in clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Choline During Pregnancy and Child Neurodevelopment: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Observational Studies.","authors":"Jacqueline F Gould, Sonia Hines, Karen P Best, Luke E Grzeskowiak, Olivia Jansen, Tim J Green","doi":"10.3390/nu17050886","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17050886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Most pregnant women have choline intakes below recommendations. Animal studies suggest that choline supplementation during pregnancy improves cognitive outcomes in the offspring. This review aims to determine whether higher choline levels during pregnancy are associated with improved child brain development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically reviewed the evidence for the role of choline in pregnancy for human neurodevelopment in clinical trials and observational studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified four randomized trials of choline supplementation in pregnancy and five observational studies of prenatal choline. Neurodevelopmental assessments of these studies were reported across 20 eligible publications. Within both the trials and observational studies, most neurodevelopmental outcomes assessed did not support the hypothesis that higher prenatal choline benefits neurodevelopment. Among identified clinical trials, there were some instances where children whose mothers received choline supplementation had a better score on a neurodevelopmental measure. Still, each trial included multiple outcomes, and most were null. Observational studies were mixed as to whether an association between prenatal choline and an aspect of child neurodevelopment was identified. Critical limitations were present across clinical trials and observational studies, preventing confidence in the results and evidence base.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Current evidence is insufficient to support or refute the hypothesis that increasing choline intake in pregnancy improves the neurodevelopmental outcomes of the child.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Marasmic Malnutrition on Visceral Leishmaniasis: Progression and Treatment Efficacy in a Murine Model.","authors":"Taiana Ferreira-Paes, Luiza F O Gervazoni, Paula Seixas-Costa, Paula Mello De Luca, Elmo Eduardo Almeida-Amaral","doi":"10.3390/nu17050849","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17050849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Malnutrition and visceral leishmaniasis are major public health problems that are responsible for millions of deaths across many countries. Leishmaniasis development and progression are associated with the host immune status. In this context, malnutrition can directly affect the course of leishmaniasis, impairing several components of the immune system. Moreover, malnutrition directly interferes with the tropism of <i>Leishmania</i> in organs, affecting host susceptibility. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the influence of nutritional status on the establishment, progression, and treatment of <i>Leishmania infantum</i> infection in malnourished and refed mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>BALB/c mice were fed either a control or restricted diet, infected with <i>L. infantum</i> promastigotes, and treated with meglumine antimoniate, the standard drug for treating visceral leishmaniasis. The effects of infection were evaluated through limiting dilution analysis (LDA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with control mice, malnourished and refed mice presented a lower parasitic load in the spleen, which correlated with spleen atrophy, and the refeeding process partially reversed but did not fully rescue the infection status. Both groups presented a high parasitic load in the liver. Marasmic malnutrition appeared to impair the efficacy of leishmaniasis treatment; however, the refed groups exhibited a robust decrease in the parasite load, which was comparable to that in the control group subjected to treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our data suggested that marasmic malnutrition affects the establishment and progression of <i>Leishmania</i> infection, in addition to reducing the efficacy of standard treatment. Furthermore, the refeeding intervention used did not fully reverse the observed effects. These findings highlight the potential importance of nutritional interventions in the clinical management of visceral leishmaniasis in malnourished populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901435/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Plasma Choline, High Trimethylamine Oxide, and Altered Phosphatidylcholine Subspecies Are Prevalent in Cystic Fibrosis Patients with Pancreatic Insufficiency.","authors":"Wolfgang Bernhard, Anna Shunova, Julia Boriga, Ute Graepler-Mainka, Johannes Hilberath","doi":"10.3390/nu17050868","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17050868","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in cystic fibrosis (CF) increases fecal choline losses, but the postnatal course of plasma choline and its metabolites in these patients is unknown. While choline homeostasis is crucial for cellular, bile, and lipoprotein metabolism, via phosphatidylcholine (PC) and via betaine as a methyl donor, choline deficiency is associated with impaired lung and liver function, including hepatic steatosis.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The goal of our study was to evaluate the plasma levels of choline, betaine, trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), PC, and PC subclasses in CF patients from infancy to adulthood and compare those with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) to those with pancreatic sufficiency (EPS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective analysis of target parameters in plasma samples (July 2015-November 2023) of CF patients (0.64-24.6 years) with tandem mass spectrometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 477 samples from 162 CF patients were analyzed. In CF patients with EPI (N = 148), plasma choline and betaine concentrations were lower and decreased with age compared to EPS patients showing normal values. TMAO concentrations, indicating intestinal choline degradation by bacterial colonization, were frequently elevated in EPI from infancy onwards, and inversely related to plasma choline and betaine levels. PC-containing linoleic acid levels were lower in EPI, but arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acid content was similar in both patient groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CF patients with EPI are at risk of choline and betaine deficiency compared to exocrine pancreas-sufficient CF patients. Elevated TMAO concentrations in EPI patients indicate increased bacterial colonization leading to choline degradation before absorption. These findings indicate that laboratory testing of choline, betaine, and TMAO as well as clinical trials on choline supplementation are warranted in CF patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901616/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Detrimental Impact of Ultra-Processed Foods on the Human Gut Microbiome and Gut Barrier.","authors":"Debora Rondinella, Pauline Celine Raoul, Eleonora Valeriani, Irene Venturini, Marco Cintoni, Andrea Severino, Francesca Sofia Galli, Vincenzina Mora, Maria Cristina Mele, Giovanni Cammarota, Antonio Gasbarrini, Emanuele Rinninella, Gianluca Ianiro","doi":"10.3390/nu17050859","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17050859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) have become a widely consumed food category in modern diets. However, their impact on gut health is raising increasing concerns. This review investigates how UPFs impact the gut microbiome and gut barrier, emphasizing gut dysbiosis and increased gut permeability. UPFs, characterized by a high content of synthetic additives and emulsifiers, and low fiber content, are associated with a decrease in microbial diversity, lower levels of beneficial bacteria like <i>Akkermansia muciniphila</i> and <i>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii</i>, and an increase in pro-inflammatory microorganisms. These alterations in the microbial community contribute to persistent inflammation, which is associated with various chronic disorders including metabolic syndrome, irritable bowel syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and colorectal cancer. In addition, UPFs may alter the gut-brain axis, potentially affecting cognitive function and mental health. Dietary modifications incorporating fiber, fermented foods, and probiotics can help mitigate the effects of UPFs. Furthermore, the public needs stricter regulations for banning UPFs, along with well-defined food labels. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the mechanisms connecting UPFs to gut dysbiosis and systemic illnesses, thereby informing evidence-based dietary guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901572/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Breast Milk at Two Weeks of Age in Relation to Neurodevelopment in 2-Year-Old Children Born Extremely Preterm: An Explorative Trial.","authors":"Erik Wejryd, Erik Freiholtz Jern, Giovanna Marchini, Ulrika Åden, Eva Landberg, Thomas Abrahamsson","doi":"10.3390/nu17050832","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17050832","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i> Preventing neurodevelopmental impairment after extremely preterm birth remains challenging. While breast milk feeding is linked to better neurodevelopment, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This study explored the association between individual human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) and neurodevelopment at two years of age in extremely preterm children. <i>Methods:</i> Milk samples from mothers of 76 extremely preterm infants collected at two weeks after birth were analyzed for 15 dominant HMOs. Register data from examination and Bayley-III neurodevelopmental assessment at two years' corrected age was retrieved and categorized into levels of impairment. An exploratory analysis examined associations between the HMO composition and neurodevelopment. <i>Results:</i> Bioinformatic volcano plots revealed associations between specific HMOs and outcomes: 3FL with less neurodevelopmental impairment, LSTb with higher Bayley-III cognitive scores, and LSTa with worse neurodevelopmental impairment outcomes. Spearman correlations indicated LSTa was linked to more neurodevelopmental impairment (<i>p</i> = 0.018), lower language (<i>p</i> = 0.009), and motor (<i>p</i> = 0.02) scores, whereas 3FL correlated with less neurodevelopmental impairment (<i>p</i> = 0.02). Dichotomized analysis showed LSTa was associated with more neurodevelopmental impairment and lower language scores (<i>p</i> < 0.05), 3FL with milder neurodevelopmental impairment (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and LSTb with better cognitive (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and language (<i>p</i> < 0.05) scores. No significant associations were found for HMO diversity, total sialic acid content, or secretor/Lewis patterns. <i>Conclusions:</i> In this explorative hypothesis-generating study, certain HMOs appeared to be associated with both potentially beneficial and adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in extremely preterm infants. However, these findings should be interpreted with caution, as they do not constitute evidence but rather serve as a preliminary foundation for future hypothesis-driven research.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11902041/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Vitamin D Supplementation in Critically Ill Patients-A Narrative Review of Randomized Controlled Trials Published in the Last 5 Years.","authors":"Shan Wang, Ruodi Ren, Kunkun Wang, Christopher Leo, Mengyan Li, Allison Chow, Andrew K Yang, Yun Lu","doi":"10.3390/nu17050816","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17050816","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among intensive care unit (ICU) patients is potentially associated with an increased risk of mechanical ventilation, sepsis, prolonged hospital stays, and mortality. Although ICU patient care has significantly improved in recent years, the role of vitamin D supplementation remains under investigation. A literature review was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane databases, focusing on randomized controlled trials published in the past five years on vitamin D supplementation in adult ICU patients. Patients' baseline vitamin D levels, administration routes, doses, biomarker changes, mechanical ventilation duration, length of hospital stay, and mortality were analyzed. Although vitamin D supplementation appears safe and may reduce ICU stay duration and mechanical ventilation time and improve SOFA scores, its impact on overall mortality remains uncertain. Routine supplementation for all ICU patients is not currently recommended; clinical decisions should consider individual baseline vitamin D levels, patient characteristics, severity of illness, doses, and administration methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Cardiovascular Effects of Turkish Coffee Assessed by VO₂ Test: A Randomized Crossover Trial.","authors":"Nour A Elsahoryi, Mohammed O Ibrahim, Omar A Alhaj, Fadwa Hammouh","doi":"10.3390/nu17050823","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17050823","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Turkish coffee (TC), a traditional unfiltered coffee preparation method, contains unique bioactive compounds due to its specific brewing process. While TC's cultural significance is well-documented, its acute physiological and psychological effects remain understudied.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This randomized, controlled crossover trial investigated the acute effects of a standardized TC dose (3 mg caffeine/kg body weight) on metabolic and psychological parameters in healthy female university students (n = 52, age: 20.25 ± 1.20 years).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>TC was prepared with a 1:1 ratio of medium and dark roasted Arabica beans. The chemical analysis showed the caffeine content to be 2.8 ± 0.3 mg/mL and the chlorogenic acid content to be 1.9 ± 0.2 mg/ml. Participants were randomized to receive either TC or water control, with a washout period of 8 weeks between treatments. Cardiovascular parameters, metabolic markers, and validated visual analog scales (VAS) were assessed at baseline, 60-, 90-, and 120-min post-consumption.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Heart rate showed significant time-dependent reductions in both groups (control: <i>p</i> < 0.05; TC: <i>p</i>-value < 0.01 at 60, 90, and 120 min vs. baseline). Heart rate dropped significantly in the Turkish coffee group, from 78.0 ± 10.2 bpm at baseline to 71.5 ± 9.5 bpm after 90 min (<i>p</i>-value = 0.002). Sleep scores also declined, from 4.38 ± 2.91 at baseline to 1.88 ± 1.45 after 120 min (<i>p</i> < 0.05), indicating a stimulating effect of caffeine. TC consumption significantly affected appetite sensations (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and sleep scores (F = 3.174, <i>p</i>-value = 0.029), with the TC group showing progressive reductions in sleep scores from baseline (4.38 ± 2.91) to 60 min (2.58 ± 2.04), and further decreases at 90 and 120 min.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that TC exerts significant acute effects on cardiovascular function and psychophysiological parameters in healthy young females, potentially due to its unique phytochemical profile and preparation method.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901579/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i> TW01 Mitigates PM_2.5-Induced Lung Injury and Improves Gut Health in Mice.","authors":"Siou-Min Luo, Ming-Ju Chen","doi":"10.3390/nu17050831","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17050831","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives</b>: Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) causes significant respiratory and gastrointestinal health problems. In our prior research, we identified <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i> TW01 as a promising strain for mitigating oxidative damage, enhancing wound healing in intestinal epithelial cells, and protecting bronchial cells from cigarette smoke extract. Building upon these findings, this study examines the protective effects of this strain on lung damage induced by particulate matter (PM) through the gut-lung axis in mouse models. <b>Methods</b>: This study evaluated the protective effects of <i>L. acidophilus</i> TW01 against PM_2.5-induced lung injury using two in vivo mouse models (OVA sensitization combined with PM_2.5 exposure and DSS-induced colitis). <b>Results</b>: <i>L. acidophilus</i> TW01 exhibited significant protective effects in two in-vivo models, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-5), modulating the immune response (IgG subtypes), and improving gut barrier integrity. Importantly, <i>L. acidophilus</i> TW01 increased the abundance of beneficial gut bacteria (<i>Bifidobacterium</i> and <i>Lactobacillus</i>). <b>Conclusions</b>: These findings highlight the significant protective/therapeutic potential of <i>L. acidophilus</i> TW01 in mitigating the adverse health effects of PM_2.5 exposure, emphasizing the interplay between the gut and lung microbiomes in overall health. The multi-faceted protective effects of this probiotic suggest a novel, multi-pronged therapeutic strategy for addressing the widespread health consequences of air pollution.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901689/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anserine, Balenine, and Ergothioneine: Impact of Histidine-Containing Compounds on Exercise Performance-A Narrative Review.","authors":"Maciej Jędrejko, Katarzyna Kała, Bożena Muszyńska","doi":"10.3390/nu17050828","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17050828","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Histidine is an amino acid which plays a critical role in protein synthesis, muscle buffering during anaerobic exercise, and antioxidation. It also acts as a precursor to carnosine, a dipeptide that enhances physical performance by being present in fast-contracting muscle fibers and contributing to buffering capacity. Recent studies have examined other histidine-containing compounds, such as anserine, balenine, and ergothioneine, to assess their potential benefits for physical activity. This narrative review focuses on the literature about the effects of dietary supplementation with these histidine-containing compounds on exercise capacity in animals and humans. The findings indicate that anserine may improve physical performance and reduce fatigue, particularly in quick, repetitive activities. Although balenine has been less extensively studied, it has shown promise in enhancing muscle regeneration and antioxidative defense in animal models. Ergothioneine, a sulfur-containing histidine derivative, displayed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in both animal and human studies, suggesting its potential role in reducing exercise-induced oxidative stress and aiding recovery. The diversity of the presented studies and their limitations do not provide an opportunity to confirm the ergogenic properties of the histidine-containing compounds studied. Nevertheless, supplementation with anserine and ergothioneine shows promise for enhancing physical performance and recovery, though further research is required to better understand their mechanisms and optimize their use in sports and exercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11901597/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}