Nutrients最新文献

{"title":"Nutraceutical Strategies for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD): A Path to Liver Health.","authors":"Emmanouil Vrentzos, George Pavlidis, Emmanouil Korakas, Aikaterini Kountouri, Loukia Pliouta, George D Dimitriadis, Vaia Lambadiari","doi":"10.3390/nu17101657","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101657","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>MASLD (Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease) is a growing global concern. Nutraceuticals offer an appealing approach by targeting key mechanisms, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, lipid metabolism, and insulin resistance. This narrative review examines the role of various nutraceuticals in MASLD treatment, including silymarin, vitamin E, omega-3, curcumin, berberine, and coenzyme Q10. Some of them show promising biochemical and metabolic changes, while others produce conflicting results due to relevant studies' design and endpoints. To bridge the gap between research and reality, we summarize the data, create an interpretation heatmap, and develop a practical supplement guide. Regardless of their potential, nutraceuticals should be viewed as add-ons to lifestyle interventions rather than standalone treatments. Future research should focus on well-designed, long-term studies to prove efficacy, dosing, and combination strategies for personalized MASLD management.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113997/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Importance of Vitamin D and Magnesium in Athletes.","authors":"Ligia J Dominguez, Nicola Veronese, Francesco Saverio Ragusa, Salvatore Maria Baio, Francesco Sgrò, Arcangelo Russo, Giuseppe Battaglia, Antonino Bianco, Mario Barbagallo","doi":"10.3390/nu17101655","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101655","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vitamin D and magnesium are essential nutrients that play key roles in an athlete's performance, recovery, and overall health. Vitamin D is crucial for bone health (aiding calcium absorption and preventing stress fractures), muscle function (preventing weakness and injury), and reducing respiratory infections. Magnesium is fundamental in muscle function, adenosine triphosphate production for muscle contraction, electrolyte balance, bone strength, and cardiovascular health. The magnesium requirement of healthy adults is estimated at 300-400 mg/day, but there is evidence that athletes may have higher magnesium needs compared to sedentary persons. Magnesium and vitamin D are closely linked-vitamin D aids magnesium absorption, while magnesium is vital for vitamin D synthesis, transport, and activation. Given their importance in athletes, this article explores their functions, interactions, and the effects of deficiencies and supplementation in athletic populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12114196/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daily Eating Window and Obesity Markers in a Sample of Schoolchildren from Vienna: Insights from the EDDY Study.","authors":"Paula Moliterno, Victoria Donhauser, Kurt Widhalm","doi":"10.3390/nu17101661","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101661","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>The eating window concept has been understudied in children, with no reports from Austria. This study explored meal timing and its association with obesity-related variables in a sample of Viennese schoolchildren. The effect of a healthy intervention on obesity variables according to the daily eating window was assessed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The EDDY study included 138 third-grade students from three Vienna schools. Baseline meal timing was assessed using self-administered questionnaires, and the daily eating window-the time between the first and last meal-was calculated and categorized into tertiles. Anthropometric and body fat measurements were taken at baseline and after 21 months. Baseline outcomes were compared between children with long (LEW; 3rd tertile) and short (SEW; 1st tertile) eating windows using adjusted linear regression analysis. Longitudinal changes were analyzed using mixed models for repeated measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age was 7.9 years, and 26.8% were classified with overweight/obesity. The children's eating window spanned 11:40 h, from 7:00 to 19:00. More than half (52.2%) reported fasting 1-2 h before bed. Children had four daily meals; 16.4% skipped breakfast, while 51.5% ate it regularly. Meal timing variables did not differ by weight status. Children with a LEW (≥12:05 h) had lower BMI-SDS (-0.66) and fat mass index (-1.06) than those with a SEW (≤11:05 h). No longitudinal changes in BMI-SDS, fat mass index, or waist-to-height ratio were observed across eating window tertiles following the intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In a non-representative sample of Viennese children, the eating window ranged from 9:30 to 13:30 h, similar to Austrian adults but differing from other Western European countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12114318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective Effects of a Standardized Water Extract from the Stem of <i>Ipomoea batatas</i> L. Against High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity.","authors":"Chae-Won Lee, Ye Seul Yoon, Young-Seo Yoon, Kyung-Sook Chung, Mi-Ju Kim, Geonha Park, Minsik Choi, Young-Pyo Jang, Kyung-Tae Lee","doi":"10.3390/nu17101643","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Obesity is a major health concern that can lead to various chronic diseases. Little is known about the anti-obesity effect of a standardized hot water extract from the stems of <i>Ipomoea batatas</i> (WIB). This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of WIB as a natural alternative to conventional anti-obesity treatments by assessing its effects on body weight, fat accumulation, and key metabolic biomarkers in a high-fat diet-induced obesity model. <b>Methods:</b> A high-fat diet (HFD) induced obesity in C57BL/6 mice. The mice were then treated orally with either orlistat (positive control) or WIB. Changes in body weight, food intake, and fat weight were measured, along with blood lipid profiles and adipokines. Western blot analyses were conducted to determine protein levels in each tissue. H&E staining in white adipose tissue and liver, and the gut microbiota composition were analyzed. <b>Results:</b> WIB treatment significantly reduced body weight and fat mass compared to the HFD group and demonstrated comparable effects to orlistat. WIB improved blood lipid profiles and adipokine levels. H&E staining revealed reduced fat accumulation in the white adipose tissue and liver. Also in those tissues, WIB restored expression levels of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα) and increased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation. In brown adipose tissue, WIB enhanced AMPK phosphorylation and upregulated thermogenic-related proteins, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1), and cytochrome C oxidase subunit 4 (COX-IV). Analysis of gut microbiota revealed that WIB normalized β-diversity and reversed HFD-induced phyla imbalances (notably in <i>Bacteroidetes</i>, <i>Firmicutes</i>, and <i>Proteobacteria</i>). <b>Conclusions:</b> By reducing adiposity under the conditions tested in a murine model, improving metabolic markers, and favorably modulating gut microbiota, WIB demonstrates potential in mitigating obesity-related risks. These findings suggest that WIB may serve as a promising natural substance for the management of obesity. Further studies are warranted to confirm its efficacy and explore the potential underlying mechanisms in overweight or obese humans as a health supplement to help manage or prevent obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption and Associated Health Risks Awareness Among University Students in Kuwait: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Tasleem A Zafar, Dalal U Z Alkazemi, Hasan Muthafar, Hommam Alanzi, Jiwan S Sidhu","doi":"10.3390/nu17101646","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101646","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Excessive consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) is linked to various health risks, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. University students are particularly vulnerable due to lifestyle factors and high consumption patterns. <b>Objective:</b> This cross-sectional survey examined SSB consumption patterns, sugar intake, and awareness of health risks among Kuwait University students. <b>Methods:</b> Statistical analyses, including chi-square tests and logistic regression models, were conducted using SPSS. <b>Results:</b> Findings revealed a high prevalence of SSB consumption, with significant associations between intake levels and demographic characteristics. Regular soda was the most consumed SSB, with 42% of students drinking it 5-6 times per week and 32% consuming it daily. The median daily sugar intake from soda alone was 38 g, approaching or exceeding recommended limits. Overall, 34% of students were classified as high-sugar consumers. Males had a higher total sugar intake, while females consumed SSBs more frequently. Greater health awareness was associated with lower sugar consumption, such as obesity (OR = 0.142, 95% CI = 0.046-0.435, <i>p</i> < 0.001), whereas students who were aware of the sugar content in SSBs and who preferred unsweetened fruit juices had significantly lower sugar intake from SSBs (OR = 0.653, 95% CI = 0.435-0.980, <i>p</i> = 0.040; OR = 0.447, 95% CI = 0.295, 0.675; <i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively). <b>Conclusions</b>: The findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions-such as educational campaigns and policy measures-to reduce SSB consumption and promote healthier dietary habits among young adults in Kuwait.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12114537/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the Gut Microbiota: How Dietary Habits Shape Health Through Microbiome Modulation.","authors":"Xi Wang","doi":"10.3390/nu17101650","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101650","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This Editorial provides an overview of the Special Issue \"Dietary Habit, Gut Microbiome, and Human Health\" which was recently published in <i>Nutrients</i> [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetes-Related Dietary Patterns and Endometrial Cancer Risk and Survival in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Study.","authors":"Luisa Torres-Laiton, Leila Luján-Barroso, Núria Nadal-Zaragoza, Carlota Castro-Espin, Paula Jakszyn, Camilla Panico, Charlotte Le Cornet, Christina C Dahm, Dafina Petrova, Daniel Ángel Rodríguez-Palacios, Franziska Jannasch, Giovanna Masala, Laure Dossus, Lisa Padroni, Marcela Guevara, Matthias B Schulze, Renée T Fortner, Rosario Tumino, Marta Crous-Bou","doi":"10.3390/nu17101645","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101645","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Endometrial cancer (EC)'s major risk factors include obesity and diabetes, both strongly related with lifestyle choices and dietary factors. Our study aimed to evaluate the relationship between diabetes-related dietary patterns, EC risk, and survival in a population of middle-aged European women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 285,418 female participants from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study were included in the analysis. After a mean time of 10.6 years of follow-up, 1955 incident EC cases were registered; of those, 133 women died from EC. The Empirical Dietary Index for Insulin Resistance (EDIR), the Empirical Dietary Index for Hyperinsulinemia (EDIH), and the Diabetes Risk Reduction Diet (DRRD), were estimated from dietary information collected at baseline from EPIC participants. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the association between the dietary patterns and EC risk, using hazard ratios (HR), 95% confidence intervals (CI), and adjusting for relevant confounders. Cox and Fine-Gray models were used to assess the association with overall and EC-specific mortality, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher adherence to EDIR was associated with an increased risk of EC, multivariable HR for T3vsT1 were 1.17 (95% CI = 1.04 to1.31). However, when BMI was included in the models, these associations became weaker and no longer statistically significant. No associations were observed in relation to adherence to EDIH, DRRD, and EC risk. No associations were found in relation to diabetes-related dietary patterns and mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the potential role of diabetes related dietary patterns and EC etiology and prevention. Further studies are warranted to better understand the role of etiology-derived dietary patterns and disease prevention and prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12114188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional Status Assessment of Newborns: Comparison of the CAN Score (Metcoff Methodology), Growth Curves, Anthropometry, and Plicometry.","authors":"Maria L Felix, Carmen Basantes, Susana Nicola, Susana Hidalgo, Patricia Guevara-Ramírez, Santiago Cadena-Ullauri, Ana Karina Zambrano","doi":"10.3390/nu17101642","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101642","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fetal malnutrition, characterized by inadequate fat and muscle accretion during intrauterine development, has been linked to adverse outcomes, ranging from neonatal complications to long-term developmental and metabolic disorders. Traditionally, growth curves and birth weight have guided the assessment of newborns' nutritional status; however, these measures often do not accurately reflect changes in body composition. This review compares several evaluation methods-CAN score (Metcoff methodology), body mass index (BMI), Ponderal Index (PI), McLaren Index, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), and plicometry-to provide suggestions on selecting the most appropriate approach, depending on the healthcare setting and population needs. Findings from multiple international studies indicate that the CAN score and BMI are among the most accurate tools, offering better sensitivity and specificity than traditional anthropometric indicators. The CAN score, based on a clinical observation of fat deposits, skin texture, and muscle tone, has been widely used in Latin America and remains a practical and cost-effective option. Nonetheless, recent research suggests that BMI, mainly when used alongside the PI, may outperform the CAN score in certain contexts. Considering the complexity of fetal nutritional assessments, integrating multiple methods enhances the diagnostic accuracy. Early identification of malnourished newborns is essential for timely intervention and improved long-term outcomes. Standardizing these diagnostic tools globally could advance efforts to reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality by 2030.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Early Nutrition on Premature Infants.","authors":"Rita C Silveira, Renato S Procianoy","doi":"10.3390/nu17101648","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101648","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Early nutrition plays a crucial role in both the short- and long-term health outcomes of premature infants, particularly those born with very low birth weight or extremely low gestational age [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12114244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Multi-Nutrient Milk Fortification on Preterm Neonate Outcomes: A Network Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Marsha Campbell-Yeo, Courtney Gullickson, Holly McCulloch, Tim Disher, Brianna Hughes","doi":"10.3390/nu17101651","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17101651","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Optimal feeding regimens for preterm neonates, including the role of multi-nutrient fortification, are unknown, leading to large practice variation in comparing different feeding regimens that include fortification and their impact on outcomes for preterm infants. <b>Methods:</b> Using a network meta-analyses design, two reviewers independently extracted data. A Cochrane CENTRAL, Medline, Embase, and CINAHL search was conducted for all studies published up to 27 June 2023. Randomized clinical trials of feeding regimens for preterm infants that included multi-nutrient fortification were included. Outcomes were mortality, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), sepsis, periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), time to full enteral feeds, and the Bayley II MDI developmental score. <b>Results</b>: Fifty-nine studies were included. For mortality, NEC, and time to reach full enteral feeds, the top-ranked treatment class was the mother's own milk with donor milk and a human-milk-based fortifier. For ROP and BPD, the top-ranked treatment class was mother's own milk with a phosphorus fortifier. For sepsis, the top-ranked treatment class was mother's own milk with formula. For PVL, the top-ranked treatment classes were mother's own milk and mother's own milk with donor milk and a bovine fortifier in the two disconnected networks. For the Bayley II MDI score, the top-ranked treatment class was mother's own milk with formula and bovine fortification. <b>Conclusions:</b> Treatment rankings are consistent with the underlying hypothesis that increased mother's own milk intake appears to be associated with better clinical outcomes. This review provides the first global view of interventions and highlights insufficient high-quality evidence to support or refute one fortification feeding regimen over another.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113778/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}