Nutrients最新文献

{"title":"Hydroxytyrosol Bioavailability: Unraveling Influencing Factors and Optimization Strategies for Dietary Supplements.","authors":"Marta Jordán, Natalia García-Acosta, José Luis Espartero, Luis Goya, Raquel Mateos","doi":"10.3390/nu17182937","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17182937","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hydroxytyrosol (HT) is a major phenolic compound in olives and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardiometabolic properties. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has approved a health claim for the protection of LDL particles from oxidative damage only when HT is consumed within EVOO, which limits its direct use in supplements or functional foods. Since its biological effects depend on absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME), understanding how formulation and delivery strategies influence bioavailability is essential. HT is mainly present as secoiridoid derivatives in EVOO, whereas in supplements, it often appears in its free form, potentially affecting its metabolic fate. This review summarizes human studies on HT bioavailability from EVOO, isolated supplements, and enriched foods, and examines how matrix type, chemical modifications of HT, and advanced delivery systems, such as emulsions, encapsulation, and vesicular carriers, modulate absorption and metabolism. The gut microbiota is highlighted as an emerging factor in HT biotransformation, although its role remains underexplored. Further well-designed human studies are needed to guide the development of nutraceutical formulations capable of replicating the health benefits of EVOO beyond its natural matrix.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12473018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Patient and Physician Perspectives on Exclusive Enteral Nutrition in Adults with Crohn's Disease: Bridging the Gap in Nutritional Therapy.","authors":"Ramit Magen-Rimon, David Mamet, Meis Assaf, Zohar Tal-Leshinsky, Oxana Libman, Matti Waterman, Haggai Bar-Yoseph","doi":"10.3390/nu17182945","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17182945","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and Aims:</b> Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) effectively induces remission in pediatric Crohn's disease (CD), but reasons for its limited use in adults remain unclear. This study aimed to identify and compare patients' and physicians' perspectives on barriers to EEN use, in order to inform strategies to enhance its utilization. <b>Methods:</b> An online questionnaire was distributed to adult CD patients and gastroenterologists, collecting data on demographics, disease characteristics, previous EEN exposure, and attitudes toward EEN and potential barriers (Likert scale 1-5). Comparative analysis and logistic regression identified factors associated with reluctance toward EEN. <b>Results:</b> A total of 315 CD patients (mean age 36.7) and 42 physicians completed the survey. Previous EEN use was reported by 40%, while 20.3% of the entire cohort were reluctant to use it. The only factor that predicted reluctance was current use of advanced therapy (OR 2.06 [95%CI 1.05-4.35]). Among physicians, 71% had prescribed EEN, and 81% were willing to do so. Key barriers were lack of food variety (65% Likert score > 3) and reduced social interaction (59%) among patients and social interaction (67.3%) and taste concerns (54.7%) among physicians. Patients rated hunger sensation and lack of food variety concerns as more significant barriers than physicians. Patients identified direct communication with staff (68.6% Likert score > 3) and full cost coverage (65%) as facilitators for adherence. Notably, 87% wanted more information from their doctors. <b>Conclusions:</b> Most adult CD patients and physicians are open to discuss EEN. Removing barriers related to palatability and diversity of enteral nutrition, as well as shortening of EEN duration, may enhance acceptance of and adherence to EEN.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12473139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eating Right, Sleeping Tight? A Cross-Sectional Study on the Student-Athlete Paradox for Diet and Sleep Behaviors.","authors":"Olga Papale, Emanuel Festino, Francesca Di Rocco, Marianna De Maio, Carl Foster, Cristina Cortis, Andrea Fusco","doi":"10.3390/nu17182946","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17182946","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Student-athletes face the dual challenge of balancing academic and athletic commitments, which may simultaneously promote healthy lifestyle habits while increasing psychosocial and physiological stressors, particularly among female student-athletes. Understanding how these competing demands affect key behavioral (e.g., dietary habits, sleep, and chronotype) and psychological (e.g., body image) factors is essential for supporting their overall well-being. Therefore, this cross-sectional study investigated body dissatisfaction, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, sleep quality, and chronotype in female student-athletes compared to sedentary peers. <b>Methods:</b> Twenty-eight female participants voluntarily participated in the study. Twelve volleyball student-athletes (age 21.6 ± 2.4 years) were assessed during their competitive in-season period, and sixteen non-athlete students with a high sitting time (age 24.0 ± 3.2 years) completed the Mediterranean Diet Adherence questionnaire (PREDIMED), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), and Body Image Dimensional Assessment (body dissatisfaction) to assess their overall well-being. <b>Results:</b> Student-athletes showed significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet (PREDIMED: 8.5 ± 1.5 score), although experiencing poorer sleep quality (PSQI: 6.8 ± 3.0 score) compared to non-athlete students with higher sitting times (PREDIMED: 6.7 ± 1.6 score; PSQI: 4.6 ± 2.3 score). Conversely, comparative body dissatisfaction was significantly higher in non-athlete students with a high sitting time (19.4 ± 24.5%) than in student-athletes (5.6 ± 10.5%). No significant differences emerged for chronotype or overall body dissatisfaction. <b>Conclusions</b>: These findings highlight a paradoxical health pattern in female student-athletes who combine healthier eating habits with poorer sleep quality. The results emphasize the importance of comprehensive wellness strategies that integrate dietary habits, sleep hygiene, and psychophysiological factors to better support female student-athletes in managing dual-career demands.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socio-Demographic Disparities in Diet and Their Association with Physical and Mental Well-Being: Million-Participant Cross-Sectional Study in Poland.","authors":"Grażyna Zweifler, Anna Zimny-Zając, Mateusz Babicki, Karolina Kłoda, Grzegorz Mazur, Beata Jankowska-Polańska, Agnieszka Mastalerz-Migas, Siddarth Agrawal","doi":"10.3390/nu17182924","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17182924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dietary habits are key determinants of physical and mental health, yet large-scale, contemporary data on these behaviors and their health correlates are crucial for effective public health policy. This study leverages a uniquely large dataset to quantify the eating behaviors of Polish adults and examines how these behaviors relate to socio-demographic characteristics, health status, and subjective well-being.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from 1,196,102 adult respondents who participated in the National Poles' Health Test, a recurring online survey, between 2019 and 2024. The study used self-reported data on dietary habits, socio-demographic variables, chronic conditions, and self-assessed physical and mental health. Descriptive statistics and comparative analyses, such as the chi-square test, Student's <i>t</i>-test, or ANOVA, were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings reveal stark socio-demographic disparities in nutrition. Younger respondents and lower educational attainment were strongly correlated with more frequent consumption of fast food and sugar-sweetened beverages. Crucially, these unhealthy eating patterns were significantly associated with poorer self-rated physical and, notably, mental health (among people who consumed fast food every day, as many as 16.6% rated their mental health as bad, and 6.7% as very bad). In contrast, higher vegetable and fruit consumption correlated with markedly better health outcomes and greater subjective well-being.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This large-scale study provides evidence of the profound link between diet and both physical and mental well-being in Poland. The results underscore the urgent need for targeted public health strategies aimed at improving dietary behaviors, particularly among younger and less-educated populations. The strong associations between diet, health status, and well-being highlight the importance of integrating nutritional education into both general healthcare and mental health services.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12473112/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D Genetics Beyond Serum 25(OH)D: <i>VDR</i> rs2228570 (<i>FokI</i>) Polymorphism, Inflammation, and Quality of Life in Orthopedic Patients.","authors":"Dariusz Larysz, Remigiusz Recław, Aleksandra Suchanecka, Wojciech Dziurawiec, Rafał Tkacz, Aleksandra Strońska-Pluta, Krzysztof Chmielowiec, Anna Grzywacz, Jolanta Chmielowiec","doi":"10.3390/nu17182926","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17182926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms may influence immune regulation and musculoskeletal health, but their perioperative role is not well understood. This study investigated the rs2228570 (<i>FokI</i>) variant in relation to inflammatory, hematologic, and patient-reported outcomes in orthopedic patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We genotyped 300 orthopedic patients and 200 healthy controls using real-time PCR. Regression models in patients adjusted for age and body mass index (BMI) examined associations between rs2228570 genotypes and laboratory as well as clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CC genotype (homozygous cytosine) was associated with higher white blood cell count (β = 0.52, <i>p</i> = 0.0435), higher lymphocyte count (β = 0.26, <i>p</i> = 0.00025), higher hemoglobin (β = 0.57, <i>p</i> = 0.00197), and higher hematocrit (β = 1.42, <i>p</i> = 0.01102). The TT genotype (homozygous thymine) was associated with higher C-reactive protein (β = 10.90, <i>p</i> = 0.00329), lower mean corpuscular volume (β = -1.63, <i>p</i> = 0.04909), and higher health-related quality of life assessed by the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) (β = 6.31, <i>p</i> = 0.00009).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The rs2228570 polymorphism in the VDR gene is associated with distinct perioperative inflammatory, hematologic, and patient-reported profiles. These findings support the potential clinical utility of VDR genotyping, in combination with routine laboratory tests, to refine perioperative risk stratification and guide personalized rehabilitation in orthopedic patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Microecological-Immune Axis in Pediatric Allergic Diseases: Imbalance Mechanisms and Regulatory Interventions.","authors":"Ziyi Jiang, Jie Zhu, Zhicheng Shen, Linglin Gao, Zihan Chen, Li Zhang, Qiang Wang","doi":"10.3390/nu17182925","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17182925","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, the global prevalence of pediatric allergic diseases-including atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and asthma-has increased significantly. Accumulating evidence underscores the pivotal role of the microbiota-immune axis in the regulation of immune tolerance, wherein microbial dysbiosis is a critical driver in the onset and progression of these conditions. Notably, reduced microbial diversity and imbalanced proportions can also cause immune dysregulation and cross-organ signaling. The skin-lung-gut axis has emerged as a key conduit for multi-organ immune communication. Microbial communities at barrier sites not only mediate local immune homeostasis but also influence distant organs through metabolite production and immune signaling pathways, forming a complex network of organ crosstalk. This mechanism is integral to the maintenance of both innate (e.g., epithelial barrier integrity and phagocytic activity) and adaptive (e.g., the Type 1/Type 2 cytokine balance and regulatory T cell function) immunity, thereby suppressing allergic inflammation. Early microbial colonization is crucial for immune system maturation, and its perturbation is strongly linked to abnormal allergic immune responses. As such, the skin-lung-gut axis functions as a cross-organ microecological-immune regulatory network that is particularly relevant in the context of infantile allergic disorders. Intervention strategies targeting the microbiota-including probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics-have demonstrated potential in modulating host immunity. Furthermore, emerging approaches such as engineered probiotics, advanced delivery systems, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) offer promising therapeutic avenues. This review provides a comprehensive overview of microbiota development in early life, its association with allergic disease pathogenesis, and the current progress in microbiota-targeted interventions, offering a theoretical foundation for individualized prevention and treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatic Copper Accumulation Predicts Fibrosis Progression and Mortality in Patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD).","authors":"Suha Shabaneh, Elliot M Berry, Ashraf Imam, Mohamad Suki, Ahmad Salhab, Abed Khalaileh, Rifaat Safadi","doi":"10.3390/nu17182923","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17182923","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Copper is an essential trace element involved in antioxidant defense and mitochondrial function. Evidence suggests that copper homeostasis may also influence metabolic liver diseases. We investigated the association between hepatic copper levels (HCLs) and liver-related outcomes among patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD). <b>Methods:</b> In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed 215 MASLD patients who underwent liver biopsy with copper quantification. Patients were categorized based on hepatic copper content; normal < 50 vs. high ≥ 50 μg/g dry tissue (165 vs. 50 patients, respectively). The primary outcomes were progression in non-invasive fibrosis score (FIB-4) and incidence of clinical events (cirrhosis, liver transplantation, cardiovascular events or death) during a median follow-up of 4.9 ± 4.2 years. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were adjusted for metabolic and demographic confounders. <b>Results:</b> Both liver copper groups shared similar baseline characteristics. High hepatic copper levels independently predicted higher FIB-4 scores at the end of follow-up in the fully adjusted linear regression model (β = 0.41; 95% CI: 0.05-0.76; <i>p</i> = 0.026). Logistic regression confirmed that high HCLs were associated with significant FIB-4 deterioration (OR = 41.3; 95%; <i>p</i> = 0.008). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed significantly reduced overall survival among patients with high HCLs (Log-Rank <i>p</i> = 0.034), and multivariable Cox regression showed a markedly increased mortality risk (HR = 18.51; 95%; <i>p</i> = 0.032). Subgroup analyses highlighted greater risk among females, patients with diabetes or dyslipidemia, and individuals of Arab ethnicity. <b>Conclusions:</b> Elevated hepatic copper levels are associated with long term worsened liver fibrosis and higher mortality in MASLD. These findings support hepatic copper as a potential nutritional biomarker for risk stratification. Further studies are needed to explore copper modulation as a therapeutic target in MASLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472418/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Evidence of Roles of Diet, Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes in Cardiovascular Disease: Insights from This Special Issue.","authors":"Marta Gómez-Sánchez, Leticia Gómez-Sánchez, Manuel A Gómez-Marcos","doi":"10.3390/nu17182922","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17182922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity and type 2 diabetes are two prevalent health problems worldwide [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12473058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Role of Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO) in MASLD: Evidence from Human Consumption.","authors":"Melvin Bernardino, Claudio Tiribelli, Natalia Rosso","doi":"10.3390/nu17182932","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17182932","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatosis liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of liver related morbidity and mortality affecting 38% of the adult global population. As of now, there is no clear consensus on a standardized pharmacological treatment for MASLD; therefore, lifestyle interventions particularly diet and exercise remain the first-line approach for both prevention and management. Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), the primary source of fat in the Mediterranean diet. (MD) is widely recognized as a key contributor to its well-documented health benefits. As a central component of this dietary pattern, EVOO has demonstrated promising therapeutic potential due to its high phenolic content. The primary aim of this review is to synthesize existing human studies examining the effects of olive oil primarily EVOO on key pathological features of MASLD. <b>Methods:</b> A systematic search of human clinical and observational studies was conducted across major databases. Key outcomes assessed include hepatic steatosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, fibrosis, liver enzymes, and anthropometric measures. Study quality was evaluated using the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Quality Criteria Checklist. <b>Results:</b> This review included 25 high-quality studies, 12 of which assessed olive oil alone and 13 evaluated the MD emphasizing extra virgin olive oil (EVOO). EVOO-rich interventions consistently improved hepatic steatosis, liver enzyme levels (ALT, AST), and inflammatory markers in MASLD patients, particularly when paired with calorie-restricted or MD patterns. Benefits were dose- and type-dependent, with EVOO showing superior effects compared to refined olive oils. Modest improvements in lipid profiles and insulin resistance were observed. Longer study durations and higher EVOO intake (>30-50 g/day) yielded greater improvements. Findings suggest EVOO may exert beneficial effects on liver health through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Future studies on EVOO's role in MASLD should use well-characterized oils with known polyphenol and bioactive compound levels and include clear biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and liver health outcomes on humans. Overall, EVOO represents a promising, non-pharmacological strategy for MASLD prevention and management. <b>Conclusions:</b> Current evidence suggests that EVOO, particularly when rich in phenolic compounds, is a promising dietary strategy for managing MASLD due to its hepato-protective effects, especially within a Mediterranean diet framework. However, findings are limited by study heterogeneity and a lack of high-quality randomized controlled trials, highlighting the need for future research to refine optimal dosing, assess long-term outcomes, and clarify underlying mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472697/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"House Cricket (<i>Acheta domesticus</i>) and Spirulina (<i>Arthrospira platensis</i>) as Non-Conventional Sources of Nutrients and Bioactive Ingredients-Evaluation of Physicochemical, Nutraceutical, and Sensory Properties of Supplemented Muffins.","authors":"Ewelina Zielińska, Izabela Podgórska-Kryszczuk, Dawid Ramotowski, Urszula Pankiewicz","doi":"10.3390/nu17182931","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nu17182931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Non-conventional protein sources, such as edible insects and microalgae, are gaining popularity due to their high nutritional value and environmental benefits. The presented study aimed to examine the effect of a 4% addition of house cricket and spirulina powders on selected properties of muffins. The effects of non-conventional additives on color, textural properties, nutritional value, amino acid composition, and mineral content were determined. <b>Methods</b>: Antioxidant activity was evaluated against DPPH· and ABTS·+, and total phenolic content (TPC) and in vitro predicted glycemic index (GI) were examined. Sensory properties were evaluated using a nine-point hedonic scale and a consumer study. <b>Results</b>: The results showed that the additions of house cricket and spirulina significantly changed the color parameters of the muffins (ΔE 8.28 and 39.17, respectively) and affected their hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness. Nutritional value was improved, mainly due to an increase in protein content (up to 6% more). Overall, the amino acid profile of the muffins was improved, with a higher presence of all essential amino acids. The enriched muffins had a higher content of selected minerals, including iron, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and zinc, and exhibited higher TPC and antioxidant activity along with a lower in vitro predicted glycemic index. In the consumer evaluation, the spirulina muffins scored highest in texture (8.07 ± 1.04), while cricket muffins received the lowest ratings for color (6.60 ± 1.63), aroma (6.36 ± 2.04), and overall impression (7.03 ± 1.38). Taste did not differ significantly among all muffins. <b>Conclusions</b>: The results suggest that muffins can be made using edible insects and microalgae to enhance their nutritional value while maintaining an acceptable taste.</p>","PeriodicalId":19486,"journal":{"name":"Nutrients","volume":"17 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12472805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145176760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}