Maternal Folic Acid Supplementation, Perinatal Factors, and Pre-Adolescent Asthma: Findings from the Healthy Growth Study.

IF 5 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
Nutrients Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI:10.3390/nu17182989
Eva Karaglani, Maria Michelle Papamichael, Matzourana Argyropoulou, Dimitra-Irinna Vitoratou, Costas Anastasiou, Mehak Batra, Yibeltal Bekele, Bircan Erbas, Yannis Manios, George Moschonis
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Abstract

Background: While the importance of folic acid supplementation during pregnancy in the prevention of neural tube defects in offspring is well established, its potential role in pediatric asthma development remains unclear, with limited evidence to date. Objective: To identify perinatal and environmental factors that modify the association between maternal folic acid intake and pre-adolescent asthma. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of the Healthy Growth Study that consisted of 2332 pre-adolescents (mean age 11 years; asthma n = 451); 50% boys attending elementary schools in Greece. Questionnaires were used to collect data on sociodemographic, perinatal, and environmental characteristics as well as asthma prevalence and maternal folic acid supplementation during pregnancy (trimesters 1, 2, and 3). Logistic regression models explored the association between maternal folic acid supplementation and pre-adolescent asthma, accounting for perinatal and environmental exposures. Results: Adjusted regression models showed that maternal folic acid supplementation during the third trimester was associated with 34% increased odds of pre-adolescent asthma. Stratified analyses per perinatal and environmental factors revealed significantly higher asthma odds with folic acid supplementation during the second and third trimesters among pre-adolescents born < 37 weeks; non-smoking mothers; in pre-adolescents attending schools of low socioeconomic level; and in neighborhoods having less traffic and more parks. Contrastingly, in appropriate for gestational age (AGA), an infant's first-trimester supplementation increased asthma odds. Conclusions: Maternal folic acid supplementation, particularly in later trimesters, was modestly associated with increased odds of pre-adolescent asthma, modified by perinatal and environmental factors. Future research should explore whether continued folic acid supplementation beyond the first trimester carries differential risks or benefits in asthma.

母体叶酸补充、围产期因素和青春期前哮喘:来自健康生长研究的发现。
背景:虽然怀孕期间补充叶酸在预防后代神经管缺陷方面的重要性已经确立,但其在儿童哮喘发展中的潜在作用仍不清楚,迄今为止证据有限。目的:探讨影响母体叶酸摄入与青春期前哮喘之间关系的围生期和环境因素。方法:对健康成长研究的横断面分析,该研究包括2332名学龄前青少年(平均年龄11岁,哮喘n = 451);希腊50%的男孩上小学。调查问卷用于收集有关社会人口统计学、围产期和环境特征以及哮喘患病率和妊娠期间(妊娠1、2和3个月)母亲叶酸补充情况的数据。Logistic回归模型探讨了母亲叶酸补充与青春期前哮喘之间的关系,并考虑了围产期和环境暴露。结果:调整后的回归模型显示,母亲在妊娠晚期补充叶酸与青春期前哮喘的几率增加34%相关。围生期和环境因素的分层分析显示,在出生< 37周的青春期前孕妇中,在妊娠中期和晚期补充叶酸可显著提高哮喘的发生率;不吸烟的母亲;在社会经济水平较低的学校就读的学龄前儿童;在交通较少,公园较多的社区。相反,在胎龄适宜(AGA)的情况下,婴儿妊娠早期补充维生素d会增加哮喘的几率。结论:母亲补充叶酸,特别是在妊娠后期,与青春期前哮喘的几率增加有一定的相关性,受围产期和环境因素的影响。未来的研究应该探索妊娠早期以后继续补充叶酸是否对哮喘有不同的风险或益处。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Nutrients
Nutrients NUTRITION & DIETETICS-
CiteScore
9.20
自引率
15.30%
发文量
4599
审稿时长
16.74 days
期刊介绍: Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643) is an international, peer-reviewed open access advanced forum for studies related to Human Nutrition. It publishes reviews, regular research papers and short communications. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced.
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