Oman Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Knowledge, attitude, and practice among kindergarten teachers regarding vision and eye screening of preschool children.","authors":"Dora Hamad S AlHarkan","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_260_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_260_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To estimate the level and determinants of knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAPs) of kindergarten teachers regarding vision and eye screening of preschool children of Qassim region of Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>As a part of a study to evaluate the KAP of stakeholders in the Qassim region, we surveyed kindergarten teachers from July to September 2023. The responses to ten knowledge-related and five attitudes and practices of teachers about eye and vision screening were collected using a graded Likert scale. The KAP score was associated with teacher-related variables. Teachers' current and desired sources of knowledge were also reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We surveyed 60 KG teachers. All were female. The good level of knowledge was in 85% of teachers. The positive attitude and good practices were in 90% of teachers. Teachers' education levels were not associated with teachers' knowledge (Kolmogorov-Smirnov [KS] <i>P</i> = 0.456), attitudes (KS <i>P</i> = 0.71), and practice (KS <i>P</i> = 0.06). Social media and computer-based sources provided knowledge on eye and vision screening of children in nearly half of the teachers. More interaction between ophthalmologists and optometrists was desired to learn about the topic.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The high awareness, positive attitude, and practices noted among KG teachers in this study are promising and favor their involvement in universal vision and eye screening initiatives in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 3","pages":"366-370"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11620297/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of corneal endothelial cell morphology in type-2 diabetes and nondiabetics.","authors":"Maryam Firdous, Saif Ullah, Mutahir Shah, Sadaf Qayyum, Muhammad Hasan Ansari, Amtul Aziz","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_80_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_80_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the values of hexagonality of endothelial cells among type-2 diabetics and nondiabetics. It also aimed at finding the correlation of the hexagonality of endothelial cells with the duration of diabetes, random blood sugar level, and severity of diabetic retinopathy in type-2 diabetics.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted for 8 months from January to August 2022. The data was collected from tertiary care eye hospital named Al-Shifa Trust Eye hospital jhelum road, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. After taking the informed consent, a complete history of each subject was taken. Visual acuity and refraction were performed using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study visual acuity chart and then, complete slit-lamp anterior and posterior segment examination was performed followed by specular microscopy (TOMEY Specular Microscope EM-4000) to evaluate endothelial cell hexagonality. The diabetic subjects were checked for their random blood sugar levels immediately after specular microscopy using a digital glucometer and the readings were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed that the hexagonality of endothelial cells was statistically significantly lower (<i>P</i> = 0.000) in type-2 diabetics than in nondiabetics. Correlation analysis of the hexagonality of endothelial cells showed a negative correlation (<i>P</i> < 0.05) with random blood sugar levels while no correlation (<i>P</i> > 0.05) with the duration of diabetes and severity of diabetic retinopathy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study concluded that the hexagonality of endothelial cells was significantly different among the two groups under study, i.e., type-2 diabetics and nondiabetics.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 3","pages":"362-365"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11620312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Four-port bimanual phaco-chop fragmentation for dropped nucleus using standard phaco chopper and assistant handheld 23G endoilluminator.","authors":"Sanjeev Kumar Dhoot","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_77_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_77_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe a bimanual method for management of posteriorly dislocated large nucleus fragment using standard chopper.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 23G assistant handheld endoilluminator was used as light source through inferonasal self-sealing port, while the large nuclear fragment was broken into smaller fragments using phacofragmatome and standard phaco chopper.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A case of posteriorly dislocated large nuclear fragment was operated using this technique. The time taken for phacofragmentation was significantly reduced, as well as the ultrasound energy required for the same. There was no port site complication.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This technique allows greater maneuverability and reduces amount of ultrasound energy used by dividing nucleus into small fragments in vitreous cavity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 3","pages":"413-415"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11620307/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of pediatric sterile keratitis posthypotonic collagen cross-linking.","authors":"Amanjot Kaur, Srikant Kumar Sahu, Prashant Garg, Aravind Roy","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_24_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_24_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this case series, we will describe sterile keratitis in the early postoperative period after hypotonic collagen cross-linking (CXL) in two pediatric cases. This is a retrospective case series of two eyes of two children who developed inflammatory keratitis with central corneal haze after uneventful epithelial-off hypotonic CXL. After ensuring microbiological sterility, appropriate treatment with topical steroids and lubricants was started. There was complete resolution of corneal infiltrates with minimal scarring. Both patients regained almost the preoperative best-corrected visual acuity of 20/80 and 20/60, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 3","pages":"376-379"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11620304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"All trans retinoic acid-induced bilateral disc edema in a case of acute promyelocytic leukemia.","authors":"Pradeep Kumar Panigrahi, Suchismita Mishra, Priyanka Samal, Disha Sahoo, Tanya Yadav","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_117_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_117_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An 18-year-old female presented with sudden onset bilateral vision loss. Extensive retinal hemorrhages were seen in both eyes. Systemic examination lead to a diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia. The patient was treated with all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and other medications in the induction phase. Bilateral disc edema was noted during the second consolidation cycle with ATRA. Complete resolution of bilateral disc edema was attained in three weeks' time after discontinuing ATRA.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 2","pages":"278-280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11309538/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141917203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral angioid streaks in a young patient with pseudoxanthoma elasticum.","authors":"Ludovico Iannetti","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_13_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_13_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 2","pages":"291-292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11309531/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141917204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic profile, prevalence, pattern, and risk factors for retinal vein occlusion in Liberia: A retrospective study.","authors":"Gurcharan Singh, Shayri Pillai","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_343_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_343_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to describe the demographic profile, prevalence, pattern, and risk factors for retinal vein occlusion (RVO) in patients over 40 years of age presenting to the Liberia Eye Centre, John F Kennedy Memorial Medical Centre, Monrovia, Liberia.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted on patients presenting to Liberia Eye Centre from July 2017 to February 2021. A total of 17506 new patients were examined during this period out of which 10813 patients were over 40 years of age. Data were collected from the electronic medical record system database. The variables in the collected data included age, gender, location, laterality of eye affected, uncorrected visual acuity, best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, ocular diagnosis, systemic risk factors, and associated complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 10813 patients, RVO was found in 111 patients with an overall prevalence rate of 1.03% (95% confidence interval 0.80-1.2). Central RVO (CRVO) was more common than branch RVO (BRVO) in the defined population with similar proportions of both genders. The mean age for any RVO was 64.45 ± 12.27 standard deviation (SD) years (<i>P</i> = 0.734). Majority of the cases of RVO were from Lofa (<i>n</i> = 20; 18%). Fifty-five (61.1%) patients had hypertension, 5 (5.6%) had diabetes mellitus, and 6 (6.7%) had dyslipidemia. More than one systemic risk factor was present in 24 (26.7%) patients. However, none of the systemic risk factors were statistically significant. Visual acuity was most affected in patients with CRVO, with a visual acuity of <3/60 in 45 (63.4%) patients compared to 12 (30.0%) in BRVO patients. Glaucoma was present in 34 (30.6%) patients. The most common ocular complication was macular edema (<i>n</i> = 62, 55.8%) followed by vitreous hemorrhage (<i>n</i> = 8, 7.2%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RVO was detected in 1.03% of the study population over the age of 40 years in Liberia, CRVO being more common than BRVO. The clinical presentation of RVO in the Liberian population for the first time provides insight into the burden of the disease and opportunity for further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 2","pages":"205-209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11309524/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141917215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripapillary nerve fiber layer in patients with iron-deficiency anemia: A cross-sectional study at a tertiary eye care center in Central India.","authors":"Rajesh Subhash Joshi, Rajesh Namdeo Ingle","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_229_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_229_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 2","pages":"306-307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11309532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141917267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic dacryocystitis: An insight into bacteriology and antimicrobial sensitivity pattern.","authors":"Vibhuti Sethi, Himanshu Kumar Mittal, Rajeev Tuli","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_116_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_116_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Adequate management of chronic dacryocystitis is an essential prerequisite before any intraocular surgery owing to a grave risk of endophthalmitis. The knowledge of bacteriology of chronic dacryocystitis would accentuate the choice of effective antimicrobial agents and thus help in reducing the irrational use of antimicrobial agents and subsequent development of drug resistance.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>We aimed to identify the causative bacterial flora and study the antimicrobial sensitivity and resistance pattern in cases of chronic dacryocystitis.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>This was a cross-sectional observational study.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>Conjunctival swabs were obtained from both eyes from 102 patients with clinical evidence of chronic dacryocystitis. Specimens for microbiological analysis were obtained, either from the conjunctival cul-de-sac and everted puncta by applying pressure over the lacrimal sac area or from the refluxing material after irrigating the lacrimal sac with sterile saline. The specimens were sent for culture and sensitivity in the department of microbiology. Ethical approvals were duly obtained.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>Percentage assessment was used for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cultures showed the presence of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in 50% of bacterial isolates obtained from the involved eyes, followed by coagulase-negative <i>Staphylococcus</i> in 11.53% of isolates and <i>Enterococcus</i> also in 11.53% of isolates. It was observed that cefoxitin was the most sensitive antibiotic against Gram-positive organisms, followed by vancomycin and clindamycin, whereas maximum resistance was seen for penicillin and ofloxacin. For Gram-negative organisms, imipenem was found to be most sensitive, followed by gentamicin and co-amoxiclav, whereas maximum resistance was seen for ciprofloxacin.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It was concluded that Gram-positive bacteria predominantly <i>S.</i> <i>aureus</i> was the most commonly isolated bacteria in cases of chronic dacryocystitis as compared to Gram-negative bacteria and cefoxitin was found to be the overall most effective antibiotic for Gram-positive bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 2","pages":"192-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11309557/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141917209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Manifestations of COVID-19 in the posterior eye segment - Up-to-date.","authors":"Basheer Abdullah Marzoog","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_212_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_212_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since coronavirus disease infection-19 (COVID-19) entry to the cells is angiotensin enzyme receptor (ACEII) dependent, extrapulmonary manifestations have been suspected. Ocular manifestations reported in several studies to involve the anterior as well as posterior eye segments. However, the predominance of the anterior eye segment reduced the attention of the scientific community on the posterior eye segment. Our results showed that the incidence of changes in the posterior eye segment is 1/5 of the anterior eye segment. Posterior eye segment manifestations include acute macular neuroretinopathy and paracentral middle maculopathy, central retinal vein/artery occlusion, reactivation of previous uveitis, varicella zoster virus-related acute retinal necrosis in an immunocompromised patient, chorioretinitis, macular hemorrhage, paracentral acute middle maculopathy, retinal detachment, and vitritis with outer retinal abnormalities. The pathogenesis of posterior eye segment manifestations under COVID-19 includes viremia, autoimmune vasculitis, hyperimmune response, coagulopathy, and cytokine storm. A full ophthalmological examination is crucial for patients recovering from COVID-19. The paper provided up-to-date manifestations with potential underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of development, as well as pathogenetic therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 2","pages":"166-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11309540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141917261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}