Oman Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Optical coherence tomography-angiography findings of prediabetic patients.","authors":"Sinan Emre, Cihan Altin, Mahmut Oguz Ulusoy, Elcin Aydin","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_197_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_197_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate prediabetic patients for microvascular changes using optical coherence tomography-angiography (OCT-A) and compare with diabetic patients and healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>OCT-A images of 60 eyes of 30 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), 72 eyes of 36 prediabetic patients, and 108 eyes of 54 healthy controls were retrospectively evaluated and compared in this study. A swept-source OCTA (Triton, Topcon) instrument was used for collecting OCT-A images. Duration of the diabetic or prediabetic period, glycated hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose level, postprandial glucose (PPG) level, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, and creatinine values of all participants were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Microaneurysm, nonperfusion areas, perifoveal capillary disruption, and capillary network disorganization were detected in both prediabetics and diabetics but statistically more common in diabetic patients. Neovascularization and intraretinal microvascular anomalies were detected only in diabetic patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>OCT-A seemed to be effective in detecting microvascular changes in diabetic patients. More importantly, results showed us that in prediabetic patients, microvascular changes can be seen before the onset of DM and before or concurrently with neurodegenerative changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"96-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10957036/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140207389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to Letter to editor: HIV conundrum.","authors":"Anju Kochar, Shaheen Farooq","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_210_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_210_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"156-157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10957050/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140207396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A simplified sclerocorneal tunnel approach in performing pediatric cataract surgery.","authors":"Omer Othman Abdullah, Huseyin Oksuz","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_321_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_321_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Performing pediatric lensectomy, anterior vitrectomy with intraocular lens implantation in one session, using a long sclerocorneal tunnel and covering the incision site with 8/0 Vicryl sutures.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study includes 52 eyes of 30 patients with pediatric cataracts. At the temporal side, the conjunctival peritomy was performed, followed by two long sclerocorneal side ports and the main incision for intraocular lens (IOLs) implantation. At the end of the operation, the side port and the conjunctiva incisions were sutured with 8/0 Vicryl sutures. The IOLs were implanted in children older than 24 months, not in smaller ones. The operations and intraoperative complications were recorded. After the operation, the patients were examined on the 1^st postoperative day, then six times for the first 6 months. During follow-ups, the impact of the suture on the anterior segment complications and astigmatism was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The age of the patients ranged between 2 months and 8 years. The average operation time was 28 ± 6 min. Due to the suture-related complication, neither re-suturing nor stitch removal was carried out; therefore, general anesthesia was not repeated. The average astigmatism value of the children in the postoperative 1^st week was 1.5 ± 1.2 D (0.5-4.0). The mean astigmatism value was 0.8 ± 0.5 D (0.5-1.5) in the 3^rd postoperative month.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The long corneoscleral tunnel method has been found safe in pediatric cataract surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"91-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10957051/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140207305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of a single-dose vectored thermal pulsation procedure with 5-day course of daily oral azithromycin for meibomian gland dysfunction.","authors":"Shreesha Kumar Kodavoor, M Jayashri, Komal Bhimrao Patekar, Shreyas Ramamurthy, Gitansha Sachdev","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_114_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_114_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims at comparing the efficacy of a single-dose vectored thermal pulsation (VTP) procedure versus 5 days once daily oral azithromycin in patients with meibomian gland disease (MGD) by measuring the symptomatology and ocular surface parameters.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study was conducted as a prospective, nonrandomized, comparative study over a period of 17 months at a tertiary care center. In this study, 60 patients with MGD were enrolled after they gave their informed consent according to the inclusion-exclusion criteria and were divided into two groups, 30 each in the azithromycin group and the VTP, i.e., the LipiFlow group. One group was treated with oral azithromycin for 5 days and the other group was given LipiFlow treatment. Postprocedure, follow-up was done for 2 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A statistically significant difference was noted in the score Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness questionnaire after 3 months of treatment in both the azithromycin and LipiFlow group (<i>P</i> < 0.0001), and the LipiFlow group showed sustained improvement at 6-month follow-up as score improved to 8.83 ± 2.32, whereas it deteriorated in azithromycin group to 13.77 ± 1.65. Pretreatment Ocular Surface Disease Index score (<i>P</i> = 0.126) and posttreatment (<i>P</i> < 0.0001) showed significant differences in both groups. The LipiFlow group showed an improved score of 25.65 ± 6.11 after 6 months of treatment, whereas it deteriorated to 34.79 ± 4.98 in the azithromycin group. Pretreatment, tear film break-up time (<i>P</i> = 0.28) and 6 months posttreatment score (<i>P</i> < 0.0001) showed significant differences in both groups, but in the LipiFlow group, it improved to 15.30 ± 1.76 after 6 months, whereas in the azithromycin group, it was 10.07 ± 1.60. The pretreatment MG score was 4.10 ± 0.99 and 4.23 ± 1.07 (<i>P</i> = 0.62) in the azithromycin and LipiFlow group, respectively. After 2 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months, the MG score was 24.20 ± 3.38, 21.67 ± 3.46, and 15.83 ± 2.41, respectively, in azithromycin group. In the LipiFlow group, the score was 13 ± 1.88, 14.27 ± 2.07, and 14.37 ± 1.85 at 2 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months, respectively, suggestive of improvement in all visits.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both oral azithromycin and LipiFlow treatment are effective in patients with MGD. The effect of LipiFlow treatment lasted longer as compared to azithromycin. The efficacy of azithromycin in resolving the symptoms of MGD was greater compared to LipiFlow in the initial 2 weeks of treatment. However, the effect deteriorated in the subsequent follow-up at 3 months and 6 months.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"102-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10957040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140207312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term follow-up in macular telangiectasia type 1: Clinical image.","authors":"Juliana A Rio, Gabriel Castilho Sandoval Barbosa, Ricardo Luz Leitao Guerra","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_205_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_205_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"137-139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10957042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140207319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progression of diabetic retinopathy following uncomplicated phacoemulsification: A prospective study from South India.","authors":"R Sruthi, Seshadri J Saikumar, Mahesh Gopalakrishnan","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_292_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_292_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to study the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and macular edema in uncomplicated phacoemulsification in patients with diabetes mellitus with a follow-up of 6 months.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective, nonrandomized study was conducted on patients with established or no DR in a known case of diabetes mellitus undergoing cataract surgery by phacoemulsification, with no intraoperative complications. Detailed ophthalmic evaluation including fundus examination was done in all cases, and DR staging was done. Optical coherence tomography and fundus fluorescein angiography were done in indicated cases. Fundus evaluation was done during the follow-up visits in 3 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months postsurgery and the tests were repeated if necessary.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the current study, there was a statistically significant improvement in best-corrected visual acuity after cataract surgery compared to the preoperative value. From the 330 eyes we analyzed, there was a progression of DR in only 18 eyes (5.45%) following phacoemulsification. There was a statistically significant increase in central macular thickness (CMT) at 3 weeks postoperative (433.82 ± 137.572) compared to that of the preoperative CMT (295.98 ± 97.959). From the 22 eyes which showed a progression of diabetic maculopathy, 11 eyes had developed new-onset macular edema following the cataract surgery, 11 eyes had progression of preexisting edema, and 4 of them had to undergo intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections as the treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The chance of progression of DR staging is low after uncomplicated phacoemulsification, on a short term. However, the chances of worsening of macular edema as well as worsening of proliferative stages should be kept in mind while advising a patient for cataract surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"72-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10957061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140207392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment outcomes for maculopathy secondary to retinal vein occlusion in Afghanistan.","authors":"Mohammad Delsoz, Sayed Hamid Mousavi, Sher A Aslam","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_328_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_328_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy in the treatment of macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO) in Afghanistan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted of all RVO cases that underwent intravitreal ant-VEGF injection at the two leading hospitals in Kabul. The main outcome measures were visual acuity and central retinal thickness as determined by optical coherence tomography. Information was also collected on the distance traveled by each patient and the frequency of injections.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred and twenty-five eyes of 121 patients (86 males) with RVO were identified as having undergone treatment, with a mean age of 53.1 years (range 20-80). The only agent used was bevacizumab. The mean central retinal thickness reduced from 624.2 ± 24.9 μm at the baseline to 257.8 ± 5.7 μm following treatment (<i>P</i> < 0.001). There was a small increase in visual acuity from 1.33 LogMAR at the baseline to 1.13 LogMAR following the most recent injection (<i>P</i> = 0.03, paired <i>t</i>-test). The mean distance traveled by patients was 173.9 km (range 2-447 km).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite the challenges of health-care provision in Afghanistan, this review shows that the use of intravitreal bevacizumab has provided an effective treatment for macular edema after RVO.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"43-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10957068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140207400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A simplification of intricate multifocal electroretinogram understanding: A mini-review.","authors":"Ai-Hong Chen, Muhamad Syukri Mohamad Rafiuddin, Azmir Ahmad, Saiful Azlan Rosli","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_48_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_48_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Variation of multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) data presentation in existing scientific publications is a challenge for eye care practitioners to apply the scientific information for evidence-based practice in patient management. This review offers an overview of the mfERG data presentation types. Eight types of data presentation in the form of a table, scatter plot, line graph, bar graph/box plot, single waveform/a group of waveforms, trace array topography, three-dimensional topography, and two-dimensional topography are identified. The table format is used to provide the exact values. Line graphs, scatter, and box plots offer information about the relationship of mfERG values. Waveforms are helpful for comparison between groups or conditions. Topographies outline the retinal, especially the specific localized retinal abnormalities. An infographic of fundamental mfERG electrical response with definitions and clinical indications is provided to bridge the gap between researchers and clinicians to facilitate efficient clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"11-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10957048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140207304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on knowledge, attitude, and practices toward ophthalmic emergencies among fresh medical graduates in India.","authors":"V Dixitha, Mahesh Babu, Shruti Vinod Sabhahit","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_338_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_338_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate and estimate the knowledge, attitude, and practices of Indian fresh medical graduates with respect to ophthalmic emergencies.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1300 participants who had completed compulsory rotatory residential internship with the help of a questionnaire distributed through social platforms. The Chi-square and Pearson's coefficient relation tests were used. Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS. <i>P</i> <0.05 was taken as the level of statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Good knowledge proportionately corresponded to a good attitude with statistical significance (<i>P</i> = 0.000). Participants with good practice also had a good attitude with significance (<i>P</i> = 0.001). Good knowledge participants who managed ophthalmic emergencies were statistically significant than that of participants with poor knowledge and managed ophthalmic emergencies, 15.72%. (<i>χ</i>² = 16.653, <i>P</i> = 0.000). Attitude toward confidence in the management of ophthalmic emergencies and their willingness in undergoing training was significant (<i>χ</i>² = 43.8, <i>P</i> = 0.000).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Educating and training fresh medical graduates can help in the management and mitigation of ophthalmic emergencies to reduce ocular morbidity and prevent blindness to a greater degree.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"65-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10957055/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140207306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Botulinum toxin augmented surgery versus conventional surgery in the management of large-angle concomitant esotropia: A randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Sara Alattar, Mohamed Sayed Saad, Gamal El-Deen Rashed, Mohamed Anwar","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_106_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_106_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The surgical management of large-angle concomitant esotropia is challenging with high reoperation rates. This study aims to assess the effectiveness and safety of intraoperative botulinum toxin A (BTA) augmentation compared to surgery alone in large angle concomitant esotropia.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This is a prospective randomized interventional study. Patients with large angle concomitant esotropia (≥55 prism diopter [PD]) were randomly allocated to either surgery only (Group I) or BTA augmented surgery (Group II). The surgical effect in PD/mm was calculated and compared between the study groups at all follow up intervals. Treatment was considered successful if the patients had orthotropia ± 10 PD at their final examinations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 23 patients were included in the study, 11 in Group I and 12 in group II. The surgical effect was significantly greater in Group II compared to Group I at all follow up durations. The 1-year surgical effect was 32.5% greater in Group II compared to Group I (5.99 ± 0.69 vs. 4.52 ± 0.91 PD/mm, respectively, <i>P</i> = 0.001). The success rate was greater for Group II compared to Group I (75% vs. 63.64%, respectively), but this difference was not statistically significant (<i>P</i> = 0.901).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Botulinum toxin augmented surgery is a good alternative to surgery alone in the treatment of large angle concomitant esotropia. BTA injection exerts a significant augmentation effect on medial rectus muscle recessions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"84-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10957060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140207309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}