Oman Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"A rare case of peripapillary congenital hypertrophy of retinal pigment epithelium.","authors":"Himanshu Prakash, Isha Acharya","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_127_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_127_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"18 3","pages":"410-411"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12604693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145506077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-standing macular cherry red spot - A case series and review of literature.","authors":"Disha Agarwal, Shreyas Temkar, Aahan Shah, Amit Kumar Deb, Hemanth Ramachandar, A Arun Sahi","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_373_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_373_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cherry red spot (CRS) is a characteristic ophthalmoscopic finding associated with conditions causing retinal ischemia or accumulation of different materials in the retinal nerve fiber layer. We report a retrospective series of three cases with late presentation of bilateral CRS and varied systemic associations. In these long-standing cases, the abnormal deposits remain localised to a small area around the fovea-either due to milder variant of the systemic disease or long-standing nature leading to decrease in deposits. Imaging tools such as fundus autofluorescence and optical coherence tomography help to support the diagnosis where genetic and histopathological examination is not possible.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"18 3","pages":"359-362"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12604709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145505932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term efficacy and safety of intravitreal brolucizumab in diabetic macular edema: A retrospective interventional study.","authors":"Washoo Mal, Mohamed Al-Abri, Nawal Ali Al Fadhil, Sanjay Jaju, Al Shaima Abdullah Suleiman Al-Riyami","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_231_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_231_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal brolucizumab (IVBr), a novel antivascular endothelial growth factor agent, in the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME) by assessing both functional (visual) and structural (anatomical) improvements.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective, interventional study was conducted at the ophthalmology outpatient department of Sultan Qaboos University Hospital at University Medical City. A cohort of twenty patients (60 injections) with DME received three IVBr injections (6 mg/0.05 mL) over 18 weeks. This cohort consists of 10 male and 10 female patients, with a mean age of 57.1 years (range: 35-81; standard deviation [SD] 14.37). The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was measured and recorded in equivalent logMAR. The subfoveal macular thickness (SFMT) was assessed with optical coherence tomography. Statistical analysis was carried out using paired <i>t</i>-test, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to compare changes in outcomes, with a significance threshold set at <i>P</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The BCVA improved significantly from a baseline mean of logMar 0.36 (SD 0.7) to 0.22 (SD 0.5) after the third injection (<i>P</i> < 0.002). SFMT decreased from a mean of 517.75 μm (SD 160.27) to 287.95 μm (SD 101.31), <i>P</i> < 0.001. One patient developed intraocular inflammation, and no other major complications were observed. However, 35% of patients (<i>n</i> = 7) experienced inadequate visual improvement, attributed to underlying factors such as macular ischemia, retinal layer disorganization, disruption of the ellipsoid zone, and residual macular edema.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study findings in this cohort demonstrated statistically significant improvement in BCVA and a substantial decrease in SFMT. However, more real-world studies are required to enhance the validation of this study's findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"18 3","pages":"303-307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12604696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145506064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficacy and safety of bleomycin injection as the primary management of orbital venolymphatic malformations: A systematic review.","authors":"Ferdy Iskandar, Mutmainah Mahyuddin, Neni Anggraini","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_111_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_111_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Orbital venolymphatic malformation (OVLM) consists of abnormal vascular channels lined by endothelial cells with venous and lymphatic components. OVLM tends to re-grow after treatment, with a recurrence rate of 71.4% after surgery. The use of sclerotherapy injection has emerged as a nonsurgical procedure as extensive surgery may cause iatrogenic damage to vital structures within the orbit. Therefore, exploring the efficacy and safety profile of bleomycin injection for OVLM in achieving proptosis reduction, recurrence rate, visual acuity improvement or stabilization, and the complication of bleomycin is considered important. Current studies showed bleomycin resulted in proptosis reduction in 87.78% of patients and stayed stable in 12.22% of patients, with a median of 6 months' follow-up. The recurrence rate was 0.76% since only one patient had the recurrence due to rebleed and chocolate cyst formation. Visual acuity improved in 63.64% of patients, while 36.36% remained stable. Minimal complications were reported, including periocular hyperpigmentation (14.5%) and inflammation (8.40%). Bleomycin injection as a sclerotherapy is considered an effective and safe treatment modality for OVLM.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"18 3","pages":"275-283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12604720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145506054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extramacular torpedo retinopathy: A very rare clinical presentation.","authors":"Pradeep Kumar Panigrahi, Bulbul Sharma, Jyoti Rekha Sahu","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_46_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_46_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 17-year-old healthy female presented with complaints of headaches for the last year. A comprehensive ophthalmic evaluation was done. Fundoscopy revealed a torpedo-shaped lesion nasal to the optic disc in the left eye. Optical coherence tomography through the scan showed type one features. Torpedo lesions may also occur in extramacular locations. Changes in nomenclature to torpedo retinopathy can be considered when describing such lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"18 3","pages":"399-401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12604692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145505743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular injuries in patients with orbital fractures in a tertiary level hospital in Tanzania: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Fredrick M Sebasaza, Karpal Singh Sohal, David K Deoglas, Paulo J Laizer, Rogers E Sempindu","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_7_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_7_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ocular injuries are common in patients with orbital fractures. However, in Tanzania, there is a paucity of studies investigating ocular injuries associated with orbital fractures. Hence, this study aimed to determine the ocular injuries in patients who have sustained orbital fractures in Tanzania.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was carried out for a year at Muhimbili National Hospital. All patients who had sustained orbital fractures were recruited for the study. The questionnaire was designed to obtain patients' sociodemographic information, presenting ocular findings, and outcomes after treatment. The data were analyzed using IBM, NY, USA ® SPSS Statistics version 27.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 131 patients, with 125 (95.4%) being males, and the mean age of participants was 32.22 ± 9.87 years. All patients (100%) presented with one or more ocular injuries ranging from 1-7. Most (<i>n</i> = 40, 30.5%) had three different ocular injuries. While all patients had minor ocular injuries, only 16 (12.2%) had major ocular injuries. During follow-up postmanagement of the orbital injuries, 12 (9.2%) patients had ocular-related complications despite the management offered.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The ocular injuries are evident in all patients who have sustained orbital bone fractures; however, the occurrence of major/serious ocular injury is low. Subconjunctival hemorrhage is the most frequently observed ocular injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"18 3","pages":"350-353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12604700/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145505990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetics of inherited retinal dystrophies - Global insights and the importance of Omani research.","authors":"Beena Harikrishna, Amira Salim Al-Hattali, Fatma Al-Lawati, Anuradha Ganesh","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_393_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_393_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"18 3","pages":"263-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12604688/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145505965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Referral patterns and screening outcomes for diabetic retinopathy in a secondary care center in Oman.","authors":"Mohammed Sulaiman Al Ghafari, Muhammad Rafiq, Noof Ali Al-Ghailani, Amal Hamdan Al-Ghailani, Raja Salim Al-Owaisi, Yumna Mohammed Al-Mukhaini, Maryam Khamis Al-Balushi, Majid Salim Al-Shaaibi","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_167_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_167_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss globally, and its burden is increasing, particularly in regions with a high prevalence of diabetes like Oman. Early detection and timely intervention are crucial for preventing vision loss and improving patient outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate referral patterns and screening outcomes for DR at Bowsher Specialized Polyclinics (BSP) in Muscat, Oman.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>In this cross-sectional study conducted between January 1 and December 31, 2023, data were retrospectively collected from the electronic health records of 6677 patients referred to BSP. The assessment included referral sources, reasons for referral, patient demographics, waiting times, screening results, and follow-up plans.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A high proportion of external referrals (79%), with 90.6% being routine. Nearly half of the referrals were for DR screening, and among those screened, 16.9% had abnormal findings, with mild nonproliferative DR (NPDR) being the most prevalent. Males showed a significantly higher proportion of abnormal screening outcomes. In addition, mean waiting times were long (145.8 days), and 39.5% of patients were defaulters.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to optimize referral pathways, expand screening capacity, and enhance patient engagement to improve DR management.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"18 3","pages":"296-302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12604686/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145505981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of clinical profile in cases of secondary glaucoma at a tertiary hospital.","authors":"Minu Ramakrishnan, Priyanka Singh, Rohini Shetye","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_408_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_408_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Glaucoma accounts for 15% of global blindness. Secondary glaucoma, that is, glaucoma resulting from numerous ocular or systemic disorders, shows poor intraocular pressure (IOP) control with ocular hypotensive agents or filtering surgery in late stages. The present study was aimed to study the clinical profile of patients with secondary glaucoma at a tertiary hospital.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The present study was a single-center, cross-sectional, observational study, conducted in patients with raised IOP associated with an antecedent cause or ocular pathology visiting the department of ophthalmology, a tertiary care center in western India.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 70 eyes of 70 patients were included in the study, out of which 38 (54.3%) were males, and majority of patients were between 41 and 60 years of age (44.3%). Common causes of secondary glaucoma were inflammatory glaucoma (22.9%), psuedophakic glaucoma (17.1%), postkeratoplasty glaucoma (15.7%), postvitreoretinal surgery glaucoma (10%), steroid-induced glaucoma (10%), and lens-induced glaucoma (7.1%). Best-corrected visual acuity was <6/60 in 27 (38%) patients, 6/60 - 6/18 in 34 (48.6%), and better than 6/18 in nine (12.9%) patients. The highest recorded IOP was more than 50 mmHg in 11.4% of patients, 31-50 mmHg in 20%, and <30 mmHg in 68.6% of patients. Forty-nine (75.4%) patients had open angles, and 16 (24.6%) had angle closure on examination.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Anterior segment inflammation is the most common cause of inflammatory glaucoma. Patients with silicon oil as a vitreous substitute are at a higher risk of developing postvitreoretinal surgery glaucoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"18 3","pages":"336-340"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12604716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145505986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optic nerve changes in PTPN11-related Noonan syndrome.","authors":"Tarek Saad Shoala, Linda M Reis, Jenina Capasso, Elena Semina, Alex V Levin","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_80_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_80_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Characteristic features of Noonan syndrome include dysmorphic facies, short stature, and congenital cardiac defects. Pathogenic variants in <i>PTPN11</i> are one of the common causes and may result in optic nerve head anomalies. We describe the optic nerve findings in two families with Noonan syndrome due to pathogenic variants in <i>PTPN11</i>. Optic nerve anomalies, including an enlarged cup/disc ratio, are a feature of Noonan syndrome due to pathogenic variants in <i>PTPN11</i>. This optic nerve anomaly could potentially lead to the misdiagnosis of glaucoma. <i>PTPN11</i> is important for functional fibroblast growth factor signaling, which, if interrupted, may lead to optic nerve dysgenesis and ocular coloboma.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"18 3","pages":"396-398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12604699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145506019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}