Oman Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Anterior segment ischemia following scleral buckle surgery: The forgotten enemy.","authors":"Janani Sreenivasan, Aditi Joshi, Aashul Chawla","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_34_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_34_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anterior segment ischemia (ASI) is a rare, almost forgotten complication of scleral buckle (SB) surgery. The course varies from mild self-limited to severe type causing significant vision loss. A number of local and systemic factors can precipitate ASI. It is important to be aware of these factors and take the necessary steps to avoid this complication. Despite that, if the patient develops ASI, early recognition is important. Mild cases are managed conservatively whereas severe cases will require removal of the band. We present a case of an 18-year-old male who developed a mild type of ASI post-SB surgery managed conservatively.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 3","pages":"396-398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11620293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial keratitis at a single tertiary eye care in Andhra Pradesh: A 12-year analysis of microbiological profile and <i>in vitro</i> susceptibility of bacterial isolates.","authors":"Bhagyasree Madduri, Nitin Mohan, Merle Fernandez, Joveeta Joseph","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_18_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_18_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Microbial keratitis is a potentially vision-threatening emergency that demands prompt diagnosis and treatment to ensure better vision recovery. Empirical use of broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapies is often the primary treatment modality, which is then tailored according to clinical response, cultured organisms, and their sensitivities. Since the spectrum of microbial agents associated with corneal ulcers is wide and varies from one geographical location to another, it is imperative that local microbial trends and susceptibility patterns are analyzed to enable better care in the management of these patients.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of the study was to report the microbiological profile and <i>in vitro</i> drug susceptibility patterns of bacterial isolates obtained from patients with microbial keratitis in a single tertiary center in Andhra Pradesh over 12 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Microbiology records of culture-positive microbial keratitis that underwent a diagnostic corneal scraping and cultures from the years 2010 to 2021 were reviewed. Trends in bacterial and fungal etiology along with the antibiotic susceptibility profile of bacteria were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>Frequency distribution was obtained, and percentages were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 8529 microbial keratitis samples, 3581 corneal scrapings were culture positive which included Gram-positive bacteria (1054/3581, 29.4%), Gram-negative bacteria (476/3581, 13.2%), fungi (2051/3581, 57.2%), and parasites (369/3581, 10.3%). The most common fungal isolate was <i>Fusarium</i> species (557/1748, 31.8%) followed by <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> (495/1748, 28.3%). Similarly, the most common Gram-positive bacteria included <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> (297/891, 33.3%) and <i>Staphylococcus</i> species (213/891, 23.9%), and the most common Gram-negative bacteria was <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (294/403, 72.9%). Overall susceptibility patterns showed that Gram-positive bacteria were susceptible to vancomycin (92%), cefazolin (88%), and chloramphenicol (86%), while Gram-negative bacteria were most susceptible to gentamicin and amikacin (81%). The susceptibility to amikacin and gentamicin increased significantly from 71% in 2010 to 92% in 2021 and 74% in 2010 to 92% in 2021, respectively. In comparison, the susceptibility of fluoroquinolones for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria did not show any significant change over the study period.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of fungal and bacterial keratitis has remained unchanged over the years. This study reinforced that fluoroquinolones and vancomycin continue to be good empiric therapies for treating bacterial keratitis in Andhra Pradesh.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 3","pages":"352-356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11620300/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Choroidal metastasis as the initial manifestation of lung carcinoma.","authors":"Ahana Sen, Kalpita Das, Md Shahid Alam","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_157_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_157_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 3","pages":"403-404"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11620294/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carotid-cavernous fistula due to contralateral orbital trauma.","authors":"V G Namitha, R Neena, E R Jayadevan","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_258_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_258_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Direct carotid cavernous fistula is an abnormal arterio-venous connection from the carotid artery to the cavernous sinus (CS), resulting in high-pressure arterial blood entering the low-pressure venous CS. Most often, it occurs posttrauma and presents with ipsilateral orbital signs. In this report, we describe the case of a 54-year-old man, who presented with a late-onset right-sided red eye and diplopia following contralateral (left sided) orbital trauma (road traffic accident 7 months ago). Ocular examination revealed signs of Lateral rectus palsy, axial proptosis, and elevated intraocular pressure with dilated episcleral vessels in the right eye. Clinical findings were consistent with the diagnosis of right-sided direct CCF. To our surprise, digital subtraction angiogram revealed a left CCF with prominence of signs on the contralateral side. He underwent near-total endovascular coiling of the fistula, with initial aggravation of symptoms followed by near-total resolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 3","pages":"384-387"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11620318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of neuro-optometric rehabilitation on adult oculomotor challenges - A systematic review.","authors":"Judy Jose, Bincy M George, Sulatha V Bhandary, Dushyanth Babu Jasti","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_60_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_60_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neuro-optometric rehabilitation has a broad range of potential rehabilitative applications in neurological and developmental conditions affecting the eye. There is a dearth of evidence supporting its effectiveness, especially in adults. To address this issue, we systematically reviewed literature published in English between January 2000 and June 2022, obtained from search engines such as PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and CINAHL, using keywords including \"neuro optometry,\" \"rehabilitation\" or a related term, and \"oculomotor problem\" or \"neurological problem\" or a related term. Duplicates were eliminated through Mendeley software, and the quality of the selected studies was evaluated using JBI's critical appraisal tools. Two authors independently reviewed six full-text articles. Relevant data were extracted to Microsoft Excel, and a third author reviewed it. Any uncertainties were resolved through consultation with the last author. Selected studies included adults who had oculomotor problems resulted either from traumatic brain injury/stroke/cerebrovascular accidents and managed with various rehabilitative therapies. Office-based, home-based, or combination therapies with duration ranging from 8 to 12 weeks with the frequency of 2-5 sessions/week were found effective in managing oculomotor problems in adults. However, there is a need for more clinical studies with a larger sample size in this regard.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 3","pages":"320-324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11620314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing surgical aphakia and posterior capsular rupture with suture-assisted intraocular lens implantation.","authors":"Mukesh Kumar, Neha Chandak","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_239_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_239_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to describe a novel technique for implanting an intraocular lens (IOL) in the sulcus using a 10-0 nylon suture in cases of intraoperative posterior capsular rupture (PCR) with inadequate capsular support, anterior capsular extension during continuous curvilinear capsulorrhexis extending to the posterior capsule, or posttraumatic cataract.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 52 patients who underwent surgery at our hospital, during which an IOL was implanted with the assistance of a 10-0 nylon suture. All patients completed a 1-year follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 48 of the 52 patients, the IOL remained stable. However, in two patients, the IOL dropped into the vitreous cavity approximately 1-month postsurgery. These two individuals required IOL explantation, pars plana vitrectomy, and secondary IOL (SFIOL) implantation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Implanting an IOL in cases involving intraoperative PCR with inadequate capsular support, anterior capsular extension to the posterior capsule during continuous curvilinear capsulorrhexis, or posttraumatic cataract can be challenging. The technique of IOL implantation with the assistance of a 10-0 nylon suture, as described in this study, offers a straightforward and safe approach. In addition, it can help alleviate the financial and psychological trauma associated with a second surgery for both the patient and the surgeon.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 3","pages":"334-336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11620301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Teprotumumab versus intravenous methylprednisolone in thyroid eye disease: A systematic review.","authors":"Faizan Mehmood, Syed Ali Raza Rizvi, Sarah Alam, Benazir Ansari","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_308_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_308_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thyroid eye disease (TED), also known as thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy, is an autoimmune disorder caused due to a complex interplay between autoantigens including the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor and the insulin-like growth factor-I receptor. TED is characterized by progressive proptosis or diplopia. This systematic review aimed to compare the efficacy of the newer monoclonal antibody - teprotumumab and intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) in TED patients. We performed a systematic review of previously published studies from 2013 to June 2023. A total of 329 articles were screened; among them, 111 non-duplicate publications were identified. After the screening of titles and abstracts, 156 publications were excluded; then, another 47 published papers were excluded after the full-text screening. The remaining 15 eligible studies were included in this systematic review. The majority of studies used either teprotumumab alone or in combination with others. Among 15 studies, eight studies used teprotumumab in TED patients, whereas remaining 7 studies used a standard treatment regimen. This systematic review provides an overview of the existing treatment options using monoclonal antibody - teprotumumab and IVMP in TED patients. The overall assessment provides a finding that antibody - teprotumumab is is a good choice compared to conventional IVMP for providing better outcomes in patients with TED.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 3","pages":"313-319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11620316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clopidogrel therapy in nonischemic central retinal vein occlusion: A case report and therapeutic insight.","authors":"Houda Al Ghaithi, Ahmed Al Hinai, Mohammed Al Abri, Abdullah Al-Futaisi","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_83_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_83_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is a significant cause of vision impairment in adults, often associated with various systemic and ocular risk factors. The current literature presents a limited understanding of the efficacy of antithrombotic agents in CRVO management, with sparse comparative studies evaluating the effectiveness of different antiplatelet therapies. Here, we report the case of nonischemic CRVO in a 54-year-old male with multiple systemic comorbidities, including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Initial treatment with aspirin 100 mg daily resulted in worsening visual acuity (VA) and retinal pathology, prompting a transition to clopidogrel 75 mg daily due to patient refusal of intravitreal injection. Remarkably, clopidogrel therapy led to rapid and sustained improvement in VA, macular edema resolution, and complete resolution of retinal vascular pathology within weeks. This case underscores the therapeutic potential of clopidogrel in nonischemic CRVO management, suggesting its superiority over aspirin in select patients. We discuss the mechanisms underlying the differential efficacy of antiplatelet agents and highlight the need for further comparative studies to guide optimal treatment strategies in CRVO.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 3","pages":"380-383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11620306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to letter to the editor.","authors":"Prabrisha Banerjee, Md Shahid Alam, Haseeb Hassan","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_304_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_304_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 3","pages":"418"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11620305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evisceration and ocular prosthetic implantation following endovascular coiling for the management of endophthalmitis in a long-standing post-traumatic unilateral carotid-cavernous fistula: A case report and review of the literature.","authors":"Chinmayee J Thrishulamurthy, H Shafeeq Ahmed, Hima Pendharkar, M J Kusuma","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_41_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_41_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) is a rare condition involving an abnormal communication between the carotid artery and the cavernous sinus. We present a unique case of posttraumatic unilateral CCF initially misdiagnosed as a corneal melt with iris prolapse and orbital cellulitis. The patient, a 25-year-old male, experienced swelling, bleeding, and sudden vision loss in the affected eye following a fall. Imaging confirmed a direct CCF, and the patient underwent endovascular coiling, evisceration, and prosthetic replacement. Partial loss of levator palpebrae superioris muscle function was observed postprocedure. This case underscores the diagnostic challenge of CCF and highlights the significance of early and accurate diagnosis for appropriate management.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 3","pages":"388-392"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11620303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}