Oman Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Optical coherence tomography findings in patients with diabetic macular edema: A retrospective analysis.","authors":"Manjunathan Sivarasu, Gopinath Madheswaran, Saranya Sachi Balasubramaniam, Chinnasamy Balasubramaniam","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_23_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_23_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a leading cause of vision loss in diabetic people. DME can be treated with various medications, including intravitreal injections, laser therapy, and surgery. Early detection and treatment of DME is essential to prevent vision loss. The study aimed to describe patients' demographic and clinical characteristics with DME, optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings, and visual acuity outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A retrospective study reviewed case records of patients with DME between 2017 and 2020. Demographic data, clinical characteristics, and examination results were extracted and analyzed using Microsoft Excel (2013). All patients clinically diagnosed with DME underwent assessment by OCT examination. DME was classified based on OCT findings. Statistical significance was observed at <i>P</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This retrospective study included 213 eyes of 134 patients, of which 77.6% were male and 22.4% were female. Nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) was present in 51.64% of eyes, and PDR was present in 48.36%. Focal, diffuse, and cystoid macular edema was observed in 68, 31, and 65 eyes, respectively. Tractional macular edema was seen in 16 eyes with posterior hyaloid traction, 13 with epiretinal membrane (ERM), and one with both conditions. DME associated with subretinal fluid (SRF) detachment was seen in 8.92% of eyes. The mean (standard deviation) central retinal thickness was 284.5 (28.9), 434.0 (97.5), 426.5 (27.5), 510.5 (14.1), and 465.5 (280.7) μm in focal, diffuse, cystoid, ERM, and SRF, respectively. Increased central retinal thickness was associated with decreased visual acuity (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study suggest that DME is a common and visually significant complication of diabetes. The OCT findings can be used to classify DME into different subtypes, which may help to guide treatment decisions. Focal edema was the most common type of DME with the least central retinal thickness. In NPDR, focal macular edema was the most common; in PDR, cystoid edema was the most common. Cystoid edema was the most common type in the subgroup of patients with recurrent DME following anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"18 1","pages":"22-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superior segmental optic nerve hypoplasia misdiagnosed as normal tension glaucoma.","authors":"Tarannum Mansoori","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_341_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_341_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"18 1","pages":"95-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capsular bag distension syndrome: Swept-source optical coherence tomography features.","authors":"Sandhya Jeria, Rashmi Nagar, Prabhat Nangia, Vinay Nangia","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_192_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_192_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"18 1","pages":"93-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying pupillary dilation-induced alterations in intraocular pressure, angle, and anterior segment parameters in pseudoexfoliation syndrome using Scheimpflug imaging.","authors":"Maria N Boshra, Hossam M Moharram, Yehia M Khairat, M Tarek A Moustafa","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_159_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_159_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of the study is to compare the effects of three mydriatic agents on anterior segment parameters and intraocular pressure (IOP) in pseudoexfoliation (PEX) patients and compare the results with healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study involved 25 PEX and 16 control patients. Each received three dilating drops (phenylephrine, tropicamide, and cyclopentolate) with eye examinations before and after (over 3 weeks). The measured parameters included IOP, gonioscopy grading, and Scheimpflug imaging analysis of anterior chamber depth, anterior chamber volume, anterior chamber angle, pupillary diameter (PD), central corneal thickness (CCT), and corneal volume.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 66.12 years in the PEX group and 55 years in the control group. There were no significant differences between the groups in baseline parameters, except for CCT being significantly thicker in the control group (<i>P</i> = 0.049). After 2 h of using the dilating drops, the PEX group showed no change in CCT and gonioscopy measurement while all the other tested parameters showed a significant increase. Phenylephrine caused the greatest increase in pupil diameter. Correlation analysis of PD versus other parameters in both groups showed only a negative significant correlation between PD and IOP when using tropicamide on the PEX patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All three dilating drops are effective in dilating PEX patients. Phenylephrine is the most effective and ideal for both clinics and surgeries. Cyclopentolate is the least effective dilator in PEX patients compared to healthy controls. Tropicamide 1% provides a good balance between pupil dilation and minimal IOP elevation, making it safer for PEX patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"18 1","pages":"33-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925385/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel surgical technique: \"Ab interno\" autologous lamellar scleral patch for a large traumatic scleral defect at the posterior pole.","authors":"Selim Doganay, Mehmet Omer Kiristioglu, Gamze Ucan Gunduz","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_104_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_104_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This case report presents the case of a 60-year-old man who underwent autologous lamellar scleral patch graft (SPG) repair for a large posterior pole scleral defect during pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). Initially, the patient experienced a perforating air rifle pellet injury, necessitating suturing of the entry wound. Six days later, lensectomy and PPV were performed for traumatic cataract, removal of an intraocular foreign body, dense vitreous hemorrhage, and retinal detachment. During PPV, a significant full-thickness scleral defect was found at the posterior pole and repaired using a 3.5 mm × 4.5 mm autologous lamellar SPG sourced from the superotemporal superficial sclera. Postoperatively, the graft fully adhered to the adjacent sclera without complications such as silicone oil leakage or inflammation. This case marks the first instance of utilizing an autologous lamellar SPG for such a large posterior pole defect during PPV, showcasing its effectiveness and safety for such challenging conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"18 1","pages":"77-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925371/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical outcome of eplerenone in the management of acute central serous chorioretinopathy.","authors":"Pramod Kumar Sharma, Bhagyashree Padhan, Ipsita Khuntia, Madhumita Naik, Biswambara Satpathy","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_118_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_118_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the clinical outcomes of eplerenone in the management of acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This case-control study involved 52 eyes of 52 cases of acute CSCR divided between treatment (26) and control (26) groups. Cases in the treatment group were managed by tablet eplerenone 50 mg/d. During the scheduled visits, serum electrolytes and an ophthalmic evaluation, including optical coherence tomography, were conducted. The control group was subject to observation and a similar follow-up. The Statistical Programme for Social Sciences, version 23 was used for statistical tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age in the treatment and control group was 39.15 ± 12.1 years and 36.1 ± 8.09 years, respectively. In the treatment group, 46.15% of right eyes and 53.8% of left eyes, and in the control group, 61.5% of right eyes and 38.5% of left eyes were evaluated. Visual acuity improved to 6/6 in 96.2% of treated cases and 19.2% of controls in the 2^nd month of follow-up. Subretinal fluid resolved completely in 61.52% of treated cases and 38.46% of controls at 12-week follow-up. No adverse events were reported, and by the 12^th week of follow-up, the mean serum K+ was 4.80 ± 0.157 mEq/L.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Acute CSCR cases managed with oral eplerenone can attain faster resolution with significant functional improvement. Eplerenone may serve as a first-line therapeutic option for acute CSCR with a better safety profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"18 1","pages":"9-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925376/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Dubious Obscuration.","authors":"Nitya Raghu, Hennaav Kaur Dhillon","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_253_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_253_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"18 1","pages":"102-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foveal adhesion of a dexamethasone implant: Evaluation and follow-up via multimodal imaging.","authors":"Ewelina Niedzwiecka, Julio Cesar Molina Martín, Juan García Sánchez, Violeta Martínez Torres, Encarnación Mengual Verdú","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_297_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_297_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 3","pages":"411-412"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11620308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Headlight in the fog\" fundus appearance: Is just a sign and not a conclusion.","authors":"Krushna Gopal Panda, Anup Kelgaonkar","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_204_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_204_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 3","pages":"405-407"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11620317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the sedative and analgesic effects of ketorolac and diclofenac eye drops among patients with cataract surgery: A double-blind randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Hesameddin Modir, Esmail Moshiri, Alireza Amani, Amirreza Modir","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_246_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_246_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to compare the sedative and analgesic effects of ketorolac and diclofenac eye drops among patients with cataract surgery (CS) who received tetracaine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted in 2022. Participants were the candidates for CS consecutively selected from Amirkabir hospital, Arak, Iran, and were assigned to an artificial tear group, a ketorolac group, and a diclofenac group through block randomization. Pain, sedation status, heart rate, blood pressure, and arterial oxygen saturation were assessed during and after surgery. Complications prevalence and intraoperative propofol use were also documented. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software (v. 20.0) at a significance level of <0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no significant differences among the study groups respecting participants' age, gender, body mass index, blood pressure, heart rate, arterial oxygen saturation, CS duration, and Aldrete score (<i>P</i> > 0.05). From 5 min after CS onward, the mean score of pain in the ketorolac group was significantly less than the other groups (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The mean score of sedation from recovery to 1 h after surgery in the artificial tear group was significantly more than the other groups, whereas the mean score of sedation 2 and 4 h after CS in the ketorolac group was significantly more than the other groups (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Propofol use in the artificial tear group was significantly more than in other groups (<i>P</i> = 0.001) and patient and surgeon satisfaction in this group was significantly less than in other groups (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The ketorolac and the diclofenac groups did not significantly differ from each other respecting surgeon and patient satisfaction and the prevalence of complications (<i>P</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ketorolac eye drops are more effective than diclofenac eye drops in significantly reducing intraoperative pain among the candidates for CS with topical anesthesia. Therefore, ketorolac eye drops can be used with tetracaine eye drops in CS with topical anesthesia to produce greater perioperative analgesia and sedation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 3","pages":"342-347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11620299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142801689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}