Oman Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Spontaneous appearance and resolution of vitreous hemorrhage after bevacizumab injection in retinopathy of prematurity.","authors":"Abhishek Das, Prema Subramaniam, Parag K Shah, Venkatapathy Narendran","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_58_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_58_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 2","pages":"293-295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11309549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141917272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boergen modification of Harada-ito surgery with and without vertical muscle surgery for acquired unilateral superior oblique muscle palsy.","authors":"Hajar Farvardin, Hadi Farvardin, Majid Farvardin","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_183_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_183_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose is to report the results of the Boergen modification of the Harada-Ito procedure with and without simultaneous vertical muscle surgery in patients with acquired unilateral superior oblique muscle palsy.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Files of patients with acquired unilateral superior oblique muscle palsy who were treated with Boergen modification of the Harada-Ito procedure were studied retrospectively. For each patient, age at the time of surgery, the presence of diplopia, compensatory head posture, and ocular deviation before and after surgery were retrieved. Results were evaluated 6 months after surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 12 patients with a mean age of 32 years at the time of surgery (range 15-45 years) were included. The underlying etiology was head trauma in eleven patients. The modified Harada-Ito procedure alone was done for three cases (Group 1), and a simultaneous combination of this procedure and vertical muscle surgery was performed in nine patients (Group 2). The average intorsional effect in the primary position was 9.2° (8° in Group 1 and 9.6° in Group 2). The average correction of hypertropia in the primary position was 8.2 prism diopters (PD) (1 PD in Group 1 and 10.6 PD in Group 2). Diplopia in the primary position and downgaze were resolved in eleven patients and ten patients, respectively. Four patients had a compensatory head tilt at their last follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Boergen modification of the Harada-Ito procedure, alone and combined with vertical muscle surgery, successfully corrected primary position diplopia in the majority of the patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 2","pages":"214-218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11309543/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141917207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conjunctival nodule as a primary manifestation of disseminated histoplasmosis.","authors":"Chhavi Gupta Narula, Arpan Gandhi, Sima Das","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_158_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_158_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Histoplasmosis is a granulomatous infection caused by dimorphic fungus-<i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i>. Ocular involvement is mainly in the form of retinal or choroidal involvement as presumed ocular histoplasmosis mostly in immunocompromised patients. Conjunctival, scleral, and adnexal involvement is rarely reported. We report a case of disseminated histoplasmosis with conjunctival lesion as the initial clinical manifestation clinching the diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 2","pages":"275-277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11309541/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141917212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corneal ocular surface squamous neoplasia: Case series and review of literature.","authors":"Ayushi Agarwal, Marwan H Farhan, Dilip K Mishra, Swathi Kaliki","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_111_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_111_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The authors present a retrospective analysis of three cases of isolated corneal ocular surface squamous neoplasia (C-OSSN) without limbal or conjunctival involvement and review the clinical and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) features, along with treatment outcomes. The mean age at presentation was 51 years (range: 32-64 years). The mean tumor diameter was 5 mm (range: 3-6.5 mm). All lesions were placoid with <1 mm thickness. One case had surface keratin. AS-OCT revealed hyperreflective epithelium with abrupt transition in all cases, with mean thickness of 118 μm (range: 60-162 μm). One patient underwent alcohol-assisted keratoepitheliectomy (AKE) and two patients received topical Interferon alpha-2B followed by AKE. Histopathology revealed mild squamous dysplasia in all. No tumor residue or recurrence was noted at a mean follow-up period of 2 years (range: 1-4 years). Isolated C-OSSN is rare. AS-OCT serves as a useful noninvasive tool for supporting the diagnosis of AKE yielding long-term favorable outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 2","pages":"249-253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11309551/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141917213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of safety and efficacy of sub-Tenon and subconjunctival anesthesia in manual small-incision cataract surgery for hard-grade cataracts.","authors":"Rajesh Subhash Joshi, Pranshu Goel, Pallavi Doble","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_7_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_7_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose was to study the safety and efficacy of sub-Tenon and subconjunctival anesthesia in manual small-incision cataract surgery (MSICS) in patients with hard-grade cataracts.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>The design of the study was a prospective, observational, and randomized control study.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 196 eyes, including 98 eyes in the subconjunctival anesthesia group (group A) and 98 eyes in the sub-Tenon anesthesia group (Group B), undergoing MSICS were enrolled in the study. A single surgeon performed all the surgeries. Intraoperative and postoperative pain scores, patient comfort, surgeon's satisfaction, and intraoperative complications were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of patients in Group A was 66.64 ± 9.95 years and that of patients in Group B was 64.52 ± 9.46. No statistically significant difference was noted in the intraoperative (<i>P</i> = 0.54) and postoperative pain (<i>P</i> = 0.66) scores between the two groups. There was no pain (0 score) in 30% of patients in Group A and 35% of patients in Group B intraoperatively. The average surgical time (<i>P</i> = 0.66) and surgeon's comfort (<i>P</i> = 0.34) were not statistically significant. The mean corneal haze was 0.054 ± 0.12 in group A and 0.065 ± 0.22 in group B (<i>P</i> = 0.45). Two patients in group A required supplemental anesthesia. There were no surgical complications that could compromise visual outcomes. No patients in either group showed alterations in vital parameters or required intravenous sedation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both techniques of anesthesia are safe and effective for performing MSICS in hard-grade cataracts. However, it is prudent to choose a technique according to the surgeon's requirements.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 2","pages":"181-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11309539/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141917219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profile and risk factors of sight-threatening retinopathy of prematurity: Experience from SNCU in North India.","authors":"Mannat Nayyar, Mangla Sood, Praveen Kumar Panwar","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_167_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_167_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This research aimed to identify the clinical profile and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) among \"at-risk\" newborns treated at a sick newborn care unit (SNCU) located at high altitude in North India, with the intention of contributing to formulate regional and national ROP screening guidelines.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In a prospective observational study from 2021 to 2022, outborn and inborn babies eligible for ROP screening were screened.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Total 39/122 screened neonates had laser for Type 1 ROP, and 22/39 (56.4%) had aggressive ROP (AROP). The average birth weight (BW) was 1803.87 g, and the average gestational age was 34 weeks. Respiratory distress, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, sepsis, and apnea were present in 57.3%, 13%, 52.5%, and 25.4%, respectively. Sight-threatening ROP was present in 50% below 28⁺⁶ weeks, 27% between 29 and 30⁺⁶ weeks, 52% between 31 and 33⁺⁶ weeks, and 15% with gestation >34 weeks. Two babies with Type 1 ROP weighed >2 kg and one had AROP. Upon regression analysis, BW <1500 g, gestation <32 weeks, oxygen >48 h, clinical sepsis, total SNCU stay >14 days, continuous positive airway pressure support with oxygen >50%, and >10 days to achieve full feeds were associated with severe ROP. Caffeine to treat apnea and kangaroo mother care reduced ROP. None had short-term unfavorable outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>With similar infrastructure and work force shortage in most SNCUs, these findings can be generalized. The burden of Type 1 and AROP is increasing, as seen in higher gestation and BWs. This needs revision of ROP screening criteria at local and national level. It is crucial to emphasize on the importance of pediatrician and ophthalmologist collaboration, early ROP screening, diagnosis, and treatment to stop disease progression to severe ROP.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 2","pages":"224-233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11309536/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141917268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Nocardia</i> keratitis: A clinical diagnosis with successful outcome.","authors":"Dubbaka Srujana, Sandeep Shankar, Kavita Bala Anand, Mohini Agrawal, Aanchal Singhal, Ashok Kumar, Divya Kochhar","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_175_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_175_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Nocardia</i> keratitis is mostly seen in patients with alcoholism, malnutrition, or HIV. Its chronic waxing-and-waning course makes it difficult to diagnose. A 53-year-old male presented with pain and redness in his right eye for the past 3 weeks. The cornea had paracentral ulcer with stromal infiltrates and multiple satellite lesions giving wreath-like appearance suggestive of <i>Nocardia</i>. After corneal scraping, fortified amikacin, moxifloxacin, and cycloplegics were started. Gram stain revealed filamentous, branching Gram-positive bacteria and acid-fast on Ziehl-Neelsen stain confirming our clinical diagnosis. Ulcer completely resolved over 6 weeks. Thus, a high index of clinical suspicion which was further backed by microbiological confirmation aided in expedient management ensuring a successful outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 2","pages":"261-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11309550/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141918615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suprachoroidal triamcinolone for alexandrite laser-induced macular burn.","authors":"Ameen Marashi, Marwa Baba, Quratulain Paracha","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_105_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_105_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two days after treatment for unwanted facial hair by alexandrite laser, a young female presented with decreased vision in the right eye. During the procedure, she was not wearing protective eye goggles. Ocular examination showed a round whitish lesion at the foveal region with visual acuity of 20/400. The left eye was unremarkable. She was treated immediately with a suprachoroidal injection of triamcinolone acetonide delivered with a custom-made needle. This resulted in the improvement of visual acuity and restoration of foveal anatomy over 1-year period.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 2","pages":"281-284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11309544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141918619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To determine the role of transcutaneous retrobulbar amphotericin B in COVID-19-related rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis.","authors":"Rajwinder Kaur, Akriti Sehgal, Priyanka Gupta, Grace Budhiraja, Vandana Sharma, Anupriya Aggarwal","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_19_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_19_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to determine the role of transcutaneous retrobulbar amphotericin B (TRAMB) injection in COVID-19-related rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This prospective interventional case series included 7 eyes of 7 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 ROCM presenting from May to September 2021 at a tertiary care center in North India. Active or recovered cases of COVID-19 with clinical features suggestive of ROCM and early orbital involvement were included. Following functional endoscopic sinus surgery, patients were given TRAMB 3.5 mg/ml in single ocular quadrant depending upon the muscle involved on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Patients were followed up for a period of 12 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All patients were diabetic and COVID-19 reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction positive. The mean age of patients was 48.4 years ± 11 years, out of which 5 patients were male and 2 were female. The left eye was involved in 57.14% of cases whereas 42.85% of cases had right eye involvement. Presenting complaints were drooping of the upper lid (57.14%; <i>n</i> = 4), proptosis (28.57%; <i>n</i> = 2), facial pain and swelling (85.71%; <i>n</i> = 6), and nasal block (57.14%; <i>n</i> = 4). Stagewise distribution was 3a in four patients (57.14%), 3b in two patients (28.57%), and 4a in one patient. TRAMB injections (median - 3) were given, and improvement was seen in all patients in terms of ocular movements, ptosis, proptosis, and muscle enhancement on MRI scan. Three patients had an increase in intraocular pressure and inflammation which settled within a week with favorable anatomical and functional outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Transcutaneous retrobulbar amphotericin B should be considered an adjunctive treatment modality for ROCM patients with limited orbital disease to preserve ocular function.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 2","pages":"198-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11309535/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141917220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solar retinopathy: A literature review.","authors":"Mohammad Jourieh","doi":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_248_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ojo.ojo_248_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Solar retinopathy (SR) refers to retinal injury that results from unprotected excessive exposure to light. It has been associated with direct sungazing, sunbathing, laser pointers, and welding arc exposure. Symptoms are typically bilateral and are characterized by asymmetric decreased vision, central or paracentral scotoma, photophobia, metamorphopsia, and headache. In most cases, recovery occurs spontaneously with no specific treatment within weeks to 6 months after exposure. However, few cases have been reported in the literature using steroids in acute SR because of their anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this review is to present an update about this entity, describing the pathogenesis, risk factors, and diagnostic methods, with focus on management and outcomes of SR.</p>","PeriodicalId":19461,"journal":{"name":"Oman Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"17 2","pages":"173-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11309525/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141917270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}