Occupational and Environmental Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Exploratory research on occupational exposures and breast cancer risk in the CECILE study.","authors":"Lisa Leung, Anita Koushik, Emilie Cordina-Duverger, Jack Siemiatycki, Pascal Guénel","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2024-110021","DOIUrl":"10.1136/oemed-2024-110021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In 'exploratory mode', to examine associations between occupational exposure to 49 prevalent agents and breast cancer risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a French population-based case-control study on breast cancer (2005-2007), lifetime occupational histories of 1230 incident cases and 1315 controls were collected. An industrial hygienist coded each job held by a participant. Job codes were subsequently linked to the Canadian job-exposure matrix, and exposure level estimates for numerous agents were generated. Multivariable unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate associations between occupational exposure to 49 prevalent agents and breast cancer risk, adjusting for established breast cancer risk factors and selected sociodemographic covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increased ORs, ranging between 1.33 and 2.39, were observed for women in the highest tertile of cumulative exposure versus unexposed for the following 12 agents: sodium carbonate, synthetic fibres, wool fibres, silk fibres, organic dyes and pigments, plastic dusts, plastics pyrolysis fumes, ozone, nitrogen oxides, anaesthetic gases, aliphatic ketones and mononuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. When stratified by menopausal status, the ORs for many of these agents were stronger among premenopausal versus postmenopausal women.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest the possible role of some occupational agents in the aetiology of breast cancer. Further studies, based on large sample sizes and high-quality exposure assessment, are needed to confirm our findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"139-147"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144079332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ending nuclear weapons, before they end us.","authors":"Chris Zielinski","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2025-110301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2025-110301","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144079331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weight loss maintenance among truck drivers in the SHIFT randomised controlled trial, USA.","authors":"Ryan Olson, Brad Wipfli, Ginger C Hanson, Todd Bodner, W Kent Anger, Diane L Elliot, Layla Mansfield","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2024-109903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate weight loss maintenance among truck drivers following an effective initial intervention and to test a priori hypotheses that social support and stress factors would moderate long-term success.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Commercial truck drivers enrolled in the Safety & Health Involvement For Truckers cluster-randomised controlled trial (22 terminal clusters; n=452) completed measurements at baseline, postintervention (6 months) and 1 year postintervention (18 months) in the USA in 2012-2015. The mobile health intervention was a group-based competition involving self-monitoring, feedback, incentives, online training and motivational interviewing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In an intent-to-treat analysis, the difference between groups at 18 months post-baseline in mean body weight was -0.92 kg (p=0.328; intervention=0.00, control=+0.92). Moderation analyses revealed a significant between-group intervention effect on body weight at 18 months for drivers with supervisors who engaged in higher levels of family supportive supervisor behaviours (p=0.033; group difference=-2.74 kg). Intervention effects on several diet and exercise outcomes at 18 months were also significantly moderated by social support and stress factors. Within the intervention group, high initial programme participation was associated with significantly greater 18-month weight loss than lower participation (p<0.001; -3.43 kg vs +2.17 kg).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The intervention produced significant long-term weight loss for truck drivers with a supportive supervisor, providing further evidence for the broad health benefits of this workplace relationship. Additional findings highlight the value of initial programme participation and may inform future replications and extensions of similar health programmes for truck drivers.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>NCT02105571.</p>","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144003167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Many roads can lead to Rome: communicating occupational and environmental medicine.","authors":"Thomas C Erren, Philip Lewis","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2025-110264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2025-110264","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical workload during pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes: results from a Danish nationwide occupational register-based pregnancy cohort (DOC*X-Generation).","authors":"Camilla Sandal Sejbaek, Hannah Nørtoft Frankel, Esben Meulengracht Flachs, Karin Sørig Hougaard, Ingrid Sivesind Mehlum, Sandra Soegaard Toettenborg, Ida E H Madsen, Jens Peter Ellekilde Bonde, Luise Moelenberg Begtrup","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109908","DOIUrl":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective was to investigate if high physical workload during pregnancy is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The register-based cohort, DOC*X-Generation included employed pregnant women in Denmark (1977-2018). A summary score of physical workloads, based on a job exposure matrix with eight physical work activities, was linked to the job held during pregnancy (coded by DISCO-88). The exposure was divided into five groups from low to high exposure. Data on miscarriages were retrieved from the Danish National Patient Register. Preterm birth (PTB) and small for gestational age (SGA) were determined by gestational age and birth weight from the Danish Medical Birth Register. Other nationwide registers provided data on potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included pregnancies for approximately 1 million unique women where 13% terminated in miscarriages (of ~1.9 million pregnancies), 5% were PTB (of ~1.5 million pregnancies) and 13% were SGA (of ~1.6 million pregnancies). Employment in occupations with high physical workload was associated with increased risk of all three outcomes in a dose-dependent manner. For the highest compared with the lowest exposed group, adjusted ORs were 1.24 (95% CI 1.22 to 1.27) for miscarriage, 1.15 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.19) for overall PTB and 1.12 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.14) for SGA.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study, based on an unselected cohort of employed women over a 40-year period, corroborates previous findings of an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes due to high physical workload during pregnancy. A general recommendation to decrease the overall occupational workload of pregnant women might prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"53-60"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of sedentary behaviour reduction on desk-worker workplace satisfaction, productivity, mood and health-related quality of life: a randomised trial.","authors":"Tyler D Quinn, Subashan Perera, Molly B Conroy, John M Jakicic, Matthew F Muldoon, Kimberly A Huber, Abdullah B Alansare, Anthony J Holmes, Bethany Barone Gibbs","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109868","DOIUrl":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109868","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Sedentary behaviour (SB) is related to lower worker health-related quality of life (HRQOL), mental health and productivity. However, it is unknown whether reducing SB improves these outcomes. This study assessed whether a 3-month SB reduction intervention improved or was associated with dose-response changes in workplace satisfaction, productivity, mood and HRQOL.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Inactive desk workers with elevated blood pressure were randomised to a 3-month SB reduction intervention (n=135) or control (n=136). The intervention used a sit-stand desk, wrist-worn activity prompter and bi-monthly individual coaching to primarily replace work SB with standing and stepping. SB measured via a thigh-mounted activPAL3 micro, workplace satisfaction, productivity, mood and HRQOL were assessed at baseline and 3 months. Analyses of covariance compared changes in outcomes between groups with adjustment for baseline values. In both groups, associations between changes in work and non-work SB and outcomes were examined using linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with control, reducing SB did not significantly change workplace satisfaction, productivity or HRQOL. Among mood measures, only vigour improved (1.01 vs 0.1 points, p=0.0302). Among all participants, reductions in non-work SB were associated with improvements in workplace satisfaction (+0.15 and +0.27 points/hour of non-work standing and stepping, respectively) and productivity (+0.47 points/hour of non-work stepping), while changes in SB during work were not related.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Interventions reducing non-work rather than work SB may be more impactful for improving workplace satisfaction and HRQOL outcomes. Future studies should explore workplace-based SB reduction interventions that are longer and target non-work time to improve similar outcomes.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>NCT03307343.</p>","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"61-68"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer incidence in male and female Canadian Armed Forces personnel and Veterans enrolled between 1976 and 2016: a retrospective population-based cohort study.","authors":"Andrea Marie Jones, Yvon Daniel Cousineau-Short, Chrissi Galanakis, Deborah Weiss, Amy L Hall","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109924","DOIUrl":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe rates of overall and type-specific primary cancers in Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) personnel and Veterans with a first enrolment in the CAF between 1976 and 2016, with comparisons to the Canadian general population (CGP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study linked CAF administrative data to national cancer registries. Primary cancer diagnoses were ascertained from 1976 to 2017. Using age, year and sex-specific rates from the CGP, SIRs and 95% CIs were calculated by sex for all cancers combined and specific cancer types. Subgroup analyses were conducted for service status, rank and international deployment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 210 910 male and 34 940 female CAF personnel and Veterans, 6415 and 1620 incident primary cancer cases were observed, respectively. For cancers overall, CAF personnel and Veterans had lower or similar risk compared with the CGP. Subgroup analyses indicated lower or similar risk compared with the CGP for most cancer types but elevated risk for melanoma in male and female personnel, officers, deployers and male senior non-commissioned members (NCMs); lung and bronchus cancer in male and female junior NCMs; pancreatic cancer in male junior NCMs; testicular cancer in male officers; and cervical cancer in female junior NCMs and non-deployers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CAF personnel and Veterans had lower or equal rates of cancer overall compared with the CGP. Elevated rates were observed for certain cancers within subgroups. Further research to examine time trends and risk factors for cancer outcomes in this population is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"90-97"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D levels in Portuguese Navy military personnel: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Moisés Henriques, Florentino Serranheira, Susana Viegas, Ema Sacadura-Leite","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109968","DOIUrl":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109968","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Evaluate vitamin D levels in Portuguese active-duty Navy military personnel during winter and explore the relationship between Navy occupational settings and vitamin D levels, as well as between vitamin D levels and fatigue, sleep health, and burnout.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All active-duty Navy military personnel who collected a blood sample at the Naval Medicine Centre during the winter of 2023-2024 were included in a cross-sectional study. Serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25(OH)D), calcium, phosphorus and parathyroid hormone were added to their analysis request. They were asked to complete a questionnaire that included questions about work, sun exposure, vitamin D-rich foods and/or vitamin D supplements or medication intake, fatigue, sleep health and burnout. Blood samples were processed at the Clinical Pathology Service of the Portuguese Armed Forces Hospital. T-test/median test and z-test were applied to compare homologous means/medians and prevalences, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 735 participants, 42.2%, 41.1% and 16.7% were vitamin D deficient, insufficient and sufficient, respectively. The median serum 25(OH)D level was significantly lower (p<0.001), and vitamin D deficiency prevalence was significantly higher (p=0.000) in 'onboard' and 'indoors' groups, as well as in the 'mixed shifts' group (p=0.030; p=0.004). Median serum 25(OH)D level was not statistically different between groups with and without fatigue, poor sleep health, and personal or work-related burnout.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in a sample of Portuguese active-duty Navy military personnel, during winter, especially those working onboard, indoors and with mixed shifts, must be addressed by Navy occupational health services. Future research should include submariners.</p>","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"76-82"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143503063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular mortality among seafarers: a Danish nationwide cohort study.","authors":"Anna Uhd Bøge, Sören Möller, Rune Lindahl-Jacobsen, Lisa Loloma Froholdt, Kimmo Herttua, Linda Juel Ahrenfeldt","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109885","DOIUrl":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109885","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death globally and the second most frequent cause of death in Denmark. Due to their unique occupational environment, seafarers are exposed to numerous risk factors for CVD including lifestyle and work-related factors. This study aims to investigate CVD mortality among Danish seafarers by comparing them to the economically active reference population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This register-based cohort study included data on all Danish seafarers from 1993 to 2016 and compared them with the economically active Danish population not working as seafarers. The seafarers' mortality was calculated using piecewise stratified Cox regression adjusting for potential confounders. Mortality was further analysed by diagnosis groups, vessel type and employment duration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 52 861 seafarers, 4226 deaths were observed, with 866 (20.5%) of these attributed to CVD. Male seafarers had higher all-cause mortality in age groups 18-44 years (HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.33 to 1.62), 45-64 years (HR 1.43, 95% CI 1.37 to 1.50) and 65+ years (HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.26 to 1.39) compared with the reference population. CVD mortality was increased for male seafarers aged 45-64 years (HR 1.27, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.42) and 65+ years (HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.21 to 1.48). The mortality was higher for male seafarers for ischaemic heart diseases, other forms of heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases and diseases of arteries, arterioles and capillaries. CVD mortality was also observed based on vessel type.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study provides evidence of elevated CVD mortality among Danish seafarers. Future research should focus on identifying effective strategies to improve the cardiovascular health of seafarers.</p>","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"69-75"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational exposure and chronic bronchitis in a sample of the general population in Telemark, Norway: a two-phased cross-sectional study.","authors":"Anne Kristin Møller Fell, Chi Zhang, Geir Klepaker, Regine Abrahamsen, Nikola Zivadinovic, Johny Kongerud, Martin Veel Svendsen, Kjell Torén, Paul Blanc","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109641","DOIUrl":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to estimate the prevalence of chronic bronchitis (CB), examine its association with occupational exposure to irritants assessed by self-reporting or the Nordic job exposure matrix (N-JEM) stratified by smoking status and estimate the population-attributable fraction (PAF) of CB from occupational exposure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A two-phased, cross-sectional design was used to analyse a random sample collected in 2013 and 2018 of the population aged 16-55 years in Telemark County, Norway. CB was defined as cough and sputum production for ≥3 months over 2 consecutive years. The participants' occupational histories were categorised using the International Standard Classification of Occupations and linked to the N-JEM. Self-reported occupational exposure was also assessed. Logistic regression was performed with adjustments for age, sex and smoking status and yielded ORs, 95% CIs and associated PAFs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 20 282 participants, 5.3% reported CB symptoms. CB was associated with the frequency of self-reported occupational exposure to vapours, gas, dust and fumes (VGDF), with increasing ORs ranging from 1.6 (95% CI 1.3 to 1.9) for seldom to 3.6 (95% CI 2.9 to 4.5) for daily exposure. Among ever-smokers, the N-JEM 'irritants' category was associated with CB (OR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1 to 1.8) to a similar degree as in the group that reported VGDF exposure (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.7 to 2.5). The PAFs for CB from VGDF exposure were 41% overall, 49% among ever-smokers and 37% among never-smokers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Occupational exposure to VGDF was associated with CB, when self-reported and for smokers when assessed by the N-JEM. Workplace exposure contributed to more than one third of the overall CB burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"98-104"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12015022/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}