Occupational and Environmental Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Physical activity interventions and musculoskeletal health in surgeons: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Claus Kjærgaard, Alexander Jahn, Tommy Kjærgaard Nielsen, Pascal Madeleine, Benjamin Steinhilber, Annett Dalbøge","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2025-110237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2025-110237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Surgeons face a significant risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders due to the demands of their profession. However, the effects of physical activity interventions (eg, exercises or active and passive microbreaks) remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of physical activity interventions on musculoskeletal health in the surgical population.A systematic literature search was conducted between 15 April 2024 and 30 May 2024, using six databases. We only included experimental studies, and meta-analyses were conducted for active microbreaks, while we narratively synthesised the results for other physical activity interventions due to small number of studies. The level of evidence was evaluated using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation.Among 5576 identified articles, a total of 9 articles were included. For active microbreaks, the meta-analyses showed pooled estimates between -0.24 (95% CI -0.36 to -0.11) and -0.62 (95% CI -0.87 to -0.37) for pain in body regions related to the spine, upper extremity and lower extremity. For passive microbreaks, significantly lower levels of musculoskeletal pain and strain were found in the spine, neck, arms and knees at the end of the procedure compared with no intervention. For exercise with and without ergonomic counselling, a significant decrease in pain was found from baseline to 3, 6 and 12 months in most body parts. For all intervention types, the level of evidence ranged from very low to low.We found that physical activity interventions have positive effects on the musculoskeletal health of surgeons. However, the low level of evidence highlights the need for high-quality research.</p>","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145293069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene-occupational exposure interactions in small airways obstruction in the UK Biobank: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Valentina Quintero Santofimio, Diana van der Plaat, Elaine Fuertes, James Potts, Hans Kromhout, Johanna Feary, Andre F S Amaral","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2025-110112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2025-110112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Small airways obstruction (SAO) has been associated with lifetime exposure to several agents in the workplace. Whether this association is modified by genetic variants is unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from 147 317 adults (33 552 with SAO; 108 762 without SAO) participating in the UK Biobank, we conducted a genome-wide association analysis to identify genetic variants associated with SAO at baseline, defined as the forced expiratory volume in 3 s to 6 s ratio (FEV₃/FEV₆) below the lower limit of normal. We assigned occupational exposures using the ALOHA+ job exposure matrix. Using cross-sectional data from 38 911 participants (8363 with SAO; 30 548 without SAO), who had complete job histories, we assessed whether the identified genetic variants interacted with occupational exposures on SAO using logistic regression models adjusted for confounders. Additionally, we investigated whether gene-occupational exposure signals were associated with gene expression in lung tissue.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 36 genetic variants significantly associated with SAO. Eight of these significantly modified the association of SAO with pesticides, vapour, gases, dusts, fumes and metals, with participants homozygous for the reference allele being at increased risk of SAO when exposed to these agents. Only two of these genetic variants (rs9273529 and rs644045) appeared to affect gene expression in lung tissue. We found no significant interactions with solvents.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Using a large population-based cohort, we identified genetic variants that interact and modify the association between SAO and several common workplace exposures. Further research is needed to confirm these effect modification findings and clarify potential biological mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145293023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational exposures to inorganic dust are associated with emphysema: the SCAPIS cohort.","authors":"Mathias Holm, Linus Schioler, Anna Dahlman-Hoglund, Håkan Tinnerberg, Martin Andersson, Annelie Behndig, Anders Blomberg, Kerstin Cederlund, Jonas Eriksson Ström, Christer Janson, Åse Johnsson, Eva Lindberg, Anders Lindén, Stefan Ljunggren, Andrei Malinovschi, Anna-Carin Olin, Ida Pesonen, Magnus Sköld, Magnus Svartengren, Hanan Tanash, Per Wollmer, Xi-Ming Yuan, Suneela Zaigham, Kjell Torén","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2025-110140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2025-110140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>There is a lack of knowledge about whether occupational exposures increase the risk of emphysema, especially in never-smokers. Our objective was to determine if occupational exposures are associated with emphysema and impaired diffusing capacity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS), persons from the general population aged 50-64 answered a questionnaire and underwent CT of the lung as well as assessment of the diffusing capacity of their lungs for carbon monoxide (DL_CO), presented as DL_CO<lower limit of normal (LLN). Emphysema was defined as emphysema in any part of the lungs. Occupational exposures were assessed by a job exposure matrix based on longest held job. ORs with 95% CIs were calculated using logistic multivariable models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this cross-sectional study (27 370 persons including 13 981 never-smokers), occupational exposure to inorganic dust was associated with emphysema (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.47), also among never-smokers, (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.00 to 2.11). There were associations with DL_CO<LLN for occupational exposure to inorganic dust and vapour and gases. With all exposures in the same model, inorganic dust was associated with emphysema (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.57), and vapour and gases were associated with DL_CO<LLN (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.38). In those with emphysema and impaired DL_CO, there was an association with inorganic dust (OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.20 to 2.28), also among never-smokers (OR 3.79, 95% CI 1.35 to 10.63).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Occupational exposures to inorganic dust are associated with emphysema. The association is stronger in those with the combination of emphysema and impaired DL_CO indicating serious exposure effects in the alveoli.</p>","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145244831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How is the mental health of teachers faring? A 10-year follow-up study of depressive symptoms and job dissatisfaction in the CONSTANCES cohort.","authors":"Justine Wenta, Nathalie Billaudeau, Sofia Temam, Sofiane Kab, Marcel Goldberg, Cécile Vuillermoz, Marie-Noël Vercambre","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2025-110273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2025-110273","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Teachers' mental health, an important asset for society, may be impacted by security or health crises alongside more structural changes. Our primary aim was to assess 2012-2022 trends in depressive symptoms among French teachers compared to similar employees. We further examined concomitant trends in job dissatisfaction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Within the ongoing French national CONSTANCES cohort, depressive symptoms were regularly assessed (up to four times between 2012 and 2022) using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale (CES-D, score 0-60). We used mixed models adjusted for sociodemographic factors to estimate mean parameters (95% CI) of CES-D variations between 2012 and 2022 among teachers (n=15 022) compared with other intermediate or managerial/professional occupations (n=21 361). We similarly studied changes in job dissatisfaction (score 1-8) from 2018 (first occurrence in questionnaires) to 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2012, teachers' CES-D was slightly lower on average compared with that of non-teachers (-0.66 point (-1.19 to -0.12)), but tended to increase more rapidly over the decade, particularly in the years concomitant to the COVID-19 pandemic (+0.14 point/year (0.01 to 0.27)). By 2022, the gap had closed. Job dissatisfaction followed a somewhat different pattern: slightly lower among teachers in 2018, it increased at first more rapidly compared with non-teachers, but then stabilised, in parallel with the waning of the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study highlights unfavourable long-term trends in the mental well-being of French teachers. Although clinical changes at individual levels would be mostly imperceptible, our findings concern a large population of key professionals, suggesting their growing needs for mental health support in the long run.</p>","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145239170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental health effects of unemployment and re-employment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.","authors":"Tom Sterud, Lars-Kristian Lunde, Rigmor Berg, Karin I Proper, Fiona Aanesen","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2025-110194","DOIUrl":"10.1136/oemed-2025-110194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This systematic review examined the impact of unemployment and re-employment on mental health problems (depression, anxiety and psychological distress) among working-age adults. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, APA PsycINFO and Web of Science (January 2012-March 2024) and included studies from a prior meta-analysis (1990-2012). Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We conducted random-effects meta-analyses and narrative synthesis and evaluated the certainty of evidence using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Of 9328 search records, 38 prospective longitudinal studies met the inclusion criteria (27 from 2012-2024 and 11 from 1990-2012). A pooled standardised mean difference (SMD, Cohen's d) of 0.19 (95% CI 0.08 to 0.30, I²=88.7%) indicated increased symptom levels among the unemployed compared with those regularly employed. Similarly, pooled effect estimates indicated reduced symptoms after re-employment, with a stronger effect observed in between-group difference-in-difference analyses (SMD=-0.27, 95% CI -0.35 to -0.20, I²=40.1%) than within-group analyses (SMD=-0.19, 95% CI -0.29 to -0.10, I²=84.3%). The certainty of evidence for all outcomes based on our GRADE evaluation was low. Our systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that unemployment increases the risk of mental health problems, while re-employment may reduce this risk. However, due to the lack of high-certainty evidence, further longitudinal studies with multiple follow-ups are needed to strengthen causal inferences and better clarify mental health trajectories before and after re-employment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"343-353"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12505101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145033844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pain predicts being out of work, especially for those with low job control: longitudinal analysis of adults in Australia.","authors":"Lucía Macchia, Liam Delaney, Michael Daly","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2025-110242","DOIUrl":"10.1136/oemed-2025-110242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>While work provides a crucial source of income and purpose, pain can be a significant limiting factor. Yet robust empirical evidence on the factors underlying the link between pain and being out of work remains scarce. We explore the longitudinal association between pain and being out of work and potential explanatory factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used nationally representative longitudinal data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics of Australia Survey (n=25 973, number of observations=233 989, 2002-2022). We conducted individual fixed effects regressions with a wide range of covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that pain in a given year was significantly positively associated with the likelihood of being out of work the year after. Pain interference with work explained this link. This association was moderated by job control: participants who reported very severe pain and low job control were more likely (10.6%) to lose their job next year than those who reported very severe pain and high job control (6.7%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pain was associated with being out of work, with job control moderating that link. Having the autonomy to flexibly adapt the nature of work tasks to accommodate pain may protect against being out of work.</p>","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"320-325"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between shift work arrangements, sleep characteristics, urinary cortisol and melatonin levels among nurses in Hong Kong.","authors":"Beixi Li, Wenzhen Li, Priscilla Ming Yi Lee, Shirong Qiu, Anke Huss, Julie Y T Ma, Joey Chan, Amy Wing-Yin Ho, Chung Shun Ho, Jean H Kim, Emily Ying Yang Chan, Yun Kwok Wing, Lap Ah Tse","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2025-110334","DOIUrl":"10.1136/oemed-2025-110334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Shift work disrupts hormonal rhythms, but evidence linking specific shift patterns to cortisol/melatonin variations remains limited. This study evaluated the associations of a rapid-rotating shift pattern (ie, PAN pattern, shift transitions from afternoon to morning to night shifts within approximately 40 hours) and irregular non-PAN pattern shifts with urinary cortisol and melatonin among Hong Kong nurses, while also assessing the role of sleep on rhythmic hormones.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 7-day actigraphy-based study recruited 201 shift nurses and 100 daytime workers. First-morning voids on the first non-workday postnight shift or postoffice work measured cortisol and melatonin metabolite (aMT6s) levels. Actigraphy measured sleep parameters. Generalised linear models examined the associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PAN pattern nurses slept less than non-PAN nurses (5.8 vs 6.4 hours) and exhibited greater circadian phase delay (16.4 vs 15.9 hours). Non-PAN nurses had the lowest cortisol, cortisone and aMT6s levels, with significantly reduced cortisol levels (β=-0.31, p=0.017) compared with daytime workers. Sleep characteristics strongly influenced hormone levels, with each additional hour of sleep decreasing cortisol levels by 10.3%, while each later hour of wake-up time was associated with 3.9% lower cortisol levels; later sleep midpoints decreased melatonin by 5.1% per hour. A three-way interaction revealed weakened cortisol-sleep duration associations with later wake-up times in PAN nurses (p=0.032).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Irregular shifts, longer sleep duration and delayed wake-up time significantly reduced wakening cortisol levels, while delayed sleep timing suppressed melatonin secretion. These findings highlight how shift arrangements and sleep characteristics disrupt hormonal rhythms in shift workers. Optimising shift patterns and sleep interventions (eg, prioritising duration/consistency) may mitigate circadian disruption and improve shift worker health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"335-342"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rotating shift work, with night shift work, affects cardiovascular risk factors: a 6-year follow-up study in the insulation industry.","authors":"Marit Skogstad, Sarah Alsaedi, Per Anton Sirnes, Asgeir Mamen, Øivind Skare, Elisabeth Goffeng, Lars Ole Goffeng, Dagfinn Matre, Hans Christian Dalsbotten Aass","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2025-110191","DOIUrl":"10.1136/oemed-2025-110191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess absolute levels and longitudinal changes in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors over 6 years among rotating shift workers with night shift work and day workers in industry.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We studied three groups, 32 night shift workers in Plant A with a high night load, 23 in Plant B with a low night load and 25 day workers during a 6-year follow-up (FU). We collected demographics by questionnaire, measured blood pressure, resting heart rate, carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), carotid to femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O_2max). We analysed blood samples including lipids, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and C reactive protein (CRP). Mixed models were used to assess changes and differences in changes of these outcomes between shift and day workers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over the 6-year FU weight, cfPWV and CRP increased among shift workers with a high night load, and cIMT increased among shift workers with a low night load and among day workers. Over the 6-year FU, a significant decrease in V̇O_2max and an increase in HbA1c were found among all workers. The decrease in V̇O_2max and increase in HbA1c were associated with number of years in shift work.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Rotating shift work with night shift work in industry associates with weight increase, inflammation, arterial stiffness, increase in cIMT and HbA1c but also decreased V̇O_2max. Reducing the number of night shifts and including periods of restitution in the shift plan seem to mitigate some of the CVD risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"326-334"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12505108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145001074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Day-to-day association of night work with musculoskeletal pain and other symptoms: results from the 1001 nights-cohort.","authors":"Kirsten Nabe-Nielsen, Dagfinn Matre, Marie Tolver Nielsen, Anne Helene Garde","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2025-110260","DOIUrl":"10.1136/oemed-2025-110260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Night work disrupts sleep, which may increase inflammatory processes, pain sensitivity and pain perception. We investigated effects of night shifts on musculoskeletal pain (MSP) and other mental and somatic symptoms using day-to-day measurements in a within-person design. We also disentangled the effect of night work from the effects of shift-related differences in job demands and sleep.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 522 hospital employees with data on ≥1 day shift (n=1926) and ≥1 night shift (n=1422). Participants reported their working hours, MSP, other mental and somatic symptoms, sleep and psychosocial and physical job demands daily for 14 days. We estimated prevalence ratios (PRs) of MSP and symptoms when working night shifts compared with day shifts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for age and job demands, night shifts were associated with pain in the lower extremities (PR 1.12; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.25), gastrointestinal symptoms (PR 2.12; 95% CI 1.26 to 3.53) and other mental and somatic symptoms (PR 2.54; 95% CI 1.31 to 4.91). Adjustment for sleep duration did not alter these findings. However, longer shift duration may explain the higher occurrence of lower extremity pain during night shifts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found no evidence of a general effect of night work on MSP. Only an acute effect on lower extremity pain was observed, which may be attributable to longer night shift duration. Employees also more frequently reported other types of symptoms when working night shifts, even after adjusting for job demands and sleep duration. Thus, physiological effects related to circadian misalignment may be a plausible explanation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"313-319"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144883366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facilitators and barriers to implementing Hearing Conservation Programmes in industrial workplaces: a systematic review.","authors":"Hanis Syazwani Ab Fatah, Siti Munira Yasin, Kamarulzaman Muzaini, Mohammad Nasir Abdullah","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2025-110134","DOIUrl":"10.1136/oemed-2025-110134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) remains a serious occupational risk in industrial settings with constant high noise exposure. Although Hearing Conservation Programmes (HCPs) are widely implemented, their effectiveness is limited by funding shortages, poor training and low compliance. This systematic review examines factors that facilitate or hinder HCP implementation, variations in program outcomes and the influence of employee attitudes, behavior and regulatory compliance. Methodological quality was assessed using the Effective Public Health Practices Project (EPHPP) tool, and risk of bias in non-randomized studies was evaluated with Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I).We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane for English-language studies on industrial HCPs published between 2000 and 2024. Eligible designs included randomised or non-randomised trials, observational studies and mixed methods. Data extraction was guided by a standardised form capturing programme components such as training, monitoring, compliance strategies, participant characteristics and outcome indicators, which included hearing protection device usage, NIHL incidence and compliance.Nine studies from various industries met the criteria. Key facilitators included management commitment, worker involvement and tailored interventions that improved compliance and reduced NIHL. Common barriers were inconsistent training, discomfort with protective equipment and gaps between programme goals and workplace conditions. The findings also highlighted that consistent regulatory compliance and a supportive organisational culture play a critical role in the successful implementation of HCPs.Effective HCPs require context-specific designs addressing workplace barriers and enhancing facilitators. Future research should prioritise longitudinal studies to evaluate long-term sustainability and impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"354-362"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144847999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}