Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice最新文献

{"title":"Role of Prospective Audit in Antimicrobial Stewardship at the Surgery Department of a Tertiary Hospital in Lagos.","authors":"R O Amusan, O O Oduyebo, B O Mofikoya","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_106_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_106_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prospective audit with intervention and feedback is one of the core strategies of antimicrobial stewardship. Goal is to preserve the current and future antibiotics against the threat of antimicrobial resistance, while improving patient safety and reducing healthcare costs.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To perform a prospective audit of antimicrobial prescription and feedback as an antimicrobial stewardship strategy.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This audit was carried out in the Department of Surgery of a Teaching Hospital. Data were gathered from patients' clinical records. Each filled checklist was analyzed, and recommendations given based on the antibiotic guidelines. These recommendations were communicated to the prescriber(s) through the head of the antimicrobial stewardship committee in surgery department. Compliance to recommendations and reasons for non-compliance were noted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 655 prescriptions audited, 133 (20%) were for surgical prophylaxis, while 522 (80%) were for treatment. Community acquired infections accounted for 464 (89%) of the treatment while those acquired in the hospital were 58 (11%). Reasons for antibiotic were documented for 522 (80%), sample collection before antibiotics administration in 56 patients (21%) of which 32 (57%) antibiotics were de-escalated based on laboratory results. Stop/review dates were indicated only in 77 (15%) of the treatment prescriptions. Appropriate prescribing was observed in 323 (49%) of 655 prescriptions (53 of 133 antibiotics for surgical prophylaxis and 270 of 522 for treatment).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The compliance rate to the consensual antibiotic guidelines is still below average. The areas of inappropriateness included wrong choice of antibiotic, prolonged use, too many antibiotics. Engaging the prescribers to identify the reasons for non-compliance with the guidelines is crucial to improve appropriate antibiotic prescribing.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"28 1","pages":"33-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144035065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long Non-Coding RNA as a Potential Diagnostic Tool in Coronary Artery Diseases - A Systematic Review.","authors":"As Arthi Sri, V P Veeraraghavan, S Patil, A T Raj","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_256_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_256_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) remains a leading global health challenge. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as promising biomarkers for CAD. A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines evaluated 22 studies to assess long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as biomarkers for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). Among 27 identified lncRNAs in 5,301 participants, KCNQ1OT1, HIF1A-AS2, and APOA1-AS showed notable diagnostic accuracy, with 100% sensitivity and 80% specificity. One lncRNA, OTTHUMT00000387022, exhibited the highest specificity at 98%. Despite methodological differences, consistent diagnostic relevance was observed across studies, with sensitivity and specificity reaching 100% and 98%, respectively. This review underscores the potential of lncRNAs as CAD biomarkers, with 23 upregulated and 4 downregulated lncRNAs identified. Their stable presence in human biofluids and strong association with CAD suggest their utility as diagnostic markers and potential therapeutic targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"28 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144034522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Survey of Smartphone Addiction and its Relationship with Academic Performance among Saudi Undergraduate Dental Students.","authors":"Abi Eroje, A A AlBariqi, S Tikare, B Braimoh, C I Onwuka, Kzf Alqarni, Ayf Al-Baitah, A F Hommade, Aia Asiri","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_230_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_230_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationship between smartphone use and academic attainment is generally contradictory and hence it is imperative for more research on this subject matter.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this present study is to assess smartphone use, the prevalence of smartphone addiction, factors related to its addiction, and determine the relationship of smartphone addiction on academic accomplishment among male dental students in King Khalid University (KKU) Abha, Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A Cross-sectional study was conducted among male dental students at KKU, Abha, Saudi Arabia. A validated Smartphone Addiction Scale Short-version (SAS-SV) questionnaire was adopted for this research. Statistical significance level for all tests set at P value < 0.05 at 95% confidence interval. Pearson's correlation was used to examine the strength of the relationship between academic performance and smartphone addiction, Multiple logistic regression analysis to determine the association and predictors of smartphone addiction with GPA among the study population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred and sixty-eight (168) respondents participated in the study. Social networking (35.7%) was the main purpose for smartphone usage. Also, 9.5% of respondents used smartphones for educational purposes. The prevalence of students who were addicted was 78.0%. Pearson's correlation showed a significantly negative weak correlation (df = 166, r = -0.35, P = 0.0001*). The age of first use of smartphones was statistically significantly weak and correlated negatively to smartphone addiction (df = 166, r = -0.19, P = 0.014*).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study revealed a high prevalence of smartphone addiction among the study population and the use of smartphones for educational purposes was found to be low. Furthermore, the study shows a statistically significant negative association between smartphone addiction and GPA.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"28 1","pages":"49-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Ocular Biometric Changes after Antimetabolite-Augmented Trabeculectomy in Nigerian Adult Glaucoma Patients.","authors":"E O Onebunne, T F Sarimiye, O Olawoye, C O Bekibele","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_344_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_344_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Trabeculectomy can induce changes in ocular biometrics, potentially impacting intraocular lens calculation accuracy. While these effects have been documented, primarily in Caucasian populations, limited data exists on how trabeculectomy affects biometrics in individuals of African descent, who may exhibit distinct ocular characteristics.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To describe changes in ocular biometrics after antimetabolite-augmented trabeculectomy in an adult Nigerian population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An observational, hospital-based, prospective study involving 52 adult glaucoma patients with Mitomycin-C augmented trabeculectomy for primary glaucoma at the University College Hospital, Ibadan. Ocular biometry parameters such as keratometry (K), axial length (AXL), pachymetry (CCT), and lens thickness (LT) measurements were taken before the surgery, 1 week, and 3 months after surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study cohort's mean age (SD) was 49.1 (±14.6) years. In the first postoperative week, the mean baseline AXL values (23.7 ± 0.9) mm decreased (23.4 ± 0.8, P <0.001), mean baseline Keratometry values (42.9 ±1.3D) increased (43.2 ±1.5D, P =0.004), mean baseline CCT values (543.0 ±44.0 µm) did not differ (544.4 ±55.6 µm, P = 0.57) neither did mean baseline LT values (3.8 ±0.7mm) change (3.9 ±0.8mm, P = 0.57). At the 3rd postoperative month, the mean AXL was shorter (23.5 ±0.8mm, P = 0.007), CCT was thinner (526.3 ±47.5 µm, P <0.001), Keratometry was steeper (43.1 ±1.4D, P =0.02), while the LT value remained unchanged. The change in AXL was affected by age, preoperative refractive status, glaucoma diagnosis, and degree of reduction of IOP from baseline. There was a positive correlation between thinner pachymetry value and lower IOP, steeper keratometry, and lower IOP values at the 3rd postoperative month.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The considerable changes in ocular biometric parameters following trabeculectomy should be considered in setting target IOP at follow-up and calculating intraocular lens power for cataract surgery post-trabeculectomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"28 1","pages":"70-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144013062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors and Predictors of In-Hospital Mortality in Geriatric Patients with Hip Fractures: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Y E Aslan, O L Avsarogullari, I H Kafadar, S Akin","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_542_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_542_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hip fractures are among the most frequent traumatic injuries in the elderly and cause significant morbidity and mortality. Elderly hip fractures are frequently admitted to the emergency department (ED).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate clinically geriatric patients admitted to an ED with hip fractures and to identify risk factors and predictors for in-hospital mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included patients aged ≥65 years diagnosed with hip fractures in the ED of a tertiary university hospital between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2018. A multiple logistic regression model was used to identify risk factors for in-hospital mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three hundred and nineteen patients with hip fractures were analyzed, 204 (63.9%) of whom were women, with a mean age of 80.82 ± 7.41 years (65-102 years). In 247 (77.4%) patients, there was at least one comorbidity, most frequently hypertension (52%) or osteoporosis (51.1%). The median number of drugs used was 5 (range 0 to 9). Intensive care was required in 198 patients (62.1%). The in-hospital mortality rate was 8.5% (27 patients). According to the multiple logistic regression model, the factors predicting in-hospital mortality were pulse rate [odds ratio (OR), 1.039; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.002-1.078], total leukocyte count (OR, 0.803; 95% CI: 0.652-0.989), serum calcium level (OR, 0.380; 95% Cl: 0.138-0.912), venous lactate level (OR, 2.459; 95% CI: 1.029-5.878), and length of hospital stay (OR, 1.205; 95% CI: 1.052-1.381).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These data suggested that among geriatric hip fracture patients, increased pulse rate, elevated venous lactate level, low serum calcium level, total leukocyte count at the time of initial presentation to the ED, and prolonged duration of hospitalization were risk factors for in-hospital mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"28 1","pages":"99-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Fasting and High-Fatty Diet Effect Ossseointegration: An Experimental Study.","authors":"C A Kaya, R Guler, M C Yavuz, E C Ozcan, A Bozoglan, S Dundar","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_835_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_835_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hyperlipidemia caused by a high-fat diet (HFD) has many adverse effects on the cardiovascular system, including vascular problems. In addition, a high-fat diet has significant adverse effects on bone health.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the levels of bone-implant connection in rats subjected to fasting and a high-fatty diet.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized a sample size of 28 female Spraque-Dawley rats. The rats were divided into four groups, with 7 rats in each group; the control group on a normal diet (Group 1) (n = 7), the fasted group (Group 2) (n = 7), the high-fatty diet (HFD) group (Group 3) (n = 7), and the fasted and high-fat diet (Group 4) (n = 7). Machined surfaced titanium implants with a diameter of 2.5 mm and a length of 4 mm were placed in the right tibia bones of the subjects. All rats that continued the administered diet for 12 weeks were sacrificed at the end of the experimental period. The implants and the surrounding bone tissue were surgically removed and subjected to biomechanical analysis to assess bone-implant osteintegration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no statistically significant difference in bone-implant osteointegration (P > 0,05) between the rats in the control group and the other three groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study determined that fasting or maintaining a high-fat diet does not adversely affect the bone-implant connection in rats' tibias.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"28 1","pages":"19-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144032717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Potential Link: Atherosclerosis and Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: Analyzing Lipid-Related Atherosclerosis Markers in 203 Patients at a Specialized Urticaria Outpatient Clinic in a Tertiary Center.","authors":"D Avcı, A Avcı, R Ertas, K Ozyurt, Y Ulaş, A Çetinkaya, A Mustafa","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_321_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_321_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study investigated the relationship between Chronic spontaneous urticaria and atherogenic dyslipidemia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study retrospectively screened 203 patients diagnosed with CSU and 182 healthy controls between January 2017 and January 2024. We compared the weight of the atherogenic component in the cholesterol components of patients with CSU. The same comparisons were made in patients and control groups when those with total lipid levels below ≤ 200 mg/dL were selected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Atherogenicity markers such as Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) (p<0.001), remnant lipoproteins (p<0.001), non-HDL-C (p=0.031), and non-HDL to HDL-C ratio (p=0.043) values were higher in the CSU group compared to the healthy control group. While this situation was similar in the female gender, statistical significance remained only for AIP (p=0.004) and remnant lipoproteins (p=0.043) among these parameters in males. While there was statistical significance for AIP (p=0.004) and remnant lipoproteins (p=0.043) in patients with total cholesterol levels ≤ 200 mg/dL, no significant differences were detected for the markers non-HDL-C (p=0.545) and non-HDL-C to HDL-C (p=0.292).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Atherogenic lipids may be markers that may able to differentiate patients with the potential to develop CSU.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"28 1","pages":"57-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Serum Electrolytes Levels and Lipid Profile among Young Obese Saudi Females.","authors":"S M Ahmed, W Mohammedsaeed","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_225_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_225_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A higher prevalence of electrolyte imbalance is observed among individuals who are obese when compared to the general population. It has been observed that obesity contributes to electrolyte imbalance, which is one of the conspicuous consequences of this physiological dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to evaluate serum electrolytes and lipid profiles among young obese Saudi females.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was cross-sectional at Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia. The research included 350 obese females aged 20-25 with a body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2. The study included students and employees aged 20-25 with a high BMI of 116 ≥30 kg/m2. A total of three hundred fifty people volunteered to take part in this study. Volunteers received self-administered screening questionnaires to remove individuals who did not match the eligibility requirements. Participants were chosen using a random selection approach, with the additional criteria of having no pre-existing medical issues and a BMI ≥30 kg/m2 based on submitted information.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the females with obesity was 21 ± 10.3 years who had body mass index (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). Approximately 28.57% of subjects had hypernatremia, 2.9% hyponatremia (P = 0.03), 28.57% hypokalemia, 2.8% hyperkalemia (P < 0.001), 30% hypomagnesemia, and 2.9% hypermagnesemia (P < 0.001), 2.3% hypochloremia, 10.8% hyperchloremia. (P > 0.05) Notably, these individuals also exhibited elevated levels of cholesterol (P = 0.04) and triglycerides (P < 0.001). There exists a correlation between BMI levels and the levels of fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, and triglycerides (r = 0.53, P = 0.04, r = 0.56, P = 0.04, r = 0.55, 181 P = 0.02, respectively). The levels of Na+ exhibit a positive correlation with BMI (r = 54, P = 0.03), whereas the levels of K+ and Mg2+ demonstrate a negative correlation (r = -0.53, P = 0.02, r = -0.54, P = 0.04, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Young females in Saudi Arabia who are obese may have greater levels of sodium (Na+), decreased levels of potassium (K+), and elevated levels of triglycerides and cholesterol Addressing these imbalances through targeted dietary and lifestyle interventions may be crucial for improving the health outcomes of these individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"28 1","pages":"40-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Profile and Vitamin D Status in Beta Thalassemia Major Children at a Tertiary Care Institute of Central India: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"R M Meshram, M A Salodkar, S R Yesambare, S M Mohite, R B Gite, V R Rathod","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_592_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_592_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In India, the prevalence of beta thalassemia is 3.74%, and sixty to eighty percent of thalassemic children have vitamin D deficiency syndrome.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To estimate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and parathyroid levels in thalassemic children of Central India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted on 61 diagnosed beta thalassemic children of 2-12 years of age at the pediatric department of the tertiary care institute of Central India for six months by consecutive sampling method. Demographic, transfusion, and clinical data were collected. Serum Vitamin D levels were estimated by electrochemical-luminescence technology and serum parathyroid hormone was by immunoassay. Complete blood count, serum ferritin/calcium/phosphorous, and liver functions test were performed. Frequency, mean, standard deviation, and correlation of various variables were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three-fourths of the participants were above 5 years of age and male to female ratio was 1.5:1. Most (88.5%) cases required blood transfusion every 3-4 weeks duration and 80.3% were receiving chelation therapy and all of them were on oral Deferasirox. About half of the participants had serum ferritin levels 1000-3000 ng/dl, and 27 (44.3%) had levels more than 3000- 5000 ng/dl. The total mean vitamin D and parathyroid hormone were 18.4 ± 9.9 ng/ml, and 13.1 ± 15.4 pg/ml respectively. The prevalence of low vitamin D was 63.9% and low parathyroid level in 21.3% of participants. Serum vitamin D level was inversely related to age, serum ferritin level, and transfusion frequency while directly related to serum calcium level.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is 63.9% and low parathyroid hormone is 21.3%. Serum vitamin D has a negative correlation with increased age and increased serum ferritin levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"28 1","pages":"107-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143984485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Images Marked as Child Abuse by Digital Systems in Terms of Forensic Age Determination: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Z Liman, U Kayhan, M Ş Yıldırım","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_779_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_779_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The utilization of children in digital recordings with explicit content is subject to significant penalties on a global scale. In the context of legal proceedings, it is of significant legal and social importance to correctly determine whether the images examined belong to a child or an adult.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>It is aimed to reveal the problems encountered in the expert witnessing process, to reveal the methods that can be used in age determination, and to contribute to the improvement of the expert witnessing process with the data examined in age determination from digital images.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The decisions of forensic medicine experts on the digital images dated between 01/01/2015 and 31/12/2022, in which opinions were expressed as to whether the images included children and, if so, the age range of the children, were evaluated retrospectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over the specified period, 349 digital materials were examined from 69 perpetrators as part of 67 different court cases. It was observed that 67.9% (n = 237) of the potential victims were female and 81.2% (n = 56) of the suspect were male. In cases where only limited image data were available, the age range could be determined in only 20% of cases. In contrast, when the majority of body parts were visible, the age range was determined in 70.8% of cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In light of the discrepancies between our findings and those of intelligent systems, it is evident that novel methodologies and studies are required, particularly for adolescent populations. It is an inevitable consequence of erroneous opinion that problems will be created for both the victim and the suspect.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"28 1","pages":"118-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}