Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice最新文献

{"title":"Exploring the Efficacy of Hypochlorous Acid as a Cost Effective Environmental Decontaminant in Dentistry: A Scoping Review.","authors":"R Ahmed, S Ahmed","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_674_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_674_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dental procedures result in the production of bioaerosols that contaminate various environmental surfaces in the dental clinic. In order to maintain a safe environment in the dental clinic and prevent cross contamination, it is important to find alternative disinfection methods and agents to ensure effective decontamination. Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is a cost-effective antimicrobial agent that can be used for infection control. The purpose of this scoping review is to provide evidence from the literature supporting the routine use of HOCl as a biodecontamination and disinfection agent in dental clinics. An electronic search was completed on the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Wiley, and Science Direct. The studies were included based on their titles, abstract, and relevance to HOCl and the ability to render pathogens deactivated after exposure to HOCl vapor. The search focused on studies in the past 5 years. The search resulted in a total of 15 articles being selected after exclusions based on duplications, title, and abstract assessment. The articles included studies that used various HOCl concentrations and expanded on the inactivation of several pathogens. The reviewed studies highlight HOCl's broad-spectrum antimicrobial efficacy, with significant reductions in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus, and Clostridioides difficile, reinforcing its role in optimizing disinfection protocols across healthcare and occupational settings. The articles selected provided clear evidence that under correct and established parameters, HOCl can provide a cheaper safer alternative to most disinfectants. Further studies are recommended on applications methods in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"28 4","pages":"425-445"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144009289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Assessment of the Relationship Between Fetal Growth Restriction and Maternal Serum Markers of Systemic Inflammation (NLR, SIRI, SII, and PIV).","authors":"A Akay, Y Akdaş-Reis, S Yilmaz-Ergani, K Hajiyeva, Y Engin-Üstün","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_530_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_530_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The processes involved in inflammatory regulation are crucial during pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to identify the association between fetal growth restriction (FGR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), Systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII), and pan-immune inflammatory value (PIV).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective case-control study was conducted between 2015 and 2021. The study group comprised cases diagnosed with FGR, while the control group was randomly selected from a healthy cohort of pregnancies. The levels of inflammatory markers were calculated from the blood count results of the cases. A comparison was conducted between the two groups' obstetric and neonatal outcomes and serum inflammatory markers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1052 cases were included in the study, with 526 (50%) belonging to the FGR group. The mean age was found to be similar in both groups (P = .311). A significant increase in neutrophils, NLR, SIRI, SII, and PIV was observed in the FGR group (P < .05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis results demonstrated that elevated neutrophil, NLR, and SII values were independent risk factors for FGR (P < .001). No notable discrepancy was observed in these markers between the early and late FGR (P > .05). A significant inverse relationship was observed between neutrophils, NLR, and SII, and gestational age and fetal weight at birth (P < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings indicated that elevations in neutrophils, NLR, and SII are independent risk factors for FGR. These markers reflecting maternal systemic inflammation, have been linked to FGR and associated poor neonatal outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"28 4","pages":"545-551"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144016362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Relationship between Serum 25(OH) Vitamin D Levels and Cardiac Functions in Adolescent Athletes.","authors":"Ö Güneş, H Altın","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_732_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_732_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vitamin D is a prohormone necessary for the optimal functioning of the locomotor and circulatory systems in humans. As a caveat, vitamin D metabolism is crucial for maintaining musculoskeletal and cardiovascular health for overexercising people, like athletes. Our study intended to explore the relationship between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH) D) levels and left ventricle/right ventricle (LV/RV) systolic and diastolic function in adolescent athletes using 2D Doppler studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In our cross-sectional study, 100 adolescent athletes were divided into two groups: vitamin D insufficiency (25(OH)D<20 ng/mL) and vitamin D sufficiency (25(OH)D>20 ng/mL) with 30 males and 20 females in both groups. A detailed physical examination and basic biochemical tests were performed; serum 25(OH)D levels were determined, and an echocardiographic evaluation was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that decreased serum 25(OH)D levels were associated with impairment in many indicators of cardiac function, such as left ventricular-right ventricular-interventricular septum peak systolic velocity (Sm) and Tei index, inflow peak early diastolic velocity and inflow peak late diastolic velocity ratio (E/A), annulus early diastolic myocardial peak velocity (E'), and E/E' ratio.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To protect cardiac functions in adolescent athletes, we suggest screening serum 25(OH) D levels during certain periods, such as fall and winter, and vitamin D supplementation if necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"28 4","pages":"471-479"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histomorphometric Analysis of the Human Umbilical Cord and Its Vessels in Pregnant Women with Anemia: A Case-Control Study.","authors":"I Ahmed, A Elmugabil, M M Salih, L E Ali, A A Siniyeh, E H Khalifa, S M Hanafy, I Adam","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_648_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_648_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anemia during pregnancy is a significant public health concern as it is associated with adverse maternal and fetal consequences.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the histomorphometric changes in the umbilical cord as an indicator of maternal physiological dysfunction and to evaluate the impact of maternal anemia on fetal development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A case-control study was conducted to explore the histomorphometric changes in UC and its vessels in women with anemia in Central Sudan. The following parameters were studied using the ImageJ software: vessel area (VA), wall area (WA), lumen area (LA), mean wall thickness boundary (MWTB), mean wall thickness skeleton (MWTS), and external diameter skeleton (EDS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>UCs were studied in 73 women with anemia and 102 women without anemia. Only one woman had severe anemia (hemoglobin level, <7 g/dl). Maternal age, parity, and gestational age showed no significant differences between women with and without anemia. However, the median (interquartile range) birth weight was significantly lower in women with anemia than in those without anemia [3.29 (2.91‒3.58) g vs 3.42 (3.09‒3.77) g, P = 0.043]. None of the investigated variables (VVA, WA, LA), MWTB, MWTS, and EDS) did not differ between women with and without anemia. No significant correlations were found between maternal hemoglobin levels and UC parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current study showed no difference in UC parameters between women with and without anemia. The nonsevere form of anemia may explain the results of this study. Therefore, further research is required in this regard.</p><p><strong>Data access statement: </strong>The data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Due to ethical and privacy concerns, some data may be restricted in accordance with institutional and regulatory guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"28 3","pages":"367-372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144030371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Anthropometric Measurement Results and the Relationship Between Individual Identity and Geographic Belonging Through Artificial Neural Networks from a Mental Health Perspective.","authors":"Ş Öztuna, C Işık, N A Altınöz","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_290_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_290_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Identity verification and geographical belonging are significant issues with mental health implications, particularly in forensic contexts. Anthropometric measurements offer potential insights into these relationships.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the significance of anthropometric measurement results and the relationship between an individual's identity and their geographical belonging through artificial neural networks from a mental health perspective.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Study Population: The study population consisted of female individuals who visited or were brought to the forensic medicine outpatient clinic of a public hospital located in the center of Balıkesir Province between June 2023 and October 2023. Sample: The sample consisted of 100 voluntary female participants who agreed to take part in the study. The participants' geographical origins were inquired, and anthropometric measurements were conducted. Measurement results were recorded in an artificial neural network program using participant code names and evaluated using the Matlab program.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was found that lip prints, fingerprints, and the angle of the mandible contained varying amounts of usable data in both the training and testing phases. The system developed by the researchers achieved a high success rate with an R-value of 1 during the training process and 0.97 during the testing process.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In future research addressing identity verification as a social issue from a mental health perspective, solutions may involve improving the performance of this system by utilizing different artificial neural network models, learning algorithms, and activation functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"28 3","pages":"294-304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144030391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Catastrophic Health Expenditure among Health-Insured and Noninsured Diabetic Patients in Kaduna State, North West Nigeria.","authors":"Z S Babandi, M A Darma, M B Jibril, A T Aliyu, S Shehu, A Lawal, A A Aliyu","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_77_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_77_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetes imposes significant economic burdens on individuals and households through higher out-of-pocket payment. Access to affordable care is critical to reducing mortality and associated suffering.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess and compare catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) and factors associated with CHE among health-insured and noninsured diabetic patients in Kaduna State, Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted using a multistage sampling technique to select 500 respondents. Using an interviewer-administered questionnaire, information was collected on sociodemographic characteristics, income, cost of care, and CHE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the respondents was 50.0 ± 1.3 years and 53.7 ± 14.6 years for the health-insured and non-insured groups, respectively. About 42% and 68% of the health-insured and insured patients incurred CHE, respectively (P = 0.001). The intensity of CHE was 18.3% and 26.2% for the health-insured and noninsured diabetic patients, respectively (P = 0.43). Religion (AOR: 1.98; CI: 4.21-6.6; P = 0.048), occupation (AOR: 0.13; CI: 0.042-0.421; P = 0.001), and duration of diabetes (AOR: 2.1; CI: 1.021-8.223; P = 0.045) were found to be associated with CHE.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study found a significant difference in the incidence of CHE between the two groups, although the difference in intensity of CHE was not significant. It is recommended that the Federal and State Governments ensure health insurance coverage and other social safety nets for nonformal sector diabetic patients to protect them from CHE.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"28 3","pages":"417-424"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144005150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory and Analgesic Profiles in Intervertebral Disc Herniation: Variability with Respect to Neurological Deficit.","authors":"B Morkoç, O Aktan, H S Solak, E Bodur, J Karakaya, B Kaymak, S Bilgin","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_814_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_814_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Disc herniation is both a mechanical and biochemical process in which contact between intervertebral discs and spinal nerves causes compression, chemical irritation, inflammation, and pain. The inflammatory process is known to vary depending on pain duration, herniation type, and pain severity, but the relationship with neurological deficits remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to compare individuals with lumbar disc herniation with and without neurological deficits (WND/WOND) and healthy individuals in terms of serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 4 (IL-4), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), beta-endorphin, anandamide, and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 37 lumbar disc herniation patients WND (22 female, 15 male), 37 patients WOND (22 female, 15 male), and 35 healthy individuals (18 female, 17 male). TNF-α, IL-6, IL-4, IL-1β, beta-endorphin, anandamide, and 2-AG serum levels were analyzed using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no difference in TNF-α levels between the WOND, WND, and control groups (P = 0.383). The WOND and WND groups showed significantly higher expression of IL-1β (P < 0.001) and IL-4 (P = 0.034, P < 0.001) when compared with healthy controls. IL-6 expression was lower in the WND group than in the control group (P < 0.001). Beta-endorphin, anandamide, and 2-AG levels did not differ significantly between the WOND, WND, and control groups (P = 0.888, P = 0.247, P = 0.433, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study is the first to demonstrate the effect of the presence of a neurological deficit on serum biomarker levels in patients with lumbar disc herniation. Even in the presence of neurological deficit, decreased levels of proinflammatory cytokines and increased levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines indicated regression of the disc herniation. These results suggest the need to establish new and improved treatment protocols to target the inflammatory process in individuals with lumbar disc herniation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"28 3","pages":"393-400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143973051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum and Saliva Biomolecules in Periodontitis Patients with and without Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"D Öztürk, I Midi, M Alaylıoğlu, E N Tuncer, D Gezen-Ak, E Dursun, B Doğan","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_254_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_254_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD) and periodontitis are linked to a systemic pro-inflammatory state, potentially influencing the progression of one another.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to evaluate serum and salivary IL-10, IL-18, and resistin levels between periodontitis patients with and without AD.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Forty-three periodontitis patients with AD (mild or moderate), 40 without AD were included in the study. To determine the cognitive status Mini-Mental State-Examination (MMSE) test was used. Samples of blood and saliva were collected a day after measurement of periodontal parameters. ELISA method was used to analyze IL-10, IL-18, and resistin levels both in serum and saliva samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No difference was detected regarding clinical periodontal parameters across both groups (P > 0.05). The periodontitis patients with AD had elevated serum IL-18 levels compared to those without AD (P < 0.05). In the AD group, salivary resistin levels were higher in severe periodontitis patients than in moderate ones (P < 0.01). Furthermore, MMSE score was correlated negatively with serum levels of IL-18 (P < 0.05), and salivary levels of resistin positively with gingival index, bleeding on probing, and probing depth (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study confirms the possible role of serum IL-18 in the inflammatory process of AD. Additionally, the present relationship between salivary resistin levels and the severity of periodontitis in AD patients needs further investigation to fully understand the implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"28 3","pages":"409-416"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143973122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Turkish Version of the Tonsil and Adenoid Health Status Instrument.","authors":"Y Gündoğdu, A C Yumuşakhuylu, O Asya, J Mamadlı, Ç Oysu","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_679_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_679_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tonsil and Adenoid Health Status Instrument (TAHSI) is a powerful, validated, and disease specific assessment tool for adenotonsillectomy. Adenotonsillectomy rates show geographic variation. In addition, healthcare utilization and patient behaviors are very different among countries. Therefore, validation and cross cultural adaptation of TAHSI is required.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This paper aimed to validate the cross cultural adapted version of the TAHSI. Methods: This single center prospective study included 129 patients who had undergone adenotonsillectomy or tonsillectomy and 98 healthy children in a single institution between January 2018 and June 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>T TAHSI and all eight subscales' total scores were higher in the patient group compared to the healthy group. In addition, the difference in T TAHSI scores before and after surgery was significant. After surgical intervention, a substantial decrease in the T TAHSI score was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>T TAHSI is a dependable and thoroughly validated tool, adapted for use across various cultures. It serves as a powerful tool for medical professionals, particularly for assessing the outcomes of surgical procedures in adenotonsillar disease. T TAHSI is instrumental in determining the success of surgical treatments. Additionally, elevated scores on this tool should signal to clinicians the potential need for surgical intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"28 3","pages":"313-319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143974902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular Changes due to Antipsychotic Agents among First Episode Patients with Schizophrenia.","authors":"T O Iyidobi, T C Iyidobi, A C Ndukuba, K U Amadi, P C Odinka, R C Muomah, S Ghasi","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_609_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_609_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antipsychotic medications increase cardiovascular diseases beyond schizophrenia. This effect is worsened by the kind of antipsychotics used.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine the cardiovascular changes due to antipsychotics in schizophrenic patients in tertiary hospitals in Enugu State, Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a prospective analytical study of 64 schizophrenic in-patients screened using Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Data were collected with a designed questionnaire and proforma of cardiovascular indices assessed at baseline, 1 and 3 months visits. (test of significance was set at 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of participants was 32.41 ± 7.33 years. Three-quarter, 78.1% of the participants were on atypical antipsychotics. There are significant increase in mean differences of Blood Pressure and Electrocardiogram changes from baseline to 3 months following initiation of antipsychotics; SBP (117.96 ± 8.00 to 129.31 ± 13.54, F = 34.03, P < 0.001), QRS duration (105.14 ± 34.40 to 111.87 ± 37.24, F = 21.7. P < 0.001) and PR interval (155.84 ± 24.27 to 165.85 ± 27.71, F = 74.25, P < 0.001). The differences in type of antipsychotics (typical > atypical) had a greater significant effect on the mean SBP (T - test = 2.27, P = 0.02) and mean P-wave axis (T - test = 2.60, P = 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Antipsychotics increased cardiovascular indices post baseline. The typical antipsychotics significantly increased the SBP and P-wave axis of ECG compared to the atypical antipsychotics. Atypical antipsychotics and regular cardiovascular indices monitoring is advocated.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"28 3","pages":"280-286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144032718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}