Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice最新文献

{"title":"Immunohistochemistry Expression of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 in Colorectal Carcinoma among Nigerians.","authors":"K B Badmos, L A Odukoya, G F Khramtsova, L A Adebayo, O I Olopade, F B Abdulkareem","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_18_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_18_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the most common gastrointestinal malignancy in Nigeria with a dismal 5-year survival rate. Interactions between the CD8+ T-lymphocytes and the immune checkpoints such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expressions are important. Novel antibodies have been developed against these immune checkpoints and have been found to improve clinical outcome in many solid organ malignancies.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We aimed to determine immunohistochemical expression of PD-L1 in resected CRC cases assembled on tissue microarray blocks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Representative blocks and clinical information of resected CRC cases between 2010 and 2019 were retrieved from the archives of our department. Tissue microarray (6 × 4) blocks were constructed with 2 mm core needles. Immunohistochemistry using anti-PD-L1 rabbit monoclonal antibody (clone EPR19759 #213524, 1:200 Abcam, MA, USA) was carried out according to manufacturer's instruction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 170 cases, of which 144 cases had sufficient tissue for analysis. The peak incidence was observed in the 50-59 age group. Approximately 80.1% of the cases were in T3 and T4 stages. Only 8 (5.6%) out of 144 cases were positive for PD-L1. All the PD-L1 positive cases were either right-sided CRC (6/68) or rectal cancer (2/3). Of the seven positive cases with available histological grading, four were poorly differentiated/mucinous variants and three cases were moderately differentiated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PD-L1 expression in CRC was low (5.6%) and showed strong associations with higher tumor grades (P < 0.013), right-sided tumors (P < 0.002), and rectal cancer. There was no association with age, tumor stage, and lymph node status.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"27 11","pages":"1239-1244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent Dermatofibrosarcoma Protruberans: For all Surgeons or the Right Surgeons - Challenges and Management Approach.","authors":"C M Isiguzo, C Opara, C Onyeokpere, A Uzoho, I O Ifeakandu, N Ilokanuno","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_264_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_264_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberan is a locally aggressive tumor that can be challenging to manage if it becomes recurrent. The best attempt at achieving cure is the first surgery. The outcome of the first surgery is dependent on who the initial surgeon is - right surgeon or not. Multidisciplinary care offers good outcomes when reconstructive needs are catered for. In our resource-poor setting, it will be beneficial to have an adequate (more than 5 cm margin) excision margin followed by reconstruction of defects by surgeons with adequate training in management of the pathology and tissue reconstruction.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"27 11","pages":"1340-1343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the Accuracy and Precision of Digital Scans for Implant-Supported Maxillary Hybrid Prosthesis: An in vitro Study.","authors":"E Guzelce Sultanoğlu, B Keleş","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_112_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_112_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Numerous intraoral scanners (IOS) devices are currently used for intraoral impressions in prosthodontics. It is crucial to assess the accuracy and precision of these devices for clinical use.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This in vitro study aimed to assess and compare the accuracy and precision of six IOS in the all-on-4 treatment concept. Trueness evaluation involved aligning the data from six dental scanners with the reference model. Precision analysis encompassed aligning the data from all six scanners within their respective groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An edentulous maxillary model was utilized, with four implants placed at 12, 15, 22, and 25 teeth positions, simulating the all-on-4 approach using resin acrylic. Following the placement of scanbodies, each of the six IOSs (Primescan, Trios 3, Trios 4, Trios 5, Virtuo Vivo, and Medit i 700) performed eight scans of the model. An industrial scanner was employed for the control group. Data alignment and comparison were executed using the CloudCompare software (v2.11.3, General Public License of Telecom ParisTech, Paris, France). Statistical scrutiny encompassed the Shapiro-Wilk, Levene's, and Games-Howell tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the scanners, Primescan exhibited the highest trueness (35.75 ± 26.08 μm), whereas the Medit i700 demonstrated superior precision (0.163 μm).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IOS can be used to make dental impressions within the all-on-4 concept. More comprehensive and clinical studies are needed on this subject.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"27 11","pages":"1245-1251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Oral-Related Quality of Life and Sexual Function in Dentally Compromised Women: A Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"H Turgut, S Turgut, S Özcan, S Atkın, E Hasırcı, F İleri, M Sarıer","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_361_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_361_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oral health and edentulism significantly impact quality of life (QoL). However, the relationship between oral health-related quality of life (OHQoL) and sexual function remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess OHQoL and the prevalence of sexual dysfunction (SD) in women before and after oral rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study involved 102 women (aged 40-70 years) scheduled for prosthodontic treatment with incomplete natural dentition. Assessments were conducted using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaires at three timepoints: T0 (before treatment), T1 (1 month after), and T2 (3 months after prosthodontic treatment). Statistical analyses included Kruskal-Wallis, Friedman tests, and Spearman's rank correlation test (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences were observed in total FSFI scores at T0 (18.1 ± 3.2), T1 (19.2 ± 3.4), and T2 (21.6 ± 3.7) (P < 0.001). The prevalence of SD was 89.6% at T0, 84.2% at T1, and 79.3% at T2. Scores in all FSFI domains improved significantly post-treatment (P < 0.001). Mean OHIP scores were 30.6 ± 2.7 at T0, 17.7 ± 4.1 at T1, and 10.2 ± 2.8 at T2 (P < 0.001). Scores in all OHIP-14 domains decreased significantly after dental treatment, reflecting improved OHQoL. Significant correlations were found between total OHIP-14 and FSFI scores at T0 (r = -0.31, P = 0.01), T1 (r = -0.51, P = 0.021), and T2 (r = -0.80, P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>OHQoL is associated with sexual function in women. Following dental treatment and oral rehabilitation, FSFI scores increased, and the prevalence of SD decreased.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"27 11","pages":"1287-1292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Basal Ganglia in Paediatric Patients With Primary Nephrotic Syndrome by Brain Magnetic Resonance Histogram Analysis.","authors":"M Demir, S Onar","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_461_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_461_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary nephrotic syndrome is an important cause of chronic renal failure in childhood. Important neuronal complications may develop during the disease.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to demonstrate basal ganglia involvement in children with nephrotic syndrome by texture analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Brain MRI images of 22 paediatric patients with primary nephrotic syndrome and 40 healthy children of similar age groups were analysed. Brain MRI T2-weighted images were extracted from the thalamus, lentiform nucleus and nucleus caudatus and texture analysis was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The images of 22 children with primary nephrotic syndrome and 40 children in the control group were evaluated. There were no notable distinctions identified in terms of age and gender between the patient and control groups (P value 0,410; 0,516, respectively). Accordingly, a significant difference was found between mean, 1.P, 10.P, 50.P, 90.P, 99.P values of histogram parameters obtained from thalamus (P values were 0.001; 0.000; 0.001; 0.002; 0.004; 0.009, respectively). A significant difference was found between mean, 1.P, 10.P, 50.P, 90.P, 99.P values of histogram parameters obtained from lentiform nuclei (P values were 0.031; 0.019; 0.006; 0.006; 0.003; 0.003; 0.001; 0.002, respectively). A significant difference was found between the mean, 1.P, 10.P, 50.P, 90.P, 99.P values of the histogram parameters obtained from the nucleus caudatus (P values 0,002; 0,005; 0,002; 0,002; 0,002; 0,003; 0,003, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Texture analysis may be helpful in demonstrating brain parenchymal involvement in paediatric patients with primary nephrotic syndrome by showing changes that are not recognised on conventional images.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"27 11","pages":"1307-1311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Effectiveness of Dental Public Health Education in Enhancing Student Competency for Refugee Care.","authors":"E Meral, C Ozsin-Ozler, C Atalay, M Uzamis-Tekcicek, E Ergin","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_506_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_506_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As global migration rises, dental professionals must be prepared to treat refugee communities' particular oral health needs, emphasizing the need of education and training in readiness to treat these underserved groups.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Dental Public Health (DPH) Field Study course on fifth-year dental students' willingness to provide care for refugee patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this descriptive study, fifth-year students at Hacettepe University's Faculty of Dentistry were invited to participate in this study. Students were categorized into two groups based on whether they had completed the DPH field study course. Participants completed a questionnaire assessing their self-reported knowledge, experience, and attitudes toward refugee patients. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Students who completed the DPH field study course reported gaining most of their knowledge about refugees from the course, whereas those who did not complete the course primarily obtained their information through social media. Furthermore, attitudes toward caring for refugee patients were significantly more positive among students who had completed the course (P<0.05). However, the willingness to volunteer for programs providing oral health care to refugee patients was higher among students who had not completed the course. Additionally, a higher rate of volunteering was significantly associated with students who were satisfied with their profession (P<0.05) and tended to be higher among female students (P>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The DPH field study course positively influenced students' knowledge, experience, and willingness to provide care for refugee patients. Moreover, volunteering to participate in oral health care programs was positively correlated with a professional satisfaction and female gender. Further research involving a larger and more diverse group of students from different faculties is recommended to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"27 11","pages":"1312-1321"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of Primary Preventive Care of Cardiovascular Disease in a Retroviral Clinic in an adult retroviral clinic in Ibadan: A retrospective study.","authors":"M A Kuti, K M Kuti, O A Awolude, O A Ogundeji, D M Moradeyo, M J Feinstein, B O Taiwo","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_16_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_16_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A consequence of improved survival of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLHIV) is an aging population with an increased risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVDs). International guidelines recommend primary preventive strategies which should be integrated into routine care of PLHIV.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study audited the ASCVD preventive practices offered to PLHIV at the adult antiretroviral clinic in Ibadan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective review of clinical records of all persons who were recruited into the antiretroviral therapy clinic between January 1 and December 31, 2018. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) preventive practices were audited against recommendations of the American Heart Association for PLHIV.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The records of 568 persons with a mean (standard deviation) age of 39.95 (11.77) years were reviewed. There were 365 (64.26%) females and 203 (35.74%) males. Only 364 (64.08%) patients had the required parameters for the calculation of the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) by the Friedewald formula. Ten-year ASCVD risk was not calculated for any of the patients during their clinic visits. Thirty-seven (6.51%) patients had either an LDL-C ≥4.91 mmol/L or an age between 40 and 75 years with diabetes mellitus or ASCVD risk score (when calculated) ≥ 7.5%. Only one of these persons was referred for specialist care of lifestyle modification. Fifty (8.80%) persons had an eGFR <60 mLs/min, but only 11 (1.94%) were referred for nephrology care.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The integration of primary preventive cardiovascular practices into routine care for PLHIV is suboptimal. A revision of the recommendations of the Nigerian National Guidelines for HIV may be a useful first step addressing this.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"27 9","pages":"1082-1088"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142351070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Hospital Medical Emergency Team Operations in a Tertiary Care Center in Turkey.","authors":"A Yılmaz, H Sevil, S Can, E Ararat, E Güvenç, S Diker","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_150_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_150_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rapid Response Teams, strategically devised to mitigate mortality and morbidity stemming from unforeseen deteriorations and cardiac arrests within healthcare facilities, are ubiquitously implemented on a global scale.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of the study is to compare emergency physicians (EPs) and non-EPs on management protocols of Hospital Medical Emergency Teams (HoMET).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective cross-sectional study. The hospital archive underwent a retrospective scanning process, and patient records were meticulously examined. The assessment encompassed various facets, including demographic characteristics, activation locations, and response and intervention times of HoMET teams, composed of both EPs and other healthcare professionals. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software version 20.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1056 calls were included, with 52% (n = 549) involving male patients. The average age was 67.15 ± 19.45 years. EPs served as the team leader in 53% of the calls. Cardiac arrest was considered in 93.6% of the cases. The EPs group exhibited a higher average patient age, longer intervention times, and shorter arrival times (P < 0.001, P = 0.027, P < 0.001, respectively). A significant difference was observed in the locations of the calls and the groups of calls considering cardiac arrest (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The optimization of intervention teams is imperative given the persistently high incidence and mortality rates associated with in-hospital cardiac arrests. Leveraging the expertise of EPs in the management of arrests and critical patients can potentially enhance the effectiveness of these teams. Nonetheless, further research is warranted to comprehensively explore and validate this aspect.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"27 9","pages":"1095-1101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142351052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Point Prevalence Survey of Antimicrobial Prescription and Consumption in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital: A Gateway to the Antimicrobial Stewardship Program.","authors":"","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_654_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_654_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"27 9","pages":"1120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142351068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability and Validity Assessment of the Turkish Version of the Emotional Availability and Responsiveness in Intrapartum Care Scale (EAR-IC).","authors":"Y Yildirim Varişoğlu, P Irmak Vural","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_831_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_831_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emotional availability and responsiveness in intrapartum care increase women's birth satisfaction, comfort, and quality of nursing/midwifery care. In Turkey, there is no instrument for measuring emotional availability and responsiveness in intrapartum care.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>An established translation, reliability, and validation approach was used to obtain the Turkish form of the A-EAR-IC scale.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive cross-sectional study was used. This study was conducted in Istanbul, Turkey. The study sample consisted of 132 Turkish midwives working in the birth room. The construct validity of the scale was tested using confirmatory factor analysis, whereas the concurrent scale validity was tested using the Emotional Labor Behavior Scale. Internal consistency analysis was performed to test the reliability of the scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the EAR-IC measure showed that it fit the one-factor model. The goodness-of-fit indices of the one-factor model containing eight items were acceptable. The instrument showed satisfactory content validity (I-CVI =0.80-1.00, S-CVI =0.88). According to CFA, the structure with one factor showed acceptable model fit (χ2/df: 1.74, CFI: 0.96, IFI: 0.96, RMSEA: 0.07, and SRMR: 0.02). Concurrent validity of the instrument was assessed with the \"in-depth behavior\" subscale of the Emotional Labor Behavior Scale for Nursing. Spearman's correlations revealed that the EAR-IC was moderately positively correlated with the in-depth behavior concern subscale of the ELBS (rho =0.62, P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Turkish version of the EAR-IC is a suitable, effective, and reliable instrument for measuring the emotional aspects of intrapartum caregiving midwives.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"27 9","pages":"1057-1064"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142351072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}