Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of Oral and Intravenous Nitroglycerin in the Treatment of Acute Postpartum Hypertension After Cesarean Delivery for Preeclampsia.","authors":"M Incebiyik, H Fedai, O Tammo, Y Z Kizildemir, I H Adak, R K Duken, M E Sak","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_808_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_808_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute postpartum hypertension is common among women with preeclampsia, particularly after cesarean delivery, and is traditionally managed with intravenous (IV) antihypertensive agents. However, evidence directly comparing IV nitroglycerin-based regimens with oral-only strategies is limited.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare the efficacy of oral-only antihypertensive therapy versus IV nitroglycerin-based regimens in achieving 24-hour blood pressure control among women with preeclampsia after cesarean delivery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this two-center retrospective cohort study, we included women with preeclampsia who developed acute hypertension within 24 hours after cesarean delivery. Patients were categorized into three groups: oral-only therapy, IV nitroglycerin plus oral therapy, and IV nitroglycerin-only regimens. The primary outcome was 24-hour blood pressure control (systolic <160 mmHg and diastolic <110 mmHg). Secondary outcomes included 30-day healthcare utilization and in-hospital complications. Multivariable regression models adjusted for baseline characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All strategies achieved substantial blood pressure reduction. Rates of 24-hour control were high and comparable across groups ( P = 0.941), with no significant advantage of IV nitroglycerin over oral-only therapy after adjustment. Short-term clinical outcomes, including 30-day emergency visits ( P = 0.930) and in-hospital complications ( P = 0.810), were similar across groups. In subgroup analyses, IV nitroglycerin and oral nifedipine yielded similar hemodynamic responses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Oral-only therapy provides 24-hour blood pressure control and short-term outcomes comparable with resource-intensive IV nitroglycerin regimens. In stable postpartum patients, oral therapy can be used as first-line management.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"29 8","pages":"903-911"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148865854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Color Stability and Surface Properties of Different CAD/CAM Materials: An In vitro Study.","authors":"A Topaloglu, H C Kucukesmen","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_262_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_262_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The widespread use of CAD/CAM technologies in dentistry has enabled the application of various restorative materials with differing mechanical and aesthetic characteristics. While lithium disilicate ceramics are known for their strength and translucency, resin-matrix ceramics are preferred for their ease of processing and intraoral repairability. However, their long-term color stability and surface behavior under staining conditions remain insufficiently understood.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of different staining solutions on the color stability, surface roughness, microhardness, and contact angle of selected CAD/CAM restorative materials.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An in vitro study was conducted using three resin-matrix ceramics and one fully crystallized lithium disilicate ceramic. Specimens were immersed in three different staining solutions (distilled water, coffee, and red wine). Measurements of color change (ΔE00), surface roughness (Ra), microhardness, and contact angle were performed at baseline and after 30 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All materials showed varying levels of discoloration, with the highest ΔE00 value observed in the Shofu Block HC group stored in red wine (ΔE00 = 5.48 ± 0.43). Lithium disilicate ceramic exhibited the least discoloration among all tested materials. In coffee and red wine, all materials, including lithium disilicate, exceeded the clinically acceptable threshold (ΔE00 = 1.8) after 30 days, although lithium disilicate consistently exhibited lower discoloration compared to resin-matrix ceramics. Surface roughness increased in all groups but remained within clinically acceptable limits. Contact angle values varied according to material type, reflecting differences in surface wettability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Resin-matrix ceramics demonstrated greater susceptibility to discoloration and surface changes than lithium disilicate ceramic. Although lithium disilicate exhibited the lowest discoloration among the tested materials, its ΔE00 values also exceeded the clinical acceptability threshold (ΔE00 = 1.8) after 30 days of immersion in coffee and red wine. These findings indicate that material composition and environmental exposure conditions play a critical role in determining the long-term aesthetic and surface performance of CAD/CAM restorations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"29 8","pages":"880-889"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors and Clinical Course of Patients with Recurrent Corneal Erosion: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.","authors":"M Showail, A Alasmari","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_550_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_550_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Recurrent corneal erosion (RCE) syndrome is characterized by recurrent corneal epithelium detachment, and patients with RCE usually experience sudden onset unilateral ocular pain upon awakening from sleep. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of risk factors and clinical course of RCE syndrome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective chart review was performed at King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, focusing on RCE patients. The study included 28 individuals who met the inclusion criteria, ensuring a comprehensive examination of RCE cases. Data collection was meticulous using the Phoenix system and Microsoft Excel data sheets, and the obtained data were analyzed using SPSS version 27.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-eight patients with RCE were included in the study. The causes of RCE varied and included trauma, map dot fingerprint dystrophy (MDF), fingernail-related issues, and other unknown factors. The number of RCE recurrences ranged from 1 to 4 times, and the duration of recurrence ranged from 1 to 48 months. Treatment modalities included superficial keratectomy, photorefractive keratectomy, phototherapeutic keratectomy, antibiotic eye drops and ointments, and hyaluronic acid eye drop substitutes. There was no significant difference ( P > 0.05) in patients' clinical profiles between trauma-related and MDF-related cases. Furthermore, no significant ( P > 0.05) correlation was observed between RCE recurrence duration and other factors, including gender, position of RCE, past ocular history, past medical history, initiating causative factors, and treatment approaches.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Trauma, including fingernail injuries and MDF, was the most important and prevalent causative/risk factor. However, a nonsignificant correlation was observed between recurrence duration and risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"29 8","pages":"931-936"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meningococcal Vaccine Among Domestic Hajj Pilgrims: A Large-Scale Assessment of Coverage, Facilitators, and Barriers.","authors":"Al-Mamoon M Badahdah","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_110_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_110_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) remains a critical threat during Hajj. Following a 2024 resurgence of travel-related IMD cases, assessing domestic adherence to mandatory quadrivalent (MenACWY) meningococcal vaccination has become a public health priority. While international compliance is high, data on domestic pilgrims who constitute 25-40% of the population remain limited.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess Meningococcal vaccine coverage and identify the sociodemographic determinants, motivators, and barriers among domestic pilgrims.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from a large-scale cross-sectional assessment of 4,678 domestic pilgrims (aged ≥16 years) conducted in Mina during the 2019 Hajj. As the final full-scale pilgrimage prior to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, this cohort provides the definitive baseline for understanding domestic vaccination realities. Using multi-stage cluster sampling, participants were surveyed on several domains; this study specifically analyzed MenACWY uptake (within the required validity period), sociodemographics, and motivators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall uptake was 87.3%, but policy-compliant adherence was 86.2%. Multivariate analysis showed nonadherence was significantly associated with residency in Makkah Province (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.51, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.35-0.75, P < 0.001) and prior Hajj experience (aOR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.33-0.70, P = <0.001). Conversely, female sex (aOR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.01-3.42, P = 0.045), healthcare employment (aOR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.20-3.75, P = 0.009), and the receipt of pre-Hajj health advice (aOR = 2.60, 95% CI: 1.79-3.77, P < 0.001) were linked with increased adherence. While policy mandate was the primary motivator (47.6%), 6.2% reported out-of-pocket costs, with non-citizens 4.14 times more likely to incur expenses ( P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Domestic pilgrims exhibit suboptimal adherence, suggesting that geographic proximity and prior pilgrimage experience foster a familiarity-driven complacency that diminishes perceived risk. These findings from the 2019 baseline are vital for tailoring current strategies. Linking permit issuance to timely vaccination is essential to achieve the coverage required for Hajj health security.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"29 8","pages":"937-944"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Knowledge, Awareness, and Attitudes of Dental Students Regarding Teledentistry in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: A Cross-Sectional Survey.","authors":"A Ozcan-Kucuk, E Karakas, A Celebi, F Atil","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_468_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_468_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Teledentistry is a new field of dentistry that delivers remote dental care services using various technologies. It employs digital imaging and the Internet to improve access for underserved patients in rural or remote areas. To support its integration into future dental practice, it is essential to assess current students' knowledge, awareness, and attitudes toward teledentistry.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was administered online via Google Forms to third-, fourth-, and fifth-year undergraduate students. The questionnaire collected sociodemographic information as well as items assessing knowledge of, awareness of, and attitudes toward teledentistry. Data were analyzed using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Statistics version 22.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 302 dental students (48% female, 52% male; mean age: 22.99 ± 2.09 years). Overall, 29% had heard of teledentistry, while only 2% had used it. Among those aware, prior use was higher than among those unaware (5.8% vs. 0.5%, P = 0.001). Significant differences were observed by academic year. Fourth-year students were more likely than third- and fifth-year students to report that teledentistry could be used for educational purposes (50.5% vs. 35.2% and 36.8%, P = 0.045). They also showed higher agreement regarding its use in interdisciplinary virtual consultations (64.4% vs. 46.4% and 56.6%, P = 0.044), Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ) follow-up (38.6% vs. 8.8% and 32.9%, P = 0.001), and clinical cost reduction (49.5% vs. 40% and 27.6%, P = 0.025).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most dental students were unfamiliar with teledentistry, its advantages and limitations, and practical applications. Given that teledentistry remains a novel technology, its principles and applications should be incorporated into the undergraduate dental curriculum.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"29 8","pages":"871-879"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Pudendal Thigh (Singapore) Flap Vaginoplasty for Acquired Gynatresia: A Retrospective Study from Enugu, Nigeria.","authors":"J U Achebe, O R Okwesili, C O Adiri, E E Asimadu, E C Nnadi, C B Eze, S O Okoro, Ocu Onyia, J E Nnagbo","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_169_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_169_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acquired gynatresia is an exhausting condition that affects sexual and reproductive health. Vaginoplasty using a bilateral pudendal thigh flap provides a good functional outcome.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the demographic data, clinical characteristics, and surgical outcomes of vaginoplasty using pudendal thigh flaps in patients with acquired gynatresia managed in Enugu, Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was a retrospective study of patients with acquired gynatresia who underwent vaginoplasty in Enugu from January 2 nd , 1999, to December 31 st , 2024. Data retrieved included patient demographics, etiology, degree of stenosis, perioperative details, and functional outcome. Descriptive statistics were used in data analysis, and the functional outcome was assessed. The vaginal assessment was based on the ease of penetration and coital pain/discomfort despite the use of lubricant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 19 patients were seen and treated. The mean age was 38.74 ± 4.62. Herbal pessary (17, 89.5%) was the predominant cause of gynatresia. Vaginal assessment scores increased from 0 during preoperative assessment to a mean score of 69.2 ± 7.9, with a range from 55 to 80 in the postoperative stage. Patients were followed up for at least 6 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vaginoplasty using pudendal thigh flaps is a reliable procedure for the effective management of acquired gynatresia, producing a functional outcome, that is, painless coitus and resumption of menstrual flow.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"29 8","pages":"864-870"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender-based Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Young Hypertensives in a Tertiary Hospital in Southwestern Nigeria: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"B O Oguntola, S O Oguntola, O E Ojo, C M Muotoh, Puc Ogwumike, O D Bayo-Ilawole, T P Abe","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_138_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_138_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gender variation exists in the clustering of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. Hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM), lipid abnormalities, obesity, cigarette smoking, and significant alcohol use are risk factors that typically influence one another and predispose to cardiovascular disease (CVD).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study assessed gender-based variation in the prevalence of CV risk factors among young individuals with HTN.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional study involving 157 participants aged between 18 and 45 years with systemic HTN. Participants were recruited consecutively and categorized by gender. Sociodemographic and clinical information were collected using a pro forma. Lipoprotein (a), lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, uric acid, and creatinine were obtained from a fasting venous blood sample. Data were analyzed using STATA 17.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age of the study participants was 30 years (24-37). Females accounted for 48% of the participants. A higher prevalence rate of significant alcohol use (34.2% vs 5.3%, P < 0.001), and cigarette smoking (14.6% vs 1.3%, P < 0.001) was found in males. A higher prevalence of LP (a) (2.2% vs 13.3%, P = 0.036) was found in the females. Moderate and severe obesity were more common among females ( P = 0.036). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of hyperuricemia, DM, dyslipidemia, reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate, and blood pressure control rate between the male and female participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study demonstrated some gender-based differences in the prevalence of some CV risk factors among young hypertensives. These findings are valuable for developing gender-specific strategies to reduce CV risk in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"29 8","pages":"897-902"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripheral Ulcerative Keratitis Secondary to Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Case Report.","authors":"M Showail, A E Rajab","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_792_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_792_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peripheral ulcerative keratitis (PUK) is an acute, destructive peripheral keratitis usually associated with an underlying systemic autoimmune disease. However, its association with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) has been scarcely documented. We report a 35-year-old male with HS who presented with a 1-month history of a whitish spot in the left eye, associated with redness and pain. Visual acuity was 20/20 in the right eye and 20/30 in the left eye, with intraocular pressure of 14 mmHg and 13 mmHg, respectively. Slit-lamp examination revealed a crescent-shaped whitish peripheral corneal lesion at the 5 to 6 o'clock position near the limbus. Laboratory investigations were unremarkable except for elevated C-reactive protein, and the patient denied rheumatologic or autoimmune symptoms. He was treated with topical and systemic steroids, immunosuppressive therapy, biologic agents, and multiple conjunctival recession and resection procedures. PUK is a potentially serious but treatable condition; although the association with HS is rare, it should be considered in patients with HS presenting with ocular involvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"29 8","pages":"945-948"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular and Visual Complications in Diabetic Patients at First Visit to an Ophthalmology Clinic in Hafar Al Batin, Saudi Arabia.","authors":"M A Alhamami, A Almutairi","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_745_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_745_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the retinal and ocular findings and identify factors associated with the timing of the first ophthalmology visit among diabetic patients in Hafar Al Batin, Saudi Arabia, where there is concern that patients are not having prompt ophthalmic evaluation after diabetes mellitus (DM) diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from 357 diabetic patients who had no prior ocular examination after their DM diagnosis at King Khaled General Hospital during the second semester of 2021-2022. Data on demographics, clinical characteristics, and the duration between DM diagnosis and the first ophthalmology visit were collected from medical records and analyzed using multiple regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant delay was found between initial DM diagnosis and the first ophthalmology visit. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and macular edema was approximately 42% and 30%, respectively. Longer delays were significantly associated with older age ( P < 0.001), elevated HbA1C levels ( P = 0.022), coexisting hypertension ( P = 0.012), Type I DM ( P < 0.001), and lower education level ( P < 0.001). Patients ultimately diagnosed with DR had a significantly longer delay compared to those within normal limits ( P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A substantial delay exists between diabetes diagnosis and initial eye examination among patients in Hafar Al Batin, leading to a high prevalence of preventable, vision-threatening complications. These findings underscore the urgent need for proactive public health strategies focused on improving patient education and implementing timely screening protocols to mitigate the risk of vision loss from diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"29 8","pages":"916-922"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter as a Marker of Elevated Intracranial Pressure in Preeclampsia Compared to Controls.","authors":"S Şimşek, I Başkır, T Sağlam, A Oğuz, B Çabuk","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_572_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_572_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preeclampsia may be complicated by cerebral edema and elevated intracranial pressure (ICP), yet magnetic resonance imaging is not always feasible for urgent or serial assessment. Ultrasonographic optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measurement is a bedside surrogate that may reflect ICP-related changes.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare ONSD values among nonpregnant healthy women, normotensive pregnant women, and women with preeclampsia (with and without severe features), and to evaluate the discriminative performance of ONSD for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-center retrospective cohort study (January 2021-January 2025) included 79 participants: nonpregnant healthy women ( n = 19), normotensive pregnant women ( n = 20), preeclampsia ( n = 20), and severe preeclampsia ( n = 20). Preeclampsia diagnosis/severity followed the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists criteria. ONSD was measured by ocular ultrasonography (Voluson S8) 3 mm posterior to the globe in both eyes; the mean of both eyes was analyzed. Measurements were performed contemporaneously by four radiologists and recorded by consensus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Groups were comparable regarding age, gravidity, parity, and gestational week at measurement (mean gestational age 34.20 ± 0.70 weeks; P > 0.05). Mean ONSD increased stepwise across groups: 4.11 ± 0.21 mm (nonpregnant controls), 4.62 ± 0.19 mm (pregnant controls), 5.71 ± 0.18 mm (preeclampsia), and 5.99 ± 0.20 mm (severe preeclampsia) ( P < 0.001). An ONSD cutoff of 5.15 mm distinguished preeclampsia/severe preeclampsia from the control groups with excellent diagnostic performance (AUC = 1.000; P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ONSD is higher in preeclampsia, especially in severe cases. Ocular ultrasound may help with quick screening and follow-up, but confirmation in larger studies using imaging or invasive ICP standards is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"29 8","pages":"890-896"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}