Survival Analysis and Death-Related Factor in Stage 4 Ovarian Cancer from the National Cancer Hospital in Indonesia.

Abstract

Background: The incidence and the mortality rate of ovarian cancer (OC) in Indonesia are higher than in the world, approximately 9.8% and 4.0%. As a cancer referral hospital, understanding the survival patterns and death-related factors is crucial for improving management. However, data on the survival is still lacking.

Aim: To determine and analyze survival and death-related factors in stage IV OC patients.

Materials and methods: The data for this study were obtained from the cancer registry of Dharmais National Cancer Hospital from 2018 to 2022. This study included patients with suspected stage IV OC, diagnosed through histopathology and radiology. A retrospective cohort follow-up was conducted until June 2024. Bivariate and survival analyses were performed using SPSS version 30.0.

Results: This study involved 100 subjects, and the results indicated that the histopathology sub type (P = 0.020), line of chemotherapy (P = 0.005), residual disease status (P = 0.001), and CA-125 levels (P = 0.009) had the significant impact on mortality. However, multivariate analysis revealed no independent mortality-related factors. Notably, the type of treatment emerged as the only variable that significantly influenced survival (P < 0.001).

Conclusion: The histopathology sub type, line of chemotherapy, residual disease status, and CA-125 levels influenced the mortality in stage IV OC. Stage IV OC showed a significant association between treatment with overall survival (OS). Treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is highly recommended because it shows high survival rate and median OS results.