Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice最新文献

{"title":"Brain Diffusion Changes in Perinatal Asphyxia Cases.","authors":"F Dogan, H Gumus","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_281_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_281_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prolonged perinatal asphyxia (PA) may cause hypoxic-ischemic damage to the brain. The aim of this study was to investigate the brain diffusion changes of patients with PA and examine the relationship with brain damage.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 55 patients diagnosed with PA, separated into mild and severe PA groups. For the evaluation of brain damage in all the study neonates, brain and diffusion MRI scans were performed using a 3T device. The scans were taken between 5 and 10 days postnatal, after completion of hypothermia treatment, in accordance with the standard clinical protocol of our institution. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the lentiform nucleus, thalamus, frontal white matter, and posterior limbs of the internal capsule were measured. Minitab package programs and SPSS version 20.0 software were used for statistical analysis and graphic drawing. Spearman's rank correlation analysis was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The bilateral lentiform nucleus, thalamus, frontal white matter, and posterior limbs of the internal capsule ADC values were significantly higher in the severe PA group than in the mild PA group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In neonates with severe perinatal asphyxia, brain damage can be evaluated on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) of the cerebral deep white matter and basal ganglia. DWI, imaging with conventional brain MRI comes to the fore in clinical importance in PA patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"27 8","pages":"1027-1032"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142110116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sinonasal Anatomic Variations in the Adult Population: CT Examination of 1200 Patients.","authors":"S Ağcayazı, I Salcan, A A Erşahan, E Seçkin","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_275_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_275_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are one of the most frequently anatomically varied regions. Their size and shape vary from person to person, and ethnic origin may have a role in this variety. Recognizing this variations is so important for ear nose throat (ENT) specialists because they predispose to sinonasal pathologies and affect the complication rate and success of endoscopic sinus surgery.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to determine the frequency of sinonasal anatomic variations on paranasal sinus computed tomography (CT) in the Turkish population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who had undergone paranasal sinus CT with any complaints between 2013 and 2020 and aged over 18 years were included in the study. A total of 1209 patients who had undergone paranasal sinus CT were examined for coronal, axial, and sagittal plans retrospectively by two ENT professionals, and anatomical variations were evaluated. To assign the frequency of anatomic variations in a healthy population, patients who had previously undergone paranasal sinus and nasal surgery, who had nasal polyposis, and for whom CT evaluation was not possible due to intense sinusitis were excluded from the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 1209 patients, 644 were male and 565 were female. The mean age of the patients was 33.7 years. The most common sinonasal anatomical variations were nasal septal deviation and agger nasi cells, while the least common variation is the supreme turbinate. No variation was found in 48 (3.9%) CTs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Almost all patients had at least one sinonasal anatomical variation. These variations should be known by the professionals who have interest in sinonasal disease and surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"27 8","pages":"990-994"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142110073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Bipolar and Monopolar Transurethral Prostate Resection in Geriatric Patients.","authors":"E Kervancioglu, E Hasirci, F Salgur, Z Cicek, H Doruk","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_869_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_869_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Benign prostatic hyperplasia unresponsive to medical treatment is an important problem for elderly patients. Although the gold standard surgical treatment is monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate (MTURP), postoperative complications are still a concern.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine which transurethral prostate resection (TURP) methods are more effective and safer in elderly patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who underwent TURP in our clinic between 2012 and 2021 were analyzed retrospectively and divided into three groups according to their ages. Patients were treated with MTURP (n = 169) and bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate (BTURP) (n = 1152). Pre- and post-operative data for age groups were compared according to TURP methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The resection speed in the BTURP method was statistically significantly faster in groups 2 and 3 (P < 0.05). Although not statistically significant (P > 0.05), there was a numerically smaller decrease in hemoglobin (Hb) value in group 2 and a numerically greater decrease in post-voiding residual (PVR) volume in groups 1 and 3 in the BTURP method. The increase in maximum urine flow (Qmax) was significantly higher only in group 2 (P = 0.032), but it was numerically higher in all groups in the BTURP method.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study showed that BTURP was at least as effective and safe as MTURP in geriatric patients and also better in terms of Hb decrease, resection speed, Qmax increase, and PVR volume decrease.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"27 8","pages":"1020-1026"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142110121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Verapamil on Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetic Hypertensive Patients in Saudi Arabia: A Quasi Experimental Study.","authors":"E Alharbi, N Abanmy, A Mullen, S ElAbd, Z Makhzoum, S Alzahrani","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_805_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_805_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Type 2 diabetes is a common chronic disease that continues to increase in prevalence globally and is a major healthcare burden. Diabetes and hypertension frequently occur concurrently, and the use of antihypertensive agents is common in diabetic patients. One antihypertensive agent, verapamil, has tentatively shown potentially positive effects on glycemic control in assorted pre-clinical models.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the effect of verapamil on glycemic control in hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Type 2 diabetic hypertensive patients were recruited from King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, KSA, to receive oral verapamil therapy. Blood pressure and glycometabolic parameters, including fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), C-peptide, and homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), were monitored at baseline and after 6 months of verapamil therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-five patients (16 male, 19 female) with a mean age of 57.2 years were recruited. The use of verapamil was associated with non-significant decreases in HbA1c, FPG, C-peptide, and HOMA-IR. However, a sub-group of 17 participants showed a decrease in HbA1c that was ≥0.5%. Univariate logistic regression showed that baseline BMI, HOMA-IR, and C-peptide were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with HbA1c reductions of ≥0.5%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Verapamil is metabolically neutral and allows the stabilization of glycometabolic parameters in type 2 diabetic individuals. Additional research exploring the mechanism behind the variable response to verapamil therapy is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"27 8","pages":"965-971"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142110119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Children's Drawings as a Measure of Dental Anxiety Before and After Oral Health Education.","authors":"G Bulut, G Kilinç, S E Güney, E K Açikbaş","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_241_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_241_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Drawing is an effective tool for evaluating dental anxiety and communicating with children.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate children's drawings as a measure of dental anxiety with two different assessment methods and their possible relationship with age, gender, and previous dental visits before and after education.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 129 children aged 4-6 years old were requested to draw a picture of the dentist and dental office perception before and after a 20-minute dental education at selected Kindergartens. Drawings were evaluated according to Child Drawing: Hospital (CD: H) and Massoni methodologies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The difference in drawing groups between before and after oral health education was found to be statistically significant which meant children had less anxiety after education (P = 0.001). A statistical difference was observed in the scores before and after the education in the group of children who had previous dental visits and those who did not (P = 0.001). Statistically significant differences were observed in both groups of children who had previous dental visits and those who did not (P = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Oral health education at younger ages is effective in overcoming dental anxiety and improving the positivity of dental perception. Drawing is a suitable assessment tool for learning about the child's notions and feelings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"27 8","pages":"983-989"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142110120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral Health Literacy Status, Knowledge Levels, Beliefs, and Behaviors of Pregnant Women.","authors":"A İ Çabuk, D S Çabuk, Kbt Üstdal, M Sucu, E Akpinar","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_173_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_173_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Pregnancy may exacerbate the frequency and severity of some dental problems. However, most pregnant women avoid going to the dentist.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To examine the oral hygiene and dental care behaviors of women during pregnancy, to measure their knowledge levels, to reveal their oral and dental health literacy status, and their beliefs about treatment.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>The study was conducted for a period of 1 month with pregnant women over the age of 18 who presented to the obstetrics outpatient clinic and agreed to participate in the study and who had no known anomalies or complications.</p><p><strong>Methods and material: </strong>A survey was completed by face-to-face interviews with 317 pregnant women of different ages and gestational weeks. Participants were asked questions regarding their sociodemographic characteristics, pregnancy characteristics, oral hygiene-related beliefs, behaviors, and knowledge levels.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>The data obtained in the study were analyzed with SPSS 21.0 program. Since the kurtosis and skewness values were between +3 and -3, parametric tests were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 317 pregnant women between the ages of 18 and 43 participated in the study. The most common beliefs are listed as; babies receive the necessary calcium from the teeth, antibiotics given during dental treatment harm the baby, and panoramic radiography taken during treatment harms the baby. 91.5% of the participants did not visit the dentist after planning a pregnancy, and 89% of them did not visit the dentist during pregnancy. The most common reason not to visit the dentist is not having a dental problem. The rate of knowing that dental infections during pregnancy will affect the baby is 50.5%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the present study, it is seen that pregnant women do not have adequate oral hygiene. The reasons were listed as various false beliefs and lack of sufficient knowledge. Health professionals should provide information about oral hygiene to pregnant women and direct them to the dentist.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"27 8","pages":"977-982"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142110125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_451_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_451_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"27 7","pages":"931"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141856072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective Evaluation of the Effects of Local Anesthesia Before Tooth Extraction Procedures under General Anesthesia on Physiologic Parameters and Postoperative Bleeding in Children.","authors":"Y Turan, G B Senirkentli, N Cekmen, E Tirali, E Çakmak","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_708_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_708_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Studies have been conducted to evaluate changes in hemodynamics, postoperative bleeding, and pain in pediatric dental patients receiving general anesthesia (GA). However, a limited number of studies have evaluated the effects of local anesthetics (LA) on tooth extraction procedures during GA. There is no consensus in the literature regarding LA application in the perioperative period for dental treatments performed within the scope of GA.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to determine the retrospective physiologic effects of fluctuations in vital signs and postoperative bleeding in children who did or did not receive LA for tooth extraction under GA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective evaluation of 77 patients aged 5.16 ± 1.85 years who had the extraction of primary posterior teeth with or without LA under GA were reviewed in the post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU) for postoperative bleeding and the effects of intraoperative LA on fluctuations in postoperative parameters such as mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), respiratory rate (RR), and the end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2). These were compiled from the patient records of the procedures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences between the baseline and peak MAP (P < 0.001), HR (P = 0.011), and EtCO2 (P = 0.002) were noted in children without LA compared to those who had LA. In addition, substantial variations were observed between the baseline and peak values for MAP (P < 0.001) and HR (P = 0.037) in children who had tooth extraction in the mandibular region. Statistically significant differences were noted between the baseline and peak values for patients who did not receive LA before the extraction of the first primary molar in terms of MAP (P < 0.02) and EtCO2 (P = 0.032). Similarly, significant differences in MAP (P < 0.02) and EtCO2 (P = 0.034) were noted in the extraction of the second primary molar. In addition, there was a significant difference in bleeding based on the number of tooth extractions in those who did not receive LA (P = 0.020).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed that in children who underwent tooth extraction under GA, additional LA application minimized changes in HR, MAP, and EtCO2, whereas a lack of LA application produced significant fluctuations from baseline to peak values of HR, MAP, and EtCO2. In addition, LA application reduced postoperative bleeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"27 6","pages":"723-731"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141469788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating Body Image and Self-Esteem in Kidney Transplant Patients: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"N Akıncı, Y Varışoğlu","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_138_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_138_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Kidney transplantation is one of the life-saving therapies for patients with end-stage renal disease, which affects a person's psychological, social, and physical well-being. How transplanted patients perceive their illness and their body can affect their physical and psychological recovery.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This qualitative study was designed to evaluate self-esteem and body image in kidney transplant patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study involved 16 female renal transplanted patients. Data were collected using a two-part interview form developed by the investigators in accordance with the literature. We used Lundman's method to transcribe the interviews and coded the data from the interviews. The results of the study were discussed using the themes. The first three interviews were entered into MAXQDA, and then, additional interviews were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six main themes and 15 subthemes were generated based on the thematic analysis of the interviews with participants about body image and self-esteem. Themes included body acceptance, changes in body image, deterioration of social relationships, changes in self-esteem, spousal concerns, and organ perceptions. This study collected detailed data on body image, self-esteem, social relationships, and spouse/partner relationships after kidney transplantation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The change in participants' body image and self-esteem after kidney transplantation caused having negative feelings regarding sexual life, relationships, and social life and feeling unfamiliar with the transplanted organ.</p>","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"27 6","pages":"785-791"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141469784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Case for Re-Classification of Solid and Ameloblastoma from Benign to Borderline Tumor.","authors":"M C Nwoga","doi":"10.4103/njcp.njcp_63_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njcp.njcp_63_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19431,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"27 6","pages":"804-805"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141469789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}