Nutricion hospitalaria最新文献

{"title":"Building Nutrition science ‒ Reflections on research, leadership, and legacy.","authors":"Jordi Salas-Salvadó","doi":"10.20960/nh.07049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.07049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nutrition science has undergone a remarkable transformation over the past four decades, evolving from a relatively underrecognized discipline into a cornerstone of biomedical research and chronic disease prevention. This article reflects on that evolution through the perspective of a career devoted to research, clinical nutrition, education, and scientific leadership. It revisits the challenges of promoting nutrition as an evidence-based discipline, the establishment of the first public degree in Human Nutrition and Dietetics in Catalonia, and the development of an internationally recognized nutrition research community in Reus. The narrative also describes how international collaboration became a driving force for scientific progress, leading to long-standing partnerships with leading research institutions and the implementation of large collaborative projects. Particular attention is given to the PREDIMED and PREDIMED-Plus studies, which contributed to strengthening the evidence supporting the Mediterranean diet as an effective strategy for the prevention of cardiovascular disease and other chronic conditions. More recent initiatives in precision nutrition, healthy ageing, cognitive health, and nut research illustrate how the field continues to evolve through the integration of clinical research, epidemiology, omics technologies, and digital innovation. Beyond scientific achievements, the article emphasizes the importance of mentorship, institutional development, and the creation of research environments where collaboration, integrity, and intellectual curiosity can flourish. Ultimately, it argues that the most enduring contribution of a scientific career is not measured solely by publications or citations, but by the people trained, the institutions strengthened, and the knowledge generated to improve human health and inspire future generations of nutrition scientists.</p>","PeriodicalId":19385,"journal":{"name":"Nutricion hospitalaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weight-to-waist circumference index enhances interpretable machine learning models for screening depressive symptoms in middle-aged and elderly adults comorbid with hypertension and diabetes.","authors":"Dandan Xu, Li Jiang, Qizhi Yang","doi":"10.20960/nh.06815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.06815","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>patients with comorbid hypertension and diabetes are at elevated risk of depressive symptoms, but simple metabolic predictors are insufficient. This study aimed to develop an interpretable machine learning model incorporating clinical data and novel composite indices for early screening of depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>a total of 546 participants ≥45 years with the comorbidities were enrolled from CHARLS (2011-2020). Eight composite indices (TyG, WHtR, WHT.5R, WWI, ABSI, CTI, hsCRP/HDL, log_tg) were included. Restricted cubic splines explored dose-response relationships. Ten machine learning models were compared via AUC, calibration curves, and DCA; SHAP interpreted the optimal model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>the Gradient Boosting model performed best (validation AUC = 0.899, good calibration). SHAP identified frailty score and WWI as top predictors, with ABSI and TyG also contributing significantly. Subgroup analyses confirmed robust generalizability across gender and age in screening for depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>novel composite indices (especially WWI, ABSI, TyG) have substantial clinical value for depression symptom screening in this population. The interpretable model provides a convenient, effective screening tool for clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19385,"journal":{"name":"Nutricion hospitalaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Generative artificial intelligence ChatGPT in Clinical Nutrition: advances and challenges].","authors":"Walther Zamalloa de la Cruz","doi":"10.20960/nh.07015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.07015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19385,"journal":{"name":"Nutricion hospitalaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of a nutritional screening program on hospitalized patient outcomes ‒ A retrospective controlled real-world study (ImCriNut).","authors":"David Benaiges, Carlos Pérez-López, Laia Fontané, Anna Vila, Juan José Chillarón, Maria Antònia Roig Muñoz, Maria Helena Reig, Júlia Cayuela Sarasá, Altea Pérez, Alejandro Rodríguez-Molinero","doi":"10.20960/nh.06754","DOIUrl":"10.20960/nh.06754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>evidence supporting universal malnutrition screening in hospitalized patients remains limited.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>to assess the impact of a nutritional screening program on length of stay (LOS) (primary outcome), clinical and nutritional outcomes, and malnutrition detection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>retrospective controlled study including adults (≥ 18 years) hospitalized for > 2 days for acute conditions in units of Consorci Sanitari de l'Alt Penedès-Garraf (CSAPG). Paired Screening and Control cohorts comprised patients hospitalized between September 2021 and September 2022 (post-implementation) and pre-implementation, respectively. The program included screening using the Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST), dietitian confirmation using Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), nutritional intervention, monitoring, and post-discharge follow-up. LOS, 30-day readmissions, mortality, and nutritional care were compared between cohorts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>we included 313 patient pairs from 369 recruited (mean [SD] age 73.9 [12.3] years). In the Screening cohort, 67 (21.4 %) had positive MST, 27 (8.6 %) were confirmed malnourished, and 41 (13.1 %) developed in-hospital malnutrition, yielding 68 (21.7 %) malnourished patients vs. 25 (8.0 %) in Controls. LOS, readmissions, or mortality lacked significant differences between cohorts. Within the Screening cohort, LOS was longer with positive (≥ 2) vs. negative MST (p = 0.007), in malnutrition at admission (p < 0.05), and highest with developing in-hospital malnutrition (p < 0.001). Dietitian consultations and supplementation were more frequent in the Screening cohort (p < 0.001 for both).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>a comprehensive nutritional screening program improved malnutrition detection and nutritional care but was not associated with differences in clinical outcomes. These findings highlight the organizational impact of universal screening programs and support optimizing detection strategies, including dynamic reassessment during hospitalization and adequate dietitian resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":19385,"journal":{"name":"Nutricion hospitalaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148685353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early oral nutritional supplementation combined with graded functional exercise for postoperative recovery in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy.","authors":"Yuwen Chai, Renxuan Wang, Yaoyao Cai, Xiaoli Zhang, Anlong Yao, Yehua Xie","doi":"10.20960/nh.06844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.06844","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) leads to high malnutrition and complication rates, while early oral nutritional supplementation (ONS) and graded exercise each benefit postoperative recovery.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>to assess the effects of ONS combined with graded functional exercise on postoperative recovery in patients with pancreatic neoplasms undergoing PD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>a total of 87 patients with pancreatic neoplasms admitted between June 2024 and December 2025 were enrolled and randomly assigned to a control group (n = 43) and an intervention group (n = 44). The control group received standard postoperative Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) care, whereas the intervention group received early ONS combined with graded functional exercise initiated within 48 hours postoperatively in addition to standard ERAS care.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>when compared with the control group, the intervention group demonstrated significantly shorter time to oral feeding, time to first flatus, time to first defecation, and time to first ambulation (p < 0.05). Serum prealbumin levels on postoperative day 7 were significantly higher in the intervention group (p < 0.05). By postoperative day 14, the intervention group exhibited significantly higher levels of serum prealbumin, albumin, and hemoglobin, along with improved skeletal muscle mass, handgrip strength, and calf circumference compared with the control group (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>early initiation of ONS combined with graded functional exercise following PD in patients with pancreatic neoplasms was associated with improved postoperative nutritional status, attenuation of skeletal muscle loss, and enhanced recovery of gastrointestinal and physical function, thereby supporting subsequent treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19385,"journal":{"name":"Nutricion hospitalaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148685298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global research landscape on the brain-gut axis in early life: a bibliometric and visualized study.","authors":"Zhengyun Hu, Jinwen Xu, Feng Jiang, Yuxin Liu","doi":"10.20960/nh.06142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.06142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>the brain-gut axis was recognized as a bidirectional communication system linking the central and enteric nervous systems through neural, hormonal, immune, and metabolic pathways. It played a pivotal role in early-life neurodevelopment, immune programming, and gastrointestinal function. Although the field had grown rapidly, a comprehensive bibliometric evaluation of global research trends, hotspots, and collaborations was lacking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>we conducted a bibliometric and visualized analysis of publications on the brain-gut axis in early life from 2004 to 2024, using the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. CiteSpace was used to generate co-authorship, institutional collaboration, keyword co-occurrence, and co-citation networks, as well as burst detection, timeline views, and dual-map overlays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>a total of 1,429 publications were analyzed. Research output increased steadily from 2015 and peaked in 2023, reflecting growing global interest. The United States and China were the most productive countries, with strong collaborative ties observed among institutions in North America, Europe, and East Asia. University College Cork, University of California System, and Harvard University were the leading institutions, while J. F. Cryan, T. G. Dinan, and G. Clarke were the most influential authors. Early studies focused on anatomical and developmental aspects, while recent hotspots included autism spectrum disorder, intestinal permeability, fecal microbiota transplantation, and psychological stress. Mechanistic keywords highlighted short-chain fatty acids, tryptophan metabolism, vagus nerve signaling, and microglia-immune interactions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>this study provided a comprehensive bibliometric overview of early-life brain-gut axis research over the past two decades. It revealed dynamic thematic evolution, expanding interdisciplinary collaboration, and the emergence of translational opportunities. These findings offer a valuable reference for future research directions in pediatric neurogastroenterology and microbiota-based interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19385,"journal":{"name":"Nutricion hospitalaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148685430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study by electrical bioimpedance of bioelectrical parameters in adolescents.","authors":"Taira Batista Luna, José Luis García Bello, Alcibíades Lara Lafargue, Héctor Camué Ciria, Yohandys Alexis Zulueta Leyva","doi":"10.20960/nh.05925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.05925","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>electrical bioimpedance is increasingly utilized for evaluating the nutritional status of both healthy and ill individuals. This technique is simple, practical, cost-effective, and noninvasive. The objective of this study is to demonstrate that specific resistivity, estimated at 50 kHz, and the slope derived from the linear model of normalized bioelectrical parameter evolution in Cuban children and adolescents, can serve as predictive indicators of their health status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>an analytical, descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional, and randomized study was conducted. The research was conducted on a sample of 1,079 children and adolescents of both sexes, aged 12 to 18 years, selected from this database. Measurements were taken using the BioScan® 98 bioimpedance analyzer at a frequency of 50 kHz. For the study, participants were categorized into three groups: healthy individuals, athletes, and patients. Specific resistivity, slope, and phase angle were estimated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>specific resistivity decreases in patients with chronic renal failure, reflecting fluid retention and alterations in electrolyte distribution. Electrical resistance and capacitive reactance decrease in these patients, indicating relative overhydration and impaired cell mass, respectively. However, higher values of this parameter in athletes could indicate a higher proportion of muscle mass.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>specific resistivity, slope, and phase angle are essential parameters that provide a comprehensive assessment of an individual's physiological state: body composition, hydration status, and cellular integrity. Specific resistivity estimated at 50 kHz and the slope of the linear model could serve as complementary reliable predictors of an individual's health status, alongside the robustness of the phase angle.</p>","PeriodicalId":19385,"journal":{"name":"Nutricion hospitalaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148685316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to the world cancer prevention recommendations in Chile ‒ An analysis of the national survey of food consumption.","authors":"Carla Villagrán-Cerro, Solange Parra-Soto, Carlos Celis-Morales","doi":"10.20960/nh.06480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.06480","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>cancer is a global public health problem, with modifiable lifestyle factors contributing to nearly half of cancer-related deaths. The World Cancer Research Fund and the American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) have proposed global recommendations for prevention, yet adherence to these in Chile remains understudied.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>to evaluate the association between adherence to 2018 WCRF/AICR recommendations and sociodemographic characteristics in the Chilean population using data from 2010 National Food Consumption Survey.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>a cross-sectional study was conducted including 3,065 Chilean adults, with age above 18, 66,9 % women. Adherence was measured using the WCRF/AICR score. The score includes domains on physical activity and diet with a scoring system going from 0-7, where the highest score suggested greatest adherence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>the average adherence score was 4.33 ± 0.85, with a minimum of 1.25 to a max of 6.5. Women demonstrated higher adherence, particularly in limiting alcohol and processed food intake, while men had better adherence to limiting fast food. Higher adherence to the recommendations to a healthy weight, a diet rich in wholegrains, limit the consumption of fast food, red and processed meat were also observed among individuals with lower socioeconomic status and residents of the northern and southern zones.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>this is the first nationally representative study to assess adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations in Chile. Adherence varies by sex, residence, and socioeconomic status, underscoring the need for targeted public health interventions. Future research should continue to work on understanding adherence in the general population and at-risk groups, but also on barriers and facilitators of adherence that influence it.</p>","PeriodicalId":19385,"journal":{"name":"Nutricion hospitalaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148685284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Handgrip strength as a predictor of hospital stay and mortality in young adult patients].","authors":"Elizabeth Pérez-Cruz, Luis Fernando Huayllani-Gutiérrez, Karen Ivette Gómez-Alaniz, Alejandro Altamirano-Jiménez, Ada Berenice Vargas-Ortiz","doi":"10.20960/nh.06820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.06820","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>handgrip strength (HFS) has been used to evaluate muscle efficiency, although predominantly in geriatric subjects.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>to determine HFS in hospitalized young adults and to evaluate its predictive validity for length of hospital stay (LS) and mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>prospective cohort study. Nutritional risk was determined, and HFS was measured upon admission and weekly until discharge. Pearson correlation coefficients were determined for the relationship between LS and HFS. Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the independent effect of HFS, and Kaplan-Meier curves were generated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>were analyzed 111 subjects, the majority were male (59,5 %). The risk of moderate and severe malnutrition was 81.1 % and 9.9 %, respectively. Subjects in clinical areas presented a higher risk compared to surgical areas (p = 0.002). Initial handgrip strength (HFS) was measured at 20.41 ± 9.3 kg, with 60.4 % of the population exhibiting probable sarcopenia. Of these, 41.5 % were in clinical areas vs. 18.9 % in surgical areas (p = 0.006). Hospital stay (HS) was 14 days in both groups, and HFS decreased at discharge by Δ - 0.53 (p < 0.05). A correlation coefficient (r) of - 0.109 (p = 0.256) was identified between HFS and HS. The loss of HFS during hospitalization was associated with mortality (p = 0.024).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>the loss of HFS, as determined by the difference between discharge and admission, exhibited a significant association with mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":19385,"journal":{"name":"Nutricion hospitalaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148685271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Positioning of the Dysphagia Worker Group in Laryngectomy ‒ Implementation of the International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative (IDDSI), a strategy for the benefit of people with swallowing disorders. Toward safe and effective nutrition and qual].","authors":"Viridiana Arreola García, Jaime Paniagua Monreal, Rosana Ashbaugh Enguídanos, Araceli Aldea Jiménez, Patricia Bravo José, M ª Isabel Ferrero López, Paula Giménez Barriga, María Del Carmen Mafé Nogueroles, Amalia Martínez de la Gándara, Patricia Murciego, Noelia Palomero Bessé, Beatriz Rivas, Rosa Simó Sanchis, Vanessa Triviño","doi":"10.20960/nh.06890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.06890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dysphagia is a prevalent disorder that compromises the safety and efficiency of swallowing, increasing the risk of complications such as aspiration, malnutrition, and dehydration. Swallowing is a complex process involving both motor and sensory mechanisms, with sensory input playing a crucial role in bolus perception and control. In this context, modifying food texture and liquid viscosity has become a key strategy to promote safe oral intake. In addition, the experience of eating is related to the sensory perception of food, including characteristics such as taste, aroma, texture, and temperature, which influence the acceptance, enjoyment, and effectiveness of the eating process. Historically, the lack of standardized terminology has hindered clinical practice and communication among professionals, the International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative (IDDSI) framework was developed to address this gap, providing an internationally standardized system with defined levels to classify food textures and liquid consistencies. The framework includes simple, practical testing methods suitable for clinical use. Implementation of IDDSI has been associated with improved consistency in dietary adaptations and enhanced interdisciplinary communication, however, its effectiveness relies on adequate professional training, teamwork, and institutional support. IDDSI is a support tool that does not replace screenign, clinical assessment or individualized management of patients with dysphagia.</p>","PeriodicalId":19385,"journal":{"name":"Nutricion hospitalaria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148670200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}