Jesutofunmi Ayo Fajemisin , Dohyun Kim , David J. Schlyer , Cathy S. Cutler
{"title":"FLUKA simulation validation to measure the beam energy of a cyclotron","authors":"Jesutofunmi Ayo Fajemisin , Dohyun Kim , David J. Schlyer , Cathy S. Cutler","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165474","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165474","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>FLUKA is a fully integrated particle physics MonteCarlo simulation package which has many applications in high energy experimental physics and engineering. When using a cyclotron for medical radionuclide production, it is important to know that the beam energy is suitable to cause the intended nuclear reaction and minimize unwanted impurities. This work focuses on the comparison of FLUKA as a tool to measure the beam energy of a cyclotron with experimental results using the method of stacked copper foils interspaced by an aluminum degrader. We compared two methods to determine the activity ratio: determining the activity in each foil using the experimentally measured cross-sections from the National Nuclear Data Center (NNDC) cross-section data and calculating the activity in the two Cu foils using the FLUKA program. These results were compared to those reported by Gagnon et al., 2011. The FLUKA results gave energy measurements that were different than the true energy by a percentage in the range of 2.4% to 13%, suggesting that FLUKA is not recommended for pre-calculating the cyclotron beam energy using these low Z materials without experimental confirmation. It also confirms that the experimental cross-section data from the NNDC database is superior for this application giving energy values that ranged from 0.1% to 1.6% from the true energy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"555 ","pages":"Article 165474"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141623693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Szilágyi , M.K. Pal , E. Kótai , Z. Zolnai , I. Bányász
{"title":"Fluence evolution of defects in α-SiO2 determined by ionoluminescence","authors":"E. Szilágyi , M.K. Pal , E. Kótai , Z. Zolnai , I. Bányász","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Luminescence is a powerful tool to analyse various types of defects in a wide range of materials; it is often applied for silica, which is a broadly used material in photonics, microelectronics, nuclear energy industry, optoelectronics and other important technological applications. In this work, a single crystalline (0001) α-SiO<sub>2</sub> (quartz) sample has been investigated by the ionoluminescence (IL) method. In this case, intense emitted light can be observed when a 2 MeV He<sup>+</sup> beam reaches the quartz sample. Three emission bands were found at 1.45 eV, 1.76 eV and 2.34 eV, the corresponding defects were identified as an unknown origin, non-bridging oxygen hole centres (NBOHC), and self-trapped excitons (STEs), respectively. The evolution of the defect-related IL peaks was determined as a function of He<sup>+</sup> irradiation fluence. To perform accurate data evaluation, the instrumental function of the applied IL set-up (collimator, optical fibers and spectrometer) was determined and taken into account. The importance of methodological issues in the IL measurement (including set-up, sample holder and proper beam settings) was also discussed. The described steps of system calibration and data evaluation are indispensable for IL spectrum analysis leading to a detailed understanding of defect evolution taking place during the ion-beam irradiation process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"555 ","pages":"Article 165470"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141629932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EunKang Kim , Biswajit Jana , Aayush Arya , Michael Block , Sebastian Raeder , Harry Ramanantoanina , Elisabeth Rickert , Elisa Romero Romero , Mustapha Laatiaoui
{"title":"Laser resonance chromatography: First commissioning results and future prospects","authors":"EunKang Kim , Biswajit Jana , Aayush Arya , Michael Block , Sebastian Raeder , Harry Ramanantoanina , Elisabeth Rickert , Elisa Romero Romero , Mustapha Laatiaoui","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We report first results obtained during the commissioning of the Laser Resonance Chromatography (LRC) apparatus, which is conceived to enable atomic structure investigations in the region of the heaviest elements beyond nobelium. In our studies we first established optimum conditions for the operation of the different components of the setup, including the radio-frequency quadrupole ion buncher and the cryogenic drift tube, which was operated with helium buffer gas at relatively low electric fields. We used laser ablated hafnium, lutetium, and ytterbium cations to assess the chromatography performance of the drift tube at a gas temperature of 295 K. Arrival time distributions of singly charged lutetium revealed two distinct ion mobilities of this ion in the ground and metastable state in helium with a relative difference of about 19%. By using <sup>219</sup>Rn ions from a <sup>223</sup>Ra recoil source the overall efficiency of the apparatus is found to be <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>6</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>%. The findings help to establish LRC on lutetium, which is the lighter chemical homolog of lawrencium.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"555 ","pages":"Article 165461"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168583X24002313/pdfft?md5=90f4ef98c6c1c63c26a9ec9c76e46d19&pid=1-s2.0-S0168583X24002313-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141623694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lucile Beck , Matej Mayer , Tiago F. Silva , Claire Berthier , Laurent Pichon
{"title":"Combining PIXE and EBS for the analysis of paint layers: Experiment and simulation highlight the influence of the pigment grain size","authors":"Lucile Beck , Matej Mayer , Tiago F. Silva , Claire Berthier , Laurent Pichon","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165468","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165468","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>PIXE and EBS were used simultaneously to characterize paint layers containing pigments of controlled grain size. The experiments were carried out using the external 3 MeV proton beam from the NewAGLAE facility. The paint layers consisted of lead silicate pigments mixed in linseed oil. The pigments were characterized by XRD and SEM prior to IBA measurements. Irregularly shaped grains ranging from 13 to 64 µm were observed.</p><p>The PIXE spectra were fitted by TRAUPIXE and the EBS spectra were simulated with STRUCTNRA using simplified models of the paint structure assuming non-overlapping spherical pigment particles in oil. For each simulation, the particle size was used as provided by the SEM observations. The density of each paint layer was calculated according to the pigment composition determined by PIXE. For the linseed oil matrix, the oxygen content was fitted at about two times higher than in linseed oil, which is qualitatively consistent with the oxygen uptake during the drying process. The pigment volume fraction and the stick-out fraction were adjusted to fit the experimental spectra. A reasonable agreement between experimental and simulated spectra was achieved. This demonstrates that the simulation and quantitative understanding of EBS spectra from paintings requires the microstructure of the paint layer to be taken into account.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"555 ","pages":"Article 165468"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141623698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A comprehensive analysis: The effects of 100 MeV Ni7+ ion irradiations on the structural integrity of MoO3 thin films","authors":"Amit Kumar Verma , Peramjeet Singh , Neetu Yadav , Vernica Verma , Chandra Prakash , Sunil ojha , V.V. Siva Kumar , S.K. Kedia , Fouran Singh , Gargi Dhiman , R. Brajpuriya , N.K. Pandey , Brijesh Kumar , Ambesh Dixit","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165465","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An effort has been made to comprehensively study the structural modification of the molybdenum trioxide (MoO<sub>3</sub>) thin film with 100 MeV, Ni<sup>7+</sup>. The MoO<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrothermal method and thin film of MoO<sub>3</sub> was fabricated by spin coating technique. MoO<sub>3</sub> thin film was subjected to irradiation with 100 MeV, Ni<sup>7+</sup> beam with various fluences of 5 × 10<sup>12</sup>, 1 × 10<sup>13</sup>, and 3 × 10<sup>13</sup> ions cm<sup>−2</sup>. The structural changes induced by ion beam irradiation were characterized using XRD diffraction, Raman, Fourier Transforms Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) UV–visible spectroscopy, and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The synthesized thin film showed an orthorhombic phase and the average crystallite size was 63.8 nm of the pristine sample. it is observed that the crystallinity decreases after irradiation. The Raman study confirmed the XRD findings and also showed that after exposure, intensity of the Raman peaks decreased and the width of the spectra expanded due to a decrement in the crystallinity. The bandgap of the thin films decreased after irradiation as the ion fluence increased up to 3 × 10<sup>13</sup> ions cm<sup>−2</sup>. The findings showed that the ion beam irradiation was directly accountable for the amorphization and lattice defect development in the MoO<sub>3</sub> thin films.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"555 ","pages":"Article 165465"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141623695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel Thor , Gavin Poludniowski , Jonathan Siikanen
{"title":"TYtool: A software application for yield and target power optimization in charged particle induced radionuclide production","authors":"Daniel Thor , Gavin Poludniowski , Jonathan Siikanen","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165467","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165467","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A software application useful for optimization and maximizing radionuclide production without exceeding the power limits of the target material or holder has been developed. The software (TYtool) can be used for target optimization including yield calculations vs time, thickness, and incident energy, W/mm through the target, and automated target thickness optimization with the Makkonen-Craig & Helariutta − or the novel Yield/Wapproach. TYtool also facilitates graphical representation of many basic plots such as cross section, mass stopping power, activity output, projected range and it is useful for many different particles, reactions, radionuclides via the default cross section data base or the import function for cross section and mass stopping power. The software is available for free at: <span><span>https://gitlab.com/NM_Karolinska_Solna/TYtool</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"555 ","pages":"Article 165467"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141623729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The energy transfer of electronic excitations to impurities in dosimetric phosphors BaSO4-Dy","authors":"T.N. Nurakhmetov, K.B. Zhangylyssov, R.K. Shamiyeva, T.T. Alibay, Zh.M Salikhodzha, B.M. Sadykova, D.A. Tolekov, B.N. Yussupbekova","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The formation of new radiative states from the combination of <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>D</mi><mi>y</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><mo>-</mo><msubsup><mrow><mi>S</mi><mi>O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow><mo>-</mo></msubsup></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mrow><mi>S</mi><mi>O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>-</mo></mrow></msubsup><mo>-</mo><msubsup><mrow><mi>S</mi><mi>O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow><mo>-</mo></msubsup></mrow></math></span> electron trapping centers in the range of 2.95–3.1 eV has been investigated using VUV and thermal activation spectroscopy. During the excitation process, there is a charge transfer between the oxygen ion of the sulfate anion and <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>D</mi><mi>y</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>+</mo><mspace></mspace></mrow></msup></math></span> leading to the formation of a combined emissive state <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mrow><mi>S</mi><mi>O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>-</mo></mrow></msubsup><mo>→</mo><msubsup><mrow><mi>S</mi><mi>O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow><mo>-</mo></msubsup></mrow></math></span>. These states can be formed from the electron-hole trapping centers of <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>D</mi><mi>y</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><mo>-</mo><msubsup><mrow><mi>S</mi><mi>O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow><mo>-</mo></msubsup></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mrow><mi>S</mi><mi>O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>-</mo></mrow></msubsup><mo>-</mo><msubsup><mrow><mi>S</mi><mi>O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow><mo>-</mo></msubsup></mrow></math></span>. The combined radiative state at 2.95–3.1 eV and impurity emission at 2.16 eV and 2.56 eV are excited simultaneously by photons of 3.95 eV and 4.5 eV, respectively. During the thermal or optical excitation process, the <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>D</mi><mi>y</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> and <span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>S</mi><mi>O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>-</mo></mrow></msubsup></math></span> electronic centers are ionized. Electrons recombine with a hole trapped by the ground state of the impurity (<span><math><msubsup><mrow><mi>S</mi><mi>O</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow><mo>-</mo></msubsup></math></span> <span><math><mo>-</mo></math></span> <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>D</mi><mi>y</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math></span>), and the released energy is transferred to the <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>D</mi><mi>y</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> impurities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"555 ","pages":"Article 165459"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141623730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Convenient real-time radiation monitoring and measurement device using phosphate glass with aluminum impurities","authors":"Sota Orimo , Takeru Awano , Shun Akiyama , Saya Ohno , Satoe Konta , Ryota Sindo , Makoto Sakai , Osamu Hanaizumi , Yohei Inaba , Wataru Kada","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165447","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165447","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A compact, convenient dosimeter device for a convenient dose-distribution profiling tool were developed using aluminum-enriched phosphate glass. The composition of the phosphate glass were modified by adding an additional 0.2 mol % aluminum impurity, which allowed the phosphate glass to be used as a real-time scintillator with broadband radioluminescence under various types of radiation exposure, including X-rays, without large build-up effects. Real-time radiation monitoring was accomplished on a submillimeter scale by using aluminum-enriched phosphate glass beads. Ion beam analysis confirmed that the aluminum-enriched phosphate glass contained no heavy elements. Optical fiber dosimetry based on the aluminum-enriched phosphate glass was demonstrated, and stable radioluminescence was visualized under X-ray irradiation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"555 ","pages":"Article 165447"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141623696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quantitative elemental analysis of rat bone using micro-PIXE analysis","authors":"Yugo Kato , Haruko Yakumaru , Kyoko Ayama , Masakazu Oikawa , Shino Homma-Takeda","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165473","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165473","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hydroxyapatite (Ca<sub>5</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>(OH)) is the main component of the bone, and the molar ratio of calcium and phosphorus (Ca/P) reflects the growth and health status of the bone. In this study, the micro particle-induced X-ray emission (micro-PIXE) was used to calculate local molar Ca/P ratios in different parts of rat bone. Linear calibration curve was obtained by measuring droplets containing increasing concentrations of Ca and P. It was used to calculate Ca and P concentration in three different areas (diaphysis, trabecula, and epiphysis area) of interest of the femoral bone. There were differences in Ca/P molar ratio in these three.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"555 ","pages":"Article 165473"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141623697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Surface modification of NiTi alloy by ion and gas cluster ion irradiation. The role of chemical segregation","authors":"V.S. Chernysh , A.E. Ieshkin , D.S. Kireev , A.A. Tatarintsev , B.R. Senatulin , E.A. Skryleva","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165463","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nitinol is an alloy of roughly equiatomic nickel and titanium, having shape memory and widely used in many applications, such as aerospace, automotive, biomedical and others. One of techniques for its treatment is plasma or ion beam irradiation. In the work we investigated surface composition and topography of the alloy formed by ion and cluster ion bombardment. A strong enrichment of the surface with nickel is detected, which does not agree with contemporary ideas about preferential sputtering. The results were compared with other known results in the area, and the processes occurring under ion irradiation of compound materials were discussed. The role of ambient oxygen in the steady state surface composition establishing is described.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"554 ","pages":"Article 165463"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141593129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}