Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms最新文献

{"title":"5 MeV Si ion irradiation effects on structural and morphological properties of multiwalled carbon nanotubes","authors":"T.V. Sai Suresh ,&nbsp;V. Saikiran ,&nbsp;A.P. Pathak","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Carbon based nanomaterials (CBNs) such as multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), graphene etc have attracted huge interest due to their widespread applications in contemporary nanotechnology. The ion bombardment is an important method which can be used for tuning of the structural and morphological properties of the CBNs. In the present work, we have carried out ion irradiation on MWCNTs (prepared by chemical vapour deposition method) with 5 MeV Si ions at different fluences ranging from 1 × 10¹⁴ to 5 × 10¹⁶ ions<em>/</em>cm². The resulting structural and morphological modifications on the pristine MWCNTs have been characterized by using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Results observed after successful characterization are compared with pristine sample results and we observed that the irradiation creates defects in MWCNTs and causes amorphized carbon nanomaterials depending on the fluence and energy deposited by energetic ions inside the MWCNTs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"555 ","pages":"Article 165489"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141950892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of inelastic ion collisions on low-gain avalanche detectors explained by an ASi-Sii-defect mode","authors":"Kevin Lauer ,&nbsp;Stephanie Reiß ,&nbsp;Aaron Flötotto ,&nbsp;Katharina Peh ,&nbsp;Dominik Bratek ,&nbsp;Robin Müller ,&nbsp;Dirk Schulze ,&nbsp;Wichard Beenken ,&nbsp;Erik Hiller ,&nbsp;Thomas Ortlepp ,&nbsp;Stefan Krischok","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The acceptor removal phenomenon (ARP), which hampers the functionality of low-gain avalanche detectors (LGAD), is discussed in frame of the <em>A</em>_Si-Si<em>_i</em>-defect model. The assumption of fast diffusion of interstitial silicon is shown to be superfluous for the explanation of the B_Si-Si<em>_i</em>-defect formation under irradiation, particular at very low temperatures. The experimentally observed properties of the ARP are explained by the donor properties of the B_Si-Si<em>_i</em>-defect in its ground state. Additionally, low temperature photoluminescence spectra are reported for quenched boron doped silicon showing so far unidentified PL lines, which change due to well-known light-induced degradation (LID) treatments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"555 ","pages":"Article 165472"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168583X24002428/pdfft?md5=70d9c0b07c479f72633b840aabb6e65f&pid=1-s2.0-S0168583X24002428-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141950895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of H vacancies on photochromic properties of oxygen-containing yttrium hydride","authors":"D. Moldarev ,&nbsp;E. Pitthan ,&nbsp;M. Wolff ,&nbsp;D. Primetzhofer","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present in-situ studies of H loss from YHO films using ion beam analysis and its effect on the photochromic properties. The film evaporates loosely bound H under exposure to a beam of 3056 keV He²⁺ without a concomitant increase of O. Annealing at 145 °C decreases both the photochromic contrast and the bleaching speed indicating the importance of mobile H for the photochromic reaction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"555 ","pages":"Article 165486"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168583X24002568/pdfft?md5=7d66b4038712f226234e51f962ca860d&pid=1-s2.0-S0168583X24002568-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141950474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental electronic stopping cross section of titanium for slow hydrogen, deuterium, and helium ions","authors":"Philipp M. Wolf ,&nbsp;Eduardo Pitthan ,&nbsp;Daniel Primetzhofer","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The electronic stopping cross section of Ti for light ions is measured in an energy range of 1.3–5.0 keV for H⁺, and 1.5–10.0 keV for He⁺. All measurements were performed using <em>in-situ</em> Time-of-Flight Low-Energy Ion Scattering (ToF-LEIS) on ultrathin Ti layers, enabling absolute energy loss measurements. Monte-Carlo simulations are used to fit the experimental spectra and to extract the stopping cross section quantitatively. The free electron gas model is applied to collect additional information on the electronic stopping of light ions in Ti. We further compare the presented experimental data with previously published experimental data, semi-empirical models, and theoretical predictions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"555 ","pages":"Article 165471"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168583X24002416/pdfft?md5=4932faceb557120e3622a434d5e44618&pid=1-s2.0-S0168583X24002416-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141960567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced 2D-PIXE/RBS processing with Machine Learning at the New AGLAE facility for ancient layered objects","authors":"Astrid Tazzioli ,&nbsp;Quentin Lemasson ,&nbsp;Alexandre Girard ,&nbsp;Laurent Pichon ,&nbsp;Brice Moignard ,&nbsp;Claire Pacheco","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165469","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165469","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Studying without sampling the fine layering of heritage objects, usually heterogeneous in composition and with an uneven surface requires new methodologies. Single spot analyses are not representative and may lead to misinterpretation; thus, they are not sufficient to conclude on the layering. 2D-imaging is essential to analyze a bigger area to recover the characteristics of heritage objects. However, processing 2D-RBS images pixel per pixel requires a long computing time. To automate the processing of 2D-IBA images at New AGLAE, the use of artificial intelligence enables the consideration of all the spectra from the different detectors and across the entire area simultaneously. Unsupervised learning algorithms for clustering bring together the pixels with similar characteristics, effectively capturing the essential features of the 2D-images. The signal corresponding to each cluster can then be processed to obtain both the chemical composition and layer thicknesses of the analyzed areas. Thus, a spatial distribution of the stratigraphy is obtained.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"555 ","pages":"Article 165469"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141960191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secondary particle intensity for experimental range verification in carbon ion therapy","authors":"Chuan Huang ,&nbsp;Zhiguo Xu ,&nbsp;Zulong Zhao ,&nbsp;Yongzhi Yin ,&nbsp;Xiulin Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiyu Qiu ,&nbsp;Peng Ma ,&nbsp;Haibo Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165464","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165464","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Range uncertainty that reduces the dosimetric advantage of carbon ion therapy is a major problem limiting its treatment precision. To address this issue, high-precision monitoring of the in-beam range is essential. This paper proposes a method for range verification using a secondary particle intensity (SPI) system consisting of a cerium bromide (CeBr₃) scintillation detector and an integrated ionization chamber (IC). This method uses the secondary particle intensity produced by the primary particles per monitor unit (MU) observed by the SPI system to convert the carbon ion range. Secondary particles, including gamma rays, neutrons, and charged particles, can be detected in the CeBr₃ detector as long as their signal exceeds the threshold, and no discrimination by particle type is required. The Heavy Ion Medical Machine (HIMM) terminal, situated in Lanzhou, China, provided the ¹²C⁶⁺ beam with energies ranging from 160.86 to 211.44 MeV/u. The experiment demonstrated that the carbon ion range accuracy of the ¹²C⁶⁺ beam in a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) target can reach 0.92 ± 0.67 mm under a 10 ms measurement period. The secondary particle energy spectrum was recorded during both the in-beam and off-beam phases, clearly recognizing the 511 keV annihilation photopeak with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 31.37 keV. The photopeak of annihilation confirmed the accumulation of activated products. During the 15 min continuous irradiation process, the effect of activated product accumulation on the range verification is about 1.15 mm. This paper illustrates the feasibility of SPI method for fast measurement of carbon ion range, which could potentially reduce the effects of range uncertainty in carbon ion therapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"555 ","pages":"Article 165464"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168583X24002349/pdfft?md5=8d85b4dc146e59dc8881457d9d36ae68&pid=1-s2.0-S0168583X24002349-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141729235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defect-induced modulation of the exchange anisotropy by swift heavy ion irradiation in Ni81Fe19/Ir7Mn93 bilayers","authors":"Sanjay Kumar Kedia ,&nbsp;Ambuj Tripathi ,&nbsp;Sujeet Chaudhary","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165466","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the influence of swift heavy ion irradiation on exchange anisotropy (<em>H_EA</em>) and coercivity (<em>H_C</em>) in a set of top-pinned SiO_x/Cu/Ni₈₁Fe₁₉/Ir₇Mn₉₃/Ta bilayers fabricated by ion beam sputtering at room temperature (RT) in presence of an in-plane <em>in situ</em> static field of 1 kOe. Subsequently, the bilayers were subjected to a magnetic annealing process at 300 °C for an hour in the presence of a 3.5 kOe magnetic field. By systematically increasing the <em>Au</em> ion fluences from pristine to 3.3 × 10¹¹ ion/cm², the positive exchange anisotropy (PEA) and negative exchange anisotropy (NEA) were found to be enhanced by 10 Oe and ∼178 Oe, respectively. However, once the ion fluences surpassed the necessary threshold of 3.3 × 10¹¹ ion/cm² required for defect creation/pinning centers in the antiferromagnetic (AF) layer, a reduction in both <span><math><msub><mi>H</mi><mrow><mi>EA</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mi>H</mi><mi>C</mi></msub></math></span> was observed due to the interfacial mixing. The enhancement in PEA and NEA is attributed to the creation of defects or hyperthermal heating in the AF layer as a consequence of ion irradiation. These experimental results align with the framework of the diluted antiferromagnetic model. The persistent training effect, which is observed even after irradiation, confirms the existence of a highly metastable interface between the NiFe/IrMn layer. Thus, ion irradiation emerges as a powerful tool for precisely tailoring the <em>H_EA</em> and <em>H_C</em> of the bilayers by systematically controlling the ion fluence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"555 ","pages":"Article 165466"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141638365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The study on raw material characteristic and firing process of Zhanggongxiang kiln celadon","authors":"Weijuan Zhao ,&nbsp;Yufan Song ,&nbsp;Guoping Shen ,&nbsp;Bin Zhang ,&nbsp;Wenjun Zhao ,&nbsp;Bing Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaomin Liu ,&nbsp;Haidong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165482","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165482","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A scientific investigation of the relationship between the raw material characteristics, phase composition, and firing temperature of celadon in the developing and mature stages of the Zhanggongxiang kiln was conducted. The results indicate that the celadon glaze of the developing stage and mature stage of Zhanggongxiang kiln experienced the transformation from calcium glaze to calcium-alkali glaze. Except for one sample in the developing stage, whose firing temperature was lower than 1200 °C, the firing temperatures of the other Zhanggongxiang kiln celadon samples were higher than 1200 °C. The ratio between the contents of mullite and quartz in the body of mature stage samples was higher than that in the developing stage, which was related to the differences in raw materials and firing temperatures in the two stages. Compared with the developing stage, the raw material characteristics and firing process of celadon in the mature stage were more uniform and stable.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"555 ","pages":"Article 165482"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141638364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of precipitates on defect formation and irradiation resistance in CoCrFeNi alloy","authors":"A. Yabuuchi ,&nbsp;Z.H. Zhong ,&nbsp;K. Yasunaga ,&nbsp;H. Watanabe ,&nbsp;M. Tokitani ,&nbsp;Q. Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, the irradiation resistance of a high-entropy alloy (HEA), (CoCrFeNi)₉₅Ti₁Nb₁Al₃, which is based on a CoCrFeNi medium-entropy alloy (MEA), was investigated. Thin-film samples of HEA and MEA were irradiated by 2.4 MeV Ni ions to 1.7 × 10¹⁹ ions/m² at 673 and 873 K. Compared to MEA, no significant segregation of solution elements was observed in the aged HEA with precipitation and the unaged HEA without precipitation after irradiation at 873 K. Thus, the irradiation resistance of the HEA was improved. In addition, the formation of stacking fault tetrahedra (SFTs), a type of vacancy cluster, owing to ion irradiation at 673 and 873 K, was significantly reduced in the HEA. The formation of SFTs in HEA is due to the cascade damage caused by ion irradiation. However, the formation of SFTs in MEA is not only due to a cascade, but also due to the aggregation of vacancies. The results based on rate theory simulations show that nano-sized and sub-nano-sized precipitates in HEA act as sinks for vacancies and inhibit the long-range diffusion of vacancies, preventing vacancy cluster formation and the segregation of solution elements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"555 ","pages":"Article 165481"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141638363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-section data for the reactions 13C(3He,p0)15N to 13C(3He,p15)15N and 13C(3He,d0)14N at energies up to 6 MeV","authors":"Laurin Hess,&nbsp;Matej Mayer,&nbsp;Thomas Schwarz-Selinger","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165454","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2024.165454","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The cross-sections of the <span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>13</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>C(<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>He,p<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>)<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>15</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>N reactions for x <span><math><mo>=</mo></math></span> 0...15 and reaction angles of 135<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>∘</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> and 175<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>∘</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> and the <span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>13</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>C(<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>He,d<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>)<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>14</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>N reaction for a reaction angle of 135<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>∘</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> have been measured for energies from 1.5 to 6 MeV using an amorphous hydrocarbon (a–¹³C:H) thin film on silicon and chromium substrates. The cross-sections were determined relative to the Rutherford scattering cross-section of <span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>He from a thin gold layer. The calculated uncertainties range from 2 to 7% for 135<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>∘</mo></mrow></msup></math></span> and 3 to 15% for 175<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>∘</mo></mrow></msup></math></span>. The determined cross-sections agree within the uncertainties with previous works and were benchmarked against spectra obtained using thick porous carbon-13 targets. The results are presented in graphical and tabular form.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"555 ","pages":"Article 165454"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168583X24002246/pdfft?md5=3e0976bb1757026c0c117c7881081ef4&pid=1-s2.0-S0168583X24002246-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141629931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}