Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi最新文献_第2页

The Roles of Chitin Synthases and Chitinases of Filamentous Fungi in Hyphal Tip Growth and Conidial Development 丝状真菌几丁质合成酶和几丁质酶在菌丝尖端生长和分生孢子发育中的作用

Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi Pub Date : 1997-10-30 DOI: 10.3314/JJMM.38.267

H. Horiuchi, M. Takagi

引用次数: 0

Mechanism of Macrophage Fungicidal Activity Against Cryptococcus neoformans: A Comparative Study Between Mouse and Human 巨噬细胞对新生隐球菌的杀真菌作用机制:小鼠与人的比较研究

Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi Pub Date : 1997-07-30 DOI: 10.3314/JJMM.38.233

K. Kawakami

{"title":"Mechanism of Macrophage Fungicidal Activity Against Cryptococcus neoformans: A Comparative Study Between Mouse and Human","authors":"K. Kawakami","doi":"10.3314/JJMM.38.233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3314/JJMM.38.233","url":null,"abstract":"Cryptococcus neoformans(Cn)感染に対する防御機構は主に細胞性免疫によって担われ,NK細胞,γδT細胞及びヘルパーT細胞から産生されるIFN-γによってマクロファージが活性化され最終的な殺菌に関わっている.マウス腹腔マクロファージを用いた我々の実験では,IFN-γによって誘導された抗Cn活性はnitric oxide(NO)産生とよく相関しており,NO合成阻害剤によって完全に抑制されることから,NOが主要な殺菌メディエーターと考えられた.また,酸素系ラジカルのスカベンジャーであるsuperoxide dismutase(SOD)やカタラーゼの影響を調べると興味深いことにNO産生増強を介して抗Cn活性が高められた.一方ヒトマクロファージについては,マウスと異なりNOを全く産生できないとする報告と刺激方法によってはNO産生がみられ感染防御に関与しているとする報告があり未だ統一した見解が得られていない.我々のヒトマクロファージ細胞株U937を用いた実験では,種々の刺激によって全くNO産生が認められなかった.また,抗Cn活性はNO合成阻害剤やSOD,カタラーゼによって全く影響がみられなかった.このようにヒトとマウスではマクロファージの殺菌機構においてかなり異なっており,マウスで得られた知見がそのままヒトに適用できない可能性が考えられる.","PeriodicalId":19301,"journal":{"name":"Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi","volume":"19 1","pages":"233-238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75415294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Induction and Characterization of Granulomatous Inflammation in Experimental Cryptococcal Infection in the Rat 实验性隐球菌感染大鼠肉芽肿性炎症的诱导和表征

Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi Pub Date : 1997-07-30 DOI: 10.3314/JJMM.38.215

Makoto Ito, H. Yamaoka, K. Matsunaga, A. Ogiso, Kazuyuki Miyata, M. Hotchi

{"title":"Induction and Characterization of Granulomatous Inflammation in Experimental Cryptococcal Infection in the Rat","authors":"Makoto Ito, H. Yamaoka, K. Matsunaga, A. Ogiso, Kazuyuki Miyata, M. Hotchi","doi":"10.3314/JJMM.38.215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3314/JJMM.38.215","url":null,"abstract":"ラットにCryptococcus neoformansを経静脈接種し,肝臓および血管内肉芽腫の構成細胞の形質を電顕的内因性ペルオキシダーゼ染色により検討し,さらに中枢神経系での肉芽腫性病変とミクログリアの活性化との関係を免疫組織化学的に検討した.肝臓ではクッパー細胞が主体となって肉芽腫が形成され,血行性播種の過程では血管内に単球由来のマクロファージ(Mφ)が主体となり血管内肉芽腫を形成した.中枢神経系では肝臓,脾臓の肉芽腫性炎症が消退した後も,持続性感染により脳内に肉芽腫性炎症が広がった.中枢神経固有のミクログリアは感染後9日目から活性化され,Class II MHC抗原,CD11b/cの発現が脳室周辺や白質に生じた.同時に経時的に数と大きさを増して感染性肉芽腫が皮質・白質を問わず多数形成された.しかし,皮質内の肉芽腫周辺には活性化されたミクログリアの分布は認められず,活性化されたミクログリアは白質の肉芽腫周辺に多く分布していることから,肉芽腫形成の場により活性化ミクログリアの関与は異なっていた.感染後期にはCD4+ T cellとCD8+ T cellの浸潤が肉芽腫内に多く認められた.臓器により,また感染の経過により肉芽腫形成の主体は在住性Mφであったり単球由来のMφであったり様々であり,Mφが直接肉芽腫形成に参画することも,炎症性メディエイターの分泌を介して肉芽腫性炎症の増幅に間接的に関与する場合もある.","PeriodicalId":19301,"journal":{"name":"Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi","volume":"62 1","pages":"215-222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85766972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Two Cases of Tinea Due to Trichophyton mentagrophytes Infection by a Rabbit 家兔毛癣菌感染足癣2例

Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi Pub Date : 1997-07-30 DOI: 10.3314/JJMM.38.247

T. Iizuka, J. Ninomiya, T. Hamaguchi, M. Nagase, I. Takiuchi

{"title":"Two Cases of Tinea Due to Trichophyton mentagrophytes Infection by a Rabbit","authors":"T. Iizuka, J. Ninomiya, T. Hamaguchi, M. Nagase, I. Takiuchi","doi":"10.3314/JJMM.38.247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3314/JJMM.38.247","url":null,"abstract":"兎が感染源と考えられる,Trichophyton mentagrophytesによる白癬の2例を報告した.症例1は28歳,女性.初診の3か月前より,室内で2羽の兎を飼育していた.2か月前に1羽の兎に脱毛巣を生じ,その直後に別の兎に同様の症状が生じた.初診の10日前より胸部の皮疹に気づき来院,病巣よりT.mentagrophytesを分離した.兎は既に治療済みであったが,動物病院に保存されていた菌株についてT.mentagrophytesと同定できた.症例2は,3歳,男児.初診の約1か月前に体部白癬に罹患.某医を受診し治療をうけ,これは治癒したが,2-3週間前より頭部の鱗屑と脱毛に気づき,同じ医院を受診.頭部白癬の診断で外用抗真菌剤による治療を受けていたが,ケルスス禿瘡に進展したため来院.病巣よりT.mentagrophytesを分離した.内服抗真菌剤による治療継続中,亜鉛華軟膏を併用したところ,著しい増悪を招き,外用の中止により急速に改善した.初診の約2か月前より室内で飼育していた兎に,患児の臨床像に類似した鱗屑と痂皮を伴う脱毛巣があったという.兎は既に治療済みであったため,兎から菌を分離する事はできなかった.なお,患児より分離したT.mentagrophytesは,交配試験の結果Arthroderma vanbreuseghemii(-)株と同定された.","PeriodicalId":19301,"journal":{"name":"Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi","volume":"82 1","pages":"247-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74177798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Analysis of Cytokine Production in Pulmonary Cryptococcosis 肺隐球菌病细胞因子的产生分析

Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi Pub Date : 1997-07-30 DOI: 10.3314/JJMM.38.229

J. Kadota, K. Abe, H. Sasaki, H. Kakeya, Yoshihiro Yamamoto, T. Tashiro, S. Kohno

引用次数: 0

Generation of Two Phenotypically Distinct Types of Macrophages, CD1+ Dendritic Cells and TRAP+ Osteoclast-like Multi-nucleated Giant Cells from Human Monocytes 两种表型不同的巨噬细胞，CD1+树突状细胞和TRAP+破骨细胞样多核巨细胞的产生

Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi Pub Date : 1997-07-30 DOI: 10.3314/JJMM.38.209

K. Akagawa

引用次数: 4

Direct Examination and Isolation of Candida albicans from the Tongues of Aged People 老年人口腔白色念珠菌的直接检测与分离

Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi Pub Date : 1997-07-30 DOI: 10.3314/JJMM.38.253

T. Katoh, K. Kimura, H. Taniguchi, Rhuji Maruyama, K. Nishioka

引用次数: 2

Roles of Activated Macrophages in Host Defense Mechanisms Against Candida Infection 活化巨噬细胞在宿主防御念珠菌感染机制中的作用

Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi Pub Date : 1997-07-30 DOI: 10.3314/JJMM.38.223

S. Abe, S. Tansho, K. Uchida, H. Yamaguchi

引用次数: 5

Typing of Common Dermatophytes by Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA 多态DNA随机扩增的常见皮肤真菌分型研究

Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi Pub Date : 1997-07-30 DOI: 10.3314/JJMM.38.239

Zhihong Zhong, Ruoyu Li, Dongmei Li, Duanli Wang

{"title":"Typing of Common Dermatophytes by Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA","authors":"Zhihong Zhong, Ruoyu Li, Dongmei Li, Duanli Wang","doi":"10.3314/JJMM.38.239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3314/JJMM.38.239","url":null,"abstract":"Seventy-six clinical isolates of dermatophytes and 8 preserved strains of Arthroderma were investigated by random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay to determine the DNA types of common dermatophytes and find any relationships of DNA-based typing with morphology, teleomorphs, geographic origins and sites of human infection. It was found that each species showed a distinct DNA pattern, which can be used as an identification marker. Forty-two isolates of Trichophyton mentagrophytes were classified into 3 main types and intratype polymorphism was revealed with some primers. No simple relationship was found between DNA type and morphology, but the DNA types of strains were closely related to their geographic origins. The RAPD groups of Arthroderma benhamiae, A. vanbreuseghemii, A. gypsea and A. otae were distinctly different, whereas the 42 clinical isolates of T. mentagrophytes shared similar patterns with A. vanbreuseghemii. Among 30 clinical isolates of T. rubrum, 22 showed almost identical RAPD type, while the other 8 strains differed slightly in band patterns. T. rubrum exhibited great differences from A. benhamiae and A. vanbreuseghemii. In conclusion, RAPD provides a stable and reliable means of typing common dermatophytes, and is a powerful tool for dermatophyte identification and epidemiological study.","PeriodicalId":19301,"journal":{"name":"Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi","volume":"48 1","pages":"239-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79553564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 30

New Directions in Antifungal Therapy. 抗真菌治疗的新方向

Nippon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi Pub Date : 1997-05-30 DOI: 10.3314/JJMM.38.141

D. Stevens

引用次数: 3