NeurosciencePub Date : 2025-03-27DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.058
Laiklyn A M Luther, Samantha L Higley, Kathleen E Morrison
{"title":"Stress during puberty and adulthood pregnancy impact histone acetylation regulators in the hypothalamus.","authors":"Laiklyn A M Luther, Samantha L Higley, Kathleen E Morrison","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Undergoing stressful events during puberty puts women at risk for a variety of negative outcomes, and this risk is heightened if they become pregnant later in life. We previously demonstrated that stress during puberty combined with pregnancy in adulthood led to a blunted response of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal stress axis in humans and mice. We have begun to understand the mechanisms underlying this effect by examining the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), a key regulator of the HPA axis. Prior studies uncovered an increase in chromatin openness within the PVN of the at-risk mice, with bioinformatic analyses implicating histone acetylation in this increased openness. Here, we measured the activity of histone acetyltransferase (HATs) and histone deacetylase (HDACs), the writers and erasers of histone acetylation, within the PVN to further characterize how stress during puberty and pregnancy may be interacting to produce a blunted stress response. We found that histone acetylation tone within the PVN is predictive of prior transcriptional and chromatin results. Pregnant, pubertally stressed females had a pro-acetylation tone within the PVN that was driven by decrease in HDAC activity. These findings establish a role for regulators of acetylation in the open chromatin landscape characteristic in the PVN of pregnant, pubertally stressed females. Overall, this study provides insight into the epigenetic mechanisms underlying female-relevant risk for stress dysregulation, a central endophenotype of affective disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeurosciencePub Date : 2025-03-26DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.059
Xinyi Hu , Xiangyun Long , Jiaxin Wu , Na Liu , Nan Huang , Fei Liu , Ansi Qi , Qi Chen , Zheng Lu
{"title":"Dynamic modular dysregulation in multilayer networks underlies cognitive and clinical deficits in first-episode schizophrenia","authors":"Xinyi Hu , Xiangyun Long , Jiaxin Wu , Na Liu , Nan Huang , Fei Liu , Ansi Qi , Qi Chen , Zheng Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Schizophrenia has been identified to exhibit significant abnormalities in brain functional networks, which are likely to underpin the cognitive and functional impairments observed in patients. Graph theoretical analysis revealed the disrupted modularity in schizophrenia, however, the dynamic network abnormalities in schizophrenia remains unclear. We collected the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 82 first-episode schizophrenia (FES) patients and 55 healthy control (HC) subjects. Dynamic functional connectivity matrices were constructed and a multilayer network model was employed to run the dynamic modularity analysis. We also performed correlation analyses to investigate the relationship between flexibility, cognitive function and clinical symptoms. Our findings indicate that FES patients exhibit higher multilayer modularity. The node flexibility of FES patients were found elevated in several brain regions, which were included in the default mode network, fronto-parietal network, salience network and visual network. The node flexibility metrics in aberrant brain regions were found to demonstrate significant correlations with cognitive function and negative symptoms in patients with FES. These findings suggest a pathological imbalance in brain network dynamics, where abnormal modular organization might contribute to the cognitive impairment and functional deficits in schizophrenia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":"573 ","pages":"Pages 315-321"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeurosciencePub Date : 2025-03-26DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.042
Frederik Lau, Rebecca Binacchi, Samuele Brugnara, Alba Cumplido-Mayoral, Serena Di Savino, Ihsanullah Khan, Angela Orso, Samuele Sartori, Paola Bellosta, Matthias Carl, Lucia Poggi, Giovanni Provenzano
{"title":"Using Single-Cell RNA sequencing with Drosophila, Zebrafish, and mouse models for studying Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Frederik Lau, Rebecca Binacchi, Samuele Brugnara, Alba Cumplido-Mayoral, Serena Di Savino, Ihsanullah Khan, Angela Orso, Samuele Sartori, Paola Bellosta, Matthias Carl, Lucia Poggi, Giovanni Provenzano","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease are the most common neurodegenerative diseases, significantly affecting the elderly with no current cure available. With the rapidly aging global population, advancing research on these diseases becomes increasingly critical. Both disorders are often studied using model organisms, which enable researchers to investigate disease phenotypes and their underlying molecular mechanisms. In this review, we critically discuss the strengths and limitations of using Drosophila, zebrafish, and mice as models for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's research. A focus is the application of single-cell RNA sequencing, which has revolutionized the field by providing novel insights into the cellular and transcriptomic landscapes characterizing these diseases. We assess how combining animal disease modeling with high-throughput sequencing and computational approaches has advanced the field of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease research. Thereby, we highlight the importance of integrative multidisciplinary approaches to further our understanding of disease mechanisms and thus accelerating the development of successful therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143743438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeurosciencePub Date : 2025-03-25DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.051
Federico F Trigo, Pepe Alcamí, Sebastian Curti
{"title":"Functional interaction of electrical coupling and H-current and its putative impact on inhibitory transmission.","authors":"Federico F Trigo, Pepe Alcamí, Sebastian Curti","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The flow of information within neural circuits depends on the communication between neurons, primarily taking place at chemical and electrical synapses. The coexistence of these two modalities of synaptic transmission and their dynamical interaction with voltage-gated membrane conductances enables a rich repertoire of complex functional operations. One such operation, coincidence detection, allows electrically coupled neurons to respond more strongly to simultaneous synaptic inputs than to temporally dispersed ones. Using the mesencephalic trigeminal (MesV) nucleus-a structure composed of large, somatically coupled neurons-as an experimental model, we first demonstrate that electrical coupling strength in the hyperpolarized voltage range is highly time-dependent due to the involvement of the IH current. We then show how this property influences the coincidence detection of hyperpolarizing signals. Specifically, simultaneous hyperpolarizing inputs induce larger membrane potential changes, resulting in stronger IH current activation. This, in turn, shortens the temporal window for coincidence detection. We propose that this phenomenon may be crucial for networks dynamics in circuits of electrically coupled neurons that receive inhibitory synaptic inputs and express the IH current. In particular, molecular layer interneurons (MLIs) of the cerebellar cortex provide an ideal model for studying coincidence detection of inhibitory synaptic inputs, and how this operation is shaped by the voltage-dependent conductances like the IH current, potentially impacting on motor coordination and learning.</p>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143730904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeurosciencePub Date : 2025-03-25DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.039
Si Zhang , Rui Guo , Yang Li , Ke Liu , Shusheng Gong
{"title":"Mutual inhibitory interaction between M1 macrophages and Schwann cells in the myelin sheath of auditory nerves","authors":"Si Zhang , Rui Guo , Yang Li , Ke Liu , Shusheng Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To explore the interaction between the M1 macrophages and Schwann cells (SCs) in auditory nerve myelin.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted co-culture experiments using SCs from the auditory nerve myelin and induced M1 macrophages from 6-week-old C57BL/6 mice. The co-cultured group was set up as an experimental group, while the control groups were assigned as separated cultures of SCs and macrophages alone. The cultured cells were evaluated by cell number and morphology; further, the functions of the cells were detected by the secretion of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and phagocytic ability.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>SCs from the auditory nerve were purified and cultured, showing exponential growth. The BDNF secretion value of SCs was 0.444 ± 0.031 ng/ml. M1 polarization of mouse bone marrow macrophages was successfully induced, and the absorbance value of the macrophages phagocytosis was 0.144 ± 0.003. The co-cultured model presented significant shortening of the spindle-shaped bipolar protrusions of SCs, and the SCs number in co-cultured group was reduced by about 50 % compared with the SCs in control group. the secretion of BDNF value in the co-cultured group was reduced to 0.02 ± 0.007 ng/ml (P < 0.001). In addition, the absorbance value of M1 macrophages phagocytosis in the co-cultured group was significantly reduced to 0.104 ± 0.001 (P < 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Both M1 macrophages and SCs in auditory nerve myelin were significantly damaged in the co-cultured group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":"573 ","pages":"Pages 399-407"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143730912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeurosciencePub Date : 2025-03-24DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.048
Agnieszka Sorokowska , Anna Oleszkiewicz , Sabina Barszcz , Dominika Chabin , Piotr Jedrusik , Lukasz D. Kaczmarek , Aleksandra Kamienska , Agnieszka Nomejko , Thomas Hummel
{"title":"Child food neophobia and sympathetic arousal in response to odor exposure","authors":"Agnieszka Sorokowska , Anna Oleszkiewicz , Sabina Barszcz , Dominika Chabin , Piotr Jedrusik , Lukasz D. Kaczmarek , Aleksandra Kamienska , Agnieszka Nomejko , Thomas Hummel","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Child food neophobia (CFN) refers to the rejection or avoidance of novel foods in childhood and often relates to poor olfactory abilities. Paradoxically, children with CFN are often described as being highly sensitive to various sensory qualities, including the olfactory aspects of food. We examined an arousal-based mechanism that might explain this inconsistency. Hypothetically, odors – particularly unfamiliar or food-related – may generate excessive sympathetic arousal in (sensitive) children with CFN. This heightened arousal could reduce their olfactory exploratory behaviors and hinder olfactory development, resulting in poorer performance on smell tests. We investigated this hypothesis by measuring sympathetic arousal in response to six food and non-food odors varying in familiarity in 95 children (46 girls and 49 boys) aged 4 – 9 years. We assessed the response amplitude of electrodermal activity as an index of sympathetic arousal following odor exposure relative to characteristics of children (CFN, anxiety, odor identification score, age, gender), caregivers (food neophobia, age), and odors (pleasantness and familiarity ratings, edibility, presentation order). Regarding the main study hypothesis, results indicated that self-assessed CFN was not significantly related to response amplitude of electrodermal activity. At the same time, response amplitude of electrodermal activity was positively predicted by the child’s odor identification score. These findings suggest that heightened sympathetic arousal in response to odors does not contribute to avoidance of novel food products in child food neophobia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":"573 ","pages":"Pages 264-271"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeurosciencePub Date : 2025-03-24DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.052
Yongsheng Bian , Yimei Yang , Jun Chen , Jian Liu , Yan Tao , Zhongjie Liu , Lijin Huang
{"title":"Defective PINK1-dependent mitophagy is involved in high glucose-induced neurotoxicity","authors":"Yongsheng Bian , Yimei Yang , Jun Chen , Jian Liu , Yan Tao , Zhongjie Liu , Lijin Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neuropathic pain often complicates diabetes progression, yet the pathogenic mechanisms are poorly understood. Defective mitophagy is linked to various diabetic complications like nephropathy, cardiomyopathy, and retinopathy. To investigate the molecular basis of hyperglycemia-induced painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN), we examined the effect of high glucose on the PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (Parkin)-mediated mitophagy pathway in ND7/23 cells. Cells were treated with different glucose concentrations (25, 50, 75 mM) for various durations (24, 48, 72 h). Additionally, cells were exposed to high glucose (50 mM) with or without 100 nM rapamycin (a mitophagy enhancer) for 48 h, or transfected with PINK1 siRNA. We assessed protein levels of mitophagy-related genes (PINK1, Parkin, P62, LC3B) and apoptotic markers (cleaved-Caspase3) via Western blotting. High glucose significantly reduced the expression of autophagy-related proteins PINK1 and Parkin in a time- and concentration-dependent manner compared to controls. Rapamycin counteracted the inhibitory effects of high glucose on PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, while PINK1 siRNA transfection showed similar outcomes, confirming the inhibitory impact of high glucose on mitophagy. Moreover, high glucose induced apoptosis by suppressing PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, causing cytotoxic effects in ND7/23 cells which is derived from the fusion of mouse neuroblastoma cells and rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cells. Our findings suggest that hyperglycemia-induced disruption of the PINK1/Parkin mitophagy pathway impairs mitochondrial homeostasis, leading to apoptosis. Therefore, targeting PINK1 pathway activation or restoring mitophagy might be a promising therapeutic strategy for PDN treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":"573 ","pages":"Pages 286-299"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143730902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeurosciencePub Date : 2025-03-23DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.025
Zhongyuan Lu , Xiaoling Wang , Tian Mao , Lu Liu , Jiaqiang Zhang
{"title":"Evidence from a Mendelian randomization study: Delirium’s noncausal role in dementia onset","authors":"Zhongyuan Lu , Xiaoling Wang , Tian Mao , Lu Liu , Jiaqiang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Previous observational studies have suggested a possible association between dementia and delirium. However, these findings might be influenced by confounding variables. Thus, our study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between dementia and delirium using a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In our investigation, bidirectional MR analysis was conducted by summary statistics from genome–wide association studies (GWAS). This enabled us to evaluate the causal impact of delirium and different types of dementia, such as Alzheimer’s dementia (AD), vascular dementia (VaD) and Lewy body dementia (LD).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>According to MR analysis, there was a significant positive correlation between delirium risk and AD (odds ratio [OR] = 1.363; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 1.223–1.519; <em>p</em> = 2.140E-08) and LD (OR = 1.403; 95 % CI, 1.151–1.711; <em>p</em> = 8.226E-04). However, the analysis also revealed that there was no causal relationship between VaD (OR = 1.044; 95 % CI = 1.136–1.027; <em>p</em> = 0.316) and the risk of delirium. Additionally, our study does not provide evidence to support a causal correlation between delirium and the risk of developing any form of dementia.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results of the MR analysis suggest a potential causal link between dementia and an increased risk of delirium. Nevertheless, it should be emphasized that the existing evidence does not provide support for a causal connection in the reverse direction, implying that delirium may not play a causative role in the onset of dementia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":"573 ","pages":"Pages 247-253"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeurosciencePub Date : 2025-03-23DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.046
Doris Hernández, Anna Puupponen, Jarkko Keränen, Sébastien Vandenitte, Benjamin Anible, Gerardo Ortega, Tommi Jantunen
{"title":"Neuroelectrical and behavioral correlates of constructed action recognition in Finnish sign language.","authors":"Doris Hernández, Anna Puupponen, Jarkko Keränen, Sébastien Vandenitte, Benjamin Anible, Gerardo Ortega, Tommi Jantunen","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Language can be processed with varying levels of attentional involvement; consequently, the interplay between the language and attentional systems in the brain has been extensively studied in spoken languages. However, in sign languages (SLs), this interplay is less well understood. Here, we use Constructed Action (CA) - a meaning-making strategy based on enactment - as a window into the attentional mechanisms recruited in signed language comprehension. We explored the attentional processing of CA by identifying the sequence of processes involved and in which stage CA and its types might be processed differently. Finally, we investigated the associations between the brain mechanisms of CA detection and their behavioral manifestations, as well as with components of attention of the Attention Network Test (ANT). We also measured the electrophysiological correlates of performance on an oddball CA detection task in deaf and hearing L1 signers. We found that processes involved in all signers' active detection of CA involved automatic (indexed by N1 and P2) and attention-based processes (indexed by N2s and P3s). N2 posterior bilateral were also more negative for tokens of overt CA than for PT-only signs, while P3a was more positive for all types of CA than for PT. No significant results were found regarding the ANT. We conclude that specific attentional involvement in CA detection is triggered by the increasing enacting elements and saliency involved in CA. This study yielded new insights into the functional interaction between the neural mechanisms underlying attentional control and those mediating CA processing in SL.</p>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeurosciencePub Date : 2025-03-22DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.040
Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva , Timothy Daly
{"title":"Letters to the editor generated by AI in neuroscience: The role of neuroethics","authors":"Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva , Timothy Daly","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The letter to the editor (LTE) is a correspondence forum that allows a journal’s readers to comment on published research and also publish data and arguments in a brief way. The LTE has vital functions as an accessible comment forum, including holding authors and editors accountable for published content. Yet, there is also the possibility of misuse of the LTE format, as was evidenced by a recent mass retraction of 129 LTEs at a neurosurgery journal suspected to have been mass produced by the undeclared use of generative artificial intelligence (GAI). We argue in favor of a more interventionist stance on the part of neuroethicists to engage with, analyze, and propose solutions to the issue of low quality and GAI-generated neuroscience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":"573 ","pages":"Pages 244-246"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}