Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Modulation of stepping balance reactions through the alignment of vestibular input with body perturbation axis","authors":"Brye A. McMorran,&nbsp;John L. Zettel","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.04.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.04.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Balance reactions depend on sensing imbalances to direct recovery responses, though the role of vestibular feedback in scaling these responses remains uncertain. While vestibular input can alter anticipatory postural adjustments before a compensatory step (<span><span>McMorran, Bent, and Zettel 2024</span></span>), this study aimed to clarify whether this reflects vestibular-based scaling of step-recovery or if vestibular input acts as a stability reference in feedforward control of step execution. To investigate vestibular input’s influence on step scaling, galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) was aligned to amplify or diminish the sense of perturbed postural motion in forward step recovery, through inducing the sensation of forward (FGVS) or backward (BGVS) postural motion. Effects of altered vestibular input was analyzed in terms of postural and step motion and restabilization. GVS modulated forward step responses asymmetrically, with BGVS exhibiting greater postural motion in advance of the step as indicated through forward stability, while FGVS evoked larger and faster forward steps relative to the body. Upon landing the step, these differences culminated as skewed stability according to GVS direction, with a smaller stability margin in BGVS compared to a larger one in FGVS. This stability shift continued post-recovery, with a forward-BGVS and backward-FGVS shift when re-establishing equilibrium. These results demonstrate step-recovery scaling according to the GVS direction, indicating vestibular-based modulation of compensatory stepping reactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":"575 ","pages":"Pages 57-62"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Huddling promotes adult neurogenesis in the brain regions related to social behavior in cold-exposed Brandt’s voles","authors":"Gansukh Sukhchuluun ,&nbsp;Zuoxin Wang ,&nbsp;De-Hua Wang ,&nbsp;Xue-Ying Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.04.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.04.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Social thermoregulation behaviors such as huddling among individuals can be important for energy conservation and thermoregulatory processes. Beyond that, whether huddling behavior regulates neural plasticity in the brain remains unknown. We hypothesized that huddling regulates adult neurogenesis in brain regions related to social behavior and thermoregulation. We found that cold-exposed voles had decreased aggression and increased social interaction in association with higher oxytocin but lower vasopressin hormones compared to warm-exposed voles. Cold decreased the level of cell proliferation labeling indicated by BrdU (a marker for cell proliferation) in the anterior part of the subventricular zone (SVZ) in the brain, and notably, cold-huddling (CH) voles had a higher number of proliferating cells in the hypothalamus than cold-separated (CS) voles. Moreover, CH voles displayed higher cell survival in the central amygdala and paraventricular nuclei (PVN) of the hypothalamus (both regions were related to social behavior) in comparison to CS or warm-huddling (WH) voles, respectively. Furthermore, the CH voles had more BrdU/NeuN (markers for new neurons) double-labeled cells in the SVZ than WH voles, and also more BrdU/GFAP (markers for new glial cells) double-labeled cells in SVZ and dentate gyrus compared to WH and CS voles. In addition, the newly-generated neurons differentiated into more oxytocinergic neurons in the PVN of the CH voles. Together, these data support the notion that huddling behavior is beneficial for brain plasticity by protecting cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation, and may be involved in regulating social behavior in small mammals in cold environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":"575 ","pages":"Pages 73-84"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Sleep and circadian Rhythm activity alterations during adolescence in a mouse model of neonatal fentanyl withdrawal syndrome","authors":"Sari Luthfiyah ,&nbsp;Triwiyanto Triwiyanto ,&nbsp;Mohammed Ismath","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.067","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":"576 ","pages":"Page 42"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Test–retest reliability of pre-cue and anticipatory alpha activity in visual spatial attention","authors":"Jingyi Wang ,&nbsp;Ziqiu Liu ,&nbsp;Jingyi Hu ,&nbsp;Shanbao Tong ,&nbsp;Junfeng Sun ,&nbsp;Xiangfei Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.04.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.04.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alpha-band activity over the parietal-occipital cortex is a canonical neural marker of visual spatial attention. However, the ongoing debate surrounds whether this activity represents as an active mechanism in gating visual information processing or if it merely reflects an epiphenomenal consequence of anticipatory attentional shifts. Despite this debate, the temporal stability of alpha activity in visual spatial attention, an essential aspect for this discussion, remains ambiguous. Notably, our recent findings highlighted the significant impact of pre-cue alpha power on anticipatory alpha activity in spatial attention tasks, yet the reliability of these pre-cue alpha effects remained unexplored. Here we evaluated the short-term test–retest reliability of both pre-cue and anticipatory alpha activity in healthy young adults who engaged in the same spatial cueing paradigm over two consecutive days. Reliability was gauged using the intraclass coefficient (ICC). Our results demonstrated excellent reliability of pre-cue alpha power, alpha event-related desynchronization (ERD) and individual alpha frequency (IAF), and moderate reliability of alpha lateralization index (LI). Additionally, by categorizing participants into higher and lower pre-cue alpha power sub-groups based on median-splitting, we observed no significant differences in ICCs between the two sub-groups for anticipatory alpha ERD, LI and IAF, except for a significantly higher ICC of pre-cue alpha power in the higher sub-group than the lower sub-group. Taken together, by examining the short-term reliability of alpha-band activity in visual spatial attention for the first time, our study lays a foundational step for the ongoing discourse regarding its functional implications in visual spatial attention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":"575 ","pages":"Pages 85-93"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reevaluating Alzheimer’s disease treatment: Can phytochemicals bridge the therapeutic Gap?","authors":"Kishor Kumar Roy,&nbsp;Dinesh Kumar Mehta,&nbsp;Rina Das","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.04.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.04.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a growing neurological disorder giving impact cognition and memory, posing a global health challenge with over 55 million individuals affected. It is the 7th foremost cause of dying worldwide, and its pervasiveness is expected to twofold in each five years, reaching 115 million by 2050. AD is characterized by neurofibrillary tangles, senile plaques, and oxidative stress, leading to synaptic failure and cognitive decline. Currently, there is no cure, and available FDA-approved drugs provide only symptomatic relief. The disease progresses through five phases- mild cognitive impairment (MCI), very severe, severe, moderate and mild AD. Research on AD focuses on various neurodegenerative pathways, including inflammation, oxidative stress, genetic factors, environmental variables, and amyloid-beta accumulation. Existing FDA-accepted drugs, like rivastigmine, memantine, galantamine, and donepezil, primarily address early symptoms but have limitations, including side effects and high costs. In this context, phytochemicals from plants, such as resveratrol, huperzine, quercetin, galantamine, and rosmarinic acid, show promise as potential treatments for AD and overcome the challenges and limitation of conventional treatment. These natural substances are being investigated for their ability to lower the risk of AD safely. However, there is a lack of comprehensive knowledge about their application, necessitating further research and clinical trials to explore their potential benefits and limitations. This review serves as an essential reference for advancing future studies on Alzheimer’s disease. By thoroughly analyzing neurodegenerative pathways, addressing drug limitations, and highlighting the potential of phytochemicals, we establish a strong foundation for developing innovative therapeutic strategies. Closing the knowledge gap related to the use of phytochemicals in Alzheimer’s management is not just important; it is critical for creating novel and more effective treatments for this challenging neurological condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":"575 ","pages":"Pages 1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-seizure medication eslicarbazepine affects the synaptic transmission and plasticity in the rat hippocampal synapses","authors":"Zubin Singh Rana ,&nbsp;Chahat Pathania ,&nbsp;Abhinav Modgil ,&nbsp;Pradeep Punnakkal","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.04.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.04.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Patients with epilepsy often have various memory and cognitive impairments and it has been observed that the use of anti-seizure medications (ASMs) sometimes worsen the conditions. Understanding the mechanism of action of ASMs on neuronal networks is key towards answering the comorbidities of epilepsy. We used single cell patch clamp experiments and field recordings to investigate the mechanism of action of the ASM, eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) on excitability and synaptic transmission in the hippocampal synapses. Moreover, we also investigated the effect of ESL on long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampal synapses. We found that ESL reduces the neuronal excitability and sodium channel currents in a concentration dependent manner. As a known sodium channel blocker, the application of ESL was expected to decrease the amplitude of fEPSPs, but surprisingly an increase in the amplitude of fEPSPs was observed in the presence of 50 μM and 100 μM ESL (clinically relevant concentrations). This increase in fEPSPs was due to the antagonistic effect of ESL on adenosine A1 receptors. We also studied the effect of ESL on synaptic plasticity and found that 50 μM and 100 μM ESL impaired the LTP in hippocampal synapses. This study shows the interaction of ESL with Adenosine A1 receptors and its effect on synaptic plasticity. This may explain the complex and varied efficacy as well as side effects of ASMs in patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":"576 ","pages":"Pages 17-26"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"microRNAs as molecular tools for brain health: Neuroprotective potential in neurodegenerative disorders","authors":"Mozhgan Abasi ,&nbsp;Anvarsadat Kianmehr ,&nbsp;Athena Variji ,&nbsp;Parisa Sangali ,&nbsp;Abdolkarim Mahrooz","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.04.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.04.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As research on microRNAs (miRNAs) advances, it is becoming increasingly clear that these small molecules play crucial roles in the central nervous system (CNS). They are involved in various essential neuronal functions, with specific miRNAs preferentially expressed in different cell types within the nervous system. Notably, certain miRNAs are found at higher levels in the brain and spinal cord compared to other tissues, suggesting they may have specialized functions in the CNS. miRNAs associated with long-term neurodegenerative changes could serve as valuable tools for early treatment decisions and disease monitoring. The significance of miRNAs such as miR-320, miR-146 and miR-29 in the early diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders becomes evident, especially considering that many neurological and physical symptoms manifest only after substantial degeneration of specific neurons. Interestingly, serum miRNA levels such as miR-92 and miR-486 may correlate with various MRI parameters in multiple sclerosis. Targeting miRNAs using antisense strategies, such as antisense miR-146 and miR-485, may provide advantages over targeting mRNAs, as a single anti-miRNA can regulate multiple disease-related genes. In the future, anti-miRNA-based therapeutic approaches could be integrated into the clinical management of neurological diseases. Certain miRNAs, including miR-223, miR-106, miR-181, and miR-146, contribute to the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases and thus warrant greater attention. This knowledge could pave the way for the identification of new diagnostic, prognostic, and theranostic biomarkers, and potentially guiding the development of RNA-based therapeutic strategies. This review highlights recent research on the roles of miRNAs in the nervous system, particularly their protective functions in neurodegenerative disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":"574 ","pages":"Pages 83-103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143824337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subthalamic nucleus dynamics during executive functioning: Insights from local field potentials in Parkinson’s disease","authors":"Lejla Paracka ,&nbsp;Marcus Heldmann ,&nbsp;Florian Lange ,&nbsp;Assel Saryyeva ,&nbsp;Martin Klietz ,&nbsp;Thomas F. Münte ,&nbsp;Bruno Kopp ,&nbsp;Florian Wegner ,&nbsp;Joachim K. Krauss","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the involvement of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in executive functions, particularly cognitive flexibility, in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. Utilizing a computerized Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST) and local field potential (LFP) recordings from implanted deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes, we investigated task-specific neural dynamics. Behavioural results demonstrated increased error rates and prolonged response times in trials requiring set-shifting and rule induction via cross-temporal information integration. Electrophysiological analyses revealed integration-specific LFP modulations, including enhanced theta-band activity linked to conflict monitoring and cognitive control during high-demand trials, and beta-band suppression associated with motor inhibition and task disengagement. These findings underscore the STN’s integrative role in non-motor domains, supporting its function in cross-temporal information integration for cognitive control. The results also highlight the utility of the WCST for assessing multiple executive processes and the potential of LFP-based biomarkers to refine DBS programming. Despite the relatively small sample size, this study provides novel insights into the oscillatory dynamics of the STN, emphasizing its broader role in decision-making and executive control. Future research should expand the understanding of the STN’s contributions across cognitive domains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":"574 ","pages":"Pages 65-73"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143815835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A fully automatic radiomics pipeline for postoperative facial nerve function prediction of vestibular schwannoma","authors":"Gang Song ,&nbsp;Keyuan Li ,&nbsp;Zhuozheng Wang ,&nbsp;Wei Liu ,&nbsp;Qi Xue ,&nbsp;Jiantao Liang ,&nbsp;Yiqiang Zhou ,&nbsp;Haoming Geng ,&nbsp;Dong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vestibular schwannoma (VS) is the most prevalent intracranial schwannoma. Surgery is one of the options for the treatment of VS, with the preservation of facial nerve (FN) function being the primary objective. Therefore, postoperative FN function prediction is essential. However, achieving automation for such a method remains a challenge. In this study, we proposed a fully automatic deep learning approach based on multi-sequence magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to predict FN function after surgery in VS patients. We first developed a segmentation network 2.5D Trans-UNet, which combined Transformer and U-Net to optimize contour segmentation for radiomic feature extraction. Next, we built a deep learning network based on the integration of 1D<!--> <!-->Convolutional Neural Network (1DCNN) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) to predict postoperative FN function using the extracted features. We trained and tested the 2.5D Trans-UNet segmentation network on public and private datasets, achieving accuracies of 89.51% and 90.66%, respectively, confirming the model’s strong performance. Then Feature extraction and selection were performed on the private dataset’s segmentation results using 2.5D Trans-UNet. The selected features were used to train the 1DCNN-GRU network for classification. The results showed that our proposed fully automatic radiomics pipeline outperformed the traditional radiomics pipeline on the test set, achieving an accuracy of 88.64%, demonstrating its effectiveness in predicting the postoperative FN function in VS patients. Our proposed automatic method has the potential to become a valuable decision-making tool in neurosurgery, assisting neurosurgeons in making more informed decisions regarding surgical interventions and improving the treatment of VS patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":"574 ","pages":"Pages 124-137"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143824338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"p53 inhibition during audiogenic kindling in Krushinsky-Molodkina rats attenuates seizure severity and prevents neurodegeneration in the hippocampus","authors":"Alexey A. Kulikov ,&nbsp;Alexandra A. Naumova ,&nbsp;Yulia O. Sokolova,&nbsp;Andrey A. Suponin,&nbsp;Konstantin A. Krasnov,&nbsp;Svetlana D. Nikolaeva,&nbsp;Elena V. Chernigovskaya,&nbsp;Elena D. Bazhanova,&nbsp;Margarita V. Glazova","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.04.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.04.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present study, we analyzed the effects of the p53 inhibitor pifithrin-α (PFT) on the expression of brainstem audiogenic seizures (AGS) and limbic seizures in Krushinsky-Molodkina (KM) rats genetically prone to AGS. To reproduce limbic/mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE)-like condition in KM rats, we used repetitive AGS stimulations (audiogenic kindling) during 14 days. In parallel with AGS stimulations, KM rats received daily intraperitoneal injections of PFT. Our data demonstrated that PFT treatment significantly decreased the duration and severity of both brainstem AGS and limbic seizures. In addition, PFT partially prevented the kindling-induced neurodegeneration and activation of apoptotic mechanisms in the hippocampus of KM rats. Moreover, PFT treatment led to the persistent upregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, along with GluA2 and GluN2A, glutamate receptor subunits which are involved into the mechanisms supporting cell survival and preventing neuronal hyperexcitability. Altogether, our data confirm that p53 can be considered as a perspective target for the development of novel strategies to mitigate seizure activity and avert its deleterious consequences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":"574 ","pages":"Pages 138-151"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143824339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}