Neurological Research最新文献

{"title":"Pattern of anti-seizure medications and predictors of depression in people with epilepsy.","authors":"Ogunjimi Luqman, Ogunjimi Olabisi, Alabi Akinyinka, Aderinola Aderonke, Murtala Akanji, Oyenuga Ibironke, Kasumu Emmanuel, Alli Khadijat, Fagbemi Ayotomiwa, Akindolani Precious, Akinbodu Shittabey, Ottun Kofoworola, Adeyemo Stella, Johnson Deborah, Oluseyije Oluwatobiloba, Kasali Adeola, Osalusi Bamidele, Fehintola Fatai","doi":"10.1080/01616412.2025.2571953","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01616412.2025.2571953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Method: </strong>This cross-sectional study recruited 940 PWE attending outpatient clinics of selected tertiary hospitals in southwestern Nigeria, with diagnosis confirmed clinically and supported by electroencephalography (EEG), aged ≥15 years, with no history of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. Zung Self-Rating Depression Score (ZSRDS) was used to assess depression, and Liverpool Adverse Event Profile (LAEP) was used to assess the adverse effects of ASM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of depression was 44.5%. In multivariable logistic regression, independent predictors of depression included younger age (OR 0.94, <i>p</i> < 0.001), higher age of seizure onset (OR 1.09, <i>p</i> < 0.05), seizure duration < 2 years (OR 1.76, <i>p</i> = 0.032), lower mean LAEP score (OR 0.90, <i>p</i> < 0.001), not being on an ASM (OR 2.12, <i>p</i> = 0.001), and ASM duration < 2 years (OR 4.15, <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While depression is prevalent among PWE, adverse events, non-use of ASM, and duration of ASM use were among the predictors of depression. Health care providers should work towards preventing adverse events and achieving early seizure control with appropriate pharmacotherapeutic intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":19131,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Research","volume":" ","pages":"1501-1511"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145244998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic value of a composite NLR-PLR index for neurological recovery after EVT in AIS-LVO patients.","authors":"Weiye Wang, Shenlong Liu, Yazhao Sun, Xiao Yu, Wenfang Hu, Tianci Liang","doi":"10.1080/01616412.2025.2569614","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01616412.2025.2569614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To evaluate whether a combined neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) index enhances the prediction of short-term functional outcomes in patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion (AIS-LVO) undergoing endovascular therapy (EVT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively enrolled 259 AIS-LVO patients who underwent EVT between September 2022 and September 2024. NLR and PLR were dichotomized using optimal ROC-derived cutoff values (NLR > 4.783, PLR > 185.931) and assigned binary scores. These were summed to construct a composite index ranging from 0 to 2, and patients were grouped into Y1-Y4 categories. The primary outcome was 90-day functional outcome, measured by modified Rankin Scale (mRS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The combined index outperformed NLR or PLR alone in predicting 90-day outcomes (AUC = 0.676). Patients in Y4 (both high NLR and PLR) had the highest rate of unfavorable outcomes, while Y1 (both low) had the lowest. Logistic regression confirmed independent associations of both NLR and PLR with prognosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A composite NLR-PLR index may help to stratify short-term functional prognosis in AIS-LVO patients after EVT, potentially supporting individualized risk assessment in clinical settings.The combined index formed by NLR and PLR groups may provide an improved prediction of short-term functional outcomes for AIS-LVO patients after thrombectomy. Stratification by Y1-Y4 groupings enables clinicians to identify high-risk patients more precisely and tailor early interventions accordingly.</p>","PeriodicalId":19131,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Research","volume":" ","pages":"1456-1466"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145239286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of different surgical modes on coagulation and fibrinolysis system in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.","authors":"Ying Yuan, Miaojing Wu, Senlin Du, Li Yu","doi":"10.1080/01616412.2026.2739265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01616412.2026.2739265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the effects of different surgical methods on the coagulation and fibrinolysis systems of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective case-control study was employed, in 276 patients with aSAH. Patients were non-randomly assigned according to treatment methods: craniotomy clipping surgery, coil embolization and stent assisted coil surgery. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was used to assess neurological function at discharge, and Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was applied to evaluate neurological function prognosis at 12 months postoperatively. Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation. Holm Bonferroni method was used to correct for multiple comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>longer PT and APTT with higher D-dimer levels were observed in the stent assisted coil embolization group than the craniotomy clipping group and coil embolization group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The FIB level in the craniotomy clipping group was significantly lower than that in the stent assisted coil embolization group and the coil embolization group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that postoperative PT, TT, APTT, INR, D-D levels were negatively correlated with GCS scores, but positively correlated with mRS scores (<i>p</i> < 0.05); FIB and PLT levels were positively correlated with GCS scores, but negatively correlated with mRS scores (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The postoperative PT, APTT prolongation and D-dimer elevation were most significant in the craniotomy clipping group. Perioperative coagulation function monitoring has clinical value for aSAH patients. The above differences may be related to the degree of surgical trauma, antithrombotic treatment regimen, and the combined effect of inflammatory response. Their specific mechanisms need further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":19131,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149112640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CYP2C19 loss-of-function alleles and early neurological deterioration in minor ischemic stroke receiving dual antiplatelet therapy.","authors":"Run-Hao Jiang, Li-Dong Ding, Jun Wang, Fan Liang, Guang-Zhan Li, Yeerkebayi Ashabaiyi, Sheng Liu","doi":"10.1080/01616412.2026.2741664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01616412.2026.2741664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Early neurological deterioration (END) is a common complication after acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin and clopidogrel is widely used in selected patients with minor ischemic stroke (MIS) to reduce early recurrent ischemic events. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of END in patients with MIS receiving DAPT and explore factors associated with END.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a single-center retrospective cohort study including consecutive cases of MIS treated with DAPT. END was defined as an increase of ≥2 points in the NIHSS score from baseline within 24 h of admission. Demographic information, vascular risk factors, imaging findings, and relevant laboratory parameters were systematically reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 118 patients were enrolled in the study, and 16 patients (13.6%) developed END. CYP2C19 loss-of-function (LOF) allele carriers (OR 11.05, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and patients with diabetes mellitus (OR 4.08, <i>p</i> = 0.024) were at increased risk of END, and END was associated with substantially poorer functional outcomes at 90 days (mRS 0-2 75% vs. 95.1%, <i>p</i> = 0.019).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>END is common among patients with MIS and is associated with poorer 90-day functional outcomes. CYP2C19 LOF carrier status may be associated with an increased risk of END among patients with MIS receiving aspirin plus clopidogrel DAPT.</p>","PeriodicalId":19131,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149075254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who answers for the machine? the ethics of AI in medical writing.","authors":"Finn McCarthy, Satheeshram Tamilselvan, Ali Alaraj","doi":"10.1080/01616412.2026.2740660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01616412.2026.2740660","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19131,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149075327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'Development and evaluation of naringin-loaded phytosomes for the management of diabetic neuropathy: in vitro and in vivo studies'.","authors":"Yogesh S Ahire, Archana R Pathe, Tushar D Mahajan, Swapnil B Jadhav, Deepak B Somvanshi, Sandip B Ahire, Ashish Y Pawar, Vinod A Bairagi, Parag A Pathade","doi":"10.1080/01616412.2026.2729705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01616412.2026.2729705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Diabetic neuropathy (DN), a common complication of type 2 diabetes, is associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and persistent hyperglycemia. Naringin, a flavonoid with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, is limited by poor bioavailability. This study aimed to develop and optimize a naringin-loaded phytosomal formulation to enhance bioavailability and evaluate its efficacy in DN.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Naringin-loaded phytosomes were prepared and optimized using a Box-Behnken design to achieve high entrapment efficiency, favorable particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential. In silico docking assessed binding with PPAR-γ, α-glycosidase, AMPK, NF-κB, and Nrf2. Ex vivo intestinal permeability studies evaluated absorption. In vivo efficacy was tested in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by assessing pain thresholds, biochemical parameters, antioxidant enzyme activities, TNF-α levels, and gastric emptying time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The optimized formulation showed 93% entrapment efficiency, desirable particle size, low PDI, stable zeta potential, and enhanced permeability. Docking confirmed strong binding to molecular targets regulating glucose metabolism and oxidative stress. In vivo, naringin phytosomes significantly improved pain thresholds, reduced glucose and lipid levels, increased antioxidant enzyme activities, decreased TNF-α, and improved delayed gastric emptying compared to plain naringin.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Phytosomal delivery markedly enhanced naringin's bioavailability and therapeutic potential in DN, likely due to improved uptake and multi-targeted action. These findings support naringin phytosomes as a promising candidate for DN management, meriting further clinical evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19131,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149062942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silent aspiration and swallowing safety impairment after insular glioma surgery: a prospective FEES-based study.","authors":"Jakhongirmirzo Yoldoshev, Kashif Qureshi, Uygun Altibayev, Gayrat Kariev, Sura Ali Majeed, Murtaja Satea, Khumayro Amini, Bipin Chaurasia, Alvaro Campero, Khaled Fares AlAli, Abhidha Shah","doi":"10.1080/01616412.2026.2739317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01616412.2026.2739317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postoperative swallowing safety disturbances after insular glioma surgery remain insufficiently characterized, despite the insula's important role in laryngopharyngeal sensorimotor integration, swallowing modulation, and airway-protective responses.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To characterize FEES-based swallowing safety impairment after insular glioma resection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective single-center observational study included 48 consecutive patients who underwent resection of insular gliomas. FEES was performed preoperatively and on postoperative days 3 and 7 in all patients, and additionally at 4 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months in patients with postoperative abnormalities. Silent aspiration was assessed using the Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS), pharyngeal residue using the Yale Pharyngeal Residue Severity Rating Scale (YPRSRS), and secretion management using the Murray Secretion Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Postoperative FEES abnormalities were most pronounced on postoperative day 3 and included penetration, aspiration, silent aspiration, pharyngeal residue, and impaired secretion management. In exploratory subgroup analyses, swallowing safety disturbances appeared more frequent in patients with motor deficits, aphasia, dominant-hemisphere tumors, medial or multilobar extension, and transcortical/combined approaches. Respiratory complications occurred in 8 patients (16.7%) and were associated with silent aspiration and impaired secretion management.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Silent aspiration and swallowing safety impairment are clinically relevant and underrecognized postoperative abnormalities after insular glioma surgery. These disturbances are most pronounced in the early postoperative period, usually regress during follow-up, but may persist in selected high-risk patients. The findings support consideration of early, structured FEES-based postoperative assessment to detect clinically occult swallowing safety abnormalities; because this observational design cannot establish that routine FEES improves clinical outcomes, prospective outcome-based studies are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":19131,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149062900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The C-FLOW study: catheter-induced changes in flow dynamics in thromboaspiration.","authors":"João André Sousa, Thinesh Sivapatham, Johanna M Ospel, Eef Hendriks, Pascal J Mosimann, Charles Matouk, Marios-Nikos Psychogios, Vitor Mendes Pereira, David Volders","doi":"10.1080/01616412.2026.2733670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01616412.2026.2733670","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Super large-bore 0.088\" aspiration catheters (SLAC) are increasingly used for endovascular stroke treatment. Prior in-vitro studies suggest that maximizing the catheter-to-vessel ratio improves distal flow control and may reduce distal embolization. However, the hemodynamic consequences of catheter insertion - particularly changes in local flow velocity - are unknown. We evaluated the relationship between catheter size, volumetric flow, and tip velocity using controlled bench-top models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two flow systems were built: Setup #1 with a single-path taper and Setup #2 with a proximal bypass simulating collaterals. Four catheters (Zoom 88, Sofia 88, HiPoint 88, RED 72) were tested. Flow was recorded under open and catheter-in-place conditions. Volumetric flow was measured downstream across five runs per configuration, and catheter tip velocity was calculated from flow and effective annular area.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In Setup #1, SLAC produced modest reductions in volumetric flow (-4.5% to -6.1%), while RED 72 reduced flow by -3.2%. Despite these limited flow changes, calculated tip velocities increased markedly with the larger catheters: HiPoint 88 + 573%, Zoom 88 + 488%, Sofia 88 + 434%, compared with +102% for RED 72. In Setup #2 SLAC caused substantial reductions in volumetric flow (-55.2% to -58.6%), whereas RED 72 reduced flow by -18.5%. Velocity amplification remained disproportionate: HiPoint 88 + 197%, Zoom 88 + 159%, Sofia 88 + 151%, versus +70% for RED 72.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In an experimental model, SLAC produce modest reductions in bulk flow but generate marked increases in the local estimated mean annular velocity at the catheter tip. Future translational and clinical studies should confirm and investigate potential implications of these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19131,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149017605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transradial versus transfemoral access for diagnostic cerebral angiography: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 32 studies.","authors":"Aleena Amir Malik, Goodluck Oparaugo, Sajjad Khan, Gaaitri Lohano, Renat Garifullin, Yashfa Asad, Madyana Abdul Rehman, Tooba Ikram Qazi, Faiz Un Nisa, Rehmat Maheen, Rozeen, Adnan Memon, Aroona Devi, Iqra Murtaza, Misbah Parwaiz, Muhammad Huzaifa Khattak, Bilal Wazir Khan","doi":"10.1080/01616412.2026.2733683","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01616412.2026.2733683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the safety, efficacy, and patient-centered outcomes of transradial access (TRA) versus transfemoral access (TFA) in patients undergoing diagnostic cerebral angiography.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Embase, and Scopus were searched from inception through April 2026. RCTs and observational studies comparing TRA with TFA for diagnostic cerebral angiography were included. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed using risk ratios (RRs) for dichotomous outcomes and standardized mean differences (SMDs) for continuous outcomes with 95% confidence intervals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-two studies (18,953 patients) were included. TRA showed significantly lower total complications (RR 0.63,95% CI 0.43-0.93; <i>p</i> = 0.02), fewer minor complications (RR 0.39,95% CI 0.22-0.68;<i>p</i> = 0.0009), shorter hospital stay (SMD -0.78,95% CI - 1.50 to -0.07;<i>p</i> = 0.03), and reduced immobilization time (SMD -5.81,95% CI - 7.66 to -3.96; <i>p</i> < 0.01); major complications were comparable between groups (RR 0.27; <i>p</i> = 0.24). Overall diagnostic success was similar (RR 0.98,95% CI 0.96-1.00; <i>p</i> = 0.11), though RCTs alone showed significantly lower diagnostic success with TRA (RR 0.96,95% CI 0.93-0.99; <i>p</i> = 0.008). Crossover rates were significantly higher with TRA (RR 3.19,95% CI 1.62-6.28; <i>p</i> = 0.0008). Procedural duration, fluoroscopy time, contrast utilization, and radiation exposure did not differ significantly between groups (<i>p</i> = 0.20-0.89). Radial artery occlusion did not differ significantly between groups (RR 10.93,95% CI 0.50-236.74; <i>p</i> = 0.13).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>TRA was associated with fewer complications and faster post-procedural recovery while maintaining broadly comparable overall procedural outcomes. However, the higher crossover rate and modestly lower diagnostic success observed in randomized studies highlight important technical limitations. TRA should therefore be considered a reasonable alternative to TFA, with patient selection, operator experience, and institutional expertise influencing procedural success.</p>","PeriodicalId":19131,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural abnormalities in gray matter, white matter, and cerebrospinal fluid in parkinson's disease: a voxel-based morphometry study.","authors":"Yetong Shi, Yan Zhang, Yunhe Zhang, Yuzhang Wu, Xin Liu, Keke Feng, Yifeng Cheng, Shaoya Yin","doi":"10.1080/01616412.2026.2733676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01616412.2026.2733676","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting multiple brain systems, yet whole-brain structural changes remain incompletely characterized. We used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to systematically quantify gray matter (GM), white matter (WM), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume alterations in PD and explore their potential clinical significance for deep brain stimulation (DBS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>High-resolution T1-weighted MRI scans were acquired from 200 PD patients and 176 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. VBM analysis was performed using SPM12/CAT12, with age, sex, and total intracranial volume as covariates. Statistical threshold was set at voxel-level <i>p</i> < 0.001, cluster-level family-wise error-corrected <i>p</i> < 0.05, with a cluster extent ≥ 100 voxels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with controls, PD patients showed significant GM and WM volume reductions (both <i>p</i> < 0.001) and CSF volume increase (<i>p</i> < 0.001). GM atrophy was observed in the olfactory cortex, caudate nucleus, precentral gyrus, and supplementary motor area, while bilateral putamen and ventral posterolateral thalamus showed GM volume increase. WM atrophy was distributed in brain regions anatomically corresponding to key tracts of the sensorimotor network, default mode network, and dorsal attention network.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PD patients demonstrate global GM and WM atrophy with increased CSF volume, a bidirectional pattern of coexisting GM reduction and increase, and widespread WM atrophy across multiple functional networks, providing macrostructural imaging evidence for understanding PD clinical heterogeneity. The potential utility of these structural features for preoperative DBS assessment remains purely theoretical and requires prospective validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19131,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148969839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}