Neurological Research最新文献

{"title":"<i>APOE</i>-mediated associations of promoter variants of <i>GRIN1</i> and <i>GRIN2B</i> with behavioral symptoms and age at onset of Alzheimer's disease dementia.","authors":"Fabricio Ferreira de Oliveira, Thais Emanuele de Almeida, Alessandra Felix Cardoso, Tathyane Chaves Faria, Guilherme Sampaio Souza, Sandro Soares de Almeida, Diego Robles Mazzotti, Elizabeth Suchi Chen, Marilia Cardoso Smith, Paulo Henrique Ferreira Bertolucci","doi":"10.1080/01616412.2025.2511095","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01616412.2025.2511095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine associations of alleles of rs11146020 (<i>GRIN1</i>) and rs3764028 (<i>GRIN2B</i>), encoding subunits of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, with the age at Alzheimer's disease dementia onset and with behavioral symptoms in each dementia stage, mediated by <i>APOE</i> (apolipoprotein E gene) ε4 carriership.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study involving consecutive outpatients with Alzheimer's disease dementia assessed for demographic features, Clinical Dementia Rating, and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, genotyped for rs7412 and rs429358 (<i>APOE</i>, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reactions), rs11146020 and rs3764028 (Polymerase Chain Reactions). Genetic variants were associated with the age at dementia onset, and with behavioral symptoms at each dementia stage (adjusted for sex, age at dementia onset, and psychotropic drug therapy).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Considering 210 patients: 68.1% were women, 52.4% were <i>APOE</i>-ε4 carriers, all single nucleotide polymorphisms in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. <i>APOE</i>-ε4/ε4 carriers had earlier dementia onset, as well as carriers of rs11146020-G or rs3764028-C, particularly when they were <i>APOE</i>-ε4 non-carriers, <i>p</i> < 0.001. Mildly impaired rs11146020-G carriers had less aberrant motor behavior when they were <i>APOE</i>-ε4 carriers (<i>p</i> = 0.044). For moderately impaired rs3764028-A carriers, <i>APOE</i>-ε4 carriers had higher Neuropsychiatric Inventory total scores (<i>p</i> = 0.001), while <i>APOE</i>-ε4 non-carriers had more delusions (<i>p</i> = 0.003). Still in moderate dementia, rs11146020-C carriers had more aberrant motor behavior when they were <i>APOE</i>-ε4 carriers (<i>p</i> = 0.032), and rs11146020-G carriers had less apathy (<i>p</i> = 0.039) and more disinhibition (<i>p</i> = 0.032) when they were <i>APOE</i>-ε4 carriers. No associations survived corrections for false discovery rates in severe dementia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Alleles rs11146020-G and rs3764028-C lead to earlier dementia onset with a mostly milder disease course while softening the behavioral burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":19131,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Research","volume":" ","pages":"1013-1022"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pursuing the impact of headaches in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Hüseyin Nezih Özdemir, Damla Kavalcı, Figen Gökçay, Neşe Çelebisoy","doi":"10.1080/01616412.2025.2508864","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01616412.2025.2508864","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Persistent headaches have been reported in a significant percentage of patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). This study aimed to evaluate possible factors underlying post-IIH headache.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>IIH patients were evaluated for demographic and clinical features, along with the Headache Impact Test (HIT-6) and Migraine Disability Assessment Scale (MIDAS) questionnaires to assess headache-related impact and disability. Features noted at the initial visit were compared with those at follow-up after resolution of papilledema.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 91 patients included, 92.3% reported headaches at the initial visit, with 73.8% having headaches consistent with migraine. After resolution of papilledema, 54.9% continued to report headaches. Median HIT-6 and MIDAS scores at follow-up were significantly lower than at the first visit (<i>p</i> < 0.001 for both). On univariate regression analysis, none of the demographic or clinical features investigated, including CSF opening pressure, were associated with post-resolution headaches (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Higher HIT-6 and MIDAS scores at the first visit were associated with higher scores at follow-up (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Cerebrospinal fluid opening pressure was not linked to the presence or impact of post-resolution headaches (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Prior to IIH, 73.6% of patients reported headaches, with 73.1% of these consistent with migraine. Prior migraine was associated with higher HIT-6 and MIDAS scores at the initial visit (<i>p</i> = 0.02 and <i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Migraine headaches before IIH diagnosis are associated with more severe and disabling headaches initially. Higher initial HIT-6 or MIDAS scores predict increased disability post-resolution. Headache-specific treatments should be further explored in patients with IIH.</p>","PeriodicalId":19131,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Research","volume":" ","pages":"932-940"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144120279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EphB receptors modulate neuropathic pain via Ca²⁺/calpain/autophagy in spinal cord of mice.","authors":"Ting Zhang, Kai Sun, Xiang Huan, Liwei Wang","doi":"10.1080/01616412.2025.2508861","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01616412.2025.2508861","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The EphB receptors play an important role in regulation of neuropathic pain. This study aimed to investigate the role of EphB receptors in the spinal cord of CCI mice. BACKGROUND: Previous studies have found that the EphB receptors were upregulated in the spinal cord of bone cancer pain rats, and activation or inhibition of EphB receptors regulated pain behaviors of rats. However, the specific mechanism involved is not clear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Normal mice were injected with ephrinB2-Fc intrathecally to activate EphB receptors, and changes in pain behavior and spinal cord calpain activity were detected. Intrathecal injection of EphB2-Fc and AAV-shEphB2 in CCI mice inhibits EphBs, and changes in mouse behavior and spinal cord calpain activity are detected. Intraperitoneal injection of calpain inhibitor MDL-28170 was used to detect the effect of ephrinB2 Fc on mouse behavior. After inhibiting EphBs receptor and calpain activity in CCI mice, changes in spinal Ca²⁺- dependent p-ERK and p-CaMKII, autophagy, and inflammation related factors were detected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Spinal cord activation of EphBs induced pain hyperalgesia and calpain activation in normal mice, while inhibition of EphBs alleviated pain hyperalgesia and calpain activation in CCI mice. Intraperitoneal injection of calpain inhibitor MDL-28170 alleviated pain hypersensitivity induced by ephrinB2 Fc. Inhibiting calpain or EphBs suppressed the expression of spinal Ca²⁺- dependent p-ERK and p-CaMKII, promoted spinal autophagy, reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-1 β, TNF - α, and promotes IL-10 expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, EphBs regulate neuropathic pain through neuroinflammation and autophagy by Ca²⁺/calpain/autophagy pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":19131,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Research","volume":" ","pages":"919-931"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144128359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the combined utility of S100B, GFAP, and IL-6 in predicting long-term cognitive impairment in survivors of sepsis.","authors":"Zigui Zhu, Chengjian He, Hongyi Yao, Guqing Liao, Yanqing Gan, Lipu Deng","doi":"10.1080/01616412.2025.2511084","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01616412.2025.2511084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The main purpose of this study was to comprehensively investigate the combined utility of S100B, GFAP, and IL-6 as predictors of long-term cognitive impairment in sepsis survivors. Specifically, we aimed to determine whether these biomarkers, either individually or in combination, could effectively predict the occurrence of long-term cognitive impairment in this patient population, and to explore their potential as valuable clinical tools for early detection and intervention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study enrolled 114 sepsis patients. Patients were divided into non-cognitive impairment and cognitive impairment groups. Serum biomarker levels were compared, and correlations between biomarkers and cognitive impairment were explored. ROC analysis evaluated the predictive value of S100B, GFAP, and IL-6 levels, and the combined diagnosis of the three biomarkers was studied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The non-cognitive impairment group had a younger age, higher education level, employment rate, married rate, and presence of family members (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed positive correlations between cognitive impairment and CRP, IL-10, S100B, GFAP, and IL-6 (<i>p</i> < 0.05). AUC values of S100B, GFAP, and IL-6 were 0.792, 0.752, and 0.732, respectively, indicating significant predictive value for cognitive impairment. Combined prediction using the three biomarkers had an AUC value of 0.887, with a specificity of 88% and sensitivity of 89%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Long-term cognitive impairment in sepsis survivors is influenced by various cytokines. Significant differences were found in biomarker levels between non-cognitive impairment and cognitive impairment groups. The combined utility of S100B, GFAP, and IL-6 showed significant predictive value for cognitive impairment in survivors of sepsis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19131,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Research","volume":" ","pages":"981-990"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144160644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interventions promoting remyelination in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review of clinical trials.","authors":"Houssein Makhzoum, Rania El Majzoub, Ali Ismail, Mariam Kassem, Jana Kotaich, Bahia Chahine","doi":"10.1080/01616412.2025.2507756","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01616412.2025.2507756","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by demyelination and axonal damage. Current therapies primarily manage symptoms and slow disease progression but do not achieve remyelination. This systematic review evaluates the efficacy and safety of remyelination-promoting interventions in MS, focusing on clinical trials utilizing outcome measures validated in prior studies as indicators of remyelination.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library was conducted in May 2024. Clinical trials assessing interventions with potential remyelinating properties were included. Data extraction followed standardized forms, and study quality was evaluated using ROBINS-I for non-randomized trials and RoB 2.0 for RCTs. Remyelination was assessed using Magnetization Transfer Ratio (MTR), Visual Evoked Potentials (VEPs), Myelin Water Fraction (MWF), Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI), and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1,615 screened records, 25 studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Across the 3341 participants, 17 interventions were evaluated. Most studies demonstrated a moderate risk of bias, yet all interventions, except one, were generally safe and well tolerated. Notably, rHIgM22, L-T3, opicinumab, clemastine fumarate, phenonytoin, domperidone, GSK239512, human fetal neural precursor cells (hfNPCs), and low-intensity repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (LI-rTMS) exhibited remyelination potential. Additionally, disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) such as Ocrelizumab, Fingolimod, and Natalizumab showed promising effects.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Although several interventions demonstrated remyelination potential, limitations such as small sample sizes, short follow-up periods, and lack of standardized clinical endpoints validating remyelination's functional impact, highlight the need for robust clinical trial designs, advanced biomarkers, and combination therapies integrating remyelination, neuroprotection, and immunomodulation to improve MS treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19131,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Research","volume":" ","pages":"901-918"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144111463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A meta-analysis of percutaneous endoscopic discectomy and microdiscectomy for lumbar disc herniation: assessing surgical efficacy and clinical outcomes.","authors":"Ahmed M Taha, Awad Hegab, Mohammed Yousef, Marwan Abdelhakam, Shaimaa Ahmed Dahshan","doi":"10.1080/01616412.2025.2511086","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01616412.2025.2511086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lumbar disc herniation is one of the commonest conditions affecting the lumbar spine, with disc fragments migrating in 35-72% of patients. It can be treated with either microdiscectomy or percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) surgeries.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We searched these databases; Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and SCOPUS. Overall, 26 studies, both randomized controlled trials and observational studies, were included. We analyzed different efficacy, safety, and functional outcomes including operation time, estimated blood loss (EBL), length of hospital stay, return to work period, pain scores, functional outcomes (Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) index, MacNab classification), and rates of complications, recurrence, and reoperation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results revealed that PELD was superior to MD in different studied outcomes including operation times (mean difference (MD) = -7.97 minutes, <i>p</i> = 0.004), I2 = 69%, return to work (MD = -3.21 weeks, <i>p</i> = 0.001), I2 = 52%, complication rates (OR = 0.70, <i>p</i> = 0.02), I2 = 23%, back pain (OR = -0.30, <i>p</i> = 0.001), and ODI scores (MD = -1.64%, <i>p</i> = 0.002). Both cohorts showed similar outcomes for leg pain (<i>p</i> = 0.31) and recurrence rates (<i>p</i> = 0.87). The rates of reoperation were higher in the PELD cohort compared to MD (OR = 1.47, <i>p</i> = 0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PELD had better results than the MD group in most of our efficacy, safety, and clinical outcomes including ODI score, surgical time, blood loss, overall complications, and hospital stay while being comparable in the rest of the parameters assessed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19131,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Research","volume":" ","pages":"997-1012"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraprocedural cangrelor during mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis.","authors":"João Vitor Andrade Fernandes, João Victor de Oliveira Ramos, Maurus Marques de Almeida Holanda","doi":"10.1080/01616412.2025.2568032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01616412.2025.2568032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravenous cangrelor administered during mechanical thrombectomy in patients with acute ischemic stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic review and one-arm meta-analysis of prospective or retrospective studies reporting clinical or procedural outcomes after intraprocedural cangrelor use in adults undergoing thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke. Pooled event rates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model. Leave-one-out sensitivity analyses were performed for all outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five studies including 131 patients were analyzed. The pooled rate of favorable functional outcome at 90 days (mRS 0-2) was 0.525 (95% CI: 0.286-0.753; I² = 68.9%); sensitivity analysis showed stable estimates (range: 0.448-0.578). Successful reperfusion was achieved in 96.8% (95% CI: 0.894-0.991; I² = 0%), with robust findings across all scenarios (range: 0.962-0.980). Hemorrhagic transformation occurred in 26.6% (95% CI: 0.168-0.395), and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage in 9.4% (95% CI: 0.049-0.173), both with low-to-null heterogeneity. In-stent thrombosis and thromboembolic events were rare, with pooled rates of 2.0% (95% CI: 0.006-0.067) and 3.8% (95% CI: 0.014-0.098), respectively. Gastrointestinal bleeding and retroperitoneal hematoma were not observed, though the pooled rate for each remained at 2.0%. Ninety-day mortality was 30.9% (95% CI: 0.179-0.480), with consistent estimates across leave-one-out analyses (range: 0.234-0.362).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cangrelor appears to be a safe and effective intraprocedural antiplatelet agent during mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":19131,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145200449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of sodium imbalance and seizure on hippocampal damage in rats.","authors":"Seren Gülşen Gürgen, Beril Dilber, Özgül Balcı, Ali Cansu","doi":"10.1080/01616412.2025.2566229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01616412.2025.2566229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Hyponatremia is a frequent electrolyte disturbance that increases seizure susceptibility and may aggravate neuronal injury. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophin critical for hippocampal function, yet the relationship between hyponatremia, seizures, and hippocampal BDNF expression remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of acute and chronic hyponatremia, with and without seizures, on hippocampal integrity in rats using immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-two male Wistar Albino rats were randomly assigned to six groups (<i>n</i> = 7/group): acute hyponatremia, acute hyponatremia + seizures, chronic hyponatremia, chronic hyponatremia + seizures, normonatremic controls, and normonatremic controls + seizures. Hyponatremia was induced by vasopressin and glucose water administration, and seizures were triggered with kainic acid. Plasma sodium levels, seizure onset/duration, BDNF expression, and ultrastructural damage were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Plasma sodium concentrations were significantly reduced in hyponatremic groups compared with controls (acute: 126.1 ± 3.8; chronic: 121.8 ± 4.3; normonatremic: 135.5 ± 2.3 mEq/L; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Seizures were longer and more severe in chronic hyponatremia + seizure rats compared with acute hyponatremia + seizure rats (<i>p</i> < 0.001). BDNF expression was significantly decreased in both acute and chronic hyponatremia groups relative to controls, with the lowest values in chronic hyponatremia + seizure rats (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Electron microscopy revealed marked ultrastructural injury, including myelin detachment, mitochondrial swelling, and vacuolization, most pronounced in chronic hyponatremia + seizure animals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Hyponatremia, particularly in its chronic form, exacerbates seizure-induced hippocampal injury, reflected by reduced BDNF expression and severe ultrastructural damage. These findings provide novel preclinical evidence linking sodium imbalance to hippocampal vulnerability and highlight the need for further mechanistic and translational studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19131,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145186562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NLRX1 orchestrates neuronal mitophagy in Alzheimer's Disease: a mechanistic exploration.","authors":"Baoying Qiu, Jiajun He, Shu Li, Qiaoling Wang, Wenhua Feng, Xiaotong Yu, Yuanyuan Jia, Shuyu Liu, Dijin Jiao, Ling Xie","doi":"10.1080/01616412.2025.2566230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01616412.2025.2566230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mitophagy dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) accelerates disease progression, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic targets. Although Nucleotide oligomerization domain - like receptor X1 (NLRX1) regulates mitophagy, its role in AD remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate NLRX1's function in AD - associated mitophagy and its therapeutic potential.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>APP/PS1 transgenic mice and N2A - SW cells were used to establish AD models. Behavioral assays evaluated cognitive function in APP/PS1 mice, while transmission electron microscopy examined mitochondrial morphology. ELISA measured β - amyloid (Aβ)1-42 levels, and RT - qPCR and Western blot analyzed NLRX1 and mitophagy - related proteins after manipulating NLRX1 expression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>APP/PS1 mice had cognitive impairment, elevated Aβ1-42, and abnormal mitochondrial morphology, with reduced NLRX1 expression. NLRX1 - RNAi worsened mitochondrial function, increased Aβ1-42 and mitochondrial ROS, decreased the LC3B - II/I ratio, and upregulated Cyt - C, HSP60, and TIM23, while NLRX1 overexpression alleviated these effects. Co-immunoprecipitation confirmed NLRX1's interaction with key mitophagy protein.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NLRX1 is a key regulator of neuronal mitophagy in AD, and its downregulation impairs mitophagy, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target.</p>","PeriodicalId":19131,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145177016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical evacuation of acute subdural hematomas in patients aged 65 years or older - a bicentric experience.","authors":"Thomas Eibl, Carlos Moreno Beredjiklian, Adrian Liebert, Leonard Ritter, Markus Neher, Michael Schrey, Christoph Schwartz, Christoph J Griessenauer, Karl-Michael Schebesch","doi":"10.1080/01616412.2025.2563212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01616412.2025.2563212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The optimal treatment of elderly patients with acute subdural hematomas (aSDH) remains a subject of ongoing debate. This study aimed to analyze the clinical course of patients aged 65 years or older who underwent craniotomy for aSDH evacuation. Risk factors for poor clinical outcome have not been thoroughly reported in larger cohorts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who underwent craniotomy for acute or subacute subdural hematomas between 2013 and 2022 at two tertiary neurosurgical centers were retrospectively reviewed. Primary outcome measures included in-hospital mortality and clinical outcome, with Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) ≥4 defined as a good outcome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One-hundred-sixty patients (61.3% males) with a mean age of 75.9 ± 6.0 years at surgery were included. In-hospital mortality was 44.4%, 26.3% were discharged with GOS ≥ 4. Risk factors for mortality included midline shift on pre- (<i>p</i> = 0.036) and postoperative computed tomography (CT) scan (<i>p</i> = 0.00042), preoperatively dilated pupils (<i>p</i> = 0.0012), preoperative GCS ≤ 8 (<i>p</i> = 0.010), and the presence of intraparenchymal hemorrhage (<i>p</i> = 0.025). Among patients discharged with GOS < 4, 12 of 35 (34.3%) were able to return to their homes and regained a mostly independent functional status after rehabilitation.A prognostic score comprising age >75 years, midline shift >17.5 mm, parenchymal hemorrhage and dilated pupil was established to predict mortality (AUC = 0.739, 95%CI = 0.661-0.817, <i>p</i> = 0.00000022) and unfavorable outcome at discharge from hospital (AUC = 0.747, 95%CI = 0.666-0.827, <i>p</i> = 0.000002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study demonstrated high morbidity and mortality rates following craniotomy for aSDH evacuation in elderly patients. The extent of intracranial injury emerged as the primary prognostic factor for poor clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19131,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}