Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Perioperative approaches for patients with biliary tract cancer.","authors":"Anudari Zorigtbaatar,Zhihao Li,Christian T J Magyar,Laia Aceituno,Anna Saborowski,Arndt Vogel,Robert C Grant,Grainne M O'Kane,Gonzalo Sapisochin","doi":"10.1038/s41571-026-01130-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41571-026-01130-5","url":null,"abstract":"Biliary tract cancers, encompassing intrahepatic, perihilar and distal cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder cancer, are a heterogeneous group of highly aggressive malignancies. Most patients have unresectable disease at first presentation, and even those who undergo surgery are likely to have disease recurrence. Newer approaches have included liver transplantation for selected patients, and the integration of locoregional and systemic therapies has expanded the number of patients who can benefit from surgery. The advent of immune-checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapies for patients with advanced-stage disease has prompted the exploration of these agents in earlier-stage disease settings. Despite this progress, treatment algorithms remain complex, necessitating a multidisciplinary and individualized approach to patient management. Future research should focus on optimizing patient selection through biomarker-driven strategies, including the integration of molecular profiles to guide the selection of systemic therapy, as well as refining the criteria for surgery and transplantation. These improvements will require global collaboration and novel clinical trial designs. In this Review, we describe evolving perioperative strategies for the management of patients with biliary tract cancers and highlight emerging directions in the field.","PeriodicalId":19079,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":78.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147346374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lisocabtagene maraleucel has high efficacy in R/R MZL","authors":"David Killock","doi":"10.1038/s41571-026-01138-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41571-026-01138-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19079,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology","volume":"23 5","pages":"322-322"},"PeriodicalIF":82.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147346375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab effective in patients with resectable bladder cancer","authors":"Peter Sidaway","doi":"10.1038/s41571-026-01139-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41571-026-01139-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19079,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology","volume":"23 5","pages":"321-321"},"PeriodicalIF":82.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147329233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translating ferroptosis into oncology: challenges, opportunities and future directions","authors":"Rui Kang, Jiao Liu, Jiayi Wang, Guido Kroemer, Daolin Tang","doi":"10.1038/s41571-026-01128-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41571-026-01128-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19079,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":78.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147278622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative approaches for lung cancer screening and interception","authors":"Jianjun Zhang, Matthew D. Park, Tej Pandya, Elaine Shum, Jia Wu, Simon Heeke, Ramin Salehi-Rad, Thomas U. Marron, Zhubo Wei, Hui Li, Torsten G. Blum, John V. Heymach, Steven M. Dubinett, Pan-Chyr Yang, Charles Swanton, Miriam Merad","doi":"10.1038/s41571-026-01131-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41571-026-01131-4","url":null,"abstract":"Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, partly because many patients are diagnosed at late stages, highlighting the urgent need for effective early detection and intervention strategies. Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT)-based screening reduces lung cancer mortality in high-risk populations defined by age and smoking history; however, the uptake of LDCT remains low among eligible individuals. Compounding this issue, modelling studies estimate that nearly half of lung cancers occur in individuals who do not meet eligibility criteria for LDCT-based lung cancer screening under current guidelines. Moreover, LDCT-based screening has inherent limitations, including a high rate of false-positive results that can lead to unnecessary invasive procedures, as well as substantial costs that limit scalability. Major efforts have been made to identify novel biomarkers such as radiomic features and liquid biopsy assays to enhance the accuracy of lung cancer risk prediction. Furthermore, the increasing detection of pulmonary nodules by LDCT or diagnostic CT scans has highlighted the importance of therapeutic interventions that can enable interception of high-risk precancerous nodules and halt their progression to invasive disease. In this Review, we summarize the current state of lung cancer screening, the disparities and infrastructural considerations for optimal implementation, and future directions in the development of biomarkers and design of precancer interception strategies that could transform both lung cancer prevention and early intervention. Effective early detection and intervention strategies for lung cancer are urgently needed. The authors of this Review summarize the current state of lung cancer screening and provide future directions for optimal implementation, including biomarker development. They also discuss precancer interception strategies that could transform both lung cancer prevention and early intervention.","PeriodicalId":19079,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology","volume":"23 5","pages":"374-389"},"PeriodicalIF":82.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147276730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolving roles of liquid biopsy in precision medicine for colorectal cancer: from single-gene analysis to broad genomic profiling","authors":"Giulia Martini, Stefania Napolitano, Davide Ciardiello, Luca Boscolo Bielo, Erika Martinelli, Teresa Troiani, Maria Giulia Zampino, Nicola Fazio, Giuseppe Curigliano, Fortunato Ciardiello","doi":"10.1038/s41571-026-01126-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41571-026-01126-1","url":null,"abstract":"Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous malignancy, with various alterations in molecular signalling pathways driving disease progression and resistance to therapy. Liquid biopsy, as a source of circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA), has been utilized to characterize tumour molecular heterogeneity, facilitating the identification of actionable targets for precision medicine-guided therapies and the detection of emerging genomic drivers of drug resistance in patients with metastatic CRC. In addition, liquid biopsy-based analysis of ctDNA has been validated as a tool for detecting minimal residual disease (MRD) following locoregional treatment in patients with localized colon or rectal cancer, offering improved prognostic stratification and supporting the tailoring of adjuvant systemic therapy. Methodological evolution from PCR analysis of a few known mutations in one gene or a small panel of genes to the assessment of hundreds of genes and pathogenic variants by next-generation sequencing has enabled comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP), thereby improving knowledge of cancer molecular complexity at the individual patient level. In this respect, liquid biopsy-based CGP is an easily repeatable and minimally invasive approach that can provide a dynamic portrait of CRC molecular heterogeneity to guide personalized and adaptive treatment based on biomarkers of response and resistance. In this Review, we discuss current and potential roles of liquid biopsy-based ctDNA analysis in the clinical management of metastatic CRC. We also discuss the evidence supporting implementation of liquid biopsy-based assessment of MRD to refine the management of locoregional CRC and potentially improve cure rates while reducing overtreatment of many patients. Analysis of tumour tissue to guide the clinical management of patients with cancer poses several challenges. This Review outlines the potential of liquid biopsy-based analysis of circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) to address these limitations and thereby improve precision medicine in the context of metastatic colorectal cancer, as well as opportunities to refine the management of locoregional disease using recurrence risk-tailored approaches predicated on ctDNA-based evaluation of minimal residual disease status.","PeriodicalId":19079,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology","volume":"23 5","pages":"356-373"},"PeriodicalIF":82.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146223042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reconsidering adjuvant and perioperative immune-checkpoint inhibition: de-escalation, expansion and personalization","authors":"Douglas B. Johnson, Amin H. Nassar, Ayesha Aijaz, Andrew Knight, Mehmet Murat Zerey, Brian I. Rini, Abdul Rafeh Naqash, Ryan J. Sullivan","doi":"10.1038/s41571-026-01123-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41571-026-01123-4","url":null,"abstract":"Anti-PD-L1 antibodies have transformed cancer treatment and are increasingly being used in patients with early-stage malignancies including in the adjuvant and neoadjuvant settings. In certain cancers, earlier administration of these agents reduces the risk of metastatic disease and might improve overall survival. Thus far, however, overall survival benefits in the adjuvant setting have yet to be clearly demonstrated in all tumour types probably owing to a lack of long-term follow-up and/or the confounding effects of anti-PD-L1 antibody monotherapy and/or combinations in the metastatic setting, in which these agents can also produce durable responses. In this Review, we explore the optimal use of anti-PD-L1 antibodies in the adjuvant and perioperative settings, using examples from melanoma, renal cell carcinoma and non-small-cell lung cancer. We examine de-escalation strategies, including shortening treatment duration or deferring therapy to time of recurrence, at which point anti-PD-L1 antibodies might be more likely to be administered in combination; the expansion of certain specific indications, potentially leading to more effective combinations and/or use in biomarker-defined patients with high-risk early-stage disease; and selecting the most appropriate indication, with emerging data suggesting that neoadjuvant or perioperative use of anti-PD-L1 antibodies might be more effective than adjuvant use in certain cancers, as well as the possibility of personalization of therapy guided by biomarkers such as circulating tumour DNA or other emerging assays. Adjuvant therapy with anti-PD-L1 antibodies and other immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is an established standard of care for many patients with surgically resected solid tumours. Nonetheless, the activity of ICIs and ICI-containing combinations in the metastatic setting as well as the emergence of effective neoadjuvant and perioperative approaches involving these agents is challenging the use of adjuvant therapy. In this Review, the authors consider the role of adjuvant therapy in patients with resected solid tumours, including the potential for personalization based on recurrence risk and/or the presence of specific biomarkers.","PeriodicalId":19079,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology","volume":"23 5","pages":"341-355"},"PeriodicalIF":82.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146220499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repotrectinib is a next-generation TKI for NTRK fusion-positive solid tumours","authors":"Diana Romero","doi":"10.1038/s41571-026-01136-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41571-026-01136-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19079,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology","volume":"23 5","pages":"321-321"},"PeriodicalIF":82.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146210191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CDK4/6 inhibition provides additional efficacy in HER2+, HR+ breast cancer","authors":"David Killock","doi":"10.1038/s41571-026-01133-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41571-026-01133-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19079,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology","volume":"23 4","pages":"232-232"},"PeriodicalIF":82.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146210192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer statistics, 2026: divergent trends and the implementation gap","authors":"Liqun Zhang, Jingdong Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41571-026-01132-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41571-026-01132-3","url":null,"abstract":"New epidemiological data from the American Cancer Society indicate a continued decline in overall cancer mortality in the USA but also reveal alarming countertrends. Rising advanced-stage presentation of prostate cancer, an accelerating incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer, and widening disparities in uterine and lung cancer outcomes underscore that the next frontier in oncology is equitable delivery, not just biological discovery.","PeriodicalId":19079,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology","volume":"23 4","pages":"237-238"},"PeriodicalIF":82.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146207318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}