Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology最新文献

Beyond cold to hot: oncolytic virotherapy as the next cornerstone of immuno-oncology. 从冷到热：溶瘤病毒疗法将成为免疫肿瘤学的下一个基石。

IF 94.6 1区医学

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology Pub Date : 2026-09-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-026-01198-z

William Jia, Ronghua Zhao, Howard L Kaufman, Robert L Martuza

{"title":"Beyond cold to hot: oncolytic virotherapy as the next cornerstone of immuno-oncology.","authors":"William Jia, Ronghua Zhao, Howard L Kaufman, Robert L Martuza","doi":"10.1038/s41571-026-01198-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41571-026-01198-z","url":null,"abstract":"Oncolytic virotherapy has evolved from a platform predicated on lysis of cancer cells into a sophisticated system for intratumoural immune reprogramming; the prevailing 'cold-to-hot' paradigm captures only part of this potential. A fundamental limitation shared by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and early-generation oncolytic viruses (OVs) is a reliance on pre-existing tumour-specific T cells (TSTs), which presents an immunological ceiling that constrains antitumour activity - given that these agents have a limited capacity to generate TSTs de novo. Next-generation OVs overcome this constraint by functioning as agents for antigen-agnostic in situ cancer vaccination: intratumoural infection triggers immunogenic cell death, releasing potentially the full cancer proteome under pathogen-associated and/or damage-associated molecular pattern adjuvant conditions, thereby driving T cell priming against patient-specific neoantigens. In this Perspective, we delineate four pillars for the development of next-generation OVs. First, intratumoural vaccination as immunological ignition, with initial clinical data demonstrating T cell clonotype broadening, abscopal tumour regression and survival benefit in patients with ICI-refractory disease. Second, optimized payload-driven immune priming to hyperactivate antigen-presenting cells. Third, revised efficacy evaluation and end points using response criteria as well as novel biological correlates that better capture delayed and abscopal immune-mediated tumour control. Fourth, OV as the foundational immuno-oncology platform: according to the 'triple-A' framework encompassing admission, availability and activation of TSTs, next-generation, payload-engineered OVs uniquely satisfy all prerequisites for antitumour immunity simultaneously, with evidence from clinical trials of such agents supporting an 'OV-prime, ICI-amplify' strategy. Notably, OVs are systemic immune-reprogramming platforms that are delivered locally, not local therapies with incidental systemic effects.","PeriodicalId":19079,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":94.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148888206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Belzutifan plus lenvatinib delays disease progression in advanced-stage RCC. Belzutifan联合lenvatinib延缓晚期RCC的疾病进展。

IF 94.6 1区医学

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology Pub Date : 2026-08-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-026-01200-8

Peter Sidaway

引用次数: 0

Global cancer statistics 2024: translating epidemiological trends into priorities for healthcare systems. 2024年全球癌症统计：将流行病学趋势转化为卫生保健系统的优先事项。

IF 94.6 1区医学

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology Pub Date : 2026-08-26 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-026-01199-y

Monireh Sadat Seyyedsalehi, Paolo Boffetta

引用次数: 0

Exploring the landscape of targetable alterations in patients with glioblastoma. 探索胶质母细胞瘤患者可靶向改变的前景。

IF 94.6 1区医学

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology Pub Date : 2026-08-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-026-01190-7

Elisa Aquilanti, Mehdi Touat, Pim French, Antonio Iavarone, David Capper, Marjolein Geurts, Rifaquat Rahman, Roel Verhaak, Matthias Preusser, Martin van den Bent, Patrick Y Wen

{"title":"Exploring the landscape of targetable alterations in patients with glioblastoma.","authors":"Elisa Aquilanti, Mehdi Touat, Pim French, Antonio Iavarone, David Capper, Marjolein Geurts, Rifaquat Rahman, Roel Verhaak, Matthias Preusser, Martin van den Bent, Patrick Y Wen","doi":"10.1038/s41571-026-01190-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41571-026-01190-7","url":null,"abstract":"Glioblastomas remain the most lethal primary brain tumour in adults, with targeted therapies delivering only limited benefit despite deep molecular characterization. Several targeted drugs have received regulatory approval for low-grade gliomas, although progress in glioblastomas remains constrained by, among other aspects, extensive intratumoural heterogeneity, pathway redundancy, cellular plasticity and limited drug delivery to the central nervous system. Some of these challenges might be mitigated through strategies that enhance blood-brain penetration, including focused ultrasonography, convection-enhanced delivery, efflux avoidance and chemical modifications. Improved tumour profiling through multiregional sampling, prioritization of truncal dependencies and the development of novel therapeutic modalities, such as antibody-drug conjugates and theranostics, might also further improve outcomes. In this Review, we summarize the therapeutic landscape of targeted therapies in glioblastomas, spanning major target classes including receptor tyrosine kinases, intracellular signalling proteins, cell-cycle dysregulation and synthetic-lethal vulnerabilities. We also examine emerging strategies targeting genome integrity and telomeres, epigenetic modulators, and tumour-neural circuitry. Furthermore, we highlight tumour heterogeneity and extrachromosomal DNA dynamics as key drivers of oncogene amplification and therapeutic resistance as well as the roles of novel clinical trial designs and liquid biopsy-based monitoring strategies. Lastly, we discuss pathway-based glioblastoma classification and master kinase mapping as methods for aligning drugs with functional tumour states.","PeriodicalId":19079,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":94.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148796004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Precision oncology needs precision trial design: lessons from FGFR2-rearranged cholangiocarcinoma. 精确肿瘤学需要精确的试验设计：fgfr2重排胆管癌的经验教训

IF 94.6 1区医学

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology Pub Date : 2026-08-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-026-01194-3

Fen Saj, Lipika Goyal

引用次数: 0

How positive was PROTEUS? Reconsidering success when most patients never reach no evidence of disease. 普罗透斯有多积极？当大多数病人没有患病迹象时，重新考虑是否成功。

IF 94.6 1区医学

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology Pub Date : 2026-08-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-026-01193-4

Daniel E Spratt

引用次数: 0

The proteome comes of age, but precision oncology needs functional maps. 蛋白质组学已经成熟，但精确的肿瘤学需要功能图谱。

IF 94.6 1区医学

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology Pub Date : 2026-08-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-026-01196-1

Emanuel Petricoin, Thomas Conrads, Lance Liotta

引用次数: 0

HCT-ASCT confirmed as standard-of-care consolidation therapy for PCNSL. HCT-ASCT证实为PCNSL的标准治疗巩固疗法。

IF 94.6 1区医学

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology Pub Date : 2026-08-07 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-026-01197-0

David Killock

引用次数: 0

AI-based augmentation of oncology clinical trials. 基于人工智能的肿瘤临床试验增强。

IF 94.6 1区医学

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology Pub Date : 2026-08-07 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-026-01189-0

Andrea Villa, Ashley L Eadie, David Synnott, Rebecca Romanò, Max Piffoux, Evelyn Yi Ting Wong, Naomi Scheinerman, Daniel S W Tan, Filippo Guglielmo Maria de Braud, Miriam Koopman, Jarushka Naidoo, Madhusmita Behera, Selen Bozkurt, Susan Halabi, Rodrigo Dienstmann, Loic Verlingue, Arsela Prelaj, Ravi B Parikh

{"title":"AI-based augmentation of oncology clinical trials.","authors":"Andrea Villa, Ashley L Eadie, David Synnott, Rebecca Romanò, Max Piffoux, Evelyn Yi Ting Wong, Naomi Scheinerman, Daniel S W Tan, Filippo Guglielmo Maria de Braud, Miriam Koopman, Jarushka Naidoo, Madhusmita Behera, Selen Bozkurt, Susan Halabi, Rodrigo Dienstmann, Loic Verlingue, Arsela Prelaj, Ravi B Parikh","doi":"10.1038/s41571-026-01189-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41571-026-01189-0","url":null,"abstract":"Oncology clinical trials are often characterized by slow accrual, high failure rates and limited generalizability, reflecting both biological complexity and operational inefficiencies. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) - enabled by large-scale electronic health record datasets and machine learning methods - offer new opportunities to address these challenges across the clinical trial lifecycle. In this Review, we discuss applications of AI across pre-trial design, trial conduct, and post-trial inference and generalization, highlighting how these tools can improve trial feasibility, support patient engagement and extend the relevance of trial findings. We also address cross-cutting challenges related to equity, data quality and drift, transparency, and regulatory oversight. The most immediate and evidence-supported role of AI in oncology trials lies in augmenting operational workflows under human oversight, particularly in the identification of candidate patients for enrollment, eligibility assessment, data extraction and trial monitoring (including remote patient and/or safety monitoring as well as monitoring of AI model performance and real-time trial data extraction) - applications that are now being implemented at select cancer centres. By contrast, AI applications designed to replace clinical evidence generation, such as synthetic control arms, outcome-prediction simulations and digital twins, remain at earlier stages of development, with limited prospective validation and unresolved methodological and regulatory challenges. Ultimately, we argue that achieving the potential of AI in oncology clinical trials will require rigorous prospective validation, harmonized regulatory standards, and coordination among clinicians, trialists, regulators, industry and patients.","PeriodicalId":19079,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":94.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148689716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Benefit from perioperative enfortumab vedotin-pembrolizumab in cisplatin-eligible MIBC. 顺铂符合条件的MIBC围手术期获益于enfortumab vedotin-pembrolizumab

IF 94.6 1区医学

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology Pub Date : 2026-08-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-026-01195-2

Diana Romero

引用次数: 0