Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology最新文献

An imprecise label in the era of precision medicine: labelling and access for daraxonrasib, the first pan-RAS inhibitor approval. 精准医学时代的不精确标签：首个泛ras抑制剂daraxonrasib的标签和可及性

IF 94.6 1区医学

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology Pub Date : 2026-10-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-026-01216-0

Vivek Subbiah, Razelle Kurzrock

引用次数: 0

A modular framework for antibody-drug conjugate biomarkers. 抗体-药物偶联生物标志物的模块化框架。

IF 94.6 1区医学

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology Pub Date : 2026-10-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-026-01213-3

Jia Liu, Dan-Yun Ruan, Nicholas McNamee, Roger R Reddel, Hao-Xiang Wu, Qi Meng, Rui-Hua Xu, Vivek Subbiah, David L Rimm, Barbara Pistilli

{"title":"A modular framework for antibody-drug conjugate biomarkers.","authors":"Jia Liu, Dan-Yun Ruan, Nicholas McNamee, Roger R Reddel, Hao-Xiang Wu, Qi Meng, Rui-Hua Xu, Vivek Subbiah, David L Rimm, Barbara Pistilli","doi":"10.1038/s41571-026-01213-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41571-026-01213-3","url":null,"abstract":"The availability of approved antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) has rapidly expanded across oncology indications, yet biomarker development remains dominated by semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry. Robust biomarkers are needed to improve patient selection, guide therapeutic sequencing and identify resistance mechanisms that inform rational combinations. ADC activity depends on target antigen expression, linker chemistry and payload characteristics all within the context of the tumour microenvironment. Consequently, treatment response cannot be predicted solely by target expression. A more comprehensive biomarker framework is required that accounts for antigen abundance and accessibility, intracellular trafficking and linker cleavage, and tumour susceptibility to the payload. Furthermore, biomarkers of toxicity have been largely overlooked, even though toxicity can be equally determinant of clinical utility. In this Review, we outline a modular framework for ADC biomarker development organized around these components. We distinguish established evidence from emerging strategies and discuss technologies that could enable assessment of these determinants. We consider how modular biomarkers might inform patient selection, therapeutic sequencing, rational combinations, dose optimization and regulatory strategy while highlighting the various challenges that must be addressed before broad clinical adoption. Harmonized development across trials, tumour types and geographical regions will be essential to move biomarker development beyond empirical target-expression thresholds.","PeriodicalId":19079,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":94.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149148735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Right-sizing treatment for HER2-positive breast cancer: evolving algorithms across the disease continuum. her2阳性乳腺癌的适当治疗：在疾病连续体中不断发展的算法

IF 94.6 1区医学

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology Pub Date : 2026-10-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-026-01211-5

Paolo Tarantino, Carmine Valenza, Elia Segui, Nancy U Lin, Aleix Prat, Giuseppe Curigliano, Adrienne G Waks, Sara M Tolaney

{"title":"Right-sizing treatment for HER2-positive breast cancer: evolving algorithms across the disease continuum.","authors":"Paolo Tarantino, Carmine Valenza, Elia Segui, Nancy U Lin, Aleix Prat, Giuseppe Curigliano, Adrienne G Waks, Sara M Tolaney","doi":"10.1038/s41571-026-01211-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41571-026-01211-5","url":null,"abstract":"Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer has undergone one of the most profound therapeutic transformations in oncology. Once associated with poor outcomes, it is now a highly curable disease in the early-stage setting, and a substantial proportion of patients with metastatic disease survive beyond 5 years. This progress reflects the development of multiple HER2-targeted therapies, including monoclonal antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates and tyrosine-kinase inhibitors. Most notably, the HER2-targeted antibody-drug conjugate trastuzumab deruxtecan has rapidly been moved into earlier lines of therapy, with emerging roles in the first-line metastatic setting, adjuvant treatment of high-risk residual disease and neoadjuvant therapy. This expansion creates new opportunities, but also crucial evidence gaps regarding optimal sequencing, retreatment and selection of patients for treatment intensification. As treatment options expand, the central challenge is to right-size therapy across the disease continuum, which is the focus of this Review. In patients with early-stage disease, this right-sizing involves carefully de-intensifying treatment for those with low-risk tumours, optimizing neoadjuvant chemotherapy backbones and escalating therapy for those with residual disease; in patients with advanced-stage disease, it requires optimizing maintenance treatment strategies (for example, using palbociclib or tucatinib) after induction therapy, while integrating these maintenance regimens with the novel option of first-line trastuzumab deruxtecan plus pertuzumab, for which the optimal treatment duration and subsequent sequencing remain uncertain. Tissue, plasma and dynamic imaging-based biomarkers are beginning to inform this process, with several showing promising potential for clinical implementation.","PeriodicalId":19079,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":94.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149137791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adjuvant radiotherapy improves outcomes in patients with completely resected atypical meningioma. 辅助放疗改善完全切除的非典型脑膜瘤患者的预后。

IF 94.6 1区医学

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology Pub Date : 2026-10-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-026-01215-1

Peter Sidaway

引用次数: 0

Exercise therapy in cancer prevention and treatment 运动疗法在癌症防治中的应用

IF 94.6 1区医学

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology Pub Date : 2026-10-07 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-026-01201-7

Joshua W. Bliss, Lee W. Jones

{"title":"Exercise therapy in cancer prevention and treatment","authors":"Joshua W. Bliss, Lee W. Jones","doi":"10.1038/s41571-026-01201-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41571-026-01201-7","url":null,"abstract":"Leading oncology agencies endorse exercise as a supportive-care adjunct to mitigate acute and late effects of cancer treatment. A parallel corollary line of investigation in ‘exercise oncology’ has emerged examining whether exercise benefit extends beyond symptom control to therapeutic outcomes. In this Review, we synthesize the current evidence for exercise as an anticancer strategy. In the cancer prevention and post-diagnosis settings in turn, we first review the epidemiological evidence linking exercise with primary cancer risk and disease outcomes after diagnosis. We then summarize data from key clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of structured exercise therapy on clinical end points and on blood-based and tissue-based biomarkers in individuals with or at risk of cancer. Modification of an individual’s exposure to exercise can alter the host macroenvironment, leading to changes in distant tissue and/or tumour microenvironments. Such adaptations might alter the efficacy of conventional cancer therapies, and the newest developments in this rapidly expanding field are also reviewed herein. Finally, we outline a translational framework to facilitate continued development of exercise as an anticancer therapeutic modality and a path towards precision exercise oncology. Exercise is widely endorsed as a supportive-care adjunct to mitigate adverse effects of cancer treatment, with data also suggesting potential therapeutic and preventive roles. In this Review, the authors discuss the current evidence from epidemiological studies and clinical trials for exercise as a factor modulating primary cancer risk and disease outcomes after diagnosis, and describe a translational framework for continued development of exercise therapy and a path towards precision exercise oncology.","PeriodicalId":19079,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology","volume":"23 11","pages":"872-892"},"PeriodicalIF":94.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149088303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the immunological effects of antibody–drug conjugates 探讨抗体-药物偶联物的免疫学作用

IF 78.8 1区医学

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology Pub Date : 2026-10-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-026-01209-z

Paola Zagami,Dario Trapani,Antonio Marra,Lisa Anne Carey,Giuseppe Curigliano

引用次数: 0

Benefit with post-consolidation blinatumomab in newly diagnosed high-risk B-ALL 巩固后blinatumumab治疗新诊断的高危B-ALL的疗效

IF 78.8 1区医学

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-026-01214-2

Diana Romero

引用次数: 0

Optimizing the delivery of radiotherapy with artificial intelligence. 利用人工智能优化放射治疗的递送。

IF 94.6 1区医学

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology Pub Date : 2026-09-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-026-01204-4

Evangelia Katsoulakis, Issam El Naqa

{"title":"Optimizing the delivery of radiotherapy with artificial intelligence.","authors":"Evangelia Katsoulakis, Issam El Naqa","doi":"10.1038/s41571-026-01204-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41571-026-01204-4","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning are transformative technologies that have sparked both excitement and concern. In radiation oncology, AI has been successfully applied to automate tasks, such as auto-contouring, geometric adaptation, calculation of radiation dose and quality assurance, and predicting outcomes to provide optimal patient care. The clinical deployment of AI-driven and machine learning-based tools, however, continues to lag behind their perceived potentials, owing to a range of technical, practical, ethical and legal concerns. The original predictive AI algorithms have been expanded with technologies such as generative AI and foundation models to enable new applications, such as automated treatment planning and synthetic computed tomography generation, as well as improved prediction of individual patient outcomes. The increasing availability of innovations such as agentic AI, digital twins and multimodal AI could further improve the delivery and, thus, the efficacy of radiotherapy. In this Review, we present examples of successful AI applications in radiation oncology, provide an overview of the current challenges for implementing such tools in this specialty and strategies for addressing them, and discuss the broader implications of these tools in optimizing treatment outcomes and the quality of patient care.","PeriodicalId":19079,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":94.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149031177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tambotatug pelitecan — a potential new second-line treatment option for SCLC 坦伯他格-培利坦- SCLC潜在的新的二线治疗选择

IF 78.8 1区医学

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology Pub Date : 2026-09-22 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-026-01212-4

David Killock

引用次数: 0

Understanding and targeting the tumour matrisome. 了解和靶向肿瘤基质。

IF 94.6 1区医学

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology Pub Date : 2026-09-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-026-01203-5

Dharma Pally, Johanna I Englund, Alexandra Naba

{"title":"Understanding and targeting the tumour matrisome.","authors":"Dharma Pally, Johanna I Englund, Alexandra Naba","doi":"10.1038/s41571-026-01203-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41571-026-01203-5","url":null,"abstract":"The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic meshwork of proteins and glycans that provides architectural support to cells. This meshwork also conveys mechanical and biochemical signals that orchestrate many cellular processes, including proliferation, survival and migration. ECM accumulation is a hallmark of cancers and correlates with tumour aggressiveness and survival across cancer types. Because of its abundance and accessibility, the ECM constitutes an appealing reservoir of potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Yet, early attempts to target the ECM in patients with cancer have failed to provide clinical benefit. Over the past few years, the development of novel proteomic and imaging methods, together with advances in our knowledge of ECM biology provided by fundamental research, have transformed our understanding of the roles of the ECM in tumour progression. In this Review, we describe novel technologies developed to define the composition, physical and mechanical properties, and signalling functions of the ECM and provide an overview of ECM-dependent mechanisms regulating tumour progression. We then illustrate how the ECM is being leveraged to devise prognostic or diagnostic clinical tests. Lastly, we discuss strategies to target the ECM for clinical benefit by using the ECM for the targeted delivery of therapeutic payloads, normalizing the tumour ECM through matritherapies or modulating ECM signalling pathways.","PeriodicalId":19079,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":94.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13654244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149017342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0