Nature Electronics最新文献_第6页

A real-time, scalable, fast and resource-efficient decoder for a quantum computer 一种用于量子计算机的实时、可扩展、快速和资源高效的解码器

IF 33.7 1区工程技术

Nature Electronics Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1038/s41928-024-01319-5

Ben Barber, Kenton M. Barnes, Tomasz Bialas, Okan Buğdaycı, Earl T. Campbell, Neil I. Gillespie, Kauser Johar, Ram Rajan, Adam W. Richardson, Luka Skoric, Canberk Topal, Mark L. Turner, Abbas B. Ziad

{"title":"A real-time, scalable, fast and resource-efficient decoder for a quantum computer","authors":"Ben Barber, Kenton M. Barnes, Tomasz Bialas, Okan Buğdaycı, Earl T. Campbell, Neil I. Gillespie, Kauser Johar, Ram Rajan, Adam W. Richardson, Luka Skoric, Canberk Topal, Mark L. Turner, Abbas B. Ziad","doi":"10.1038/s41928-024-01319-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41928-024-01319-5","url":null,"abstract":"The development of quantum computers will require the careful management of the noise effects associated with qubit performance. However, the decoders responsible for diagnosing noise-induced computational errors must use resources efficiently to enable scaling to large qubit counts and cryogenic operation. They must also operate at speed, to avoid an exponential slowdown in the logical clock rate of the quantum computer. To overcome these challenges, we introduce the Collision Clustering decoder and demonstrate its implementation on field-programmable gate array (FPGA) and application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) hardware. We simulate logical memory experiments using the leading quantum error correction scheme (the surface code) and demonstrate megahertz decoding speed—matching the requirements of fast-operating modalities such as superconducting qubits—up to an 881 qubit surface code with the FPGA and 1,057 qubit surface code with the ASIC. The ASIC design occupies 0.06 mm2 and consumes only 8 mW of power. The Collision Clustering decoder is introduced, which requires few logical resources on field-programmable gate array hardware, and low power and area occupation on application-specific integrated circuit hardware, while being performant enough to keep up with the syndrome generation time of a quantum processing unit.","PeriodicalId":19064,"journal":{"name":"Nature Electronics","volume":"8 1","pages":"84-91"},"PeriodicalIF":33.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142934460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neuromorphic weighted sums with magnetic skyrmions 带磁skyrmins的神经形态加权和

IF 33.7 1区工程技术

Nature Electronics Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41928-024-01303-z

Tristan da Câmara Santa Clara Gomes, Yanis Sassi, Dédalo Sanz-Hernández, Sachin Krishnia, Sophie Collin, Marie-Blandine Martin, Pierre Seneor, Vincent Cros, Julie Grollier, Nicolas Reyren

{"title":"Neuromorphic weighted sums with magnetic skyrmions","authors":"Tristan da Câmara Santa Clara Gomes, Yanis Sassi, Dédalo Sanz-Hernández, Sachin Krishnia, Sophie Collin, Marie-Blandine Martin, Pierre Seneor, Vincent Cros, Julie Grollier, Nicolas Reyren","doi":"10.1038/s41928-024-01303-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41928-024-01303-z","url":null,"abstract":"Integrating magnetic skyrmions into neuromorphic computing could help improve hardware efficiency and computational power. However, developing a scalable implementation of the weighted sum of neuron signals—a core operation in neural networks—has remained a challenge. Here we show that weighted sum operations can be performed in a compact, biologically inspired manner by using the non-volatile and particle-like characteristics of magnetic skyrmions that make them easily countable and summable. The skyrmions are electrically generated in numbers proportional to an input with an efficiency given by a non-volatile weight. The chiral particles are then directed using localized current injections to a location in which their presence is quantified through non-perturbative electrical measurements. Our experimental demonstration, which currently has two inputs, can be scaled to accommodate multiple inputs and outputs using a crossbar-array design, potentially nearing the energy efficiency observed in biological systems. Weighted sum operations can be performed in a compact, biologically inspired manner by using the non-volatile and particle-like characteristics of magnetic skyrmions that make them easily countable and summable.","PeriodicalId":19064,"journal":{"name":"Nature Electronics","volume":"8 3","pages":"204-214"},"PeriodicalIF":33.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142929355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A programmable metasurface antenna that approaches the wireless information mapping limit 一种接近无线信息映射极限的可编程超表面天线

IF 33.7 1区工程技术

Nature Electronics Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41928-024-01298-7

Haotian Wu, Ruiwen Shao, Zhixia Xu, Jun Wei Wu, Shurun Tan, Xixi Wang, Zhenjie Qi, Qiang Cheng, Yuanjin Zheng, Yu Luo, Tie Jun Cui

{"title":"A programmable metasurface antenna that approaches the wireless information mapping limit","authors":"Haotian Wu, Ruiwen Shao, Zhixia Xu, Jun Wei Wu, Shurun Tan, Xixi Wang, Zhenjie Qi, Qiang Cheng, Yuanjin Zheng, Yu Luo, Tie Jun Cui","doi":"10.1038/s41928-024-01298-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41928-024-01298-7","url":null,"abstract":"Digitally programmable metasurfaces are of potential use in next-generation mobile communications due to their ability to perform wireless data transmission without digital-to-analogue conversion or frequency mixing. However, communication networks based on programmable metasurfaces currently suffer from relatively low data transmission rates and low information mapping efficiencies (where the transmitted information per unit switching time is much lower than the information that encodes the programmable pattern). Here we report a programmable metasurface antenna that can approach the theoretical upper limit of the information mapping efficiency. Our approach combines non-recurrent encoding with spatial harmonic retrieval, and we show that the model maps most available programmable patterns to the first-harmonic direction in bijection. As a result, the approach can retrieve all of the encoding information through a single measurement. We also optimize the power efficiency of the communication architecture by using cascaded encoding to amplify the far-field radiation exclusively in the harmonic angles. By combining non-recurrent encoding with spatial harmonic retrieval, a programmable metasurface antenna can be created that can approach the theoretical upper limit of the information mapping efficiency.","PeriodicalId":19064,"journal":{"name":"Nature Electronics","volume":"8 2","pages":"179-191"},"PeriodicalIF":33.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142929354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A mass transfer technology for high-density two-dimensional device integration 高密度二维器件集成传质技术

IF 33.7 1区工程技术

Nature Electronics Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41928-024-01306-w

Liwei Liu, Zhenggang Cai, Siwei Xue, Hai Huang, Sifan Chen, Saifei Gou, Zhejia Zhang, Yiming Guo, Yusheng Yao, Wenzhong Bao, Peng Zhou

{"title":"A mass transfer technology for high-density two-dimensional device integration","authors":"Liwei Liu, Zhenggang Cai, Siwei Xue, Hai Huang, Sifan Chen, Saifei Gou, Zhejia Zhang, Yiming Guo, Yusheng Yao, Wenzhong Bao, Peng Zhou","doi":"10.1038/s41928-024-01306-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41928-024-01306-w","url":null,"abstract":"The large-area transfer of two-dimensional (2D) materials from their growth substrate is crucial for electronic device integration. However, it is easy to damage sub-1-nm thick materials, and existing transfer methods typically involve a trade-off in terms of lateral size, quality and accuracy. Here we report a mass transfer printing technology that uses a polydimethylsiloxane stamp patterned with precisely arranged micro-posts to gently transfer wafer-level 2D arrays and to stack van der Waals heterostructure arrays. After the stamp is brought into contact with the 2D material, an ethanol–water solution is added, which penetrates the 2D material–growth substrate interface between the non-contact regions of the stamp and causes the film to delaminate. We use the approach to transfer a 2-inch (~5 cm) monolayer molybdenum disulfide film containing more than 1,000,000 arrays with lateral dimensions of 20 × 20 µm2, a density of 62,500 arrays per cm2 and a yield of 99% in a single operation. Integrated 2D transistors with different device architectures created with the technology show a device yield of around 97.9% (back gate) and nearly damage-free electrical properties (top and bottom gate). We also develop a capillary force-assisted transfer model to explain the rapid transfer mechanism. Using a polymer stamp with a period arrangement of micro-posts on its surface and a high surface tension liquid, two-dimensional material films can be patterned and transferred on a large-scale with high yield.","PeriodicalId":19064,"journal":{"name":"Nature Electronics","volume":"8 2","pages":"135-146"},"PeriodicalIF":33.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142929791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rapid cryogenic characterization of 1,024 integrated silicon quantum dot devices 对 1,024 个集成硅量子点器件进行快速低温表征

IF 33.7 1区工程技术

Nature Electronics Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41928-024-01304-y

Edward J. Thomas, Virginia N. Ciriano-Tejel, David F. Wise, Domenic Prete, Mathieu de Kruijf, David J. Ibberson, Grayson M. Noah, Alberto Gomez-Saiz, M. Fernando Gonzalez-Zalba, Mark A. I. Johnson, John J. L. Morton

{"title":"Rapid cryogenic characterization of 1,024 integrated silicon quantum dot devices","authors":"Edward J. Thomas, Virginia N. Ciriano-Tejel, David F. Wise, Domenic Prete, Mathieu de Kruijf, David J. Ibberson, Grayson M. Noah, Alberto Gomez-Saiz, M. Fernando Gonzalez-Zalba, Mark A. I. Johnson, John J. L. Morton","doi":"10.1038/s41928-024-01304-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41928-024-01304-y","url":null,"abstract":"As quantum processors grow in complexity, new challenges arise such as the management of device variability and the interface with supporting electronics. Spin qubits in silicon quantum dots can potentially address these challenges given their control fidelities and potential for compatibility with large-scale integration. Here we report the integration of 1,024 independent silicon quantum dot devices with on-chip digital and analogue electronics, all operating below 1 K. A high-frequency analogue multiplexer provides fast access to all devices with minimal electrical connections, allowing characteristic data across the quantum dot array to be acquired and analysed in under 10 min. This is achieved by leveraging radio-frequency reflectometry with state-of-the-art signal integrity, characterized by a typical signal-to-noise voltage ratio in excess of 75 for an integration time of 3.18 μs. We extract key quantum dot parameters by automated machine learning routines to assess quantum dot yield and understand the impact of device design. We find correlations between quantum dot parameters and room-temperature transistor behaviour that could be used as a proxy for in-line process monitoring. The integration of 1,024 independent silicon quantum dot devices with on-chip digital and analogue electronics, all of which operate below 1 K, allows characteristic data across the quantum dot array to be acquired and analysed in under 10 min.","PeriodicalId":19064,"journal":{"name":"Nature Electronics","volume":"8 1","pages":"75-83"},"PeriodicalIF":33.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41928-024-01304-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Soft electronics based on particle engulfment printing 基于粒子吞没印刷的软电子技术

IF 33.7 1区工程技术

Nature Electronics Pub Date : 2025-01-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41928-024-01291-0

Rongzhou Lin, Chengmei Jiang, Sippanat Achavananthadith, Xin Yang, Hashina Parveen Anwar Ali, Jianfeng Ping, Yuxin Liu, Xianmin Zhang, Benjamin C. K. Tee, Yong Lin Kong, John S. Ho

{"title":"Soft electronics based on particle engulfment printing","authors":"Rongzhou Lin, Chengmei Jiang, Sippanat Achavananthadith, Xin Yang, Hashina Parveen Anwar Ali, Jianfeng Ping, Yuxin Liu, Xianmin Zhang, Benjamin C. K. Tee, Yong Lin Kong, John S. Ho","doi":"10.1038/s41928-024-01291-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41928-024-01291-0","url":null,"abstract":"Soft polymers programmed with functional particles can be used to create intrinsically stretchable electronics. However, current approaches to fabricating such materials require that the particles be first colloidally dispersed in a liquid monomer or polymer solution that have limited material compatibilities and necessitate precise control over the associated fluid mechanics during the printing process. Here we report the direct incorporation of functional particles in soft polymers using particle engulfment, a process in which particles are spontaneously subsumed by the polymer matrix via surface energy. The engulfment phenomenon occurs when the characteristic size of the particles is much smaller than the elastocapillary length of the polymer matrix, resulting in an energetically stable configuration where functional particles become deeply embedded into the polymer. We use the approach to fabricate multilayered, multimaterial and elastic devices with wireless sensing, communication and power transfer capabilities. A printing technique in which functional particles are directly incorporated into soft polymers using particle engulfment—a process in which particles are spontaneously subsumed by the polymer matrix via surface energy—can be used to create elastic devices with wireless sensing, communication and power transfer capabilities.","PeriodicalId":19064,"journal":{"name":"Nature Electronics","volume":"8 2","pages":"127-134"},"PeriodicalIF":33.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142911872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The future of semiconductor technology shapes up 半导体技术的未来正在形成

IF 33.7 1区工程技术

Nature Electronics Pub Date : 2024-12-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41928-024-01332-8

引用次数: 0

Bridging the digital–physical divide using haptic and wearable technologies 使用触觉和可穿戴技术弥合数字与物理的鸿沟

IF 33.7 1区工程技术

Nature Electronics Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1038/s41928-024-01325-7

Jiaming Qi, Longteng Yu, Eng Tat Khoo, Kian Wei Ng, Yujia Gao, Alfred Wei Chieh Kow, Joo Chuan Yeo, Chwee Teck Lim

{"title":"Bridging the digital–physical divide using haptic and wearable technologies","authors":"Jiaming Qi, Longteng Yu, Eng Tat Khoo, Kian Wei Ng, Yujia Gao, Alfred Wei Chieh Kow, Joo Chuan Yeo, Chwee Teck Lim","doi":"10.1038/s41928-024-01325-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41928-024-01325-7","url":null,"abstract":"The metaverse could provide an immersive environment that integrates digital and physical realities. However, this will require appropriate haptic feedback and wearable technologies. Here we explore the development of haptic and wearable technologies that can be used to bridge the digital–physical divide and build a more realistic and immersive metaverse. We examine the mechanisms of haptic technology and the haptic devices that can replicate the sense of touch, and examine the development of wearable technology that can provide motion tracking through the integration of artificial intelligence. We highlight the potential applications of such technology in the areas of entertainment, commerce, education, training and healthcare. Finally, we consider the ethical and technological challenges that the field faces. This Review examines the development of haptic and wearable technologies that could be used to build a more realistic and immersive metaverse, exploring the potential applications of such technology and the ethical and technological challenges that the field faces.","PeriodicalId":19064,"journal":{"name":"Nature Electronics","volume":"7 12","pages":"1098-1110"},"PeriodicalIF":33.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Building inverters with stacked complementary nanosheet transistors 利用堆叠互补纳米片晶体管构建逆变器

IF 33.7 1区工程技术

Nature Electronics Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41928-024-01329-3

Xiong Xiong, Yanqing Wu

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Optoelectronic synthesizer for tunable microwave generation with ultralow phase noise 用于超低相位噪声可调谐微波产生的光电合成器

IF 33.7 1区工程技术

Nature Electronics Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.1038/s41928-024-01296-9

引用次数: 0