{"title":"New flavours for ingestible sensors","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41928-025-01475-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41928-025-01475-2","url":null,"abstract":"The development of electronic capsules that can monitor biochemical markers and redox balance in the gastrointestinal tract is helping to expand the capabilities of ingestible electronics.","PeriodicalId":19064,"journal":{"name":"Nature Electronics","volume":"8 9","pages":"751-751"},"PeriodicalIF":40.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41928-025-01475-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thermally stable β-tungsten for spin–orbit torque magnetic random-access memory","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41928-025-01435-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41928-025-01435-w","url":null,"abstract":"The insertion of thin cobalt layers increases the thermal stability of β-tungsten. Using this composite as the spin current source in a 64-kb spin–orbit torque magnetic random-access memory array enables back-end-of-line process compatibility and efficient magnetization switching — achieving 1 ns switching, data retention of more than 10 years and 146% tunnelling magnetoresistance.","PeriodicalId":19064,"journal":{"name":"Nature Electronics","volume":"8 9","pages":"766-767"},"PeriodicalIF":40.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An analogue computer for AI and optimization","authors":"Katharina Zeissler","doi":"10.1038/s41928-025-01473-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41928-025-01473-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19064,"journal":{"name":"Nature Electronics","volume":"8 9","pages":"759-759"},"PeriodicalIF":40.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Making black phosphorus nanoribbons from bulk","authors":"Matthew Parker","doi":"10.1038/s41928-025-01472-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41928-025-01472-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19064,"journal":{"name":"Nature Electronics","volume":"8 9","pages":"758-758"},"PeriodicalIF":40.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Probabilistic computers based on digital logic and magnetic nanodevices","authors":"Brandon Zink","doi":"10.1038/s41928-025-01458-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41928-025-01458-3","url":null,"abstract":"A hybrid system that combines an application-specific integrated circuit and magnetic tunnel junctions can be used to solve integer factorization problems.","PeriodicalId":19064,"journal":{"name":"Nature Electronics","volume":"8 9","pages":"760-761"},"PeriodicalIF":40.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145059635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Amorphous indium tin oxide transistors for power amplification above 10 GHz","authors":"Qianlan Hu, Shenwu Zhu, Yuzhe Zhu, Chengru Gu, Shiyuan Liu, Ru Huang, Yanqing Wu","doi":"10.1038/s41928-025-01447-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41928-025-01447-6","url":null,"abstract":"Amorphous oxide semiconductors could be used as thin channel materials in future back-end-of-line-compatible electronics. However, thin body amorphous materials suffer from Joule heating due to the strong scattering of electrons and phonons from extensive local disorder, which can lead to device failure in high-speed power-intensive applications. Here we show that the electrical and thermal transport properties of amorphous indium tin oxide can be enhanced using a silicon carbide substrate. Using this approach, we create top-gate transistors that have a channel length of 120 nm and exhibit negligible performance degradation under high electric fields and temperatures of up to 125 °C. We show that the devices can offer a cutoff frequency of 103 GHz and a maximum oscillation frequency of 125 GHz. Furthermore, our indium tin oxide power amplifiers provide a high output power density of 0.69 W mm−1 and a power-added efficiency of 24.1% at 12 GHz. The electrical and thermal transport properties of amorphous indium tin oxide can be enhanced by using a silicon carbide substrate, leading to indium tin oxide power amplifiers with an output power density of 0.69 W mm−1 and a power-added efficiency of 24.1% at 12 GHz.","PeriodicalId":19064,"journal":{"name":"Nature Electronics","volume":"8 9","pages":"803-809"},"PeriodicalIF":40.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145059636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ingestible sensors for redox balance","authors":"Khalil B. Ramadi","doi":"10.1038/s41928-025-01459-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41928-025-01459-2","url":null,"abstract":"A miniaturized ingestible capsule can be used to sense oxidation–reduction potential in the gut.","PeriodicalId":19064,"journal":{"name":"Nature Electronics","volume":"8 9","pages":"764-765"},"PeriodicalIF":40.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145059634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jihun Kim, Eui Dae Jung, Jeonghwan You, Jeongjae Lee, Bum Chan Park, Henry J. Snaith, Richard H. Friend, Changsoon Cho, Bo Ram Lee
{"title":"Perovskites for next-generation colour conversion displays","authors":"Jihun Kim, Eui Dae Jung, Jeonghwan You, Jeongjae Lee, Bum Chan Park, Henry J. Snaith, Richard H. Friend, Changsoon Cho, Bo Ram Lee","doi":"10.1038/s41928-025-01456-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41928-025-01456-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Metal halide perovskites could form the basis of future display technology due to their powerful optical properties. However, the commercialization of electroluminescent perovskites has been hindered by key challenges, including limited operational lifetime and instability in blue emission. Here we highlight the potential of perovskites in colour conversion displays. We examine the particular advantages of perovskite materials as colour conversion layers: narrow emission spectrum, high absorption coefficients, high-brightness operation, photon recycling and ease of manufacturing. We provide a framework for the development of RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances)-compliant and colour-filter-free perovskite-based colour conversion displays and offer guidelines for commercialization. We also explore the potential of using perovskite colour conversion layers to create advanced augmented reality and virtual reality technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19064,"journal":{"name":"Nature Electronics","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":34.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145035598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yeon Ho Kim, Donghun Lee, Woong Huh, Jaeho Lee, Donghyun Lee, Gunuk Wang, Jaehyun Park, Daewon Ha, Chul-Ho Lee
{"title":"Gate stack engineering of two-dimensional transistors","authors":"Yeon Ho Kim, Donghun Lee, Woong Huh, Jaeho Lee, Donghyun Lee, Gunuk Wang, Jaehyun Park, Daewon Ha, Chul-Ho Lee","doi":"10.1038/s41928-025-01448-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41928-025-01448-5","url":null,"abstract":"Gate stack engineering has helped enable aggressive device scaling in silicon complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor technology. Two-dimensional (2D) materials are a potential replacement for silicon in next-generation electronics. However, creating gate stacks that are capable of effective and reliable channel control with such materials is inherently challenging owing to the lack of compatible dielectrics and fabrication methods. Here we explore the development of gate stack engineering technologies for two-dimensional transistors. We benchmark key performance metrics for two-dimensional metal–oxide–semiconductor gate stacks against current silicon-based technologies, as well as the targets set by the International Roadmap for Devices and Systems. We also highlight recent advances in ferroelectric-embedded gate stacks, which offer additional functionalities and could be of use in the development of high-speed non-volatile memories and logic-in-memory devices, as well as low-power transistors. Finally, we consider the technical challenges that need to be addressed to develop advanced electronic technologies based on two-dimensional transistors. This Review examines the development of gate stack engineering technologies for two-dimensional (2D) transistors, benchmarking key performance metrics for such gate stacks against current silicon-based technologies and exploring the challenges that need to be addressed in order to create advanced electronic technologies based on 2D transistors.","PeriodicalId":19064,"journal":{"name":"Nature Electronics","volume":"8 9","pages":"770-783"},"PeriodicalIF":40.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145025908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}