{"title":"Intrinsic polarization superjunctions in III-nitride heterostructures for efficient power electronics","authors":"Luca Mazzone, Yuan Zong, Hongkeng Zhu, Alessandro Mauro, Elison Matioli","doi":"10.1038/s41928-026-01691-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41928-026-01691-4","url":null,"abstract":"III-nitride semiconductors combine a wide bandgap with low sheet resistance and, thus, can be used for efficient power electronics. Their lateral architecture also enables monolithic integration on cost-effective silicon. However, electric-field crowding, as well as surface and buffer trapping, limit the breakdown voltage, degrade dynamic performance and reduce reliability. Here we report intrinsic polarization superjunctions in III-nitride heterostructures for efficient power electronics. We use the spontaneous and piezoelectric polarization fields to induce matched mobile electrons in a two-dimensional electron gas and mobile holes in a two-dimensional hole gas, forming an intrinsically charge-balanced superjunction without intentional doping. With an ohmic contact to the two-dimensional hole gas, both carrier types can be dynamically depleted during switching, which preserves drift-region charge neutrality, producing a nearly uniform electric field and increasing the breakdown voltage under operating conditions. We use the approach to create gallium-nitride-on-silicon polarization superjunction Schottky barrier diodes with a breakdown voltage exceeding 3.9 kV and a specific ON resistance as low as 4.7 mΩ cm2, as well as polarization superjunction transistors with a breakdown voltage exceeding 3.4 kV. The devices exhibit a near-ideal dynamic ON-resistance degradation of less than 15% up to 3 kV, as well as repeatable, temperature-stable and avalanche-like breakdown.","PeriodicalId":19064,"journal":{"name":"Nature Electronics","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":34.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148853466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Robot return","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41928-026-01697-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41928-026-01697-y","url":null,"abstract":"The field of robotics continues to advance rapidly, creating new applications for the technology and new challenges for its successful deployment.","PeriodicalId":19064,"journal":{"name":"Nature Electronics","volume":"9 8","pages":"839-839"},"PeriodicalIF":42.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41928-026-01697-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148785301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On-chip broadband magnonic frequency combs based on multi-tone excitation","authors":"Weizhi Yan, Jiahui Bi, Yifan Wang, Lukáš Flajšman, Sebastiaan van Dijken, Huajun Qin","doi":"10.1038/s41928-026-01686-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41928-026-01686-1","url":null,"abstract":"Magnonic frequency combs—the magnetic analogue of optical frequency combs—consist of evenly spaced spin-wave spectral lines and are of potential use in applications such as metrology, spectroscopy and information processing. However, their narrow bandwidths and small number of comb lines limit practical implementation. Here we report an on-chip broadband magnonic frequency comb based on multi-tone excitation. The octave-spanning magnonic frequency comb is generated at low power thresholds in a continuous yttrium iron garnet thin film. It is driven by spin-wave modulation instability stemming from four-magnon scattering, a nonlinear process validated by micromagnetic simulations. Our magnonic frequency combs exhibit long decay lengths, reaching up to hundreds of micrometres, and offer broad tunability in both the number of comb lines and their frequency spacing. We demonstrate, in particular, a comb with over 2,100 comb lines and densities of up to 200 lines per kilohertz. We also create a magnonic ruler that uses this finely structured spectra to detect microwave frequencies with high precision.","PeriodicalId":19064,"journal":{"name":"Nature Electronics","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":34.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148769158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiao Wan, Liupeng Zhao, Yang Luo, Xiaodong Li, Jun Chen
{"title":"Programmable polyphasic stimulation with bioresorbable phototransistors","authors":"Xiao Wan, Liupeng Zhao, Yang Luo, Xiaodong Li, Jun Chen","doi":"10.1038/s41928-026-01682-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41928-026-01682-5","url":null,"abstract":"A wireless stimulation platform that is based on a bioresorbable phototransistor can provide precise, programmable and multi-site electrotherapy through tissue-penetrating optical modulation.","PeriodicalId":19064,"journal":{"name":"Nature Electronics","volume":"9 8","pages":"849-850"},"PeriodicalIF":42.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148785306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Byungsoo Kim, Soo Ho Choi, Georgii Zograf, Young Jin Yoo, Yongmin Baek, Seokho Kim, Jongchan Kim, Jeehwan Kim, Sang Hoon Chae, Hyunseok Kim, Seunghoon Hong, Kyusang Lee
{"title":"Co-packaged optics for high-performance computing and artificial intelligence","authors":"Byungsoo Kim, Soo Ho Choi, Georgii Zograf, Young Jin Yoo, Yongmin Baek, Seokho Kim, Jongchan Kim, Jeehwan Kim, Sang Hoon Chae, Hyunseok Kim, Seunghoon Hong, Kyusang Lee","doi":"10.1038/s41928-026-01681-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41928-026-01681-6","url":null,"abstract":"The large data movement required in high-performance computing and artificial intelligence workloads has exposed the fundamental limits of electrical interconnects, where resistive losses, capacitive loading and frequency-dependent distortion increasingly constrain bandwidth, latency and energy efficiency. Optical compute interconnects, which replace electrical links with co-packaged photonic channels, could provide low propagation loss, high bandwidth and superior signal integrity. Here, we examine the development of optical chip-to-chip interconnects and co-packaged optics for high-performance computing and artificial intelligence. We analyse the key domains, including electrical subsystems, electro–optical and opto–electronic conversion interfaces, and optical transmission networks, that determine system-level performance across bandwidth, energy and latency metrics. We also provide a technology roadmap from two-dimensional (2D) co-packaged optics, 2.5D interposer-based integration and 3D heterogeneous stacking, identifying critical challenges in thermal management, manufacturability and standardization that will need to be addressed to establish optical compute interconnects as a foundational communication technology for high-performance computing infrastructure. This Review examines optical chip-to-chip interconnects and co-packaged optics for high-performance computing applications, considering key functional domains, the performance of different integration strategies and the critical challenges to widespread adoption.","PeriodicalId":19064,"journal":{"name":"Nature Electronics","volume":"9 8","pages":"853-867"},"PeriodicalIF":42.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148785307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qiuyuan Wang, Aravind Karthigeyan, Chung-Tao Chou, Luqiao Liu
{"title":"A room-temperature cavity–magnonic source of correlated microwave magnon polariton pairs","authors":"Qiuyuan Wang, Aravind Karthigeyan, Chung-Tao Chou, Luqiao Liu","doi":"10.1038/s41928-026-01689-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41928-026-01689-y","url":null,"abstract":"Correlated microwave photon sources are required for the development of quantum-limited sensing, signal amplification and communication. However, the devices typically have a millikelvin operating temperature, which limits their broader application. Here we report a hybrid magnon–photon platform that is based on a printed-circuit-board microstrip resonator coupled to an yttrium iron garnet film and emits strong correlated microwave signals at room temperature. Our approach achieves non-degenerate excitations by coupling magnon modes simultaneously with two cavity photon modes. Through the magnon–photon interactions in the corresponding linear and nonlinear regimes, one input microwave photon splits into a pair of magnon polaritons that have distinct frequencies and maintain strong intermode correlations. The nonlinear magnon polariton dynamics exhibit true randomness and robust multichannel correlations, and we use the system to demonstrate microwave communication with reliable signal transmission through two noisy channels.","PeriodicalId":19064,"journal":{"name":"Nature Electronics","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":34.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148769194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}