T. Patrick Xiao, Ben Feinberg, David K. Richardson, Matthew Cannon, Calvin Madsen, Harsha Medu, Vineet Agrawal, Matthew J. Marinella, Sapan Agarwal, Christopher H. Bennett
{"title":"Analogue fast Fourier transforms for scalable and efficient signal processing","authors":"T. Patrick Xiao, Ben Feinberg, David K. Richardson, Matthew Cannon, Calvin Madsen, Harsha Medu, Vineet Agrawal, Matthew J. Marinella, Sapan Agarwal, Christopher H. Bennett","doi":"10.1038/s41928-026-01725-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41928-026-01725-x","url":null,"abstract":"Edge devices are increasingly being deployed to sense and act on information from the physical world. The discrete Fourier transform is widely used to make these sensed data suitable for further processing and transmission over communication networks. Analogue in-memory computing can provide energy-efficient processing at the edge, particularly for artificial intelligence workloads, but it has not been extended to large Fourier transforms. This is because modern signal processing relies on the fast Fourier transform algorithm to reduce the computational complexity of discrete Fourier transforms, but the fast Fourier transform has remained restricted to digital processors. Here we show that the fast Fourier transform can be efficiently mapped to analogue in-memory computing systems, allowing them to scale to arbitrarily large transforms without requiring impractically large or numerous non-volatile memory arrays. We experimentally demonstrate analogue fast Fourier transforms on one-dimensional audio and two-dimensional image signals, performing precise analogue computations across up to 524k charge-trapping memory devices simultaneously within one array. We use this approach to compute analogue Fourier transforms of up to 65,536 points.","PeriodicalId":19064,"journal":{"name":"Nature Electronics","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":34.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149218194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Temperature-stable high-κ oxides for miniaturized capacitors","authors":"Junlei Qi, Yiying Chen, Jincheng Qin, Bin Wei, Hao Pan, Tengfei Hu, Zhengqian Fu, Yixuan Wu, Ruoyi Lv, Faqiang Zhang, Yujun Zhang, Wei Xu, Jianrong Zeng, Shangming He, Zhe Zhu, Hang Su, Zhao Yang, Zhenxiao Fu, Zhifu Liu, Ce-wen Nan, Shujun Zhang, Yuan-Hua Lin","doi":"10.1038/s41928-026-01721-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41928-026-01721-1","url":null,"abstract":"The miniaturization of capacitive components in advanced electronics requires dielectric materials that simultaneously have a high permittivity, low loss tangent and near-zero temperature coefficient of capacitance. However, improving one property typically negatively affects the others, and the design of new dielectrics is challenging due to the vast compositional space that could be searched. Here we report a hierarchical machine learning-guided strategy that first screens oxide candidates to identify promising structural families and then optimizes local atomic features to enhance the dielectric properties. The approach identifies tungsten bronze structures, followed by targeted bismuth and germanium co-substitution. The resulting Ba4(Nd0.5Bi0.5)9.33(Ti0.99Ge0.01)18O54 ceramic had a dielectric constant of around 185, a loss tangent below 0.0005 and a temperature coefficient of ≤±30 ppm per degree Celsius. We also study the mechanism of the temperature-insensitive behaviour using in situ atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy and density functional theory analysis, and we find that strong Ge–O covalent bonds sustain off-centre polar displacements during thermal expansion. The material is used to create prototype single-layer chip capacitors with volumetric efficiency higher than leading commercial benchmarks.","PeriodicalId":19064,"journal":{"name":"Nature Electronics","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":34.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149087800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eoin G. Kelly, Leonardo Massai, Bence Hetényi, Marta Pita-Vidal, Alexei Orekhov, Cornelius Carlsson, Inga Seidler, Konstantinos Tsoukalas, Lisa Sommer, Michele Aldeghi, Stephen W. Bedell, Stephan Paredes, Felix J. Schupp, Matthias Mergenthaler, Andreas Fuhrer, Gian Salis, Patrick Harvey-Collard
{"title":"Identification and mitigation of errors in hole spin qubit readout","authors":"Eoin G. Kelly, Leonardo Massai, Bence Hetényi, Marta Pita-Vidal, Alexei Orekhov, Cornelius Carlsson, Inga Seidler, Konstantinos Tsoukalas, Lisa Sommer, Michele Aldeghi, Stephen W. Bedell, Stephan Paredes, Felix J. Schupp, Matthias Mergenthaler, Andreas Fuhrer, Gian Salis, Patrick Harvey-Collard","doi":"10.1038/s41928-026-01705-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41928-026-01705-1","url":null,"abstract":"High-fidelity readout of spin qubits in semiconductor quantum dots can be achieved by combining a radiofrequency charge sensor with spin-to-charge conversion and Pauli spin blockade. However, reaching high readout fidelities with hole spin qubits remains challenging due to site-dependent spin anisotropies and short relaxation times during readout. Here we analyse the multiple error processes that arise during readout using a double-latched scheme in a germanium double-quantum-dot hole spin qubit system. We first investigate the spin-to-charge conversion process as a function of magnetic field orientation and configure the system to adiabatically map the (leftvert downarrow downarrow rightrangle) state to the only non-blockaded state. We reveal a strong magnetic field strength dependence of the spin relaxation rates, and minimize it by operating at low fields. We further characterize and mitigate the error processes that arise during the double-latching process. By combining a radiofrequency charge sensor, a double-latching process and optimized magnetic field parameters, we achieve a single-shot, single-shot fidelity of 97.0% for single-qubit state preparation and measurement while maintaining control of both spins under the readout conditions.","PeriodicalId":19064,"journal":{"name":"Nature Electronics","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":34.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149087825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}