Nanotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Patterning and nanoribbon formation in graphene by hot punching.","authors":"AmirAli Abbaspourmani, Abhay Shivayogimath, Ritika Singh Petersen, Anton Lyksborg-Andersen, Thomas W Hansen, Stephan S Keller, Timothy John Booth","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad9d4c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ad9d4c","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Large area graphene patterning is critical for applications. Current graphene patterning techniques, such as electron beam lithography (EBL) and nano imprint lithography (NIL), are time consuming and can scale unfavourably with sample size. Resist-based masking and subsequent dry plasma etching can lead to high roughness edges with no alignment to the underlying graphene crystal orientations. In this study, we present hot punching as a novel and feasible method for patterning of CVD graphene sheets supported by a PVA layer. Additionally, we observe the effect of such hot punching on graphene supported by PVA via optical microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, AFM, and TEM, including wrinkling, strain and the formation of nanoribbons with crystallographically aligned and smooth edges due to fracturing. We present hot punching as a facile technique for the production of arrays of such nanoribbons.&#xD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radial mechanical properties of deoxyribonucleic acid molecules.","authors":"Xia Wang, Jianjun Dong, Mingyan Gao, Ying Wang, Fengyan Hou, Jingyu Wang, Ye Li, Zuobin Wang","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad9930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ad9930","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Given the small diameter of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the difficulty in studying its radial mechanical properties laid in the challenge of applying a precise and controlled small force. In this work, the radial mechanical properties of DNA were measured in the AFM. DNA adhesion properties were analyzed through force-distance curves and adhesion images. The adhesion force values applied on DNA obtained from the force-distance curves were consistent with those obtained from the adhesion images. The Young's modulus of DNA was determined by collecting the data of indentation depth and the force applied on DNA and using the Hertz model for calculation. At the same compression speed, the Young's moduli increased with increasing forces, but exhibited a nonlinear growth. This reflected the complex stress-strain behavior of DNA. The impact of speeds on mechanical properties of DNA was explored. Higher speed resulted in greater Young's moduli and adhesion. This study not only deepens the understanding the mechanical properties of DNA, but also provides a strategy for investigating the mechanical properties of other thin and soft materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":"36 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization studies on output stabilization time and graphene oxide concentration in graphene-based flexible micro-supercapacitor.","authors":"Sangeetha Gopan G S, Nelsa Abraham, Harikrishnan R S, Rani S, T S Xavier","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad983a","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad983a","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Miniature energy storage devices are vital for developing flexible and wearable electronics. This paper discusses the fabrication of flexible laser-induced graphene-based micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) using graphene oxide (GO) coated polyimide film as the precursor for laser scribing. The areal capacitance of the MSCs was assessed daily after applying a H₂SO₄/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel electrolyte. The capacitance displayed a substantial increase in the early days before stabilizing at a consistent value. The stabilization time was evaluated through systematic experimentation conducted over ten consecutive days. The experiments showed that the capacitance stabilized after six days. Various concentrations of GO were used to assemble the MSCs, and their performance was evaluated to determine the optimal concentration. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that the supercapacitor fabricated with the optimum concentration of GO exhibited the lowest resistance. The optimized MSC displayed an areal capacitance of 10.07 mF cm^-2at a current density of 13<i>µ</i>A cm^-2. The device could maintain a reliable output at different bending states and retain 87.9% of its original capacitance after 5000 charge-discharge cycles, highlighting its suitability for flexible and self-powered systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142751357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field emission from flipped and patterned vertically aligned carbon nanotube arrays.","authors":"S C Olsen, B Vandyke, R R Vanfleet, V Robinson","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad9839","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad9839","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess many unique properties that make them ideal for field emission. However, screening due to high density and poor substrate adhesion limits their application. We tested the field emission of various patterned vertically aligned carbon nanotube (VACNT) arrays adhered to copper substrates using carbon paste. After many fabrication steps to improve uniformity, we found that the field emission was dominated by individual CNTs that were taller than the bulk VACNT arrays. After testing a sample with silver epoxy as the binder, we found that the failure mechanism was adhesion to the substrate. Using energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, we found that the carbon paste migrated into the VACNT bulk volume while the silver epoxy did not. The migration of carbon paste into the volume may explain why the carbon paste had greater adhesion than the silver epoxy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142751353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic domain wall and skyrmion manipulation by static and dynamic strain profiles.","authors":"Thomas A Moore","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad96c2","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad96c2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Magnetic domain walls and skyrmions in thin film micro- and nanostructures have been of interest to a growing number of researchers since the turn of the millennium, motivated by the rich interplay of materials, interface and spin physics as well as by the potential for applications in data storage, sensing and computing. This review focuses on the manipulation of magnetic domain walls and skyrmions by piezoelectric strain, which has received increasing attention recently. Static strain profiles generated, for example, by voltage applied to a piezoelectric-ferromagnetic heterostructure, and dynamic strain profiles produced by surface acoustic waves, are reviewed here. As demonstrated by the success of magnetic random access memory, thin magnetic films have been successfully incorporated into complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor back-end of line device fabrication. The purpose of this review is therefore not only to highlight promising piezoelectric and magnetic materials and their properties when combined, but also to galvanise interest in the spin textures in these heterostructures for a variety of spin- and straintronic devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142716733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single vertical InP nanowire diodes with low ideality factors contacted in-array for high-resolution optoelectronics.","authors":"Nils Lamers, Kristi Adham, Lukas Hrachowina, Magnus T Borgström, Jesper Wallentin","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad96c3","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad96c3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nanowire (NW) optoelectronic and electrical devices offer unique advantages over bulk materials but are generally made by contacting entire NW arrays in parallel. In contrast, ultra-high-resolution displays and photodetectors require electrical connections to individual NWs inside an array. Here, we demonstrate a scheme for fabricating such single NW vertical devices by contacting individual NWs within a dense NW array. We contrast benzocyclobutene and SiO₂planarization methods for these devices and find that the latter leads to dramatically improved processing yield as well as higher-quality diodes. Further, we find that replacing the metal top contact with transparent indium tin oxide does not decrease electrical performance, allowing for transparent top contacts. We improve the ideality factor of the devices from a previous<i>n</i>= 14 to<i>n</i>= 1.8, with the best devices as low as<i>n</i>= 1.5. The devices are characterized as both photodetectors with detectivities up to 2.45 AW^-1and photocurrent densities of up to 185 mAcm^-2under 0.76 suns illumination. Despite poor performance as light emitting diodes, the devices show great resilience to current densities up to 4 × 10⁸mAcm^-2. In combination with growth optimization, the flexibility of the processing allows for use of these devices as ultra-high-resolution photodetectors and displays.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142716743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioactive glass suspension hydrogel promotes wound healing by modulating fibroblasts.","authors":"Kai Ma, Baichuan Cheng, Xiaodi Xu, Lei Zhang, Rui Ruan, Hongbin Deng, Xiaolei Zhu, Hongda Zhu","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad9610","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad9610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The irritation and adhesion of wound healing biomaterials to wet wounds should be addressed for achieving effective wound healing. In this study, a stable multifunctional hydrogels (BGs/HA suspension gels) were prepared using superfine powder of bioactive glasses (BGs), the biocompatible materials hyaluronic acid (HA) and carbomer940, which had good adhesion and low irritation properties for use in moist complex wounds. The average particle size of BGs/HA suspension gels was 13.11 ± 0.29<i>μ</i>m, and the BG content was 15.8 ± 0.2% (m m^-1). The results of cell proliferation, cell migration, and immunofluorescence staining experiments showed that in the initial stage of wound healing, the ionic extract of BGs formulations promoted the proliferation and migration of L929 cells and induced the secretion of<i>α</i>-SMA and collagen I. In the final stage of repair, the ionic extract of the BGs formulation regulated the differentiation of fibroblast, which contributed to the reduction of pathological scar formation.<i>In vivo</i>experiments showed that the wound healing rate of BGs/HA suspension gels group exceeded higher than that of the conventional BGs superfine powder group. Although BGs/HA suspension gels were comparable to its commercially available counterpart (Dermlin paste) in promoting wound healing, it addressed the problem of localized irritation caused by the high pH and low adhesion of BGs products. This study confirmed the specific regulatory effect of BGs/HA suspension gels on L929 cells, which provided a reference for the clinical application of BGs in wound dressing.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boron modification of AuRh mesoporous nanotubes for electro-reduction of nitrogen to ammonia.","authors":"Guanghui Yang, Jiale Song, Xinmiao Li, Kai Deng, Hongjie Yu, You Xu, Hongjing Wang, Ziqiang Wang, Liang Wang","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad9aad","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ad9aad","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is a prospective tactics for ammonia synthesis. However, the development of highly active NRR electrocatalysts is still challenging owing to the difficult activation of nitrogen and competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Here, we synthesized boron-doped AuRh mesoporous nanotubes (B-AuRh MNTs) via dual-template method coupled with boron doping. The mesoporous nanotube structure has high specific surface area and excellent surface permeability. Thereby, the B-AuRh MNTs exhibit NH3 yield of 13.3 μg h-1 mg-1cat and Faraday efficiency of 22.5% under 0.1 M Na2SO4. The doping of boron with weak hydrogen adsorption can generate electronic effect, thus stimulating the activation of N2 molecules and effectively inhibiting HER. This study proposes a universal method for the preparation of boron-doped Pd-based catalysts, which is beneficial to improve the NRR performance.&#xD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbyne as a promising material for E-nose applications with machine learning.","authors":"Alexey Kucherik, Ashok Kumar, Abramov Andrey, Samyshkin Vlad, Osipov Anton, Bordanov Ilya, Sergey Shchanikov, Mahesh Kumar","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad947c","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad947c","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There has been a lot of study and advancement in the area of carbon allotropes in the last several decades, driven by the exceptional and diverse physical and chemical characteristics of carbon nanomaterials. For example, nanostructured forms such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, and carbon quantum dots have the potential to revolutionize various industries (Roston 2010<i>The Carbon Age: How Life's Core Element Has Become Civilization's Greatest Threat</i>; In and Noy 2014<i>Nanotechnology's Wonder Material: Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes</i>; Peng<i>et al</i>2014<i>Nanotechnol. Sci. Appl.</i>7 1-29). The global scientific community continues to research in the field of creating new materials, particularly low-dimensional carbon allotropes such as CNTs and carbyne. Carbyne is a one-dimensional carbon allotrope with a large surface area, chemical reactivity, and gas molecule adsorption potential that makes it extremely sensitive to gases and electronic nose (E-nose) applications due to its linear sp-hybridized atomic chain structure. The primary objective of this work is to increase the sensitivity, selectivity, and overall efficiency of E-nose systems using a synergistic combination of carbyne-based sensing components with cutting-edge machine learning (ML) techniques. The exceptional electronic properties of carbyne, such as its high electron mobility and adjustable bandgap, enable rapid and specific adsorption of various gas molecules. Additionally, its significant surface area-to-volume ratio enhances the detection of trace concentrations. Our suggested advanced hybrid system utilises support vector machines and convolutional neural networks as sophisticated ML approaches to analyse data provided by carbyne sensors. These algorithms enhance the precision and durability of gas detection by effectively recognising intricate patterns and correlations in the sensor data. Empirical evidence suggests that E-nose systems based on carbyne have superior performance in terms of reaction time, sensitivity, and specificity compared to conventional materials. This research emphasises the revolutionary potential of carbyne in the advancement of next-generation gas sensing systems, which has significant implications for applications in environmental monitoring, medical diagnostics, and industrial process control.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142682410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First principles electron transport in magnetoelectric SrRuO₃/BaTiO₃/SrTiO₃/SrRuO₃interfaces.","authors":"Nicolae Filipoiu, Neculai Plugaru, Titus Sandu, Rodica Plugaru, George Alexandru Nemnes","doi":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad960f","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6528/ad960f","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently, all-oxide ferroelectric tunnel junctions, with single or composite potential barriers based on SrRuO₃/BaTiO₃/SrTiO₃(SRO/BTO/STO) perovskites, have drawn a particular interest for high density low power applications, due to their highly tunable transport properties and device scaling down possibility to atomic size. Here, using first principles calculations and the non-equilibrium Green's functions formalism, we explore the electronic structure and tunneling transport properties in magnetoelectric SRO/BTO/<i>m</i>STO/SRO interfaces, (<i>m</i>= 0, 2, or 4 unit cells), considering both the RuO₆octahedra tilts and magnetic SRO electrodes. Our main results may be summarized as follows: (i) the band alignment schemes predict that polarization direction may determine both Schottky barrier or Ohmic contacts for<i>m</i>(STO) = 0, but only Schottky contacts for<i>m</i>(STO) = 2 and 4 junctions; (ii) the tunnel electroresistance and tunnel magnetoresistance ratios are evaluated at 0 and 300 K; (iii) the most magnetoelectric responsive interfaces are obtained for the<i>m</i>(STO) = 2 heterostructure, this system also showing co-existent giant tunnel electroresistance and tunnel magnetoresistance effects; (iv) the interfacial magnetoelectric coupling is not strong enough to control the tunnel magnetoresistance by polarization switching, in spite of significant SRO ferromagnetism.</p>","PeriodicalId":19035,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}