Nanomaterials最新文献

{"title":"Demonstration of Steep Switching Behavior Based on Band Modulation in WSe₂ Feedback Field-Effect Transistor.","authors":"Seung-Mo Kim, Jae Hyeon Jun, Junho Lee, Muhammad Taqi, Hoseong Shin, Sungwon Lee, Haewon Lee, Won Jong Yoo, Byoung Hun Lee","doi":"10.3390/nano14201667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14201667","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Feedback field-effect transistors (FBFETs) have been studied to obtain near-zero subthreshold swings at 300 K with a high on/off current ratio ~10¹⁰. However, their structural complexity, such as an epitaxy process after an etch process for a Si channel with a thickness of several nanometers, has limited broader research. We demonstrated a FBFET using in-plane WSe₂ p-n homojunction. The WSe₂ FBFET exhibited a minimum subthreshold swing of 153 mV/dec with 30 nm gate dielectric. Our modeling-based projection indicates that the swing of this device can be reduced to 14 mV/dec with 1 nm EOT. Also, the gain of the inverter using the WSe₂ FBFET can be improved by up to 1.53 times compared to a silicon CMOS inverter, and power consumption can be reduced by up to 11.9%.</p>","PeriodicalId":18966,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142504473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bubble Printing of Liquid Metal Colloidal Particles for Conductive Patterns.","authors":"Masaru Mukai, Tatsuya Kobayashi, Mitsuki Sato, Juri Asada, Kazuhide Ueno, Taichi Furukawa, Shoji Maruo","doi":"10.3390/nano14201665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14201665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bubble printing is a patterning method in which particles are accumulated by the convection of bubbles generated by laser focusing. It is attracting attention as a method that enables the high-speed, high-precision patterning of various micro/nanoparticles. Although the bubble printing method is used for metallic particles and organic particles, most reports have focused on the patterning of solid particles and not on the patterning of liquid particles. In this study, liquid metal wiring patterns were fabricated using a bubble printing method in which eutectic gallium‒indium alloy (EGaIn) colloidal particles (≈diameter 0.7 µm) were fixed on a glass substrate by generating microbubbles through heat generation by focusing a femtosecond laser beam on the EGaIn colloidal particles. The wiring was then made conductive by replacing gallium oxide, which served as a resistance layer on the surface of the EGaIn colloidal particles, with silver via galvanic replacement. Fine continuous lines of liquid metal colloids with a line width of 3.4 µm were drawn by reducing the laser power. Liquid metal wiring with a conductivity of ≈1.5 × 10⁵ S/m was formed on a glass substrate. It was confirmed that the conductivity remained consistent even when the glass substrate was bent to a curvature of 0.02 m^-1.</p>","PeriodicalId":18966,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142504378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interface Synergistic Effect of NiFe-LDH/3D GA Composites on Efficient Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation.","authors":"Jiangcheng Zhang, Qiuhan Cao, Xin Yu, Hu Yao, Baolian Su, Xiaohui Guo","doi":"10.3390/nano14201661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14201661","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Currently, NiFe-LDH exhibits an excellent oxygen evolution reaction (OER) due to the interaction of the two metal elements on the layered double hydroxide (LDH) platform. However, such interaction is still insufficient to compensate for its poor electrical conductivity, limited number of active sites and sluggish dynamics. Herein, a feasible two-step hydrothermal strategy that involves coupling low-conductivity NiFe-LDH with 3D porous graphene aerogel (GA) is proposed. The optimized NiFe-LDH/GA (1:1) produced possesses a 257 mV (10 mA cm^-2) overpotential and could operate stably for 56 h in an OER. Our investigation demonstrates that the NiFe-LDH/GA has a three-dimensional mesoporous structure, and that there is synergistic interaction between LDH and GA and interfacial reconstruction of NiOOH. Such an interface synergistic coupling effect promotes fast mass transfer and facilitates OER kinetics, and this work offers new insights into designing efficient and stable GA-based electrocatalysts.</p>","PeriodicalId":18966,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510525/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142504493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronic and Optical Properties of 2D Heterostructure Bilayers of Graphene, Borophene and 2D Boron Carbides from First Principles.","authors":"Lu Niu, Oliver J Conquest, Carla Verdi, Catherine Stampfl","doi":"10.3390/nano14201659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14201659","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the present work the atomic, electronic and optical properties of two-dimensional graphene, borophene, and boron carbide heterojunction bilayer systems (Graphene-BC₃, Graphene-Borophene and Graphene-B₄C₃) as well as their constituent monolayers are investigated on the basis of first-principles calculations using the HSE06 hybrid functional. Our calculations show that while borophene is metallic, both monolayer BC₃ and B₄C₃ are indirect semiconductors, with band-gaps of 1.822 eV and 2.381 eV as obtained using HSE06. The Graphene-BC₃ and Graphene-B₄C₃ bilayer heterojunction systems maintain the Dirac point-like character of graphene at the K-point with the opening of a very small gap (20-50 meV) and are essentially semi-metals, while Graphene-Borophene is metallic. All bilayer heterostructure systems possess absorbance in the visible region where the resonance frequency and resonance absorption peak intensity vary between structures. Remarkably, all heterojunctions support plasmons within the range 16.5-18.5 eV, while Graphene-B₄C₃ and Graphene-Borophene exhibit a π-type plasmon within the region 4-6 eV, with the latter possessing an additional plasmon at the lower energy of 1.5-3 eV. The dielectric tensor for Graphene-B₄C₃ exhibits complex off-diagonal elements due to the lower P3 space group symmetry indicating it has anisotropic dielectric properties and could exhibit optically active (chiral) effects. Our study shows that the two-dimensional heterostructures have desirable optical properties broadening the potential applications of the constituent monolayers.</p>","PeriodicalId":18966,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142504482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrical Transport Properties of PbS Quantum Dot/Graphene Heterostructures.","authors":"Haosong Ying, Binbin Wei, Qing Zang, Jiduo Dong, Hao Zhang, Hao Tian, Chunheng Liu, Yang Liu","doi":"10.3390/nano14201656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14201656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The integration of PbS quantum dots (QDs) with graphene represents a notable advancement in enhancing the optoelectronic properties of quantum-dot-based devices. This study investigated the electrical transport properties of PbS quantum dot (QD)/graphene heterostructures, leveraging the high carrier mobility of graphene. We fabricated QD/graphene/SiO₂/Si heterostructures by synthesizing p-type monolayer graphene via chemical vapor deposition and spin-coating PbS QDs on the surface. Then, we used a low-temperature electrical transport measurement system to study the electrical transport properties of the heterostructure under different temperature, gate voltage, and light conditions and compared them with bare graphene samples. The results indicated that the QD/graphene samples exhibited higher resistance than graphene alone, with both resistances slightly increasing with temperature. The QD/graphene samples exhibited significant hole doping, with conductivity increasing from 0.0002 Ω^-1 to 0.0007 Ω^-1 under gate voltage modulation. As the temperature increased from 5 K to 300 K, hole mobility decreased from 1200 cm²V^-1s^-1 to 400 cm²V^-1s^-1 and electron mobility decreased from 800 cm²V^-1s^-1 to 200 cm²V^-1s^-1. Infrared illumination reduced resistance, thereby enhancing conductivity, with a resistance change of about 0.4%/mW at a gate voltage of 125 V, demonstrating the potential of these heterostructures for infrared photodetector applications. These findings offer significant insights into the charge transport mechanisms in low-dimensional materials, paving the way for high-performance optoelectronic devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":18966,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142504481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted PHA Microsphere-Loaded Triple-Drug System with Sustained Drug Release for Synergistic Chemotherapy and Gene Therapy.","authors":"Shuo Wang, Chao Zhang, Huandi Liu, Xueyu Fan, Shuangqing Fu, Wei Li, Honglei Zhang","doi":"10.3390/nano14201657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14201657","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The combination of paclitaxel (PTX) with other chemotherapy drugs (e.g., gemcitabine, GEM) or genetic drugs (e.g., siRNA) has been shown to enhance therapeutic efficacy against tumors, reduce individual drug dosages, and prevent drug resistance associated with single-drug treatments. However, the varying solubility of chemotherapy drugs and genetic drugs presents a challenge in co-delivering these agents. In this study, nanoparticles loaded with PTX were prepared using the biodegradable polymer material poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx). These nanoparticles were surface-modified with target proteins (Affibody molecules) and RALA cationic peptides to create core-shell structured microspheres with targeted and cationic functionalization. A three-drug co-delivery system (PTX@PHBHHx-ARP/siRNA_GEM) were developed by electrostatically adsorbing siRNA chains containing GEM onto the microsphere surface. The encapsulation efficiency of PTX in the nanodrug was found to be 81.02%, with a drug loading of 5.09%. The chemogene adsorption capacity of siRNA_GEM was determined to be 97.3%. Morphological and size characterization of the nanodrug revealed that PTX@PHBHHx-ARP/siRNA_GEM is a rough-surfaced microsphere with a particle size of approximately 150 nm. This nanodrug exhibited targeting capabilities toward BT474 cells with HER2 overexpression while showing limited targeting ability toward MCF-7 cells with low HER2 expression. Results from the MTT assay demonstrated that PTX@PHBHHx-ARP/siRNA_GEM exhibits high cytotoxicity and excellent combination therapy efficacy compared to physically mixed PTX/GEM/siRNA. Additionally, Western blot analysis confirmed that siRNA-mediated reduction of Bcl-2 expression significantly enhanced cell apoptosis mediated by PTX or GEM in tumor cells, thereby increasing cell sensitivity to PTX and GEM. This study presents a novel targeted nanosystem for the co-delivery of chemotherapy drugs and genetic drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":18966,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142504521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Synergistic Effect of Decoration and Doping in Silver/Strontium Titanate for Air Remediation.","authors":"Marcela Frías Ordóñez, Elisabetta Sacco, Marco Scavini, Giuseppina Cerrato, Alessia Giordana, Ermelinda Falletta, Claudia Letizia Bianchi","doi":"10.3390/nano14201663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14201663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Strontium titanate (STO) and its variants have emerged as leading materials in photocatalysis, particularly for degrading nitrogen oxides (NOx), due to their non-toxic nature, structural adaptability, and exceptional thermal stability. Although the one-pot sol-gel method leads to high-quality photocatalysts, areas remain for improvement. This study examines the impact of ethanol as a cosolvent in STO synthesis, focusing on optimizing the water-to-ethanol volume ratio. The findings reveal that a 1:3 ratio significantly enhances macropore formation and photocatalytic efficiency, achieving 42% NOx degradation under LED within three hours. Furthermore, incorporating 8.0 wt.% Ag into STO substantially improves visible light absorption and enables complete NOx elimination, thanks to enhanced charge separation and localized surface plasmon resonance. Even at high temperatures (1100 °C), the Ag-STO photocatalyst maintains partial activity, despite exceeding silver's melting point. These results highlight the potential of STO-based materials for industrial applications, positioning them as a promising solution for effective NOx mitigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":18966,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510593/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142504495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemistry of Reduced Graphene Oxide: Implications for the Electrophysical Properties of Segregated Graphene-Polymer Composites.","authors":"Maxim K Rabchinskii, Kseniya A Shiyanova, Maria Brzhezinskaya, Maksim V Gudkov, Sviatoslav D Saveliev, Dina Yu Stolyarova, Mikhail K Torkunov, Ratibor G Chumakov, Artem Yu Vdovichenko, Polina D Cherviakova, Nikolai I Novosadov, Diana Z Nguen, Natalia G Ryvkina, Alexander V Shvidchenko, Nikita D Prasolov, Valery P Melnikov","doi":"10.3390/nano14201664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14201664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conductive polymer composites (CPCs) with nanocarbon fillers are at the high end of modern materials science, advancing current electronic applications. Herein, we establish the interplay between the chemistry and electrophysical properties of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), separately and as a filler for CPCs with the segregated structure conferred by the chemical composition of the initial graphene oxide (GO). A set of experimental methods, namely X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, van der Paw and temperature-dependent sheet resistance measurements, along with dielectric spectroscopy, are employed to thoroughly examine the derived materials. The alterations in the composition of oxygen groups along with their beneficial effect on nitrogen doping upon GO reduction by hydrazine are tracked with the help of XPS. The slight defectiveness of the graphene network is found to boost the conductivity of the material due to facilitating the impact of the nitrogen lone-pair electrons in charge transport. In turn, a sharp drop in material conductivity is indicated upon further disruption of the π-conjugated network, predominantly governing the charge transport. Particularly, the transition from the Mott variable hopping transport mechanism to the Efros-Shklovsky one is signified. Finally, the impact of rGO chemistry and physics on the electrophysical properties of CPCs with the segregated structure is evaluated. Taken together, our results give a hint at how GO chemistry manifests the properties of rGO and the CPC derived from it, offering compelling opportunities for their practical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":18966,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11509990/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142504469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salmon-IgM Functionalized-PLGA Nanosystem for Florfenicol Delivery as an Antimicrobial Strategy against <i>Piscirickettsia salmonis</i>.","authors":"Felipe Velásquez, Mateus Frazao, Arturo Diez, Felipe Villegas, Marcelo Álvarez-Bidwell, J Andrés Rivas-Pardo, Eva Vallejos-Vidal, Felipe Reyes-López, Daniela Toro-Ascuy, Manuel Ahumada, Sebastián Reyes-Cerpa","doi":"10.3390/nano14201658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14201658","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salmonid rickettsial septicemia (SRS), caused by <i>Piscirickettsia salmonis</i>, has been the most severe health concern for the Chilean salmon industry. The efforts to control <i>P. salmonis</i> infections have focused on using antibiotics and vaccines. However, infected salmonids exhibit limited responses to the treatments. Here, we developed a poly (D, L-lactide-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-nanosystem functionalized with Atlantic salmon IgM (PLGA-IgM) to specifically deliver florfenicol into infected cells. Polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared via the double emulsion solvent-evaporation method in the presence of florfenicol. Later, the PLGA-NPs were functionalized with Atlantic salmon IgM through carbodiimide chemistry. The nanosystem showed an average size of ~380-410 nm and a negative surface charge. Further, florfenicol encapsulation efficiency was close to 10%. We evaluated the internalization of the nanosystem and its impact on bacterial load in SHK-1 cells by using confocal microscopy and qPCR. The results suggest that stimulation with the nanosystem elicits a decrease in the bacterial load of <i>P. salmonis</i> when it infects Atlantic salmon macrophages. Overall, the IgM-functionalized PLGA-based nanosystem represents an alternative to the administration of antibiotics in salmon farming, complementing the delivery of antibiotics with the stimulation of the immune response of infected macrophages.</p>","PeriodicalId":18966,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142504513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailoring the Spin Reorientation Transition of Co Films by Pd Monolayer Capping.","authors":"Benito Santos Burgos, Raúl López-Martín, José A De Toro, Chris Binns, Andreas K Schmid, Juan de la Figuera","doi":"10.3390/nano14201662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14201662","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We have characterized the magnetization easy-axis of ultra-thin Co films (2-5 atomic layers, AL) grown on Ru(0001) when they are capped with a monolayer of Pd. The addition of a Pd monolayer turns the magnetization of 3 and 4 AL-thick Co films from an in-plane to an out-of-plane alignment, but not that of a 5 AL-thick film. These observations are explained in terms of an enhancement of the surface anisotropy. The exposure of the sample to hydrogen, CO or a combination of both gases does not overcome this effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":18966,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510370/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142504520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}