Molecular Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Triphala Modulates the Membrane Vesicle Transcriptome of Enterococcus durans VIT3 to Influence Antibiotic Response and Probiotic Functions.","authors":"Venkatramanan Mahendrarajan, Gomathi Nayagam Sankaranarayanan, Gothandam Kodiveri Muthukaliannan, Nalini Easwaran","doi":"10.1007/s12033-026-01578-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12033-026-01578-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Membrane vesicles (MVs) are critical mediators of bacterial communication, physiology, and host interactions. This study explores how triphala, a polyherbal formulation, modulates the RNA cargo of MVs in Enterococcus durans VIT3 isolate under varied stress conditions. The isolated MVs from all treatment conditions (triphala, antibiotics, or sequential combinations) were spherical, intact, with negative zeta potential and sizes ranging from 56.4 to 462.3 nm. Cytotoxicity assays indicated no toxicity toward CaCo2 cells under the tested conditions. Transcriptomic profiling suggested that triphala pretreatment enhanced relative expression of genes linked to oxidative stress defense (ohrB, sodA), envelope integrity (dlt operon, pbp, mprF), and CRISPR-Cas-associated genes (cas1). In contrast, antibiotic first regimens suppressed stress and defense-associated genes, underscoring treatment order effects. Notably, triphala antibiotic sequence condition showed coordinated expression patterns within ATP synthase, arginine deiminase, and CRISPR loci, suggesting operon-level transcriptional organization of metabolic and stress-response pathways. STRING network analysis further supported clustering of genes showing relatively higher expression into functionally related molecules. Collectively, these findings suggest a potential role for triphala in shaping MV RNA cargo, offering a conceptual framework for synbiotic strategies aimed at supporting microbial stress resilience. All transcriptomic observations are based on pooled MV samples, which represent exploratory expression trends rather than statistically inferred differential expression or functional outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18865,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"3674-3687"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147964311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles from the Cell-Free Supernatant of Mychonastes sp. B1: Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Effects, and Wound Healing Activity Supported by Gene and Protein Expression Analysis.","authors":"Enver Ersoy Andeden, Serap Nigdelioglu Dolanbay, Gulsah Avci, Belma Aslim","doi":"10.1007/s12033-026-01579-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12033-026-01579-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using microalgae provides a sustainable alternative to conventional physicochemical methods. In this study, AgNPs were synthesized from the cell-free supernatant of the freshwater microalga Mychonastes sp. B1 and characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and field-emission scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FE-SEM/EDS). The nanoparticles were predominantly spherical (15-55 nm), highly stable (ζ =  - 42.8 mV), and appeared to be capped by extracellular polymeric substances. The biogenic AgNPs (GS-AgNPs) exhibited potent antibacterial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 2.0 µg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus and 2.5 µg/mL against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited biofilm formation. Fibroblast viability remained at or above 80% at AgNP concentrations up to 1.5 µg/mL, which promoted cell migration and increased wound closure by 8.1% at 24 h (p < 0.05). Exposure to 1.5 µg/mL AgNPs significantly upregulated extracellular matrix markers (Col1a1 2.3-fold, Fn1 3.3-fold at mRNA level; COL1A1 2.1-fold, FN1 2.7-fold at the protein level). These findings indicate that GS-AgNPs possess antimicrobial and wound healing properties, highlighting their potential as biocompatible nanomaterials for biomedical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":18865,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"3641-3658"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-hydrogen-producing Potential Evaluation and Capacity Enhancement from Tobacco Processing Leftovers by Photo-fermentation Under Diverse Initial pH.","authors":"Yinggang Jiao, Mengge Jiang, Yameng Li, Fuke Ai, Quanguo Zhang, Zhiping Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s12033-023-00968-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12033-023-00968-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of tobacco growing and processing residues for bio-hydrogen production is an effective exploration to broaden the source of bio-hydrogen production raw materials and realize waste recycling. In this study, bio-hydrogen-producing potential was evaluated and the effect of diverse initial pH on hydrogen production performance was investigated. The cumulative hydrogen yield (CHY) and the properties of fermentation liquid were monitored. The modified Gompertz model was adopted to analyze the kinetic characteristics of photo-fermentation bio-hydrogen production process. Results showed that CHY increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of initial pH. Highest CHY and hydrogen production rate of appeared at the initial pH of 8, which were 257.7 mL and 6.15 mL/h, respectively. The acidic initial pH was found to severely limit the bio-hydrogen production capacity. The correlation coefficients (R²) of hydrogen production kinetics parameters were all greater than 0.99, meaning that the fitting effect was good. The main metabolites of bacteria in the system were acetic acid, butyric acid, and ethanol, and the consumption of acetic acid was promoted with the increase of initial pH.</p>","PeriodicalId":18865,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"3775-3781"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138295492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oscillatoria sancta Cultivation Using Fruit and Vegetable Waste Formulated Media and Its Potential as a Functional Food: Assessment of Cultivation Optimization.","authors":"Saroj Bala, Diksha Garg, Urmila Gupta Phutela, Manpreet Kaur, Surekha Bhatia","doi":"10.1007/s12033-023-00883-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12033-023-00883-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The most cost-effective technique to cultivate microalgae is with low-cost resources, like fruit and vegetable peels. This study examined the viability of culturing microalgae (Oscillatoria sancta PCC 7515) isolated from a waterlogged region of Punjab, India, in a low-cost medium (fruit and vegetable waste peels) for pharmaceutical use. 16S rRNA sequencing discovered O. sancta PCC 7515. Fruit and vegetable peels were mineralized and chemically analyzed. At a 5% Bacillus flexus concentration, fruit and vegetable peels were liquefied at room temperature for 24 h. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to assess and improve important cultural variables. The RSM predicted the best results at 10 pH, 30 days of incubation, 5% inoculum concentration, and 5% fruit and vegetable waste liquid leachate. The optimum conditions yielded more biomass than the basal conditions (0.8001 g/L). O. sancta PCC 7515 produced more lipids, proteins, Chl a, and Chl b in a formulated alternate medium than standard media. This study shows that O. sancta PCC 7515 may thrive on fruit and vegetable peel media. Fruit and vegetable waste (FVW) media assure low-cost microalgae-based functional foods.</p>","PeriodicalId":18865,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"3746-3764"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41135574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Paradigm of Phyto-Nanofabricated Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Recent Advancements, Applications, and Challenges.","authors":"Jigyasa Pathak, Bhamini Pandey, Poonam Singh, Ravinder Kumar, Sandeep Kaushik, Ishwar Prasad Sahu, Tarun Kumar Thakur, Amit Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s12033-023-00799-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12033-023-00799-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of nanotechnology, in particular metal oxide nanoparticles, has captured immense scientific attention in the global arena due to their unique properties leading to their unique diverse applications. But the use of toxic precursors and high operational cost make existing methodologies inefficient for synthesising metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs). Biogenic synthesis of MONPs has been hailed as a more sustainable approach for the synthesis of NPs due to its alignment with the principles of green chemistry. Microorganisms (bacteria, yeast, algae), animal sources (silk, fur, etc.), and plants are effective, low-cost, and eco-friendly means of synthesizing MONPs since they possess a high bio-reduction abilities to produce NPs of various shapes and sizes. The current review encompasses recent advancements in the field of plant-mediated MONP synthesis and characterisation. The detailed evaluation of various synthesis processes and parameters, key influencing factors affecting the synthesis efficiency and product morphology, practical applications with insight into the associated limitations and challenges presents a valuable database that will be helpful in developing alternative prospects and potential engineering applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":18865,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"3491-3511"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9768092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microalgae-Based Disinfectant Formulation for Aseptic Processing of Ethiopian Ingredient-Sourced Functional Bread and Its Molecular Docking Analysis to Reduce Hypernatremia.","authors":"Toshika Mishra, Emebet Kidie, Suneetha Vuppu","doi":"10.1007/s12033-023-00970-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12033-023-00970-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The global prevalence of food-borne infections has become a major concern. Food-borne pathogens like Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella enterica, and Clostridium botulinum cause food poisoning and even mortality, necessitating the maintenance of aseptic conditions during food processing. The sterilization of food processing facilities often requires chemical and heat treatment. The formulation of many chemical-based disinfectants includes chemicals generating toxic and carcinogenic by-products. The microalgae like Chlorella spp. reportedly exhibit antimicrobial activity and therefore, can be used for formulating safer and eco-friendly natural sanitizers. This study aims to aseptically prepare functional bread using Ethiopian ingredients, highlighting the application of microalgae-based disinfectant formulation and various disinfection techniques. The functional bread was designed to be potentially effective in reducing hypernatremia condition which is indicative of high levels of sodium in serum that can cause an array of symptoms including deaths in serious cases. The physico-chemical and sensory properties of the designed functional bread were analyzed. The interaction of phytochemicals in the ingredients with the target receptor (Vasopressin V2 receptor) and their drug-likeness were determined using molecular docking and Lipinski's rule of five analyses. The results suggest that the designed functional bread incorporating Ethiopian ingredients may serve as an effective dietary strategy to prevent hypernatremia. Aseptic processing of the bread ensures longer shelf life and prevention of spoilage by food pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":18865,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"3782-3798"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138291409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an Efficient Regeneration and Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation Protocol for Hosta 'Light Star' Using the RUBY Reporter Gene.","authors":"Hangkuan Zhou, Yidi Qin, Shuang Liu, Xinyue Zhang, Chen Chen, Jinzhu Zhang, Tao Yang, Wuhua Zhang, Jinping Fan","doi":"10.1007/s12033-026-01575-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12033-026-01575-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hosta plantaginea is a perennial shade-tolerant herb of the Liliaceae family, with high ornamental and urban greening value. Hosta 'Light Star' is a newly developed ornamental cultivar with yellow-margined leaves and lilac flowers, but no efficient in vitro regeneration or genetic transformation system has been established for this cultivar to date. In this study, we established a highly efficient in vitro regeneration system for Hosta 'Light Star,' and developed an Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation protocol using the RUBY visual reporter gene for non-invasive screening of positive transformants. The optimal callus induction medium was MS + 2 mg/L 6-BA + 0.3 mg/L NAA + 0.05 mg/L 2, 4-D, with a callus induction rate of 53.33% for leaf explants (the optimal explant for sterile seedlings). The optimal adventitious bud proliferation medium was MS + 2 mg/L 6-BA + 0.1 mg/L NAA, with a proliferation coefficient of 5.87. The optimal rooting medium was 1/2 MS + 0.5 mg/L NAA + 0.5 mg/L IBA, with a 100% rooting rate. The optimal transplant substrate was perlite:vermiculite = 2:1, with a 100% transplant survival rate after acclimatization. For Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, the optimal infection parameters were as follows: Agrobacterium suspension OD₆₀₀ = 0.6, infection time of 10 min, and 200 μM acetosyringone; the optimal selection conditions were 300 mg/L cefotaxime for bacteriostasis and 30 mg/L hygromycin for transformant screening. The final stable transformation efficiency was 2.50% (95% CI 1.23-3.77%), with an escape rate of 16.13%. Transgenic plants showed distinct purplish-red coloration in roots, stems, and leaves, with significantly higher betacyanin accumulation than wild-type plants (p < 0.05). Stable integration and expression of the RUBY gene were confirmed by PCR, RT-PCR, and RT-qPCR. This study establishes the first efficient regeneration and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system for Hosta 'Light Star,' and validates the feasibility of the RUBY reporter gene as a visual marker for Hosta transformation. This system provides a solid technical platform for functional genomic studies, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing, and molecular breeding of ornamental traits in Hosta.</p>","PeriodicalId":18865,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"3591-3606"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147729513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UCOE-Mediated Transcriptional Stabilization Combined with EGFP-Based FACS Screening Enables Efficient Selection of High-Producing CHO Cells.","authors":"Reyhane Lohrasbi, Abbas Daneshipour, Seyede Hoda Jazayeri, Zahra Halfinezhad, Masoumeh Azimi, Baharak Abd Emami, Azam Dalman, Mohsen Gharanfoli, Amir Amiri-Yekta","doi":"10.1007/s12033-026-01598-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12033-026-01598-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Position effects and transgene silencing remain major obstacles to the generation of stable high-producing CHO cell lines. Applying genetic regulatory elements, such as a ubiquitous chromatin-opening element (UCOE), can mitigate these limitations by maintaining a transcriptionally permissive chromatin environment and supporting sustained transgene expression. In parallel, EGFP-based fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) enables a rapid and efficient platform for the identification and enrichment of high-producing cell populations. Here, we have used the combined strategy of FACS-based screening and UCOE to accelerate the clonal selection and enhance recombinant Darbepoetin alfa (DPO) productivity in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. Accordingly, two plasmids were designed: pOptiVEC™ (non-UCOE) and CET1019HD (containing a UCOE). Both contained a codon-optimized Darbepoetin alfa-LoxP-IRES-EGFP-LoxP-IRES-DHFR fragment. To achieve a stable cell line, the cassettes were linearized and transfected into CHO DG44 cells. Then, EGFP was used as a selection marker in FACS to enrich cells with the brightest green fluorescence intensity. Subsequently, DPO and EGFP expression were assessed at the transcriptional and protein levels using qRT-PCR, Flow cytometry, western blotting, and ELISA. Expression analysis revealed that all UCOE-containing cell pools exhibited higher DPO yield compared with non-UCOE populations. Indeed, FACS sorting and enrichment of UCOE-containing cells led to a clone with more than an eightfold increase in productivity. Moreover, isolating high-producing cells via FACS with a simple gate yielded a 1.5-fold increase in target protein concentration compared with unsorted cells. This study demonstrated that UCOE-mediated transcriptional stabilization establishes a robust expression framework while EGFP-based FACS screening enables efficient enrichment of high-producing cells. Combining them enhances protein yield with potential for further optimization in larger-scale applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":18865,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148819042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Integrated Pipeline for Detection and Annotation of Variants in Whole Exome Sequencing Data.","authors":"Karthikasri Karuppusamy, Shobana Sundar","doi":"10.1007/s12033-026-01599-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12033-026-01599-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Whole exome sequencing (WES) focuses on the protein-coding regions of the genome and it serves as a cost-effective technique for identifying disease-causing mutations. However, the analysis of WES data remains time-consuming and complicated due to the extensive amount of data generated and the numerous tools available to analyze the data. In this study, we have developed an integrated pipeline for detecting and annotating genetic variants in WES data. The developed pipeline helps in efficiently analyzing the large volumes of genomic information produced by WES. It streamlines the workflow by integrating several open-source bioinformatics tools within the Snakemake workflow management system (WMS), ensuring scalability, reproducibility, and ease of use. The developed Snakemake pipeline covers the entire WES analysis workflow, from initial quality control and pre-processing of raw sequencing data to final variant calling and annotation. It includes implementing robust quality control measures using tools like FastQC and Trimmomatic and developing efficient read mapping with Burrows-Wheeler Aligner-Maximum Exact Matches (BWA). It also focuses on creating accurate variant calling and filtration processes using GATK (Genome Analysis Toolkit). This work also focuses on building a comprehensive variant annotation approach. This process encompasses a fully integrated, end-to-end pipeline for WES analysis. The pipeline will significantly improve accuracy in identifying clinically relevant genetic variants. It provides a standardized and reproducible workflow for clinical research. Furthermore, its open-source nature will allow for community contributions and ongoing refinement of WES analysis methods, ensuring that the pipeline remains at the forefront of genomic research technologies for disease diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":18865,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative Phylogenetic Study of Bulbophyllum Species (Orchidaceae), Based on Morphological Characters, nrITS and psbA-trnH Sequences.","authors":"Sohini Deb, Md Sayeedul Alam, Judith Mary Lamo, Amrita Choudhury, Hiranjit Choudhury, Satyawada Rama Rao","doi":"10.1007/s12033-026-01605-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12033-026-01605-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bulbophyllum is a large and highly diverse genus of the family Orchidaceae. Investigations in the Northeast Indian region have revealed an abundance of various Bulbophyllum species. However, the taxonomy and phylogeny of these North-eastern species still remain unresolved. This study is the first comprehensive phylogenetic assessment of 20 species of Bulbophyllum from Northeast India, revealing new insights into their relationships. The complete nuclear ITS region (nrITS) (ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2) and the non-coding psbA-trnH intergenic spacer of plastid DNA, together with the morphometric characters were used to resolve the phylogeny of Bulbophyllum species of Northeast India. Individual as well as combined datasets were analysed to evaluate marker performance and overall resolution. The nrITS dataset showed better resolving ability as compared to plastid DNA marker. Phylogenetic trees generated from the combined analysis of morphological and molecular dataset provided the most robust phylogenetic framework, particularly at the sectional level. The results support the inclusion of B. reptans in the section Reptantia, rather than in Racemosae. The three species viz. B. odoratissimum, B. trichocephalum and B. cauliflorum were found to have a closer relationship suggesting that they belong to the same section. The section Desmosanthes needs further investigation to re-define its boundaries. Overall, this integrative approach improves the resolution of phylogenetic relationships within Bulbophyllum and provides a refined taxonomic framework. Furthermore, taxonomic key for the 20 species has also been developed to facilitate accurate identification, based on reliable diagnostic traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":18865,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148795592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}