{"title":"Phyto-Assisted Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) Using Delonix elata Extract: Characterization, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Photocatalytic Activities.","authors":"Ragavendran Chinnasamy, Arumugam Priyadharsan, Chinnaperumal Kamaraj, Salim Manoharadas, Venkatesan Manigandan, Mukhtar Ahmed, Naushad Ahmad","doi":"10.1007/s12033-025-01449-x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of present study mainly focuses on the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) utilizing an aqueous extract of Delonix elata, which is an ecologically friendly and sustainable approach. The synthesized Ag-NPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM with EDAX, TEM and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). A prominent absorption peak at 404 nm in the UV-visible spectrum proved successful nanoparticle synthesis, while FTIR confirmed various functional groups, including methyl, carboxylic acids, and phenolic compounds, involved in the reduction and capping of Ag-NPs. The XRD spectrum shows distinct peaks at 2θ values of 38.02º, 46.15º, 64.41º, and 77.31º, which correspond to the (111), (200), (220), and (311) crystalline planes, respectively. The outcomes validate the existence of Ag-NPs by confirming the face-centered cubic (FCC) shape. SEM and TEM showed spherically arranged particles ranging from 7 to 25 nm. EDAX spectra indicated significant silver content (65.5%) with protein capping. The D. elata produced Ag-NPs had an average zeta potential of - 19.8 mV and a standard variation of 0.8 mV, indicating considerable electrostatic stability. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) assessment confirmed the production of metallic silver and revealed the surface state makeup of Ag-NPs. Ag-NPs exhibited excellent antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones against E. coli (15.2 mm), P. aeruginosa (17.5 mm), S. mutans (19.2 mm), and S. aureus (12.5 mm). Additionally, the nanoparticles demonstrated strong antioxidant activity, with inhibition rates of 72.55% (ABTS) and 78.23% (DPPH) at 100 μg/mL. Anti-inflammatory tests showed 87% membrane stability in human red blood cells at 100 μg/mL. Additionally, cytotoxicity test against MCF-7 cancer cells revealed an IC<sub>50</sub> of 23.43 μg/mL. Treated cells showed significant morphological changes, but no changes were noticed in the control cells. Furthermore, Ag-NPs showed promising photocatalytic activity, achieving 85.3% degradation of methylene blue, highlighting their potential for biomedical and environmental applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":18865,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Molecular Biotechnology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12033-025-01449-x","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The aim of present study mainly focuses on the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) utilizing an aqueous extract of Delonix elata, which is an ecologically friendly and sustainable approach. The synthesized Ag-NPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM with EDAX, TEM and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). A prominent absorption peak at 404 nm in the UV-visible spectrum proved successful nanoparticle synthesis, while FTIR confirmed various functional groups, including methyl, carboxylic acids, and phenolic compounds, involved in the reduction and capping of Ag-NPs. The XRD spectrum shows distinct peaks at 2θ values of 38.02º, 46.15º, 64.41º, and 77.31º, which correspond to the (111), (200), (220), and (311) crystalline planes, respectively. The outcomes validate the existence of Ag-NPs by confirming the face-centered cubic (FCC) shape. SEM and TEM showed spherically arranged particles ranging from 7 to 25 nm. EDAX spectra indicated significant silver content (65.5%) with protein capping. The D. elata produced Ag-NPs had an average zeta potential of - 19.8 mV and a standard variation of 0.8 mV, indicating considerable electrostatic stability. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) assessment confirmed the production of metallic silver and revealed the surface state makeup of Ag-NPs. Ag-NPs exhibited excellent antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones against E. coli (15.2 mm), P. aeruginosa (17.5 mm), S. mutans (19.2 mm), and S. aureus (12.5 mm). Additionally, the nanoparticles demonstrated strong antioxidant activity, with inhibition rates of 72.55% (ABTS) and 78.23% (DPPH) at 100 μg/mL. Anti-inflammatory tests showed 87% membrane stability in human red blood cells at 100 μg/mL. Additionally, cytotoxicity test against MCF-7 cancer cells revealed an IC50 of 23.43 μg/mL. Treated cells showed significant morphological changes, but no changes were noticed in the control cells. Furthermore, Ag-NPs showed promising photocatalytic activity, achieving 85.3% degradation of methylene blue, highlighting their potential for biomedical and environmental applications.
期刊介绍：
Molecular Biotechnology publishes original research papers on the application of molecular biology to both basic and applied research in the field of biotechnology. Particular areas of interest include the following: stability and expression of cloned gene products, cell transformation, gene cloning systems and the production of recombinant proteins, protein purification and analysis, transgenic species, developmental biology, mutation analysis, the applications of DNA fingerprinting, RNA interference, and PCR technology, microarray technology, proteomics, mass spectrometry, bioinformatics, plant molecular biology, microbial genetics, gene probes and the diagnosis of disease, pharmaceutical and health care products, therapeutic agents, vaccines, gene targeting, gene therapy, stem cell technology and tissue engineering, antisense technology, protein engineering and enzyme technology, monoclonal antibodies, glycobiology and glycomics, and agricultural biotechnology.
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