Satyanarayana Telikepalli, Madhavan Swaminathan, D. Keezer
{"title":"Minimizing simultaneous switching noise at reduced power with power transmission lines for high-speed signaling","authors":"Satyanarayana Telikepalli, Madhavan Swaminathan, D. Keezer","doi":"10.1109/EPEPS.2012.6457836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPS.2012.6457836","url":null,"abstract":"Signal and power integrity are crucial for ensuring high performance in high speed digital systems. As the operating frequency of digital systems increases, the power and ground bounce created by simultaneous switching noise (SSN) has become a limiting factor for the performance of these devices. SSN is caused by parasitic inductance that exists in the power delivery network (PDN), and voltage fluctuations on the power and ground rails can lead to reduced noise margins and can limit the maximum frequency of a digital device. A new PDN design has been suggested that achieves significantly reduced SSN [1] by replacing the power plane structure with a power transmission line (PTL). In this paper, a new power delivery scheme is shown to significantly reduce switching noise at lower power. This concept has been demonstrated through theory, simulation, and measurements.","PeriodicalId":188377,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 21st Conference on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging and Systems","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129168319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Loewner-Matrix based efficient algorithm for frequency sweep of high-speed modules","authors":"M. Kabir, R. Khazaka, R. Achar, M. Nakhla","doi":"10.1109/EPEPS.2012.6457873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPS.2012.6457873","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a new Loewner-Matrix based efficient algorithm for fast frequency sweep of S or Y parameters of highspeed modules is proposed. The new method adaptively minimizes the number of frequency point solutions leading to significant speed-up over conventional methods. The proposed method is identically applicable regardless of the solution methodology of the original simulator.","PeriodicalId":188377,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 21st Conference on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging and Systems","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121186028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Eye prediction of digital driver with power distribution network noise","authors":"Chiu-Chih Chou, Hao-Hsiang Chuang, Tzong-Lin Wu, Shih-Hung Weng, Chung-Kuan Cheng","doi":"10.1109/EPEPS.2012.6457859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPS.2012.6457859","url":null,"abstract":"Algorithms featuring fast and accurate estimation of worst-case eye diagram have been proposed to replace the time-consuming random bit simulation in channel design. However, when the interaction between nonlinear I/O circuits and power distribution network (PDN) noise is included, most of those approaches fail to maintain accuracy. Based on the superposition of multiple bit pattern responses (SMBP) concept, Ren and Oh [1] developed an algorithm to fast predict the eye diagram that theoretically captures any nonlinearity in the circuit. In this paper, a test circuit with PDN was constructed to examine the performance of this algorithm. The experiment results show good agreement with the results simulated by long PRBS in HSPICE.","PeriodicalId":188377,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 21st Conference on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging and Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129746718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Crosstalk through finite ground","authors":"Long Yang, J. Umaretiya","doi":"10.1109/EPEPS.2012.6457877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPS.2012.6457877","url":null,"abstract":"Crosstalk for the case that signals are separated by finite ground is intuitively explored using a set of very simple but effective models, based on the concept of transmission line theory. Both single-ended and differential cases are discussed with the principle of superposition.","PeriodicalId":188377,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 21st Conference on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging and Systems","volume":"203 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132497446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An unconditionally stable finite-element timedomain layered domain-decomposition algorithm for simulating 3D high-speed circuits","authors":"Xiaolei Li, Jianming Jin","doi":"10.1109/EPEPS.2012.6457867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPS.2012.6457867","url":null,"abstract":"Full-wave analysis has become critical to the signal integrity of 3D high-speed circuits due to increased electromagnetic (EM) effects. The finite-element time-domain (FETD) method has become a strong candidate among different EM algorithms and domain decomposition methods have been proposed to avoid the need to solve a global matrix equation in FETD. In this work, a novel unconditionally stable FETD-based domain-decomposition algorithm, named the layered domain decomposition (LADD), is proposed for the simulation of 3D high-speed circuits.","PeriodicalId":188377,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 21st Conference on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging and Systems","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134211942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A partial homomorphic encryption scheme for secure design automation on public clouds","authors":"A. Yu, A. Sathanur, V. Jandhyala","doi":"10.1109/EPEPS.2012.6457871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPS.2012.6457871","url":null,"abstract":"The massive compute power offered by public clouds such as Amazon Web Services EC2 provides for a new paradigm in cost-effective and highly scalable parallel deployment of Electronic Design Automation (EDA) tools. Even though the advantages are myriad, customers perceive an inherent security risk in exposing their IP to the cloud. In this work, we start by outlining the shortcomings of established encryption techniques for use in public machines. Using the example of electromagnetic simulation, we show how the IP (layout and technology) may be reverse-engineered from the Green's function matrix by utilizing the Multi Dimensional Scaling approach. We then propose encryption schemes to defeat such sophisticated hacking attempts using principles of homomorphic encryption, while enabling scalability and computational benefits of public clouds.","PeriodicalId":188377,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 21st Conference on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging and Systems","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114725080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhuo Yan, Chanyoun Won, P. Franzon, K. Aygun, H. Braunisch
{"title":"S-parameter based multimode signaling","authors":"Zhuo Yan, Chanyoun Won, P. Franzon, K. Aygun, H. Braunisch","doi":"10.1109/EPEPS.2012.6457832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPS.2012.6457832","url":null,"abstract":"As the demands for higher density of interconnects and denser packages are increasing, crosstalk is becoming more important in input/output (I/O) design. Multimode signaling has been investigated for crosstalk cancellation. This paper presents a new scattering parameter (S-parameter) based methodology for multimode signaling. The set of coder/decoder coefficients (CODEC) is obtained from the S-parameters of the whole channel, which makes the scheme more applicable for practical systems. The derived CODEC shows a 20 dB improvement in signal-to-noise ratio and 45% reduction of root mean square (RMS) jitter compared with single-ended signaling for a practical benchmark problem.","PeriodicalId":188377,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 21st Conference on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging and Systems","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114388076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Tanaka, M. Toyama, H. Nakashima, J. Yamada, M. Haida, I. Ooshima
{"title":"Chip oriented target impedance for digital power distribution network design","authors":"M. Tanaka, M. Toyama, H. Nakashima, J. Yamada, M. Haida, I. Ooshima","doi":"10.1109/EPEPS.2012.6457881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPS.2012.6457881","url":null,"abstract":"With the advancements in semiconductor process technologies in recent years, noise management has become more difficult. Therefore power distribution network (PDN) design has become more important. This paper describes the target impedance build method. The key techniques are to find the impedance border line of normal chip operation and to set the target impedance which does not exceed that border line. The target impedance which is produced by the proposed method is useful in optimizing the design margin and reducing the chip/package/board size. From the experimental result using a 45-nm process Test Element Group (TEG) chip, the package size was reduced by 21.5%, and the chip size was reduced by 16.4% in comparison with the original design which was not designed using the target impedance. Furthermore, normal chip operation was confirmed by the actual measurement. On the other hand, a working design pattern was not able to be found in the target impedance which was produced by the conventional method. The experimental result demonstrates the validation of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":188377,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 21st Conference on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging and Systems","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125394468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simulation and measurement correlation of random rough surface effects in interconnects","authors":"R. Ding, H. Braunisch, L. Tsang, Wenmo Chang","doi":"10.1109/EPEPS.2012.6457894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPS.2012.6457894","url":null,"abstract":"We study the effects of three dimensional (3D) random roughness on wave propagation in a parallel plate metallic waveguide with finite conductivity. The surface roughness is characterized as a random process characterized by root mean square (rms) height, correlation length and power spectral density (PSD) function. The second order small perturbation method (SPM2) is applied to compute the coherent wave enhancement factors of absorption. A microstrip line structure is designed for validation of these enhancement factor results. Rough surface height profiles are measured on the substrate and the PSD is extracted. With the PSD we obtain the enhancement factor for the specific surface roughness. The attenuation constant of the microstrip line with rough surface can be estimated using a field solution for a smooth surface and the enhancement factor. The results for waveguides are also compared with the results obtained for a plane wave incident on a metal surface with 3D roughness. Comparison between the estimated and measured attenuation constant shows that the enhancement factor derived by SPM2 gives a better estimation than the standard Hammerstad and Bekkadal equation. The waveguide model gives more accurate enhancement factors than the plane wave model at frequencies above 20 GHz, especially for rough surfaces with rms heights larger than 2 μm.","PeriodicalId":188377,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 21st Conference on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging and Systems","volume":"30 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130277787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Norifumi Sasaoka, Takafumi Ochi, M. Oono, C. Ueda, Y. Akiyama, K. Otsuka
{"title":"Novel technology for power and signal integrity using a metal particle conductive layer","authors":"Norifumi Sasaoka, Takafumi Ochi, M. Oono, C. Ueda, Y. Akiyama, K. Otsuka","doi":"10.1109/EPEPS.2012.6457887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPS.2012.6457887","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, power integrity (PI) has been the most important technological issue in the field of electronic circuits and systems and has been addressed in important papers using several different approaches [1][2]. The latest concept of the best PI condition is a low impedance between the power and ground lines or planes that can be maintained regardless of the clock frequency, even in the GHz region. This concept was mentioned in a relatively old book [3] from the 1980s, so it is not the newest idea. However, this condition cannot be completely realized using several of the previously proposed approaches, including many involving the use of low-inductance capacitances. We are aware that the electromagnetic interference (EMI) problems of plane power/ground resonance are induced because of the resonance caused by eddy currents or multiple reflections of voltage fluctuations. A novel technology was used in our previous study in which a conductive layer of dispersed metal particles was used instead of a copper plane [4][5]. This structure improved the PI for any clock frequency, particularly in the GHz region, with an impedance of less than 1 Ω. In this study, we examine the electromagnetic wave transmission data in order to investigate the different physical phenomena, and we present some fundamental data on PI and signal integrity (SI). The results indicate that the use of a transmission line with a metal particle conductive layer can yield various changes in the electromagnetic wave transmission speed, such as an increase of 76% or a decrease of 21%. The Z11 values of the power/GND plane test coupon were from 1.8 to 3.0 Ω in the frequency region from 5 to 20 GHz. These results suggest that the metal particle conductive layer has useful characteristics for improving the PI and SI.","PeriodicalId":188377,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 21st Conference on Electrical Performance of Electronic Packaging and Systems","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127796491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}