MycobiologyPub Date : 2025-08-07eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2025.2537477
Yuan Gao, Zhuo Wang, Xin Wang, Yan Xu, Jianghan Luo, Siming Li, Yang Yang, Lijun Yan, Xiang Zou
{"title":"Impact of Clove Oil on Biofilm Formation in <i>Candida albicans</i> and Its Effects on Mice with Candida Vaginitis.","authors":"Yuan Gao, Zhuo Wang, Xin Wang, Yan Xu, Jianghan Luo, Siming Li, Yang Yang, Lijun Yan, Xiang Zou","doi":"10.1080/12298093.2025.2537477","DOIUrl":"10.1080/12298093.2025.2537477","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, the effects of Clove oil (CEO) on biofilm formation of <i>Candida albicans</i> (<i>C. albicans</i>) were investigated using XTT and crystal violet staining methods. The therapeutic efficacy of CEO was studied using ICR mouse model with candida vaginitis. The potential targets and pathways of the CEO's effect against <i>C. albicans</i> were predicted by network pharmacology. The relative gene levels of CDC42, Ste11, Hst7, CEK1, and CPH1 were evaluated by qPCR. Subsequently, the protein levels of CDC42, CEK1, and p-CEK1 were determined by Western blot. The results indicated CEO can inhibit <i>C. albicans</i> adhesion, mycelium formation and biofilm maturation process. By regulating the related genes and proteins, the CEO can inhibit <i>C. albicans</i> biofilm maturation process, and weaken the ability of <i>C. albicans</i> to cause disease. For candida vaginitis ICR mouse model, CEO can lower inflammatory cytokines levels, alleviated the symptoms of vaginitis, and play a good therapeutic effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":18825,"journal":{"name":"Mycobiology","volume":"53 5","pages":"661-675"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12337725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144822076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MycobiologyPub Date : 2025-08-07eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2025.2535776
Ji-Won Kim, Yun-Jeong Kim, Ahn-Heum Eom
{"title":"Morphological and Phylogenetic Characterization of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Brown Algae (Phaeophyceae) in Korea.","authors":"Ji-Won Kim, Yun-Jeong Kim, Ahn-Heum Eom","doi":"10.1080/12298093.2025.2535776","DOIUrl":"10.1080/12298093.2025.2535776","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Seaweed-associated endophytic fungi have recently attracted considerable attention due to their ecological significance and potential application as biological resources. Accordingly, research efforts to isolate and characterize fungal endophytes from marine macroalgae have accelerated. This study aimed to isolate and identify endophytic fungi from two brown algae, <i>Sargassum thunbergii</i> and <i>S. muticum</i>, collected from intertidal zones in Tongyeong and Pohang, Korea. Identification was performed based on morphological characteristics and multilocus phylogenetic analyses using ITS, LSU, TEF1, TUB2, and RPB2 gene sequences. As a result, three previously unrecorded fungal species in Korea were identified: <i>Neopyrenochaeta telephoni</i>, <i>Trichoderma cyanodichotomum</i>, and <i>Microascus intricatus</i>. This study provides detailed descriptions of their morphological features and phylogenetic relationships. These findings contribute to a better understanding of fungal diversity associated with brown algae in Korea and highlight the potential significance of endophytic fungi in marine ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":18825,"journal":{"name":"Mycobiology","volume":"53 5","pages":"620-628"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12337722/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144822077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MycobiologyPub Date : 2025-08-07eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2025.2535775
Young-Hyun You, Hyeon-Jeong Bae, Jong Myong Park, Youn-Bong Ku, Gi-Heum Nam, Tae Won Kwak, Yeo Jin Bang, Tae-Yong Jeong, Ji Won Hong
{"title":"Fungal and Bacterial Community Dynamics in the Rhizosphere and Rhizoplane of <i>Diabelia spathulata</i> in Relation to Soil Properties.","authors":"Young-Hyun You, Hyeon-Jeong Bae, Jong Myong Park, Youn-Bong Ku, Gi-Heum Nam, Tae Won Kwak, Yeo Jin Bang, Tae-Yong Jeong, Ji Won Hong","doi":"10.1080/12298093.2025.2535775","DOIUrl":"10.1080/12298093.2025.2535775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Diabelia spathulata</i>, a rare deciduous shrub native to East Asia, is critically endangered in Korea, yet little is known about its interactions with soil fungal communities. This study presents the first comprehensive analysis of fungal and bacterial communities in the rhizoplane (RP), rhizosphere (RS), and surrounding soil (SS) of <i>D. spathulata</i> in its natural habitat on Mt. Cheonseong, South Korea. High-throughput sequencing of the ITS and 16S rRNA gene regions revealed distinct microbial assemblages across soil compartments. Fungal taxa such as <i>Russula</i>, <i>Trechispora</i>, and <i>Capronia</i> were enriched in RP and RS, highlighting their potential roles in nutrient cycling, organic matter (OM) decomposition, and symbiosis. In contrast, the SS exhibited greater fungal richness but lower specialization. Among bacteria, root-associated compartments were enriched with plant-beneficial genera such as <i>Bacillus</i> and <i>Bradyrhizobium</i>, while bulk soil hosted more generalist taxa. Soil physicochemical analyses showed higher OM and total nitrogen in RS compared to SS, indicating root-driven enrichment. Correlation and network analyses identified strong links between specific fungal and bacterial taxa and key soil properties including pH, OM, and cation exchange capacity. These results suggest that <i>D. spathulata</i> modulates its RS microbiome to enhance nutrient availability and stress tolerance. This study highlights the ecological significance of fungal communities in root-associated microhabitats and provides foundational knowledge for incorporating soil microbiota into conservation and habitat restoration efforts for endangered plant species.</p>","PeriodicalId":18825,"journal":{"name":"Mycobiology","volume":"53 5","pages":"605-619"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12337736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144822044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Emergence and Prevalence of <i>Puccinia polysora</i> in Korea: A Comparitive Study of Maize Rust Pathogens.","authors":"Yoo Kyeong Lee, Jae Sung Lee, Seong-Jin Lee, Moonjong Kim, Hyeon-Dong Shin, Young-Joon Choi","doi":"10.1080/12298093.2025.2536365","DOIUrl":"10.1080/12298093.2025.2536365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) is a globally important cereal crop, but rust diseases caused by <i>Puccinia</i> species increasingly threaten its production. In Korea, maize rust has historically been attributed to <i>Puccinia sorghi</i>; however, recent field observations have suggested the potential presence of <i>Puccinia polysora</i>. This study performed an integrative approach encompassing morphological, molecular, and physiological analyses to characterize maize rusts across different regions of Korea. Light and scanning electron microscopy revealed two distinct morphological groups, differentiated primarily by urediniospore size and shape. Phylogenetic analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), large subunit (LSU) rDNA, and cytochrome oxidase 3 (COX3) mtDNA sequences confirmed the two groups as <i>P. polysora</i> and <i>P. sorghi</i>. Notably, <i>P. polysora</i> is newly reported in Korea and was the prevalent species over <i>P. sorghi</i> among the collected samples. This study provides novel insights into the identification and epidemiology of maize rusts, contributing to improved disease forecasting and management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18825,"journal":{"name":"Mycobiology","volume":"53 5","pages":"637-647"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12337728/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144822042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MycobiologyPub Date : 2025-08-03eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2025.2532236
Jeong-Heon Kim, Youn-Jin Park, Myoung-Jun Jang
{"title":"Transcriptom Analysis of <i>Auricularia auriculla-judae</i> Fruit Body Treated with Gamma Radiation on Mycelium.","authors":"Jeong-Heon Kim, Youn-Jin Park, Myoung-Jun Jang","doi":"10.1080/12298093.2025.2532236","DOIUrl":"10.1080/12298093.2025.2532236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fungi have a high resistance to gamma radiation. Previous studies elucidating the resistance mechanisms to gamma radiation have mainly been conducted using yeast model organisms, but molecular-level mechanisms targeting fungi have been largely unexplored. In order to examine the response of <i>A. auricula-judae</i> to gamma radiation, we conducted comparative transcriptome analysis using RNA-Seq on fruit bodies derived from mycelium exposed with 200 Gray of gamma radiation. A total of 69,183 unigenes were generated, and annotation was performed through two libraries. According to GO analysis, catalytic activity, cell part, and cellular process groups were identified as the major groups responding to gamma radiation. Differentially expressed genes revealed inhibited expression in amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and cell cycle regulation genes. Furthermore, enhanced cell death promoted resistance by eliminating unstable cells. DNA repair genes were up-regulated, indicating a common defense mechanism of fungi that increases genome integrity by repairing DNA damaged by gamma radiation. Conversely, genes related to antioxidants and laccase were down-regulated, suggesting that resistance response through resolving oxidative stress induced by gamma radiation did not occur. Our study provides valuable data for understanding not only the response of <i>A. auricula-judae</i> to gamma radiation but also the resistance responses of edible mushrooms to gamma radiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":18825,"journal":{"name":"Mycobiology","volume":"53 5","pages":"595-604"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12322991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144789592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MycobiologyPub Date : 2025-07-23eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2025.2532239
So-Jeong Ye, Seong-Keun Lim, Yeon-Su Jeong, Chung-Hyun Lee, Leonid N Ten, Seung-Yeol Lee, Hee-Young Jung
{"title":"<i>Arthrographis abieticola</i> sp. nov., A Novel Soil-Derived Fungal Species from Korea.","authors":"So-Jeong Ye, Seong-Keun Lim, Yeon-Su Jeong, Chung-Hyun Lee, Leonid N Ten, Seung-Yeol Lee, Hee-Young Jung","doi":"10.1080/12298093.2025.2532239","DOIUrl":"10.1080/12298093.2025.2532239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A novel fungal strain, designated KNUF-21-045, was isolated from the rhizosphere soil beneath a Korean fir (<i>Abies koreana</i>) tree in Muju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea. To elucidate its taxonomic status, multilocus sequence analysis was conducted using sequences of the internal transcribed spacer regions, the large subunit ribosomal RNA, and the actin gene. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that strain KNUF-21-045 clustered with <i>Arthrographis globosa</i> and <i>Arthrographis arxii</i> but formed a distinct and well-supported lineage. The strain grew optimally on oatmeal agar and tolerated temperatures from 15 to 42 °C, showing higher thermotolerance than <i>A. globosa</i> but slightly lower than the type species, <i>Arthrographis kalrae</i>. Microscopically, it exhibited hyaline, septate hyphae, simple or poorly differentiated conidiophores, and broad conidiogenous hyphae producing doliiform to cylindrical arthroconidia. Unlike <i>A. globosa</i> and <i>A. arxii</i>, the isolate produced terminal and intercalary chlamydospores, while a trichosporiella-like synasexual morph, present in <i>A. kalrae</i> and <i>A. arxii</i>, was absent. Based on its distinct phylogenetic position and unique morphological and physiological characteristics, strain KNUF-21-045 is identified as a novel species of <i>Arthrographis</i>, for which the name <i>Arthrographis abieticola</i> sp. nov. is proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":18825,"journal":{"name":"Mycobiology","volume":"53 4","pages":"584-592"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12291222/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144732322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MycobiologyPub Date : 2025-07-23eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2025.2532235
Gahyeon Song, Mi Rong Lee, Jae Su Kim
{"title":"Production of Mite-Pathogenic <i>Akanthomyces attenuatus</i> JEF-147 Blastospores in Flask and Bioreactor Conditions.","authors":"Gahyeon Song, Mi Rong Lee, Jae Su Kim","doi":"10.1080/12298093.2025.2532235","DOIUrl":"10.1080/12298093.2025.2532235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mite-pathogenic <i>Akanthomyces attenuatus</i> JEF-147 was liquid-cultured to produce blastospores as an active ingredient of formulations, which is more practical and cost-effective method than currently used solid cultures although stress resistance remains a challenge. In this work, first starch- or glucose-based artificial liquid culture media were used to culture JEF-147 with high miticidal activity against two-spotted spider mites (<i>Tetranychus urticae</i>) in flask conditions. The starch-based medium produced significantly higher numbers of blastospores than the glucose-based medium. JEF-147 blastospores from the glucose-based medium showed faster pathogenesis than those from starch-based medium. This liquid cultured was scaled up in a 2.5-L bioreactor with the glucose-based medium and 1.0 v/v/m of air supply. Production of blastospores was initiated 36 h after inoculation, but active blastospore production was not observed even in 94 h. Alternatively, the glucose-based medium was supplemented with magnesium sulfate at 1% (w/w) in the same bioreactor conditions, and it produced large number of blastospores. This work suggests that JEF-147 blastospores from the glucose-based liquid culture could be used for mite control and the supplement of salt to the medium possibly ensures the production of blastospores in a scale-up conditions. Specific optimization of salt and culture parameters in the scale up conditions and field study would be essential works to be followed.</p>","PeriodicalId":18825,"journal":{"name":"Mycobiology","volume":"53 4","pages":"572-583"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12291205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144732323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MycobiologyPub Date : 2025-07-17eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2025.2530843
Jung-Jae Woo, Robert Lücking, Seung-Yoon Oh, Yong-Chull Jeun, Jae-Seoun Hur
{"title":"Uncovering Hidden Lineages in Korean Foliicolous Lichens (Strigulaceae, Strigulales): Discovery of a New Cryptic Genus and Species.","authors":"Jung-Jae Woo, Robert Lücking, Seung-Yoon Oh, Yong-Chull Jeun, Jae-Seoun Hur","doi":"10.1080/12298093.2025.2530843","DOIUrl":"10.1080/12298093.2025.2530843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Foliicolous or leaf-dwelling lichens are mostly found in (sub-)tropical rainforests; due to their sensibility to environmental changes, they may serve as biological indicators for rainforest ecosystems. In Korea, the northward shift of subtropical conditions due to global climate change has emphasized the importance of understanding foliicolous lichen diversity and distribution, as they are now increasingly found in these latitudes. This study revises the taxonomy and distribution of foliicolous species in the family Strigulaceae in Korea through ITS-based identification and multigenetic analyses using four additional genetic markers (SSU, LSU, <i>TEF1-α,</i> and <i>RPB2</i>). The results support <i>Racoplaca pelta</i> sp. nov. and <i>Reticula ambigua</i> gen. nov. et sp. nov. as distinct phylogenetic lineages. Newly obtained ITS sequences confirmed that previously misidentified specimens of <i>Strigula subelegans</i> (KoLRI016349 and KoLRI016333) and <i>Racoplaca melanobapha</i> (KoLRI016334) correspond to <i>S. multiformis</i> and <i>R. pelta</i>, respectively. In addition, the distribution of Strigulaceae, once known only from Jeju Island within Korea, was found to extend to four additional southern islands: An, Ga-geo, Geo-mun, and Gwan-mae.</p>","PeriodicalId":18825,"journal":{"name":"Mycobiology","volume":"53 4","pages":"556-571"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278452/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144682797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MycobiologyPub Date : 2025-07-17eCollection Date: 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2025.2530270
Seong-Keun Lim, Song-Woon Nam, Young-Kun Kim, Sang Jae Suh, Leonid N Ten, Seung-Yeol Lee, Hee-Young Jung
{"title":"Phylogenetic and Morphological Analysis of a Novel <i>Allocucurbitaria</i> Species Isolated from <i>Lelia decempunctata</i> in South Korea.","authors":"Seong-Keun Lim, Song-Woon Nam, Young-Kun Kim, Sang Jae Suh, Leonid N Ten, Seung-Yeol Lee, Hee-Young Jung","doi":"10.1080/12298093.2025.2530270","DOIUrl":"10.1080/12298093.2025.2530270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A fungal strain NIBRFGC000512623, belonging to the family Cucurbitariaceae, was isolated from a stink bug (<i>Lelia decempunctata</i>) collected from Gunwi-gun, Daegu, South Korea. Phylogenetic analyses based on the concatenated nucleotide sequences of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and partial sequences of large subunit 28S rRNA, β-tubulin, and RNA polymerase II subunit genes revealed that the strain belonged to the genus <i>Allocucurbitaria</i> but occupied a distinct phylogenetic position. The strain NIBRFGC000512623 was compared with closely related species <i>A. botulispora</i> and <i>A. Mori</i> and morphologically distinguished from <i>A. botulispora</i> by its colony color on MEA medium (white <i>vs.</i> dark olive-brown), <i>A. mori</i> by the smaller size of its conidiogenous cells. According to molecular phylogeny and morphology, we suggested the new species <i>Allocucurbitaria koreanum</i> sp. nov. and provided a descriptive illustration.</p>","PeriodicalId":18825,"journal":{"name":"Mycobiology","volume":"53 4","pages":"550-555"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12272655/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}