Nature最新文献

{"title":"Supramolecular docking structure determination of alkyl-bearing molecules","authors":"Yitao Wu, Le Shi, Lei Xu, Jiale Ying, Xiaohe Miao, Bin Hua, Zhijie Chen, Jonathan L. Sessler, Feihe Huang","doi":"10.1038/s41586-025-08833-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08833-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Numerous natural products and drugs contain flexible alkyl chains. The resulting conformational motion can create challenges in obtaining single crystals and thus determining their molecular structures by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD)^{1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11}. Here we demonstrate that by using pillar[5]arene-incorporated metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and taking advantage of pillar[5]arene−alkyl chain host−guest recognition^12,13,14,15, it is possible to reduce this motion and bring order to alkyl-chain-containing molecules as the result of docking within accessible pillar[5]arene units present in an overall MOF. This has allowed the single-crystal structures of 48 alkyl-chain-containing molecules, including 6 natural products, 2 approved drugs and 18 custom-made compounds collected from 16 research groups, to be determined using standard SCXRD instrumentation. The structures of alkyl-chain-containing molecules derived from crude reaction products can also be determined directly by SCXRD analyses without further purification. The simplicity, high efficiency and apparent generality of the present pillar[5]arene-incorporated MOF-based supramolecular docking approach suggest that it could emerge as a new tool for the analyses of natural products and drugs that might not be amenable to traditional SCXRD-based structure determination.</p>","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":64.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A wetter ancient Arabia could have enabled easier intercontinental species dispersal","authors":"Faysal Bibi","doi":"10.1038/d41586-025-00905-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-025-00905-7","url":null,"abstract":"Recurrent humid phases in Arabia over the past seven million years could have influenced how species, including human ancestors, moved between continents.","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":64.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Universal photonic artificial intelligence acceleration","authors":"Sufi R. Ahmed,&nbsp;Reza Baghdadi,&nbsp;Mikhail Bernadskiy,&nbsp;Nate Bowman,&nbsp;Ryan Braid,&nbsp;Jim Carr,&nbsp;Chen Chen,&nbsp;Pietro Ciccarella,&nbsp;Matthew Cole,&nbsp;John Cooke,&nbsp;Kishor Desai,&nbsp;Carlos Dorta,&nbsp;Jonathan Elmhurst,&nbsp;Bryce Gardiner,&nbsp;Elliot Greenwald,&nbsp;Shashank Gupta,&nbsp;Parry Husbands,&nbsp;Brian Jones,&nbsp;Anthony Kopa,&nbsp;Ho John Lee,&nbsp;Arulselvan Madhavan,&nbsp;Adam Mendrela,&nbsp;Nicholas Moore,&nbsp;Lakshmi Nair,&nbsp;Aditya Om,&nbsp;Subie Patel,&nbsp;Rutayan Patro,&nbsp;Rob Pellowski,&nbsp;Esha Radhakrishnani,&nbsp;Sandeep Sane,&nbsp;Nicholas Sarkis,&nbsp;Joe Stadolnik,&nbsp;Mykhailo Tymchenko,&nbsp;Gongyu Wang,&nbsp;Kurt Winikka,&nbsp;Alexandra Wleklinski,&nbsp;Josh Zelman,&nbsp;Richard Ho,&nbsp;Ritesh Jain,&nbsp;Ayon Basumallik,&nbsp;Darius Bunandar,&nbsp;Nicholas C. Harris","doi":"10.1038/s41586-025-08854-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41586-025-08854-x","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past decade, photonics research has explored accelerated tensor operations, foundational to artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning1–4, as a path towards enhanced energy efficiency and performance5–14. The field is centrally motivated by finding alternative technologies to extend computational progress in a post-Moore’s law and Dennard scaling era15–19. Despite these advances, no photonic chip has achieved the precision necessary for practical AI applications, and demonstrations have been limited to simplified benchmark tasks. Here we introduce a photonic AI processor that executes advanced AI models, including ResNet3 and BERT20,21, along with the Atari deep reinforcement learning algorithm originally demonstrated by DeepMind22. This processor achieves near-electronic precision for many workloads, marking a notable entry for photonic computing into competition with established electronic AI accelerators23 and an essential step towards developing post-transistor computing technologies. A photonic processor capable of running advanced artificial intelligence models with near-electronic precision is introduced, marking a substantial step towards post-transistor computing technologies.","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":"640 8058","pages":"368-374"},"PeriodicalIF":50.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer vulnerabilities exposed by finding interactions among DNA repair factors","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/d41586-025-01049-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-025-01049-4","url":null,"abstract":"A screen of almost 150,000 pairwise combinations of genes could help to identify targets for cancer treatment.","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":64.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Active energy compression of a laser-plasma electron beam","authors":"P. Winkler, M. Trunk, L. Hübner, A. Martinez de la Ossa, S. Jalas, M. Kirchen, I. Agapov, S. A. Antipov, R. Brinkmann, T. Eichner, A. Ferran Pousa, T. Hülsenbusch, G. Palmer, M. Schnepp, K. Schubert, M. Thévenet, P. A. Walker, C. Werle, W. P. Leemans, A. R. Maier","doi":"10.1038/s41586-025-08772-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08772-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Radio-frequency (RF) accelerators providing high-quality relativistic electron beams are an important resource enabling many areas of science, as well as industrial and medical applications. Two decades ago, laser-plasma accelerators¹ that support orders of magnitude higher electric fields than those provided by modern RF cavities produced quasi-monoenergetic electron beams for the first time^2,3,4. Since then, high-brightness electron beams at gigaelectronvolt (GeV) beam energy and competitive beam properties have been demonstrated from only centimetre-long plasmas^5,6,7,8,9, a substantial advantage over the hundreds of metres required by RF-cavity-based accelerators. However, despite the considerable progress, the comparably large energy spread and the fluctuation (jitter) in beam energy still effectively prevent laser-plasma accelerators from driving real-world applications. Here we report the generation of a laser-plasma electron beam using active energy compression, resulting in a performance so far only associated with modern RF-based accelerators. Using a magnetic chicane, the electron bunch is first stretched longitudinally to imprint an energy correlation, which is then removed with an active RF cavity. The resulting energy spread and energy jitter are reduced by more than an order of magnitude to below the permille level, meeting the acceptance criteria of a modern synchrotron, thereby opening the path to a compact storage ring injector and other applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":64.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic stress drives depression by disrupting cellular housekeeping","authors":"Alberto Corona, Paul J. Kenny","doi":"10.1038/d41586-025-00910-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-025-00910-w","url":null,"abstract":"Boosting the recycling process known as autophagy — impaired in the brain during prolonged stress — has the potential to restore normal neuronal activity and treat depression.","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":64.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complete sequencing of ape genomes","authors":"DongAhn Yoo, Arang Rhie, Prajna Hebbar, Francesca Antonacci, Glennis A. Logsdon, Steven J. Solar, Dmitry Antipov, Brandon D. Pickett, Yana Safonova, Francesco Montinaro, Yanting Luo, Joanna Malukiewicz, Jessica M. Storer, Jiadong Lin, Abigail N. Sequeira, Riley J. Mangan, Glenn Hickey, Graciela Monfort Anez, Parithi Balachandran, Anton Bankevich, Christine R. Beck, Arjun Biddanda, Matthew Borchers, Gerard G. Bouffard, Emry Brannan, Shelise Y. Brooks, Lucia Carbone, Laura Carrel, Agnes P. Chan, Juyun Crawford, Mark Diekhans, Eric Engelbrecht, Cedric Feschotte, Giulio Formenti, Gage H. Garcia, Luciana de Gennaro, David Gilbert, Richard E. Green, Andrea Guarracino, Ishaan Gupta, Diana Haddad, Junmin Han, Robert S. Harris, Gabrielle A. Hartley, William T. Harvey, Michael Hiller, Kendra Hoekzema, Marlys L. Houck, Hyeonsoo Jeong, Kaivan Kamali, Manolis Kellis, Bryce Kille, Chul Lee, Youngho Lee, William Lees, Alexandra P. Lewis, Qiuhui Li, Mark Loftus, Yong Hwee Eddie Loh, Hailey Loucks, Jian Ma, Yafei Mao, Juan F. I. Martinez, Patrick Masterson, Rajiv C. McCoy, Barbara McGrath, Sean McKinney, Britta S. Meyer, Karen H. Miga, Saswat K. Mohanty, Katherine M. Munson, Karol Pal, Matt Pennell, Pavel A. Pevzner, David Porubsky, Tamara Potapova, Francisca R. Ringeling, Joana L. Rocha, Oliver A. Ryder, Samuel Sacco, Swati Saha, Takayo Sasaki, Michael C. Schatz, Nicholas J. Schork, Cole Shanks, Linnéa Smeds, Dongmin R. Son, Cynthia Steiner, Alexander P. Sweeten, Michael G. Tassia, Françoise Thibaud-Nissen, Edmundo Torres-González, Mihir Trivedi, Wenjie Wei, Julie Wertz, Muyu Yang, Panpan Zhang, Shilong Zhang, Yang Zhang, Zhenmiao Zhang, Sarah A. Zhao, Yixin Zhu, Erich D. Jarvis, Jennifer L. Gerton, Iker Rivas-González, Benedict Paten, Zachary A. Szpiech, Christian D. Huber, Tobias L. Lenz, Miriam K. Konkel, Soojin V. Yi, Stefan Canzar, Corey T. Watson, Peter H. Sudmant, Erin Molloy, Erik Garrison, Craig B. Lowe, Mario Ventura, Rachel J. O’Neill, Sergey Koren, Kateryna D. Makova, Adam M. Phillippy, Evan E. Eichler","doi":"10.1038/s41586-025-08816-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08816-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The most dynamic and repetitive regions of great ape genomes have traditionally been excluded from comparative studies^1,2,3. Consequently, our understanding of the evolution of our species is incomplete. Here we present haplotype-resolved reference genomes and comparative analyses of six ape species: chimpanzee, bonobo, gorilla, Bornean orangutan, Sumatran orangutan and siamang. We achieve chromosome-level contiguity with substantial sequence accuracy (&lt;1 error in 2.7 megabases) and completely sequence 215 gapless chromosomes telomere-to-telomere. We resolve challenging regions, such as the major histocompatibility complex and immunoglobulin loci, to provide in-depth evolutionary insights. Comparative analyses enabled investigations of the evolution and diversity of regions previously uncharacterized or incompletely studied without bias from mapping to the human reference genome. Such regions include newly minted gene families in lineage-specific segmental duplications, centromeric DNA, acrocentric chromosomes and subterminal heterochromatin. This resource serves as a comprehensive baseline for future evolutionary studies of humans and our closest living ape relatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":64.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human assembloid model of the ascending neural sensory pathway","authors":"Ji-il Kim, Kent Imaizumi, Ovidiu Jurjuț, Kevin W. Kelley, Dong Wang, Mayuri Vijay Thete, Zuzana Hudacova, Neal D. Amin, Rebecca J. Levy, Grégory Scherrer, Sergiu P. Pașca","doi":"10.1038/s41586-025-08808-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08808-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Somatosensory pathways convey crucial information about pain, touch, itch and body part movement from peripheral organs to the central nervous system^1,2. Despite substantial needs to understand how these pathways assemble and to develop pain therapeutics, clinical translation remains challenging. This is probably related to species-specific features and the lack of in vitro models of the polysynaptic pathway. Here we established a human ascending somatosensory assembloid (hASA), a four-part assembloid generated from human pluripotent stem cells that integrates somatosensory, spinal, thalamic and cortical organoids to model the spinothalamic pathway. Transcriptomic profiling confirmed the presence of key cell types of this circuit. Rabies tracing and calcium imaging showed that sensory neurons connect to dorsal spinal cord neurons, which further connect to thalamic neurons. Following noxious chemical stimulation, calcium imaging of hASA demonstrated a coordinated response. In addition, extracellular recordings and imaging revealed synchronized activity across the assembloid. Notably, loss of the sodium channel Na_V1.7, which causes pain insensitivity, disrupted synchrony across hASA. By contrast, a gain-of-function <i>SCN9A</i> variant associated with extreme pain disorder induced hypersynchrony. These experiments demonstrated the ability to functionally assemble the essential components of the human sensory pathway, which could accelerate our understanding of sensory circuits and facilitate therapeutic development.</p>","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":64.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial warfare brought us CRISPR. What big breakthroughs could be next?","authors":"Amber Dance","doi":"10.1038/d41586-025-01065-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/d41586-025-01065-4","url":null,"abstract":"Gene editing and many other useful biotechnology tools came from studies of bacteria fighting off viral invaders. But scientists have only begun to unlock the secrets of this ancient arms race. Gene editing and many other useful biotechnology tools came from studies of bacteria fighting off viral invaders. But scientists have only begun to unlock the secrets of this ancient arms race.","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":"640 8058","pages":"306-308"},"PeriodicalIF":50.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-025-01065-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143805631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic imaging of a basaltic Lesser Antilles slab from ancient tectonics","authors":"Xusong Yang, Yujiang Xie, Catherine A. Rychert, Nicholas Harmon, Saskia Goes, Andreas Rietbrock, Lloyd Lynch","doi":"10.1038/s41586-025-08754-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08754-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>At subduction zones, lithospheric material descends through the upper mantle to the mantle transition zone (MTZ), where it may continue to sink into the lower mantle or stagnate^1,2. Several factors may be important in influencing this flow, including chemical heterogeneity^3,4,5. However, tight constraints on these mantle flows and the exact factors that affect them have proved challenging. We use P-to-S receiver functions to image the subducting slab and the MTZ beneath the Lesser Antilles subduction zone. We image a singular, superdeep (&gt;700 km) 660-km discontinuity over a 200-km-wide zone within the slab, accompanied by nearby double 660 discontinuity phases (normal and superdeep). Combined geodynamic and waveform modelling shows that this observation cannot be explained by temperature effects in typical mantle compositions but requires a large basalt-rich chemical anomaly, strongest in the location of the singular, deep 660. The inferred basalt signature is near the proposed location of a subducted extinct spreading ridge^6,7, where basalt is probably present in greater proportions. Our finding suggests that past tectonic events impart chemical heterogeneity into slabs, and the heterogeneities, in turn, may affect the inherent tendency of the slab to sink.</p>","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":64.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}