Nature最新文献_第7页

New schizophrenia drug could treat Alzheimer’s disease 新型精神分裂症药物可治疗阿尔茨海默病

IF 64.8 1区综合性期刊

Nature Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-03707-5

引用次数: 0

I had three children during my PhD: here’s what I learnt 在攻读博士期间，我有了三个孩子：以下是我的心得体会

IF 64.8 1区综合性期刊

Nature Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-03823-2

引用次数: 0

Trion sensing of a zero-field composite Fermi liquid 零场复合费米液体的三电离传感

IF 50.5 1区综合性期刊

Nature Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08134-0

Eric Anderson, Jiaqi Cai, Aidan P. Reddy, Heonjoon Park, William Holtzmann, Kai Davis, Takashi Taniguchi, Kenji Watanabe, Tomasz Smolenski, Ataç Imamoğlu, Ting Cao, Di Xiao, Liang Fu, Wang Yao, Xiaodong Xu

{"title":"Trion sensing of a zero-field composite Fermi liquid","authors":"Eric Anderson, Jiaqi Cai, Aidan P. Reddy, Heonjoon Park, William Holtzmann, Kai Davis, Takashi Taniguchi, Kenji Watanabe, Tomasz Smolenski, Ataç Imamoğlu, Ting Cao, Di Xiao, Liang Fu, Wang Yao, Xiaodong Xu","doi":"10.1038/s41586-024-08134-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41586-024-08134-0","url":null,"abstract":"The half-filled lowest Landau level is a fascinating platform for researching interacting topological phases. A celebrated example is the composite Fermi liquid, a non-Fermi liquid formed by composite fermions in strong magnetic fields1–10. Its zero-field counterpart is predicted in a twisted MoTe2 bilayer (tMoTe2)11,12—a recently discovered fractional Chern insulator exhibiting the fractional quantum anomalous Hall effect13–16. Although transport measurements at ν = −1/2 show signatures consistent with a zero-field composite Fermi liquid14, new probes are crucial to investigate the state and its elementary excitations. Here, by using the unique valley properties of tMoTe2, we report optical signatures of a zero-field composite Fermi liquid. We measured the degree of circular polarization (ρ) of trion photoluminescence versus hole doping and electric field. We found that, within the phase space showing robust ferromagnetism, ρ is near unity for Fermi liquid states. However, ρ is quenched at both integer and fractional Chern insulators, and in a hole doping range near ν = −1/2. Temperature, optical excitation power and electric-field-dependence measurements demonstrate that the quenching of ρ is a direct consequence of an energy gap (pseudogap) for electronic excitations of the Chern insulators (composite Fermi liquid): because the local spin-polarized excitations necessary to form trions are strongly suppressed, trion formation at the corresponding filling factors relies on optically generated unpolarized itinerant holes. Our work highlights a new excitonic probe of zero-field fractional Chern insulator physics, unique to tMoTe2. Using the unique valley properties of a twisted MoTe2 bilayer, measurements of the degree of circular polarization of trion photoluminescence reveal optical signatures of a zero-field composite Fermi liquid.","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":"635 8039","pages":"590-595"},"PeriodicalIF":50.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Computational technologies of the Human Cell Atlas 人类细胞图谱的计算技术

IF 50.5 1区综合性期刊

Nature Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-03762-y

Amber Dance

引用次数: 0

Exaptation of ancestral cell-identity networks enables C4 photosynthesis 祖先细胞身份网络的汰换实现了 C4 光合作用

IF 64.8 1区综合性期刊

Nature Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08204-3

Joseph Swift, Leonie H. Luginbuehl, Lei Hua, Tina B. Schreier, Ruth M. Donald, Susan Stanley, Na Wang, Travis A. Lee, Joseph R. Nery, Joseph R. Ecker, Julian M. Hibberd

{"title":"Exaptation of ancestral cell-identity networks enables C4 photosynthesis","authors":"Joseph Swift, Leonie H. Luginbuehl, Lei Hua, Tina B. Schreier, Ruth M. Donald, Susan Stanley, Na Wang, Travis A. Lee, Joseph R. Nery, Joseph R. Ecker, Julian M. Hibberd","doi":"10.1038/s41586-024-08204-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08204-3","url":null,"abstract":"C4 photosynthesis is used by the most productive plants on the planet, and compared with the ancestral C3 pathway, it confers a 50% increase in efficiency1. In more than 60 C4 lineages, CO2 fixation is compartmentalized between tissues, and bundle-sheath cells become photosynthetically activated2. How the bundle sheath acquires this alternate identity that allows efficient photosynthesis is unclear. Here we show that changes to bundle-sheath gene expression in C4 leaves are associated with the gain of a pre-existing cis-code found in the C3 leaf. From single-nucleus gene-expression and chromatin-accessibility atlases, we uncover DNA binding with one finger (DOF) motifs that define bundle-sheath identity in the major crops C3 rice and C4 sorghum. Photosynthesis genes that are rewired to be strongly expressed in the bundle-sheath cells of C4 sorghum acquire cis-elements that are recognized by DOFs. Our findings are consistent with a simple model in which C4 photosynthesis is based on the recruitment of an ancestral cis-code associated with bundle-sheath identity. Gain of such elements harnessed a stable patterning of transcription factors between cell types that are found in both C3 and C4 leaves to activate photosynthesis in the bundle sheath. Our findings provide molecular insights into the evolution of the complex C4 pathway, and might also guide the rational engineering of C4 photosynthesis in C3 crops to improve crop productivity and resilience3,4.","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":64.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social state alters vision using three circuit mechanisms in Drosophila 果蝇的社会状态通过三种回路机制改变视觉

IF 64.8 1区综合性期刊

Nature Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08255-6

Catherine E. Schretter, Tom Hindmarsh Sten, Nathan Klapoetke, Mei Shao, Aljoscha Nern, Marisa Dreher, Daniel Bushey, Alice A. Robie, Adam L. Taylor, Kristin Branson, Adriane Otopalik, Vanessa Ruta, Gerald M. Rubin

{"title":"Social state alters vision using three circuit mechanisms in Drosophila","authors":"Catherine E. Schretter, Tom Hindmarsh Sten, Nathan Klapoetke, Mei Shao, Aljoscha Nern, Marisa Dreher, Daniel Bushey, Alice A. Robie, Adam L. Taylor, Kristin Branson, Adriane Otopalik, Vanessa Ruta, Gerald M. Rubin","doi":"10.1038/s41586-024-08255-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08255-6","url":null,"abstract":"Animals are often bombarded with visual information and must prioritize specific visual features based on their current needs. The neuronal circuits that detect and relay visual features have been well studied1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8. Much less is known about how an animal adjusts its visual attention as its goals or environmental conditions change. During social behaviours, flies need to focus on nearby flies9,10,11. Here we study how the flow of visual information is altered when female Drosophila enter an aggressive state. From the connectome, we identify three state-dependent circuit motifs poised to modify the response of an aggressive female to fly-sized visual objects: convergence of excitatory inputs from neurons conveying select visual features and internal state; dendritic disinhibition of select visual feature detectors; and a switch that toggles between two visual feature detectors. Using cell-type-specific genetic tools, together with behavioural and neurophysiological analyses, we show that each of these circuit motifs is used during female aggression. We reveal that features of this same switch operate in male Drosophila during courtship pursuit, suggesting that disparate social behaviours may share circuit mechanisms. Our study provides a compelling example of using the connectome to infer circuit mechanisms that underlie dynamic processing of sensory signals.","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":"170 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":64.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142673856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mineralized collagen plywood contributes to bone autograft performance 矿化胶原夹板有助于提高骨自体移植的性能

IF 64.8 1区综合性期刊

Nature Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08208-z

Marc Robin, Elodie Mouloungui, Gabriel Castillo Dali, Yan Wang, Jean-Louis Saffar, Graciela Pavon-Djavid, Thibaut Divoux, Sébastien Manneville, Luc Behr, Delphine Cardi, Laurence Choudat, Marie-Madeleine Giraud-Guille, Anne Meddahi-Pellé, Fannie Baudimont, Marie-Laure Colombier, Nadine Nassif

{"title":"Mineralized collagen plywood contributes to bone autograft performance","authors":"Marc Robin, Elodie Mouloungui, Gabriel Castillo Dali, Yan Wang, Jean-Louis Saffar, Graciela Pavon-Djavid, Thibaut Divoux, Sébastien Manneville, Luc Behr, Delphine Cardi, Laurence Choudat, Marie-Madeleine Giraud-Guille, Anne Meddahi-Pellé, Fannie Baudimont, Marie-Laure Colombier, Nadine Nassif","doi":"10.1038/s41586-024-08208-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08208-z","url":null,"abstract":"Autologous bone (AB) is the gold standard for bone-replacement surgeries1, despite its limited availability and the need for an extra surgical site. Traditionally, competitive biomaterials for bone repair have focused on mimicking the mineral aspect of bone, as evidenced by the widespread clinical use of bioactive ceramics2. However, AB also exhibits hierarchical organic structures that might substantially affect bone regeneration. Here, using a range of cell-free biomimetic-collagen-based materials in murine and ovine bone-defect models, we demonstrate that a hierarchical hybrid microstructure—specifically, the twisted plywood pattern of collagen and its association with poorly crystallized bioapatite—favourably influences bone regeneration. Our study shows that the most structurally biomimetic material has the potential to stimulate bone growth, highlighting the pivotal role of physicochemical properties in supporting bone formation and offering promising prospects as a competitive bone-graft material.","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":64.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142673857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Combining quantum processors with real-time classical communication 量子处理器与实时经典通信的结合

IF 64.8 1区综合性期刊

Nature Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08178-2

Almudena Carrera Vazquez, Caroline Tornow, Diego Ristè, Stefan Woerner, Maika Takita, Daniel J. Egger

{"title":"Combining quantum processors with real-time classical communication","authors":"Almudena Carrera Vazquez, Caroline Tornow, Diego Ristè, Stefan Woerner, Maika Takita, Daniel J. Egger","doi":"10.1038/s41586-024-08178-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08178-2","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum computers process information with the laws of quantum mechanics. Current quantum hardware is noisy, can only store information for a short time and is limited to a few quantum bits, that is, qubits, typically arranged in a planar connectivity1. However, many applications of quantum computing require more connectivity than the planar lattice offered by the hardware on more qubits than is available on a single quantum processing unit (QPU). The community hopes to tackle these limitations by connecting QPUs using classical communication, which has not yet been proven experimentally. Here we experimentally realize error-mitigated dynamic circuits and circuit cutting to create quantum states requiring periodic connectivity using up to 142 qubits spanning two QPUs with 127 qubits each connected in real time with a classical link. In a dynamic circuit, quantum gates can be classically controlled by the outcomes of mid-circuit measurements within run-time, that is, within a fraction of the coherence time of the qubits. Our real-time classical link enables us to apply a quantum gate on one QPU conditioned on the outcome of a measurement on another QPU. Furthermore, the error-mitigated control flow enhances qubit connectivity and the instruction set of the hardware thus increasing the versatility of our quantum computers. Our work demonstrates that we can use several quantum processors as one with error-mitigated dynamic circuits enabled by a real-time classical link.","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":64.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142673858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Half of the top 20 science cities are now in China — and regional city growth is the key 排名前 20 位的科学城有一半在中国--区域城市的发展是关键所在

IF 64.8 1区综合性期刊

Nature Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-03521-z

引用次数: 0

Ferocity of Atlantic hurricanes surges as the ocean warms 随着海洋变暖，大西洋飓风的威力不断增强

IF 64.8 1区综合性期刊

Nature Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-03783-7

引用次数: 0