Nature最新文献 - Book学术

Social state alters vision using three circuit mechanisms in Drosophila 果蝇的社会状态通过三种回路机制改变视觉

IF 64.8 1区综合性期刊

Nature Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08255-6

Catherine E. Schretter, Tom Hindmarsh Sten, Nathan Klapoetke, Mei Shao, Aljoscha Nern, Marisa Dreher, Daniel Bushey, Alice A. Robie, Adam L. Taylor, Kristin Branson, Adriane Otopalik, Vanessa Ruta, Gerald M. Rubin

{"title":"Social state alters vision using three circuit mechanisms in Drosophila","authors":"Catherine E. Schretter, Tom Hindmarsh Sten, Nathan Klapoetke, Mei Shao, Aljoscha Nern, Marisa Dreher, Daniel Bushey, Alice A. Robie, Adam L. Taylor, Kristin Branson, Adriane Otopalik, Vanessa Ruta, Gerald M. Rubin","doi":"10.1038/s41586-024-08255-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08255-6","url":null,"abstract":"Animals are often bombarded with visual information and must prioritize specific visual features based on their current needs. The neuronal circuits that detect and relay visual features have been well studied1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8. Much less is known about how an animal adjusts its visual attention as its goals or environmental conditions change. During social behaviours, flies need to focus on nearby flies9,10,11. Here we study how the flow of visual information is altered when female Drosophila enter an aggressive state. From the connectome, we identify three state-dependent circuit motifs poised to modify the response of an aggressive female to fly-sized visual objects: convergence of excitatory inputs from neurons conveying select visual features and internal state; dendritic disinhibition of select visual feature detectors; and a switch that toggles between two visual feature detectors. Using cell-type-specific genetic tools, together with behavioural and neurophysiological analyses, we show that each of these circuit motifs is used during female aggression. We reveal that features of this same switch operate in male Drosophila during courtship pursuit, suggesting that disparate social behaviours may share circuit mechanisms. Our study provides a compelling example of using the connectome to infer circuit mechanisms that underlie dynamic processing of sensory signals.","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":"170 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":64.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142673856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mineralized collagen plywood contributes to bone autograft performance 矿化胶原夹板有助于提高骨自体移植的性能

IF 64.8 1区综合性期刊

Nature Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08208-z

Marc Robin, Elodie Mouloungui, Gabriel Castillo Dali, Yan Wang, Jean-Louis Saffar, Graciela Pavon-Djavid, Thibaut Divoux, Sébastien Manneville, Luc Behr, Delphine Cardi, Laurence Choudat, Marie-Madeleine Giraud-Guille, Anne Meddahi-Pellé, Fannie Baudimont, Marie-Laure Colombier, Nadine Nassif

{"title":"Mineralized collagen plywood contributes to bone autograft performance","authors":"Marc Robin, Elodie Mouloungui, Gabriel Castillo Dali, Yan Wang, Jean-Louis Saffar, Graciela Pavon-Djavid, Thibaut Divoux, Sébastien Manneville, Luc Behr, Delphine Cardi, Laurence Choudat, Marie-Madeleine Giraud-Guille, Anne Meddahi-Pellé, Fannie Baudimont, Marie-Laure Colombier, Nadine Nassif","doi":"10.1038/s41586-024-08208-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08208-z","url":null,"abstract":"Autologous bone (AB) is the gold standard for bone-replacement surgeries1, despite its limited availability and the need for an extra surgical site. Traditionally, competitive biomaterials for bone repair have focused on mimicking the mineral aspect of bone, as evidenced by the widespread clinical use of bioactive ceramics2. However, AB also exhibits hierarchical organic structures that might substantially affect bone regeneration. Here, using a range of cell-free biomimetic-collagen-based materials in murine and ovine bone-defect models, we demonstrate that a hierarchical hybrid microstructure—specifically, the twisted plywood pattern of collagen and its association with poorly crystallized bioapatite—favourably influences bone regeneration. Our study shows that the most structurally biomimetic material has the potential to stimulate bone growth, highlighting the pivotal role of physicochemical properties in supporting bone formation and offering promising prospects as a competitive bone-graft material.","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":64.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142673857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Combining quantum processors with real-time classical communication 量子处理器与实时经典通信的结合

IF 64.8 1区综合性期刊

Nature Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08178-2

Almudena Carrera Vazquez, Caroline Tornow, Diego Ristè, Stefan Woerner, Maika Takita, Daniel J. Egger

{"title":"Combining quantum processors with real-time classical communication","authors":"Almudena Carrera Vazquez, Caroline Tornow, Diego Ristè, Stefan Woerner, Maika Takita, Daniel J. Egger","doi":"10.1038/s41586-024-08178-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08178-2","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum computers process information with the laws of quantum mechanics. Current quantum hardware is noisy, can only store information for a short time and is limited to a few quantum bits, that is, qubits, typically arranged in a planar connectivity1. However, many applications of quantum computing require more connectivity than the planar lattice offered by the hardware on more qubits than is available on a single quantum processing unit (QPU). The community hopes to tackle these limitations by connecting QPUs using classical communication, which has not yet been proven experimentally. Here we experimentally realize error-mitigated dynamic circuits and circuit cutting to create quantum states requiring periodic connectivity using up to 142 qubits spanning two QPUs with 127 qubits each connected in real time with a classical link. In a dynamic circuit, quantum gates can be classically controlled by the outcomes of mid-circuit measurements within run-time, that is, within a fraction of the coherence time of the qubits. Our real-time classical link enables us to apply a quantum gate on one QPU conditioned on the outcome of a measurement on another QPU. Furthermore, the error-mitigated control flow enhances qubit connectivity and the instruction set of the hardware thus increasing the versatility of our quantum computers. Our work demonstrates that we can use several quantum processors as one with error-mitigated dynamic circuits enabled by a real-time classical link.","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":64.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142673858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Computational technologies of the Human Cell Atlas 人类细胞图谱的计算技术

IF 64.8 1区综合性期刊

Nature Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-03762-y

引用次数: 0

Half of the top 20 science cities are now in China — and regional city growth is the key 排名前 20 位的科学城有一半在中国--区域城市的发展是关键所在

IF 64.8 1区综合性期刊

Nature Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-03521-z

引用次数: 0

Ferocity of Atlantic hurricanes surges as the ocean warms 随着海洋变暖，大西洋飓风的威力不断增强

IF 64.8 1区综合性期刊

Nature Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-03783-7

引用次数: 0

Human HDAC6 senses valine abundancy to regulate DNA damage 人类 HDAC6 感知缬氨酸丰度以调控 DNA 损伤

IF 64.8 1区综合性期刊

Nature Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08248-5

Jiali Jin, Tong Meng, Yuanyuan Yu, Shuheng Wu, Chen-Chen Jiao, Sihui Song, Ya-Xu Li, Yu Zhang, Yuan-Yuan Zhao, Xinran Li, Zixin Wang, Yu-Fan Liu, Runzhi Huang, Jieling Qin, Yihua Chen, Hao Cao, Xiao Tan, Xin Ge, Cong Jiang, Jianhuang Xue, Jian Yuan, Dianqing Wu, Wei Wu, Ci-Zhong Jiang, Ping Wang

{"title":"Human HDAC6 senses valine abundancy to regulate DNA damage","authors":"Jiali Jin, Tong Meng, Yuanyuan Yu, Shuheng Wu, Chen-Chen Jiao, Sihui Song, Ya-Xu Li, Yu Zhang, Yuan-Yuan Zhao, Xinran Li, Zixin Wang, Yu-Fan Liu, Runzhi Huang, Jieling Qin, Yihua Chen, Hao Cao, Xiao Tan, Xin Ge, Cong Jiang, Jianhuang Xue, Jian Yuan, Dianqing Wu, Wei Wu, Ci-Zhong Jiang, Ping Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41586-024-08248-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-08248-5","url":null,"abstract":"As an essential branched amino acid, valine is pivotal for protein synthesis, neurological behaviour, haematopoiesis and leukaemia progression1,2,3. However, the mechanism by which cellular valine abundancy is sensed for subsequent cellular functions remains undefined. Here we identify that human histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) serves as a valine sensor by directly binding valine through a primate-specific SE14 repeat domain. The nucleus and cytoplasm shuttling of human, but not mouse, HDAC6 is tightly controlled by the intracellular levels of valine. Valine deprivation leads to HDAC6 retention in the nucleus and induces DNA damage. Mechanistically, nuclear-localized HDAC6 binds and deacetylates ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2) to initiate active DNA demethylation, which promotes DNA damage through thymine DNA glycosylase-driven excision. Dietary valine restriction inhibits tumour growth in xenograft and patient-derived xenograft models, and enhances the therapeutic efficacy of PARP inhibitors. Collectively, our study identifies human HDAC6 as a valine sensor that mediates active DNA demethylation and DNA damage in response to valine deprivation, and highlights the potential of dietary valine restriction for cancer treatment.","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":64.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142673850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Boston’s dense health-sciences networks help the city to maintain its lead 波士顿密集的健康科学网络帮助该市保持领先地位

IF 64.8 1区综合性期刊

Nature Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-03529-5

引用次数: 0

Should I climb the career ladder as a manager, or will I regret leaving the lab bench behind? 我是应该攀登职业阶梯，成为一名经理，还是会为离开实验室而后悔？

IF 64.8 1区综合性期刊

Nature Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-03237-0

引用次数: 0

How students and grandparents could solve the global mental-health crisis 学生和祖父母如何解决全球心理健康危机

IF 64.8 1区综合性期刊

Nature Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-03757-9

引用次数: 0