Nature Astronomy最新文献

{"title":"High-definition imaging of a filamentary connection between a close quasar pair at z = 3","authors":"Davide Tornotti, Michele Fumagalli, Matteo Fossati, Alejandro Benitez-Llambay, David Izquierdo-Villalba, Andrea Travascio, Fabrizio Arrigoni Battaia, Sebastiano Cantalupo, Alexander Beckett, Silvia Bonoli, Pratika Dayal, Valentina D’Odorico, Rajeshwari Dutta, Elisabeta Lusso, Celine Peroux, Marc Rafelski, Mitchell Revalski, Daniele Spinoso, Mark Swinbank","doi":"10.1038/s41550-024-02463-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-024-02463-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Filaments connecting haloes are a long-standing prediction of cold-dark-matter theories. Here we present a detection of the cosmic web emission connecting two quasar-host galaxies at redshift <i>z</i> ≈ 3.22 in the MUSE Ultra Deep Field (MUDF), observed with the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) instrument. The very deep observations unlock a high-definition view of the filament morphology, a measure of the transition radius between the intergalactic and circumgalactic medium, and the characterization of the surface brightness profiles along the filament and in the transverse direction. Through systematic comparisons with simulations, we validate the filaments’ typical density predicted in the current cold-dark-matter model. Our analysis of the MUDF, an excellent laboratory for quantitatively studying filaments in emission, opens a new avenue to constrain the physical properties of the cosmic web and to trace the distribution of dark matter on large scales.</p>","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143055037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abundant ammonia and nitrogen-rich soluble organic matter in samples from asteroid (101955) Bennu","authors":"Daniel P. Glavin, Jason P. Dworkin, Conel M. O’D. Alexander, José C. Aponte, Allison A. Baczynski, Jessica J. Barnes, Hans A. Bechtel, Eve L. Berger, Aaron S. Burton, Paola Caselli, Angela H. Chung, Simon J. Clemett, George D. Cody, Gerardo Dominguez, Jamie E. Elsila, Kendra K. Farnsworth, Dionysis I. Foustoukos, Katherine H. Freeman, Yoshihiro Furukawa, Zack Gainsforth, Heather V. Graham, Tommaso Grassi, Barbara Michela Giuliano, Victoria E. Hamilton, Pierre Haenecour, Philipp R. Heck, Amy E. Hofmann, Christopher H. House, Yongsong Huang, Hannah H. Kaplan, Lindsay P. Keller, Bumsoo Kim, Toshiki Koga, Michael Liss, Hannah L. McLain, Matthew A. Marcus, Mila Matney, Timothy J. McCoy, Ophélie M. McIntosh, Angel Mojarro, Hiroshi Naraoka, Ann N. Nguyen, Michel Nuevo, Joseph A. Nuth, Yasuhiro Oba, Eric T. Parker, Tanya S. Peretyazhko, Scott A. Sandford, Ewerton Santos, Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin, Frederic Seguin, Danielle N. Simkus, Anique Shahid, Yoshinori Takano, Kathie L. Thomas-Keprta, Havishk Tripathi, Gabriella Weiss, Yuke Zheng, Nicole G. Lunning, Kevin Righter, Harold C. Connolly, Dante S. Lauretta","doi":"10.1038/s41550-024-02472-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-024-02472-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Organic matter in meteorites reveals clues about early Solar System chemistry and the origin of molecules important to life, but terrestrial exposure complicates interpretation. Samples returned from the B-type asteroid Bennu by the Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security–Regolith Explorer mission enabled us to study pristine carbonaceous astromaterial without uncontrolled exposure to Earth’s biosphere. Here we show that Bennu samples are volatile rich, with more carbon, nitrogen and ammonia than samples from asteroid Ryugu and most meteorites. Nitrogen-15 isotopic enrichments indicate that ammonia and other N-containing soluble molecules formed in a cold molecular cloud or the outer protoplanetary disk. We detected amino acids (including 14 of the 20 used in terrestrial biology), amines, formaldehyde, carboxylic acids, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and N-heterocycles (including all five nucleobases found in DNA and RNA), along with ~10,000 N-bearing chemical species. All chiral non-protein amino acids were racemic or nearly so, implying that terrestrial life’s left-handed chirality may not be due to bias in prebiotic molecules delivered by impacts. The relative abundances of amino acids and other soluble organics suggest formation and alteration by low-temperature reactions, possibly in NH₃-rich fluids. Bennu’s parent asteroid developed in or accreted ices from a reservoir in the outer Solar System where ammonia ice was stable.</p>","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143055031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Hα–X-ray surface-brightness correlation for filaments in cooling-flow clusters","authors":"Valeria Olivares, Adrien Picquenot, Yuanyuan Su, Massimo Gaspari, Marie-Lou Gendron-Marsolais, Fiorella L. Polles, Paul Nulsen","doi":"10.1038/s41550-024-02473-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-024-02473-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Massive galaxies in cooling-flow clusters display clear evidence of feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Joint X-ray and radio observations have shown that AGN radio jets push aside the surrounding hot gas and form cavities in the hot intracluster medium (ICM). These systems host complex, kiloparsec-scale, multiphase filamentary structures, from warm and ionized (10,000 K) to cold and molecular (&lt;100 K). These striking clumpy filaments are believed to be a natural outcome of thermally unstable cooling from the hot ICM, probably triggered by feedback processes while contributing to feeding the AGN via chaotic cold accretion (CCA). However, the detailed constraints on the formation mechanism of the filaments are still uncertain, and the connection between the different gas phases has to be fully unveiled. By leveraging a sample of seven X-ray-bright cooling-flow clusters, we have discovered a tight positive correlation between the X-ray surface brightness and the Hα surface brightness of the filaments over two orders of magnitude, as also found in stripped tails. We further show the quantitative consistency of such a relation with CCA predictions by leveraging hydrodynamical simulations. This discovery provides evidence for a shared excitation mechanism between hot and warm filaments, where multiphase condensation, triggered by AGN feedback, drives their tight co-evolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143044159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partial differentiation of Europa and implications for the origin of materials in the Jupiter system","authors":"Flavio Petricca, Julie C. Castillo-Rogez, Antonio Genova, Mohit Melwani Daswani, Marshall J. Styczinski, Corey J. Cochrane, Steven D. Vance","doi":"10.1038/s41550-024-02469-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-024-02469-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Galileo mission measured the gravity field around Europa. The results indicated that the moon’s interior is mostly made of rock (~90 wt%). However, the level of differentiation of the deep interior is still poorly understood. We constrain the interior of Europa using Galileo gravity data and a combination of geophysical and geochemical models that connects the origin of the materials accreted in the Jupiter system with the observed gravity field. The results indicate that Europa is partially differentiated and that it probably formed primarily from CV chondrite material. We investigate this finding by coupling thermal evolution models with a detailed treatment of Fe–FeS melting. The metal–silicate differentiation temperatures (&gt;1,600 K) are not attained if Europa formed about 4 Myr after the production of calcium aluminium inclusions. The leaching of potassium during thermal metamorphism further limits differentiation. Our results imply a cold evolution for Europa and suggest that part of water inventory of Europa was supplied by external sources, possibly by comets. These implications can be tested with the gravity data that will be acquired by Europa Clipper and JUICE.</p>","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143044160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Matching high-redshift galaxy counts with ΛCDM","authors":"Lindsay Oldham","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02475-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-025-02475-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"9 1","pages":"26-26"},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soft X-ray prompt emission from the high-redshift gamma-ray burst EP240315a","authors":"Y. Liu, H. Sun, D. Xu, D. S. Svinkin, J. Delaunay, N. R. Tanvir, H. Gao, C. Zhang, Y. Chen, X.-F. Wu, B. Zhang, W. Yuan, J. An, G. Bruni, D. D. Frederiks, G. Ghirlanda, J.-W. Hu, A. Li, C.-K. Li, J.-D. Li, D. B. Malesani, L. Piro, G. Raman, R. Ricci, E. Troja, S. D. Vergani, Q.-Y. Wu, J. Yang, B.-B. Zhang, Z.-P. Zhu, A. de Ugarte Postigo, A. G. Demin, D. Dobie, Z. Fan, S.-Y. Fu, J. P. U. Fynbo, J.-J. Geng, G. Gianfagna, Y.-D. Hu, Y.-F. Huang, S.-Q. Jiang, P. G. Jonker, Y. Julakanti, J. A. Kennea, A. A. Kokomov, E. Kuulkers, W.-H. Lei, J. K. Leung, A. J. Levan, D.-Y. Li, Y. Li, S. P. Littlefair, X. Liu, A. L. Lysenko, Y.-N. Ma, A. Martin-Carrillo, P. O’Brien, T. Parsotan, J. Quirola-Vásquez, A. V. Ridnaia, S. Ronchini, A. Rossi, D. Mata-Sánchez, B. Schneider, R.-F. Shen, A. L. Thakur, A. Tohuvavohu, M. A. P. Torres, A. E. Tsvetkova, M. V. Ulanov, J.-J. Wei, D. Xiao, Y.-H. I. Yin, M. Bai, V. Burwitz, Z.-M. Cai, F.-S. Chen, H.-L. Chen, T.-X. Chen, W. Chen, Y.-F. Chen, Y.-H. Chen, H.-Q. Cheng, B. Cordier, C.-Z. Cui, W.-W. Cui, Y.-F. Dai, Z.-G. Dai, J. Eder, R. A. J. Eyles-Ferris, D.-W. Fan, C. Feldman, H. Feng, Z. Feng, P. Friedrich, X. Gao, J.-F. Gonzalez, J. Guan, D.-W Han, J. Han, D.-J. Hou, H.-B. Hu, T. Hu, M.-H. Huang, J. Huo, I. Hutchinson, Z. Ji, S.-M. Jia, Z.-Q. Jia, B.-W. Jiang, C.-C. Jin, G. Jin, J.-J. Jin, A. Keereman, H. Lerman, J.-F. Li, L.-H. Li, M.-S. Li, W. Li, Z.-D. Li, T.-Y. Lian, E.-W. Liang, Z.-X. Ling, C.-Z. Liu, H.-Y. Liu, H.-Q. Liu, M.-J. Liu, Y.-R. Liu, F.-J. Lu, H.-J. Lü, L.-D. Luo, F. L. Ma, J. Ma, J.-R. Mao, X. Mao, M. McHugh, N. Meidinger, K. Nandra, J. P. Osborne, H.-W. Pan, X. Pan, M. E. Ravasio, A. Rau, N. Rea, U. Rehman, J. Sanders, A. Santovincenzo, L.-M. Song, J. Su, L.-J. Sun, S.-L. Sun, X.-J. Sun, Y.-Y. Tan, Q.-J. Tang, Y.-H. Tao, J.-Z. Tong, C.-Y. Wang, H. Wang, J. Wang, L. Wang, W.-X. Wang, X.-F. Wang, X.-Y. Wang, Y.-L. Wang, Y.-S. Wang, D.-M. Wei, R. Willingale, S.-L. Xiong, H.-T. Xu, J.-J. Xu, X.-P. Xu, Y.-F. Xu, Z. Xu, C.-B. Xue, Y.-L. Xue, A.-L. Yan, F. Yang, H.-N. Yang, X.-T. Yang, Y.-J Yang, Y.-W. Yu, J. Zhang, M. Zhang, S.-N. Zhang, W.-D. Zhang, W.-J. Zhang, Y.-H. Zhang, Z. Zhang, Z. Zhang, Z.-L. Zhang, D.-H. Zhao, H.-S. Zhao, X.-F. Zhao, Z.-J. Zhao, L.-X. Zhou, Y.-L. Zhou, Y.-X. Zhu, Z.-C. Zhu, X.-X. Zuo","doi":"10.1038/s41550-024-02449-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-024-02449-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are believed to originate from core collapse of massive stars. High-redshift GRBs can probe the star formation and reionization history of the early Universe, but their detection remains rare. Here we report the detection of a GRB triggered in the 0.5–4 keV band by the Wide-field X-ray Telescope (WXT) on board the Einstein Probe (EP) mission, designated as EP240315a, whose bright peak was also detected by the Swift Burst Alert Telescope and Konus-Wind through off-line analyses. At a redshift of <i>z</i> = 4.859, EP240315a showed a much longer and more complicated light curve in the soft-X-ray band than in gamma rays. Benefiting from a large field of view (~3,600°²) and a high sensitivity, EP-WXT captured the earlier engine activation and extended late engine activity through a continuous detection. With a peak X-ray flux at the faint end of previously known high-<i>z</i> GRBs, the detection of EP240315a demonstrates the great potential for EP to study the early universe via GRBs.</p>","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Moon’s many faces","authors":"Lindsay Oldham","doi":"10.1038/s41550-024-02468-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-024-02468-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"9 1","pages":"21-21"},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution of photospheric swirls","authors":"Bishwanath Gaire","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02474-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-025-02474-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"9 1","pages":"25-25"},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New year, new editorial team","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02478-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-025-02478-x","url":null,"abstract":"Nature Astronomy is staffed by a small team of full-time editors, each covering a broad range of scientific topics and different sections of the journal. Two recruits have recently joined the team, promising renewed vigour as we go into 2025.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-025-02478-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oceans under the light of moribund stars","authors":"Luca Maltagliati","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02476-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-025-02476-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"9 1","pages":"27-27"},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}