Nature Astronomy最新文献_第10页

Publisher Correction: Evidence of mutually exclusive outflow forms from a black hole X-ray binary 出版者更正：黑洞x射线双星相互排斥流出形式的证据

IF 14.3 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Astronomy Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41550-026-02780-2

Zuobin Zhang, Jiachen Jiang, Francesco Carotenuto, Honghui Liu, Cosimo Bambi, Rob P. Fender, Andrew J. Young, Jakob van den Eijnden, Christopher S. Reynolds, Andrew C. Fabian, Julien N. Girard, Joey Neilsen, James F. Steiner, John A. Tomsick, Stéphane Corbel, Andrew K. Hughes

引用次数: 0

Rotation amplifies mixing in ageing Sun-like stars 旋转放大了老化的类太阳恒星的混合

IF 14.3 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Astronomy Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41550-025-02744-y

引用次数: 0

Megaelectronvolt-peaked electrons in a coronal source of a solar flare 太阳耀斑日冕源中的峰值电子

IF 14.3 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Astronomy Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1038/s41550-025-02754-w

Gregory D. Fleishman, Ivan Oparin, Gelu M. Nita, Bin Chen, Sijie Yu, Dale E. Gary

{"title":"Megaelectronvolt-peaked electrons in a coronal source of a solar flare","authors":"Gregory D. Fleishman, Ivan Oparin, Gelu M. Nita, Bin Chen, Sijie Yu, Dale E. Gary","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02754-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-025-02754-w","url":null,"abstract":"Analysis of γ-rays in solar flares has suggested a distinct continuum component dominating at megaelectronvolt energies, which differs from the well-studied X-ray continuum produced by flare-accelerated electrons, with spectra steeply falling with energy. The origin, precise spatial location and extent of this mysterious megaelectronvolt component have been unknown up to now. If it is produced by bremsstrahlung, such a γ-ray component requires an unusual population of electrons peaked at a few million electron volts. Here we report a joint study of this megaelectronvolt-peaked electron population in the 2017 September 10 solar flare with Fermi megaelectronvolt γ-ray data and spatially resolved microwave imaging spectroscopy data obtained by the Expanded Owens Valley Solar Array. We demonstrate that the microwave spectrum from the megaelectronvolt-peaked distribution has a distinctly different shape from that produced by the electrons with a falling energy spectrum. We inspected microwave maps of the flare and identified an evolving area where the measured microwave spectra matched the theoretically expected ones for the megaelectronvolt-peaked population, thus pinpointing the site where this megaelectronvolt component resides. The locations are in a coronal volume adjacent to the region where prominent release of magnetic energy and bulk electron acceleration were detected. The results imply that transport effects play a key role in forming this population of high-energy particles, which is crucial for building a complete picture of the multifaceted solar flare phenomena. A group of extremely energetic electrons peaking at a few million electron volts is revealed in a large solar flare observed in microwaves. This megaelectronvolt-peaked population appears to originate near a coronal source where bulk electron acceleration occurs.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"10 3","pages":"363-370"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145908312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quasi-periodic pulsations driven by repeated reconnection 由重复重连驱动的准周期脉动

IF 14.3 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Astronomy Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1038/s41550-025-02761-x

Dong Li

引用次数: 0

Spatial variation of energy transport mechanisms within solar flare ribbons 太阳耀斑带内能量输运机制的空间变化

IF 14.3 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Astronomy Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41550-025-02747-9

Graham S. Kerr, Säm Krucker, Joel C. Allred, Jenny M. Rodríguez-Gómez, Andrew R. Inglis, Daniel F. Ryan, Laura A. Hayes, Ryan O. Milligan, Adam F. Kowalski, Joseph E. Plowman, Peter R. Young, Therese A. Kucera, Jeffrey W. Brosius

{"title":"Spatial variation of energy transport mechanisms within solar flare ribbons","authors":"Graham S. Kerr, Säm Krucker, Joel C. Allred, Jenny M. Rodríguez-Gómez, Andrew R. Inglis, Daniel F. Ryan, Laura A. Hayes, Ryan O. Milligan, Adam F. Kowalski, Joseph E. Plowman, Peter R. Young, Therese A. Kucera, Jeffrey W. Brosius","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02747-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-025-02747-9","url":null,"abstract":"Solar flares release a tremendous amount of magnetic energy that subsequently manifests in several forms; the bulk of this energy is transported through the Sun’s atmosphere and explosively heats the chromosphere. While hard X-ray observations have pointed to flare-accelerated electrons as a primary means by which energy is transported following flares, alternative processes undoubtedly act alongside, or even instead of, those energetic electrons. To shed light on this we analysed flare-optimized, high-cadence Solar Orbiter observations. Footpoints from two flare ribbons were observed by the Spectral Imaging of the Coronal Environment (SPICE) instrument. Curiously, those footpoints exhibited contrasting behaviour: one had short-lived yet strong decreases in the Lyman β/Lyman γ line intensity ratio, whereas the other exhibited a more prolonged, moderate dip in that ratio. These observations were compared to synthetic spectra from radiation hydrodynamic simulations of flares driven by various energy transport mechanisms. This revealed that one footpoint was driven by energetic particle precipitation, while the other was driven by enhanced thermal heat flux. The implication is that energetic particles do not dominate along the entirety of flare ribbons. Critically, we must now focus on understanding where, when and why different mechanisms dominate in solar flare energy transport. High-resolution flare footpoint observations in the extreme ultraviolet and X-rays were taken by Solar Orbiter. Combined with simulations, the results reveal that the dominant mechanism carrying flare energy through the Sun’s atmosphere can vary on small spatial scales.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"10 2","pages":"202-213"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-025-02747-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145902631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evidence of mutually exclusive outflow forms from a black hole X-ray binary 黑洞x射线双星相互排斥流出的证据

IF 14.3 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Astronomy Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41550-025-02753-x

Zuobin Zhang, Jiachen Jiang, Francesco Carotenuto, Honghui Liu, Cosimo Bambi, Rob P. Fender, Andrew J. Young, Jakob van den Eijnden, Christopher S. Reynolds, Andrew C. Fabian, Julien N. Girard, Joey Neilsen, James F. Steiner, John A. Tomsick, Stéphane Corbel, Andrew K. Hughes

{"title":"Evidence of mutually exclusive outflow forms from a black hole X-ray binary","authors":"Zuobin Zhang, Jiachen Jiang, Francesco Carotenuto, Honghui Liu, Cosimo Bambi, Rob P. Fender, Andrew J. Young, Jakob van den Eijnden, Christopher S. Reynolds, Andrew C. Fabian, Julien N. Girard, Joey Neilsen, James F. Steiner, John A. Tomsick, Stéphane Corbel, Andrew K. Hughes","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02753-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-025-02753-x","url":null,"abstract":"Accretion onto black holes often leads to the launch of outflows that substantially influence their surrounding environments. The two primary forms of these outflows are X-ray disk winds—hot, ionized gases ejected from the accretion disk—and relativistic jets, which are collimated streams of particles often expelled along the rotational axis of the black hole. While previous studies have revealed a general association between spectral states and different types of outflow, the physical mechanisms governing wind and jet formation remain debated. Here, using coordinated NICER and MeerKAT observations of the recurrent black hole X-ray binary 4U 1630–472, we identify a clear anti-correlation between X-ray disk winds and jets: during three recent outbursts, only one type of outflow is detected at a time. Notably, this apparent exclusivity occurs even as the overall accretion luminosity remains within the range expected for a standard thin disk, characteristic of the canonical soft state. These results suggest a competition between outflow channels that may depend on how the accretion energy is partitioned between the disk and the corona. Our findings provide observational constraints on jet and wind formation in X-ray binaries and offer a fresh perspective on the interplay between different modes of accretion-driven feedback. Coordinated X-ray and radio observations reveal that disk winds and jets occur mutually exclusively in 4U 1630–472, providing new observational constraints on the interplay between different modes of outflow in X-ray binaries.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"10 2","pages":"281-289"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145902626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A possible challenge for cold and warm dark matter 这可能是对冷暗物质和热暗物质的挑战

IF 14.3 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Astronomy Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41550-025-02746-w

Simona Vegetti, Simon D. M. White, John P. McKean, Devon M. Powell, Cristiana Spingola, Davide Massari, Giulia Despali, Christopher D. Fassnacht

{"title":"A possible challenge for cold and warm dark matter","authors":"Simona Vegetti, Simon D. M. White, John P. McKean, Devon M. Powell, Cristiana Spingola, Davide Massari, Giulia Despali, Christopher D. Fassnacht","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02746-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-025-02746-w","url":null,"abstract":"Measuring the density profile and mass concentration of dark-matter haloes is a key test of the standard cold dark matter paradigm. Such objects are dark and thus challenging to characterize, but they can be studied via gravitational lensing. Recently, a million-solar-mass object was discovered superposed on an extended and extremely thin gravitational arc. Here we report on extensive tests of various assumptions for the mass density profile and redshift of this object. We find that models that best describe the data have two components: an unresolved point mass of radius ≤10 pc centred on an extended mass distribution with an almost constant surface density out to a truncation radius of 139 pc. These properties do not resemble any known astronomical object. However, if the object is dark matter dominated, its structure is incompatible with cold dark matter models but may be compatible with a self-interacting dark-matter halo where the central region has collapsed to form a black hole. This detection could thus carry substantial implications for our current understanding of dark matter. Gravitational lens modelling of a million-solar-mass dark object reveals that it cannot be a free-floating black hole or dark-matter halo as predicted by cold dark matter, instead indicating a peculiar and highly concentrated mass distribution.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"10 3","pages":"440-447"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-025-02746-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145902625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A dense web of neutral gas in a galaxy proto-cluster post-reionization 再电离后的原星系团中密集的中性气体网

IF 14.3 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Astronomy Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41550-025-02745-x

Kasper E. Heintz, Jake S. Bennett, Pascal A. Oesch, Albert Sneppen, Douglas Rennehan, Clara L. Pollock, Joris Witstok, Renske Smit, Simone Vejlgaard, Chamilla Terp, Umran S. Koca, Gabriel B. Brammer, Kristian Finlator, Matthew J. Hayes, Debora Sijacki, Rohan P. Naidu, Jorryt Matthee, Francesco Valentino, Nial R. Tanvir, Páll Jakobsson, Peter Laursen, Darach J. Watson, Romeel Davé, Laura C. Keating, Alba Covelo-Paz

{"title":"A dense web of neutral gas in a galaxy proto-cluster post-reionization","authors":"Kasper E. Heintz, Jake S. Bennett, Pascal A. Oesch, Albert Sneppen, Douglas Rennehan, Clara L. Pollock, Joris Witstok, Renske Smit, Simone Vejlgaard, Chamilla Terp, Umran S. Koca, Gabriel B. Brammer, Kristian Finlator, Matthew J. Hayes, Debora Sijacki, Rohan P. Naidu, Jorryt Matthee, Francesco Valentino, Nial R. Tanvir, Páll Jakobsson, Peter Laursen, Darach J. Watson, Romeel Davé, Laura C. Keating, Alba Covelo-Paz","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02745-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-025-02745-x","url":null,"abstract":"Galaxy clusters are the most massive, gravitationally bound structures in the Universe. They emerged through hierarchical structure formation of large-scale dark matter and baryon overdensities. Early galaxy ‘proto-clusters’ are believed to have substantially contributed to the cosmic star-formation rate density and served as ‘hotspots’ for the reionization of the intergalactic medium. Our understanding of the formation of these structures at the earliest cosmic epochs is, however, limited to sparse observations of their galaxy members or is based on phenomenological models and cosmological simulations. Here we report the detection of a large and coherent structure of neutral atomic hydrogen gas (H i) extending from a galaxy proto-cluster at redshift z = 5.4, one billion years after the Big Bang. The presence of this H i gas is revealed by strong damped Lyman-α absorption features observed in several background-galaxy spectra. Although the sight lines overall probe a large range in H i column densities, NHI = 1020 cm−2 to 1023.5 cm−2, they are similar across nearby sight lines, demonstrating that they probe the same dense neutral gas. This observation of a dense large-scale overdensity of cold neutral gas challenges current cosmological simulations and has strong implications for the reionization topology of the Universe. The discovery of a vast reservoir of primordial neutral hydrogen gas surrounding a young galaxy cluster just one billion years after the Big Bang offers new insight into how the first large cosmic structures assembled.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"10 3","pages":"448-456"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145894373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A solution to the S8 tension through neutrino–dark matter interactions 通过中微子-暗物质相互作用求解S8张力

IF 14.3 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Astronomy Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41550-025-02733-1

Lei Zu, William Giarè, Chi Zhang, Eleonora Di Valentino, Yue-Lin Sming Tsai, Sebastian Trojanowski

{"title":"A solution to the S8 tension through neutrino–dark matter interactions","authors":"Lei Zu, William Giarè, Chi Zhang, Eleonora Di Valentino, Yue-Lin Sming Tsai, Sebastian Trojanowski","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02733-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-025-02733-1","url":null,"abstract":"Neutrinos and dark matter (DM) are two of the least understood components of the Universe, yet both play crucial roles in cosmic evolution. Clues about their fundamental properties may emerge from discrepancies in cosmological measurements across different epochs of cosmic history. Possible interactions between them could leave distinctive imprints on cosmological observables, offering a rare window into dark sector physics beyond the standard ΛCDM framework. Here we present compelling evidence that DM–neutrino interactions can resolve the persistent structure growth parameter discrepancy, $${S}_{8}={sigma }_{8},sqrt{{varOmega }_{rm{m}}/0.3}$$ , between early and late Universe observations. By incorporating cosmic shear measurements from current weak lensing surveys, we demonstrate that an interaction strength of u ≈ 10−4 not only provides a coherent explanation for the high-multipole observations from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope, but also alleviates the S8 discrepancy. Combining early Universe constraints with DES Y3 cosmic shear data yields a nearly 3σ preference for non-zero DM–neutrino interactions. This strengthens previous observational claims and provides a clear path towards a breakthrough in cosmological research. Our findings challenge the standard ΛCDM paradigm and highlight the potential of future large-scale structure surveys, which can rigorously test this interaction and unveil the fundamental properties of DM. Interactions between dark matter and neutrinos would leave observable imprints on cosmic structures. Combining cosmic microwave background and weak lensing data shows a nearly three-sigma preference for such interactions.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"10 3","pages":"457-465"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-025-02733-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145895486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A radio observatory for the ages 世世代代的射电天文台

IF 14.3 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Astronomy Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1038/s41550-025-02755-9

Bokyoung Kim, Paul Woods

引用次数: 0