Nature Astronomy最新文献

{"title":"The emerging archaeological record of Mars","authors":"Justin A. Holcomb, Beth L. O’Leary, Alberto G. Fairén, Rolfe D. Mandel, Karl W. Wegmann","doi":"10.1038/s41550-024-02439-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-024-02439-w","url":null,"abstract":"Humans first reached Mars in 1971, initiating the record of human activity on the Red Planet. As planetary scientists plan for future planetary protection procedures for Mars, they should also consider the developing archaeological record on one of our nearest planets.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"8 12","pages":"1490-1492"},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142831968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peeking at the formation of PDS 70 b","authors":"Luca Maltagliati","doi":"10.1038/s41550-024-02464-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-024-02464-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"8 12","pages":"1500-1500"},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142832111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher iron yield in massive stars","authors":"Bishwanath Gaire","doi":"10.1038/s41550-024-02457-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-024-02457-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"8 12","pages":"1497-1497"},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142832273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined analysis of the 12.8 and 15 μm JWST/MIRI eclipse observations of TRAPPIST-1 b","authors":"Elsa Ducrot, Pierre-Olivier Lagage, Michiel Min, Michaël Gillon, Taylor J. Bell, Pascal Tremblin, Thomas Greene, Achrène Dyrek, Jeroen Bouwman, Rens Waters, Manuel Güdel, Thomas Henning, Bart Vandenbussche, Olivier Absil, David Barrado, Anthony Boccaletti, Alain Coulais, Leen Decin, Billy Edwards, René Gastaud, Alistair Glasse, Sarah Kendrew, Goran Olofsson, Polychronis Patapis, John Pye, Daniel Rouan, Niall Whiteford, Ioannis Argyriou, Christophe Cossou, Adrian M. Glauser, Oliver Krause, Fred Lahuis, Pierre Royer, Silvia Scheithauer, Luis Colina, Ewine F. van Dishoeck, Göran Ostlin, Tom P. Ray, Gillian Wright","doi":"10.1038/s41550-024-02428-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-024-02428-z","url":null,"abstract":"The first James Webb Space Telescope/MIRI photometric observations of TRAPPIST-1 b allowed for the detection of the thermal emission of the planet at 15 μm, suggesting that the planet could be a bare rock with a zero albedo and no redistribution of heat. These observations at 15 μm were acquired as part of Guaranteed Time Observer time that included a twin programme at 12.8 μm to obtain measurements inside and outside the CO2 absorption band. Here we present five new occultations of TRAPPIST-1 b observed with MIRI in an additional photometric band at 12.8 μm. We perform a global fit of the ten eclipses and derive a planet-to-star flux ratio and 1σ error of 452 ± 86 ppm and 775 ± 90 ppm at 12.8 μm and 15 μm, respectively. We find that two main scenarios emerge. An airless planet model with an unweathered (fresh) ultramafic surface, that could be indicative of relatively recent geological processes, fits the data well. Alternatively, a thick, pure-CO2 atmosphere with photochemical hazes that create a temperature inversion and result in the CO2 feature being seen in emission also works, although with some caveats. Our results highlight the challenges in accurately determining a planet’s atmospheric or surface nature solely from broadband filter measurements of its emission, but also point towards two very interesting scenarios that will be further investigated with the forthcoming phase curve of TRAPPIST-1 b. Simultaneous observations of TRAPPIST-1 b from JWST at 12.8 and 15 μm indicate that it is probably a bare rock with a mineral-rich surface. However, an alternative scenario with a CO2-rich atmosphere and hazes could also explain the observations.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"9 3","pages":"358-369"},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142825010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The need for large sample numbers to demonstrate that Martian environments are lifeless","authors":"Vanda Inácio, Miguel de Carvalho, Olivia Jackson, Sean McMahon, Charles S. Cockell","doi":"10.1038/s41550-024-02443-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-024-02443-0","url":null,"abstract":"The sample numbers required to achieve a 95% confidence, with high precision, that Martian environments are lifeless can exceed many hundreds. This might not be achievable by sample return only and might require human explorers.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"8 12","pages":"1493-1495"},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142831970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Echoes of a salty ocean on Ryugu","authors":"Prajkta Mane, Michael E. Zolensky","doi":"10.1038/s41550-024-02438-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-024-02438-x","url":null,"abstract":"The discovery of sodium carbonate salts in samples returned from the asteroid Ryugu suggests a very water-rich past of Ryugu’s parent body.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"8 12","pages":"1508-1509"},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142831969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On our bookshelf","authors":"Lindsay Oldham","doi":"10.1038/s41550-024-02437-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-024-02437-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"8 12","pages":"1496-1496"},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symbiotic stars, weird novae, and related embarrassing binaries","authors":"Jaroslav Merc, Joanna Mikołajewska","doi":"10.1038/s41550-024-02436-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-024-02436-z","url":null,"abstract":"It has been more than a decade since the last meeting on symbiotic stars and related objects was convened. This year participants gathered in Prague to discuss developments in the field, in part prompted by new surveys and observatories.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"8 12","pages":"1504-1505"},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A dry interior for Venus suggests the planet was never habitable","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41550-024-02415-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-024-02415-4","url":null,"abstract":"The composition of Venus’s atmosphere is well known, and is likely being replenished by volcanic gases. Analysis suggests that the volcanic eruptions are water-poor — implying that the planet’s mantle is dry. This is consistent with Venus having had a long-lasting dry surface and never having been habitable.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"9 2","pages":"187-188"},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A dry Venusian interior constrained by atmospheric chemistry","authors":"Tereza Constantinou, Oliver Shorttle, Paul B. Rimmer","doi":"10.1038/s41550-024-02414-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-024-02414-5","url":null,"abstract":"Venus’s climatic history provides powerful constraints on the location of the inner edge of the liquid-water habitable zone. However, two very different histories of water on Venus have been proposed: one where Venus had a temperate climate for billions of years with surface liquid water and the other where a hot early Venus was never able to condense surface liquid water. Here we offer a constraint on Venus’s climate history by inferring the water content of its interior. By calculating the present rate of atmospheric destruction of H2O, CO2 and OCS, which must be restored by volcanism to maintain atmospheric stability, we show that Venus’s interior is dry. Venusian volcanic gases have at most a 6% water mole fraction, which is substantially drier than terrestrial magmas degassed at similar conditions. The dry interior is consistent with Venus ending its magma ocean epoch desiccated and thereafter having had a long-lived dry surface. Volcanic resupply to Venus’s atmosphere, therefore, indicates that the planet has never been liquid-water habitable. The composition of the volcanic gas supplied to Venus’s atmosphere indicates that the planet has a dry interior and is unlikely to have condensed liquid water on its surface, substantially constraining its potential habitability.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"9 2","pages":"189-198"},"PeriodicalIF":12.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-024-02414-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142760496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}