Nature Astronomy最新文献

{"title":"Astronomy as a strategic driver for sustainable development","authors":"Joyful E. Mdhluli, Charles Takalana, Ramasamy Venugopal, Kevin Govender, Eslam Hussein, Dominic Vertue","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02602-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-025-02602-x","url":null,"abstract":"The ethos of the International Astronomical Union’s Office of Astronomy for Development is to direct astronomy towards addressing urgent societal needs. It does this by funding and managing hundreds of projects across the world.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"9 7","pages":"936-939"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144500392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An imaging spectrometer for a 4 m solar telescope","authors":"T. J. Kentischer, M. Schubert, C. Halbgewachs","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02604-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-025-02604-9","url":null,"abstract":"The Visible Tunable Filter (VTF) has recently been installed on the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope in Hawai‘i. When complete, the instrument will offer high-resolution observations of the solar surface.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"9 7","pages":"1098-1098"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144488362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A fast X-ray transient from a weak relativistic jet associated with a type Ic-BL supernova","authors":"H. Sun, W.-X. Li, L.-D. Liu, H. Gao, X.-F. Wang, W. Yuan, B. Zhang, A. V. Filippenko, D. Xu, T. An, S. Ai, T. G. Brink, Y. Liu, Y.-Q. Liu, C.-Y. Wang, Q.-Y. Wu, X.-F. Wu, Y. Yang, B.-B. Zhang, W.-K. Zheng, T. Ahumada, Z.-G. Dai, J. Delaunay, N. Elias-Rosa, S. Benetti, S.-Y. Fu, D. A. Howell, Y.-F. Huang, M. M. Kasliwal, V. Karambelkar, R. Stein, W.-H. Lei, T.-Y. Lian, Z.-K. Peng, D. D. Frederiks, A. V. Ridnaia, D. S. Svinkin, X.-Y. Wang, A.-L. Wang, D.-M. Wei, J. An, M. Andrews, J.-M Bai, C.-Y. Dai, S. A. Ehgamberdiev, Z. Fan, J. Farah, H.-C. Feng, J. P. U. Fynbo, W.-J. Guo, Z. Guo, M.-K. Hu, J.-W. Hu, S.-Q. Jiang, J.-J. Jin, A. Li, J.-D. Li, R.-Z. Li, Y.-F. Liang, Z.-X. Ling, X. Liu, J.-R. Mao, C. McCully, D. Mirzaqulov, M. Newsome, E. Padilla Gonzalez, X. Pan, G. Terreran, S. Tinyanont, B.-T. Wang, L.-Z. Wang, X.-D. Wen, D.-F. Xiang, S.-J. Xue, J. Yang, Z.-P. Zhu, Z.-M. Cai, A. J. Castro-Tirado, F.-S. Chen, H.-L. Chen, T.-X. Chen, W. Chen, Y.-H. Chen, Y.-F. Chen, Y. Chen, H.-Q. Cheng, B. Cordier, C.-Z. Cui, W.-W. Cui, Y.-F. Dai, D.-W. Fan, H. Feng, J. Guan, D.-W. Han, D.-J. Hou, H.-B. Hu, M.-H. Huang, J. Huo, S.-M. Jia, Z.-Q. Jia, B.-W. Jiang, C.-C. Jin, G. Jin, E. Kuulkers, C.-K. Li, D.-Y. Li, J.-F. Li, L.-H. Li, M.-S. Li, W. Li, Z.-D. Li, C.-Z. Liu, H.-Y. Liu, H.-Q. Liu, M.-J. Liu, F.-J. Lu, L.-D. Luo, J. Ma, X. Mao, K. Nandra, P. O’Brien, H.-W. Pan, A. Rau, N. Rea, J. Sanders, L.-M. Song, S.-L. Sun, X.-J. Sun, Y. -Y. Tan, Q.-J. Tang, Y.-H. Tao, H. Wang, J. Wang, L. Wang, W.-X. Wang, Y.-L. Wang, Y.-S. Wang, D.-R. Xiong, H.-T. Xu, J.-J. Xu, X.-P. Xu, Y.-F. Xu, Z. Xu, C.-B. Xue, Y.-L. Xue, A.-L. Yan, H.-N. Yang, X.-T. Yang, Y.-J. Yang, C. Zhang, J. Zhang, M. Zhang, S.-N. Zhang, W.-D. Zhang, W.-J. Zhang, Y.-H. Zhang, Z. Zhang, Z. Zhang, Z.-L. Zhang, D.-H. Zhao, H.-S. Zhao, X.-F. Zhao, Z.-J. Zhao, Y.-L. Zhou, Y.-X. Zhu, Z.-C. Zhu, H. Zou","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02571-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-025-02571-1","url":null,"abstract":"Massive stars end their lives as core-collapse supernovae, among which some extremes are broad-lined type Ic supernovae from Wolf–Rayet stars associated with long-duration gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs) with powerful relativistic jets. Their less-extreme brethren make unsuccessful jets that are choked inside the stars, appearing as X-ray flashes or low-luminosity GRBs. However, there exists a population of extragalactic fast X-ray transients with timescales ranging from seconds to thousands of seconds, whose origins remain obscure. Here we report the discovery of the bright X-ray transient EP240414a detected by the Einstein Probe, which is associated with the type Ic supernova SN 2024gsa at a redshift of 0.401. The X-ray emission evolution is characterized by a very soft energy spectrum peaking at <1.3 keV, which makes it different from known LGRBs, X-ray flashes or low-luminosity GRBs. Follow-up observations at optical and radio bands revealed the existence of a weak relativistic jet that interacts with an extended shell surrounding the progenitor star. Located on the outskirts of a massive galaxy, this event reveals a population of explosions of Wolf–Rayet stars characterized by a less powerful engine that drives a successful but weak jet, possibly owing to a progenitor star with a smaller core angular momentum than in traditional LGRB progenitors. The Einstein Probe has discovered a fast X-ray transient, EP240414a, associated with a broad-lined type Ic supernova. Its unusually soft spectrum and weak jet add to the diversity of stellar deaths and suggest a previously unknown Wolf–Rayet star explosion mechanism.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"9 7","pages":"1073-1085"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144488424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the mass distribution of the first stars from the 21-cm signal","authors":"T. Gessey-Jones, N. S. Sartorio, H. T. J. Bevins, A. Fialkov, W. J. Handley, E. de Lera Acedo, G. M. Mirouh, R. G. Izzard, R. Barkana","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02575-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-025-02575-x","url":null,"abstract":"The formation of the first stars and the subsequent population of X-ray binaries represents a fundamental transition in the state of the Universe as it evolves from near homogeneity to being abundant in collapsed structures such as galaxies. Due to a lack of direct observations, the properties of these stars remain highly uncertain. Here, by considering the impact of the first stars and their remnant X-ray binaries on the cosmological 21-cm signal, we demonstrate that upcoming observations have the potential to improve our understanding of these objects. We find that a 25 mK sensitivity measurement of the 21-cm global signal by a wide-beam radiometer, such as REACH, or 3,000 h of foreground avoidance observations of the 21-cm power spectrum by SKA-Low, could provide 3σ constraints on the mass distribution of the first stars. Such measurements will fill a critical gap in our understanding of the early Universe and aid in interpreting high-redshift galaxy observations. Next-generation radio telescopes, such as the Square Kilometre Array, will be able to reveal the mass distribution of the first stars in the Universe by detecting their impact on a faint radio signal of hydrogen atoms from Cosmic Dawn.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"9 8","pages":"1268-1279"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-025-02575-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144329002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-precession of a curved jet and compact accretion disk in M87","authors":"Yuzhu Cui, Weikang Lin","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02580-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-025-02580-0","url":null,"abstract":"Observational constraints on the configuration of the black hole (BH)–accretion disk–jet system are crucial to understanding BH spin, accretion disk physics and jet formation. The recently reported variation in the position angle of the M87 jet provides a new avenue for exploring these long-standing issues. The observed ~11-year periodicity, spanning over two cycles, is consistent with the Lense–Thirring precession of a compact, tilted accretion disk. However, how such a compact region decouples from the larger-scale accretion flow remains an open question in current numerical simulations. The jet precession challenges the traditional view of a strictly collimated jet by revealing a subtle curvature in the inner regions of the jet that dynamically links the jet to the spinning BH and successfully accounts for its unexpectedly wide inner projected profile. Although continued long-term observations are needed to distinguish coherent precession from stochastic fluctuations in the disk or jet orientation, these results open a new window for probing BH systems through coordinated multiscale observations and follow-on theoretical models. M87’s jet is precessing with a relatively short 11-year period and seems to be curved in the vicinity of the black hole, rather than being strictly collimated. This indicates the presence of a compact accretion disk and points to gaps in our understanding of jet dynamics.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"9 8","pages":"1218-1225"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-025-02580-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144329004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fermi detection of gamma-ray emission from the hot coronae of radio-quiet active galactic nuclei","authors":"Jun-Rong Liu, Jian-Min Wang, Fermi-LAT Collaboration","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02538-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-025-02538-2","url":null,"abstract":"Relativistic jets around supermassive black holes are well-known powerful γ-ray emitters. In the absence of the jets in radio-quiet active galactic nuclei, how the supermassive black holes work in γ-ray bands is still unknown despite great observational efforts in the past three decades. Here, considering the previous efforts, we carefully select an active galactic nucleus sample composed of 37 nearby Seyfert galaxies with ultrahard X-rays for γ-ray detection by excluding all potential contamination in this band. Adopting a stacking technique, we report the significant γ-ray detection (test statistic 30.6, or 5.2σ) from the sample using 15-year Fermi-LAT observations. We find the average γ-ray luminosity of the sample to be (1.5 ± 1.0) × 1040 erg s−1 at energies of 1–300 GeV. Limited by the well-known pair production from the interaction of γ-rays with low-energy photons, γ-rays of more than several giga-electronvolts are found to originate from an extended corona (~2.7 × 106 gravitational radii), whereas the canonical much more compact X-ray corona (~10 gravitational radii) is responsible for γ-rays of one to several giga-electronvolts. The finding of the compact region lends strong support to the long-time theoretical expectations, but the extended corona is an unexpected finding. One promising scenario is that the electron–positron pairs produced in the compact X-ray corona would expand as a fireball, similar to that in γ-ray bursts, forming the structure of extended corona. The Fermi-LAT Collaboration reports a significant γ-ray detection (5.2σ) from the coronae of radio-quiet active galactic nuclei, revealing compact (~10 gravitational radii) and extended (~2.7 × 106 gravitational radii) corona regions, challenging existing models.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"9 7","pages":"1086-1097"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144329005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Black in galaxy astrophysics","authors":"Devontae C. Baxter, Arianna S. Long, Sinclaire M. Manning, Evan H. Nuñez, Zara Randriamanakoto, Gianni Sims","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02581-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-025-02581-z","url":null,"abstract":"As part of Black Space Week 2025, six extragalactic astronomers share information about their scientific interests, research projects and personal motivations for working in astronomy.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"9 6","pages":"767-771"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144329032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invisible spiral arms in Milky Way-like galaxies","authors":"Bokyoung Kim","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02598-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-025-02598-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"9 6","pages":"775-775"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144329006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empowering voices and building bridges across the space community with Black In Astro","authors":"Naia Butler-Craig, Bryné Hadnott, KeShawn Ivory, Tana Joseph, AJ Link, Cheyenne Polius, Caprice L. Phillips, Dakotah Tyler, Ashley Walker, Robert Washington","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02588-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-025-02588-6","url":null,"abstract":"Black In Astro is a grassroots organization that offers support and networking for Black people working in or studying astronomy and space-related fields across the globe. Now five years old, it is established and looking to grow the range of support it offers.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"9 6","pages":"750-753"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144329030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life might seem out of whack","authors":"Paul Woods","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02601-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-025-02601-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"9 6","pages":"778-778"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144329027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}