Nature Astronomy最新文献

{"title":"The variety and origin of materials accreted by Bennu’s parent asteroid","authors":"J. J. Barnes, A. N. Nguyen, F. A. J. Abernethy, K. Bajo, D. V. Bekaert, E. Bloch, G. A. Brennecka, H. Busemann, J. S. Cowpe, S. A. Crowther, M. Ek, L. J. Fawcett, M. A. Fehr, I. A. Franchi, E. Füri, J. D. Gilmour, M. M. Grady, R. C. Greenwood, P. Haenecour, N. Kawasaki, P. Koefoed, D. Krietsch, L. Le, K. M. Liszewska, C. Maden, J. Malley, Y. Marrocchi, B. Marty, L. A. E. Meyer, T. S. Peretyazhko, L. Piani, J. Render, S. S. Russell, M. Rüfenacht, N. Sakamoto, M. Schönbächler, Q. R. Shollenberger, L. Smith, K. Thomas-Keprta, A. B. Verchovsky, J. Villeneuve, K. Wang, K. C. Welten, J. Wimpenny, E. A. Worsham, H. Yurimoto, L. Zimmermann, X. Zhao, C. M. O’D. Alexander, M. Amini, A. Baczynski, P. Bland, L. E. Borg, R. Burgess, M. W. Caffee, L. C. Chaves, P. L. Clay, J. P. Dworkin, D. I. Foustoukos, D. P. Glavin, V. E. Hamilton, D. Hill, C. H. House, G. R. Huss, T. Ireland, C. E. Jilly, F. Jourdan, L. P. Keller, T. S. Kruijer, V. Lai, T. J. McCoy, K. Nagashima, K. Nishiizumi, R. Ogliore, I. J. Ong, S. M. Reddy, W. D. A. Rickard, S. Sandford, D. W. Saxey, N. Timms, D. Weis, Z. E. Wilbur, T. J. Zega, D. N. DellaGiustina, C. W. V. Wolner, H. C. Connolly, D. S. Lauretta","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02631-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-025-02631-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The first bodies to form in the Solar System acquired their materials from stars, the presolar molecular cloud and the protoplanetary disk. Asteroids that have not undergone planetary differentiation retain evidence of these primary accreted materials. However, geologic processes such as hydrothermal alteration can dramatically change their bulk mineralogy, isotopic compositions and chemistry. Here we analyse the elemental and isotopic compositions of samples from asteroid Bennu to uncover the sources and types of material accreted by its parent body. We show that some primary accreted materials escaped the extensive aqueous alteration that occurred on the parent asteroid, including presolar grains from ancient stars, organic matter from the outer Solar System or molecular cloud, refractory solids that formed close to the Sun, and dust enriched in neutron-rich Ti isotopes. We find Bennu to be richer in isotopically anomalous organic matter, anhydrous silicates, and light isotopes of K and Zn than its closest compositional counterparts, asteroid Ryugu and Ivuna-type (CI) carbonaceous chondrite meteorites. We propose that the parent bodies of Bennu, Ryugu and CI chondrites formed from a common but spatially and/or temporally heterogeneous reservoir of materials in the outer protoplanetary disk.</p>","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144900152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KREEP-like lithologies in the South Pole–Aitken basin reworked by the Apollo basin impact at 4.16 Ga","authors":"Jingyou Chen, Le Zhang, Zexian Cui, Zhiming Chen, Zhiyong Xiao, Fanglu Luo, Yuqi Qian, Yan-Qiang Zhang, Chengyuan Wang, Jintuan Wang, Qing Yang, Pengli He, Linli Chen, Fangfang Huang, Haiyang Xian, Katherine H. Joy, James W. Head, Clive R. Neal, Yi-Gang Xu","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02640-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-025-02640-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The early impact flux recorded by the Moon, especially the first billion years during the basin-forming epoch, is pivotal to understanding the evolution of inner Solar System bodies. However, our current understanding of this critical epoch is impeded by the lack of samples that have a clear provenance from specific ancient impact basins. Here we examine three impact-melt clasts in the Chang’e-6 lunar regolith collected from the Apollo basin within the gigantic South Pole–Aitken basin. We found that the impact-melt rocks, which have KREEP-like compositional signatures, probably originated from the differentiates of a South Pole–Aitken basin impact-melt sheet or pool, which were later reworked by the Apollo basin-forming event at ~4.16 Ga. This study suggests that the basin-forming epoch did not occur within the narrow timespan of ~3.8–4.0 Ga proposed for a cataclysmic late heavy bombardment.</p>","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144900137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fast X-ray transient EP240315A from a Lyman-continuum-leaking galaxy at z ≈ 5","authors":"Andrew J. Levan,&nbsp;Peter G. Jonker,&nbsp;Andrea Saccardi,&nbsp;Daniele Bjørn Malesani,&nbsp;Nial R. Tanvir,&nbsp;Luca Izzo,&nbsp;Kasper E. Heintz,&nbsp;Daniel Mata Sánchez,&nbsp;Jonathan Quirola-Vásquez,&nbsp;Manuel A. P. Torres,&nbsp;Susanna D. Vergani,&nbsp;Steve Schulze,&nbsp;Andrea Rossi,&nbsp;Paolo D’Avanzo,&nbsp;Benjamin P. Gompertz,&nbsp;Antonio Martin-Carrillo,&nbsp;Antonio de Ugarte Postigo,&nbsp;Benjamin Schneider,&nbsp;Weimin Yuan,&nbsp;Zhixing Ling,&nbsp;Wenjie Zhang,&nbsp;Xuan Mao,&nbsp;Yuan Liu,&nbsp;Hui Sun,&nbsp;Dong Xu,&nbsp;Zipei Zhu,&nbsp;José Feliciano Agüí Fernández,&nbsp;Lorenzo Amati,&nbsp;Franz E. Bauer,&nbsp;Sergio Campana,&nbsp;Francesco Carotenuto,&nbsp;Ashley Chrimes,&nbsp;Joyce N. D. van Dalen,&nbsp;Valerio D’Elia,&nbsp;Massimo Della Valle,&nbsp;Massimiliano De Pasquale,&nbsp;Vikram S. Dhillon,&nbsp;Lluís Galbany,&nbsp;Nicola Gaspari,&nbsp;Giulia Gianfagna,&nbsp;Andreja Gomboc,&nbsp;Nusrin Habeeb,&nbsp;Dieter Hartmann,&nbsp;Agnes P. C. van Hoof,&nbsp;Youdong Hu,&nbsp;Pall Jakobsson,&nbsp;Yashaswi Julakanti,&nbsp;Judith Korth,&nbsp;Chryssa Kouveliotou,&nbsp;Tanmoy Laskar,&nbsp;Stuart P. Littlefair,&nbsp;Elisabetta Maiorano,&nbsp;Jirong Mao,&nbsp;Andrea Melandri,&nbsp;M. Coleman Miller,&nbsp;Tamal Mukherjee,&nbsp;Samantha R. Oates,&nbsp;Paul O’Brien,&nbsp;Jesse T. Palmerio,&nbsp;Hannu Parviainen,&nbsp;Daniëlle L. A. Pieterse,&nbsp;Silvia Piranomonte,&nbsp;Luigi Piro,&nbsp;Giovanna Pugliese,&nbsp;Maria E. Ravasio,&nbsp;Ben Rayson,&nbsp;Ruben Salvaterra,&nbsp;Rubén Sánchez-Ramírez,&nbsp;Nikhil Sarin,&nbsp;Samuel P. R. Shilling,&nbsp;Rhaana L. C. Starling,&nbsp;Gianpiero Tagliaferri,&nbsp;Aishwarya Linesh Thakur,&nbsp;Christina C. Thöne,&nbsp;Klaas Wiersema,&nbsp;Isabelle Worssam,&nbsp;Tayyaba Zafar","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02612-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-025-02612-9","url":null,"abstract":"The nature of the minute-to-hour-long fast X-ray transients localized by telescopes such as Chandra, Swift and XMM-Newton remains mysterious, with numerous models suggested for the events. Here we report multi-wavelength observations of EP240315a, a 1,600-s-long transient detected by the Einstein Probe, showing it to have a redshift of z = 4.859. We measure a low column density of neutral hydrogen and directly detect leaking ionizing Lyman continuum. The observed properties are consistent with EP240315a being a long-duration gamma-ray burst, and these observations suggest a possible interpretation in which a substantial fraction of the X-ray-transient population are lower-luminosity examples of similar events. If correct, then sensitive narrow-field searches could be a powerful complementary probe to traditional wide-field transient detection in the identification of samples of gamma-ray-burst-like events into the epoch of reionization. Observations of a fast X-ray transient reveal that it is a gamma-ray-burst explosion from a very distant galaxy that emits light with the wavelength necessary to drive cosmic reionization, the last major phase change in the history of the Universe.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"9 9","pages":"1375-1386"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144900138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The origin of hypervelocity white dwarfs in the merger disruption of He–C–O white dwarfs","authors":"Hila Glanz, Hagai B. Perets, Aakash Bhat, Ruediger Pakmor","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02633-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-025-02633-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hypervelocity white dwarfs (HVWDs) are stellar remnants moving at speeds that exceed the Milky Way’s escape velocity. The origins of the fastest HVWDs are enigmatic, with proposed formation scenarios struggling to explain both their extreme velocities and observed properties. Here we report a three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation of a merger between two hybrid helium–carbon–oxygen WDs (with masses of 0.69 <i>M</i>_{<span>⊙</span>} and 0.62 <i>M</i>_{<span>⊙</span>}, where <i>M</i>_{<span>⊙</span>} is the mass of the Sun). We find that the merger leads to a partial disruption of the secondary WD, coupled with a double-detonation explosion of the primary WD. This launches the remnant core of the secondary WD at a speed of 2,000 km s⁻¹, consistent with observed HVWDs. The low mass of the ejected remnant and heating from the primary WD’s ejecta explain the observed luminosities and temperatures of hot HVWDs, which are otherwise difficult to reconcile with previous models (such as the dynamically driven double-degenerate double-detonation scenario). This discovery establishes a new formation channel for HVWDs and points to a pathway for producing peculiar type Ia supernovae and faint explosive transients.</p>","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"163 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144900136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global heliospheric termination shock strength in the solar–interstellar interaction","authors":"E. J. Zirnstein, R. Kumar, B. L. Shrestha, P. Swaczyna, M. A. Dayeh, J. Heerikhuisen, J. R. Szalay","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02634-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-025-02634-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A heliospheric termination shock (HTS) surrounds our Solar System at approximately 100 astronomical units from the Sun, where the expanding solar wind (SW) is compressed and heated before encountering the interstellar medium. HTS-accelerated particles govern the pressure balance with the interstellar medium, but little is known about the global properties of the HTS beyond in situ measurements from Voyager in only two directions of the sky. Here we fill this gap by extracting the HTS strength using particle-in-cell, test particle and magnetohydrodynamic simulations, constrained by Interstellar Boundary Explorer observations of energetic neutral atoms produced from HTS-accelerated particles. Our results reveal there is a higher compression near the poles during solar minimum compared with solar maximum due to the higher Mach number flow. North–south asymmetries arise from the disparate evolution of the polar coronal holes, while minimum compression near the flanks is probably due to SW slowing from mass loading over a greater distance to the HTS. The results imply a strong connection between the HTS strength and the SW and interstellar medium dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144900143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Starlink will swamp some SKA frequencies","authors":"Lindsay Oldham","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02645-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-025-02645-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"9 8","pages":"1103-1103"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144900139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microphysics at work on a rogue planet","authors":"Luca Maltagliati","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02647-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-025-02647-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"9 8","pages":"1104-1104"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144900142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spoiling space","authors":"Andy Lawrence","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02622-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-025-02622-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"9 8","pages":"1100-1100"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144900146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The revolution in strong lensing discoveries from Euclid","authors":"Natalie E. P. Lines,&nbsp;Tian Li,&nbsp;Thomas E. Collett,&nbsp;Philip Holloway,&nbsp;James W. Nightingale,&nbsp;Karina Rojas,&nbsp;Aprajita Verma,&nbsp;Mike Walmsley","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02616-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-025-02616-5","url":null,"abstract":"Strong gravitational lensing offers a powerful and direct probe of dark matter, galaxy evolution and cosmology, yet strong lenses are rare: only 1 in roughly 10,000 massive galaxies can lens a background source into multiple images. The European Space Agency’s Euclid telescope, with its unique combination of high-resolution imaging and wide-area sky coverage, is set to transform this field. In its first quick data release, covering just 0.45% of the full survey area, around 500 high-quality strong lens candidates have been identified using a synergy of machine learning, citizen science and expert visual inspection. This dataset includes exotic systems such as compound lenses and edge-on disk lenses, demonstrating Euclid’s capacity to probe the lens parameter space. The machine learning models developed to discover strong lenses in Euclid data are able to find lenses with high purity rates, confirming that the mission’s forecast of discovering over 100,000 strong lenses is achievable during its 6-year mission. This will increase the number of known strong lenses by two orders of magnitude, transforming the science that can be done with strong lensing. The application of state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms to Euclid’s first quick data release has enabled the discovery of around 500 new strong gravitational lenses, validating predictions that next-generation surveys will substantially extend the reach of strong lensing science.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"9 8","pages":"1116-1122"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144900147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling coronal fine structures with adaptive optics","authors":"Guiping Zhou","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02626-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-025-02626-3","url":null,"abstract":"A new coronal adaptive optics system captures a fast-moving, finely-twisted coronal plasma structure that quickly dissolves, challenging current theories and offering new insights into the Sun’s magnetic activity.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"9 8","pages":"1105-1106"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144900144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}