Nature AstronomyPub Date : 2026-04-03DOI: 10.1038/s41550-026-02837-2
Hiranya V. Peiris
{"title":"Large language models are not the problem","authors":"Hiranya V. Peiris","doi":"10.1038/s41550-026-02837-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-026-02837-2","url":null,"abstract":"If a Large Language Model (LLM) can replicate your scientific contribution, the problem is not the LLM. What does it say about our field that so much of the anxiety about AI comes down to the fear that a machine could do what we do? Perhaps it says we should be doing something better.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"10 4","pages":"472-474"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147611748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature AstronomyPub Date : 2026-04-02DOI: 10.1038/s41550-026-02819-4
Quirino D’Amato, Filippo Mannucci, Alessandro Sonnenfeld, Martina Scialpi, James W. Nightingale, Cristiana Spingola, Stefano Zibetti, Alessandro Marconi, Piero Rosati, Cosimo Marconcini, Guido Agapito, Anna Gallazzi, Enrico Di Teodoro, Gloria Andreuzzi, Francesco Belfiore, Elena Bertola, Caterina Bracci, Stefano Carniani, Elisa Cataldi, Avinanda Chakraborty, Matteo Ceci, Claudia Cicone, Anna Ciurlo, Giovanni Cresci, Alessandra De Rosa, Elisa Di Carlo, Anna Feltre, Michele Ginolfi, Isabella Lamperti, Bianca Moreschini, Emanuele Nardini, Michele Perna, Elisa Portaluri, Khatun Rubinur, Paolo Saracco, Paola Severgnini, Vincenzo Testa, Giulia Tozzi, Giacomo Venturi, Lorenzo Ulivi, Cristian Vignali, Maria Vittoria Zanchettin, Antonio Pepe
{"title":"Milky-Way-like stars in a galaxy core 8 billion years ago revealed by gravitational lensing","authors":"Quirino D’Amato, Filippo Mannucci, Alessandro Sonnenfeld, Martina Scialpi, James W. Nightingale, Cristiana Spingola, Stefano Zibetti, Alessandro Marconi, Piero Rosati, Cosimo Marconcini, Guido Agapito, Anna Gallazzi, Enrico Di Teodoro, Gloria Andreuzzi, Francesco Belfiore, Elena Bertola, Caterina Bracci, Stefano Carniani, Elisa Cataldi, Avinanda Chakraborty, Matteo Ceci, Claudia Cicone, Anna Ciurlo, Giovanni Cresci, Alessandra De Rosa, Elisa Di Carlo, Anna Feltre, Michele Ginolfi, Isabella Lamperti, Bianca Moreschini, Emanuele Nardini, Michele Perna, Elisa Portaluri, Khatun Rubinur, Paolo Saracco, Paola Severgnini, Vincenzo Testa, Giulia Tozzi, Giacomo Venturi, Lorenzo Ulivi, Cristian Vignali, Maria Vittoria Zanchettin, Antonio Pepe","doi":"10.1038/s41550-026-02819-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-026-02819-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147611750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature AstronomyPub Date : 2026-04-02DOI: 10.1038/s41550-026-02820-x
Yuri I. Fujii, Masahiro Ogihara, Yasunori Hori
{"title":"Different architecture of Jupiter and Saturn satellite systems from magnetospheric cavity formation","authors":"Yuri I. Fujii, Masahiro Ogihara, Yasunori Hori","doi":"10.1038/s41550-026-02820-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-026-02820-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147611751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature AstronomyPub Date : 2026-03-31DOI: 10.1038/s41550-026-02817-6
The XRISM Collaboration
{"title":"Accurate determination of chemical abundances near a supermassive black hole","authors":"The XRISM Collaboration","doi":"10.1038/s41550-026-02817-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-026-02817-6","url":null,"abstract":"The metal abundances in galactic nuclei carry key information on the history of star formation and mass transfer in central regions of galaxies. X-ray fluorescence analysis is a unique tool to reliably measure the abundances of various elements via simple physics. Here we present a new observation of the active nucleus in the Circinus galaxy with the XRISM satellite at unprecedented X-ray energy resolution. The fluorescent iron Kα line profile modified by Compton scattering indicates that the material responsible for its emission is cold and metal rich and is located ≳0.024 pc from the supermassive black hole, consistent with the dusty torus region. The abundance pattern derived from comparing fluorescent line intensities of different metals shows subsolar ratios of argon- and calcium-to-iron and a supersolar ratio of nickel-to-iron. This abundance pattern is best produced by a combination in number fraction of (9{2}_{-4}^{+2} %) core-collapse supernovae from progenitor stars less massive than (2{0}_{-2}^{+3,}{M}_{odot }) and ({8}_{-2}^{+4} %) type Ia supernovae. This suggests that gas feeding the supermassive black hole was enriched by recent core-collapse supernovae. Our findings imply that in metal-rich environments stars more massive than about 20 M⊙ directly collapse into black holes or make faint supernovae without ejecting heavy metals into the space.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147585917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature AstronomyPub Date : 2026-03-27DOI: 10.1038/s41550-026-02824-7
Paolo A. Sossi, Dan J. Bower
{"title":"Homogeneous accretion of the Earth in the inner Solar System","authors":"Paolo A. Sossi, Dan J. Bower","doi":"10.1038/s41550-026-02824-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-026-02824-7","url":null,"abstract":"Meteorites are classified as either non-carbonaceous or carbonaceous, representing bodies that are likely to have formed in the inner or outer Solar System, respectively. Despite its location in the inner Solar System, the Earth is thought to contain either minor (~6%) or substantial amounts (~40%) of outer Solar System material. However, because neither interpretation leverages variations among multiple isotopic systems simultaneously, Earth’s provenance remains equivocal. Here we examine variations in ten nucleosynthetic isotope anomalies among planets and meteorite parent bodies to show that the linear extension of an array defined by non-carbonaceous bodies in any two isotopic anomalies always intersects the observed isotopic composition of the bulk silicate Earth to within 1 standard deviation. The Earth therefore formed exclusively from inner Solar System material whose composition did not vary over the course of accretion and was, on average, unlike that of any chondrite. Extension of the non-carbonaceous array yields isotopic compositions for Mercury and Venus that are more extreme than for Earth, implying a spatial or temporal gradient during the formation of the terrestrial planets.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147536119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature AstronomyPub Date : 2026-03-23DOI: 10.1038/s41550-026-02808-7
Lisa J. Kewley, Kathryn Grasha, Alex Garcia, Paul Torrey, Jeff Rich, Z. S. Hemler, Qian-Hui Chen, Peixin Zhu, Mark Seibert, Lars Hernquist, Barry Madore
{"title":"The assembly history of NGC 1365 through chemical archaeology","authors":"Lisa J. Kewley, Kathryn Grasha, Alex Garcia, Paul Torrey, Jeff Rich, Z. S. Hemler, Qian-Hui Chen, Peixin Zhu, Mark Seibert, Lars Hernquist, Barry Madore","doi":"10.1038/s41550-026-02808-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-026-02808-7","url":null,"abstract":"Galaxies build through infalling gas and galaxy mergers. Tracking the dynamical history of a galaxy from a single snapshot in time is notoriously difficult. Here we show that the dynamical history of a galaxy can be tracked using oxygen abundances as archaeological tracers. We derive the gas-phase oxygen abundances for 4,546 spaxels across the face-on spiral galaxy NGC 1365 at a spatial resolution of 175 pc, thus obtaining one of the most detailed chemical fossil records of a spiral galaxy outside our Milky Way. We apply IllustrisTNG cosmological simulations to analyse the chemical abundance distribution in a theoretical model for NGC 1365. In the model, the oxygen-abundance gradient of the main disk formed earliest, 11.9–12.5 billion years ago via mergers with several dwarf galaxies. A steep inner-bar gradient formed slowly over the last 12 billion years through enrichment from star formation triggered by the infall of gas into the nuclear regions. An extended ionized gas disk with flat oxygen abundances assembled more recently (5.9–8.6 billion years ago) through a minor merger. This work indicates that cosmological simulations and ultrahigh-spatial-resolution oxygen abundances can together provide an archaeological probe of the star-formation and merger histories of spiral galaxies.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147496810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature AstronomyPub Date : 2026-03-23DOI: 10.1038/s41550-026-02830-9
{"title":"Threats to astronomy from above and below","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41550-026-02830-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41550-026-02830-9","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing limits are being placed on astronomy by external factors. We encourage astronomers to be equipped and active in the defence of their vocation.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"10 3","pages":"329-329"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-026-02830-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147506765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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